CN112818539A - Sound insulation design method and sound insulation design system for window - Google Patents

Sound insulation design method and sound insulation design system for window Download PDF

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CN112818539A
CN112818539A CN202110128235.9A CN202110128235A CN112818539A CN 112818539 A CN112818539 A CN 112818539A CN 202110128235 A CN202110128235 A CN 202110128235A CN 112818539 A CN112818539 A CN 112818539A
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sound insulation
window
equivalence
glass
module
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CN112818539B (en
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刘宗财
孙召进
郭建强
陈艳
潘光亮
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CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2111/00—Details relating to CAD techniques
    • G06F2111/10—Numerical modelling
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
    • G06F2119/10—Noise analysis or noise optimisation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation

Abstract

The invention discloses a sound insulation design method and a sound insulation design system of a window, wherein the window comprises inner glass and outer glass which are arranged at intervals, an air layer is arranged between the inner glass and the outer glass, and the sound insulation design method comprises the following steps: step S1, sound insulation performance parameters of the inner layer glass, the outer layer glass and the air layer are obtained; step S2, calculating the theoretical sound insulation quantity of the window according to the sound insulation performance parameters; step S3, judging whether the theoretical sound insulation quantity reaches the target sound insulation quantity, if not, executing the following step S4; step S4, adjusting the sound insulation performance parameter, and repeatedly executing the steps S1 to S3. By adopting the sound insulation design method, the design of the sound insulation quantity of the window is mainly carried out through simulation calculation, the design period is short, timely feedback can be made on different design schemes, the scheme can be conveniently adjusted, the method has high timeliness, and the design cost can be effectively reduced.

Description

Sound insulation design method and sound insulation design system for window
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sound insulation design, in particular to a sound insulation design method and a sound insulation design system for a window.
Background
With the rapid development of the rail vehicle technology, the running speed of the rail vehicle is greatly improved, so that the noise source outside the vehicle is remarkably increased, the riding comfort of passengers is seriously affected, and a more serious challenge is also provided for the noise control of the whole vehicle.
Research experience shows that the contribution of a side wall region to noise in a car is obvious and is next to a floor region when a rail vehicle runs at a high speed, and the contribution of the side wall region is equivalent to that of the floor region when the rail vehicle runs in a tunnel, so that the sound insulation optimization design for reinforcing the side wall region has important significance for improving the noise in the car, and the sound insulation amount of the side wall region is important when the total area of the side wall (without a car door) is about 20% of the total area of a window region of the side wall (without the car door).
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sound insulation design method and a sound insulation design system for a window, wherein the sound insulation design method can be used for designing the sound insulation quantity of the window, the design period is short, and the timeliness is high.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a sound insulation design method for a window, wherein the window comprises an inner layer glass and an outer layer glass which are arranged at intervals, an air layer is arranged between the inner layer glass and the outer layer glass, and the sound insulation design method comprises the following steps: step S1, sound insulation performance parameters of the inner layer glass, the outer layer glass and the air layer are obtained; step S2, calculating the theoretical sound insulation quantity of the window according to the sound insulation performance parameters; step S3, judging whether the theoretical sound insulation quantity reaches the target sound insulation quantity, if not, executing the following step S4; step S4, adjusting the sound insulation performance parameter, and repeatedly executing the steps S1 to S3.
By adopting the sound insulation design method, the design of the sound insulation quantity of the window is mainly carried out through simulation calculation, the design period is short, timely feedback can be made on different design schemes, the scheme can be conveniently adjusted, the method has high timeliness, and the design cost can be effectively reduced.
Optionally, the acoustical insulation performance parameters include density, modulus of elasticity, shear modulus, and structural damping.
Optionally, at least one of the inner layer glass and the outer layer glass is a multilayer structure, the sound insulation performance parameter of the multilayer structure is an equivalent parameter, the multilayer structure comprises n layers, and in step S1, the equivalent parameter is obtained by the following formula:
the formula I is as follows: rho1×H1+ρ2×H2+…+ρn×Hn＝ρEquivalence of×HEquivalence of；
The formula II is as follows: e1×I1+E2×I2+…+En×In＝EEquivalence of×IEquivalence of；
The formula III is as follows:
Figure BDA0002924205790000021
where ρ is1、ρ2…ρnRespectively the density, rho, of each layer in the multilayer structureEquivalence ofIs an equivalent density; h1、H2…HnRespectively the thickness of each layer in the multilayer structure, HEquivalence ofIs an equivalent thickness which is the sum of the thicknesses of the layers in the multilayer structure; e1、E2…EnRespectively the modulus of elasticity of each layer of the multilayer structure, EEquivalence ofIs the equivalent modulus of elasticity; i is1、I2…InRespectively, the section moments of inertia, I, of the layers in the multilayer structureEquivalence ofEquivalent section moment of inertia; gEquivalence ofV is the Poisson's ratio of the glass for equivalent shear modulus.
Optionally, the structural damping of the inner layer glass and the structural damping of the outer layer glass are both obtained through actual measurement, and in step S1, the structural damping of the inner layer glass and the structural damping of the outer layer glass are obtained through the following steps: step S11, the sample to be tested is processedThe piece is arranged on a test window, a vibration sensor is arranged on the surface of the sample piece to be tested, and the sample to be tested is the inner layer glass and the outer layer glass; step S12, applying vibration excitation to the sample piece to be tested; step S13, obtaining the time T corresponding to the vibration signal attenuation set value measured by the vibration sensorSetting up(ii) a Step S14, based on
Figure BDA0002924205790000022
Figure BDA0002924205790000023
Calculating the structural damping, whereiniIs 1/3 times fiAnd correspondingly damping the structure.
Optionally, in the step S12, a vibration signal is applied to the sample to be tested by a force hammer; and/or the set value in the step S13 is 55dB-65 dB.
Optionally, in step S2, the theoretical sound insulation amount of the window is calculated by using a double-wall structure model.
Optionally, before the step S3, the method further includes: and step S0, acquiring the target sound insulation quantity.
Optionally, in the step S3, if the theoretical sound insulation amount reaches the target sound insulation amount, the following step S5 is executed; step S5, manufacturing a window sample piece, and testing the actually measured sound insulation quantity of the window sample piece; and step S6, judging whether the measured sound insulation quantity reaches the target sound insulation quantity, if not, executing the step S4.
The invention also provides a sound insulation design system of a window, wherein the window comprises an inner layer glass and an outer layer glass which are arranged at intervals, and an air layer is arranged between the inner layer glass and the outer layer glass, and the sound insulation design system comprises: the acquisition module is used for acquiring sound insulation performance parameters of the inner layer glass, the outer layer glass and the air layer; the calculation module is in signal connection with the acquisition module, and is used for receiving the sound insulation performance parameters acquired by the acquisition module and calculating the theoretical sound insulation quantity of the window according to the sound insulation performance parameters; the judging module is in signal connection with the calculating module, is used for receiving the theoretical sound insulation quantity obtained by the calculating module and is used for judging whether the theoretical sound insulation quantity reaches a target sound insulation quantity; and the adjusting module is in signal connection with both the acquiring module and the judging module and is used for adjusting the sound insulation performance parameter when the judging module judges that the theoretical sound insulation quantity does not reach the target sound insulation quantity.
Since the above-mentioned sound insulation design method has the technical effects, the sound insulation design system corresponding to the sound insulation design method also has similar technical effects, and therefore, the details are not described herein.
Optionally, the acoustical insulation performance parameters include density, modulus of elasticity, shear modulus, and structural damping.
Optionally, the obtaining module includes a first obtaining unit, a second obtaining unit, and a third obtaining unit, at least one of the inner layer glass and the outer layer glass is a multilayer structure, the sound insulation performance parameter of the multilayer structure is an equivalent parameter, the multilayer structure includes n layers, the first obtaining unit is configured to obtain an equivalent density according to a first formula, the second obtaining unit is configured to obtain an equivalent elastic modulus according to a second formula, and the third obtaining unit is configured to obtain an equivalent shear modulus according to a third formula;
the formula I is as follows: rho1×H1+ρ2×H2+…+ρn×Hn＝ρEquivalence of×HEquivalence of；
The formula II is as follows: e1×I1+E2×I2+…+En×In＝EEquivalence of×IEquivalence of；
The formula III is as follows:
Figure BDA0002924205790000041
where ρ is1、ρ2…ρnRespectively the density, rho, of each layer in the multilayer structureEquivalence ofIs an equivalent density; h1、H2…HnRespectively is the said pluralityThickness of each layer in the layer structure, HEquivalence ofIs an equivalent thickness which is the sum of the thicknesses of the layers in the multilayer structure; e1、E2…EnRespectively the modulus of elasticity of each layer of the multilayer structure, EEquivalence ofIs the equivalent modulus of elasticity; i is1、I2…InRespectively, the section moments of inertia, I, of the layers in the multilayer structureEquivalence ofEquivalent section moment of inertia; gEquivalence ofV is the Poisson's ratio of the glass for equivalent shear modulus.
Optionally, the test device further comprises a first test module, the first test module comprising: the test window is used for installing a sample to be tested, and the sample to be tested is the inner layer glass and the outer layer glass; the vibration applying unit is used for applying vibration excitation to the sample to be tested; the vibration sensor is arranged on the sample to be detected and used for detecting a vibration signal; the fourth acquisition unit is in signal connection with the vibration sensor and is used for acquiring a vibration signal measured by the vibration sensor; a fifth obtaining unit, connected to the fourth obtaining unit, for obtaining the time T corresponding to the vibration signal attenuation setting valueSetting up(ii) a A computing unit for computing based on
Figure BDA0002924205790000042
Calculating the structural damping, ηiIs 1/3 times fiThe corresponding structural damping; the acquisition module is in signal connection with the calculation unit and is used for acquiring the structural damping obtained by the calculation unit.
Optionally, a second test module is further included, the second test module comprising: the testing unit is used for testing the actually measured sound insulation quantity of the manufactured window sample piece; and the judgment unit is in signal connection with the test unit and the adjustment module and is used for receiving the actually-measured sound insulation amount and judging whether the actually-measured sound insulation amount reaches the target sound insulation amount, and the adjustment module is also used for adjusting the sound insulation performance parameter when the judgment unit judges that the actually-measured sound insulation amount does not reach the target sound insulation amount.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of one embodiment of a sound insulation design method for a window according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an outer layer of glass before and after equivalence;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a sound insulation design system for a window according to the present invention.
The reference numerals in fig. 3 are explained as follows:
the device comprises an acquisition module 1, a first acquisition unit 11, a second acquisition unit 12, a third acquisition unit 13, a calculation module 2, a judgment module 3, an adjustment module 4, a first test module 5, a test window 51, a vibration applying unit 52, a vibration sensor 53, a fourth acquisition unit 54, a fifth acquisition unit 55, a calculation unit 56, a second test module 6, a test unit 61 and a judgment unit 62.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The terms "first," "second," and the like, herein are used for convenience in describing two or more structures or components that are identical or similar in structure and/or function and do not denote any particular limitation in order and/or importance.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a sound insulation design method for a window according to the present invention, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an equivalent front and rear glass layer, and fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a sound insulation design system for a window according to the present invention.
Example one
In the traditional scheme, aiming at the design of the sound insulation quantity of the window, different window samples are generally designed, and the mode of test verification is organized to determine the optimization effect and the final structure, so that the consumption of large manpower and material resources is required, the design and test period is long, the timeliness is not provided, and the quick response to the change of the scheme cannot be made.
Therefore, the invention provides a sound insulation design method of a window, the window comprises an inner layer glass and an outer layer glass which are arranged at intervals, and an air layer exists between the inner layer glass and the outer layer glass, namely, the sound insulation design method provided by the embodiment of the invention is mainly directed to the window with double layers of glass.
Specifically, the sound insulation design method comprises the following steps: step S1, sound insulation performance parameters of the inner layer glass, the outer layer glass and the air layer are obtained; step S2, calculating the theoretical sound insulation quantity of the window according to the sound insulation performance parameters; step S3, judging whether the theoretical sound insulation amount reaches the target sound insulation amount, if not, executing the following step S4; and step S4, adjusting sound insulation performance parameters, and repeatedly executing the step S1 to the step S3.
By adopting the sound insulation design method, the design of the sound insulation quantity of the window is mainly carried out through simulation calculation, the design period is short, timely feedback can be made on different design schemes, the scheme can be conveniently adjusted, the method has high timeliness, and the design cost can be effectively reduced.
In this embodiment of the present invention, it is not limited to which parameters are specifically included in the sound insulation performance parameters, and in practical applications, a person skilled in the art may select the parameters according to the specific needs of the constructed calculation model. In general, the above-mentioned sound insulation performance parameters may include density, modulus of elasticity, shear modulus, structural damping, and the like; besides, the structural dimension parameters such as the width, the height, the thickness and the like of the inner layer glass and the outer layer glass can be included.
In specific practice, the inner layer glass and the outer layer glass can be both single-layer glass materials, at the moment, the sound insulation performance parameters such as density, elastic modulus, shear modulus, structural damping and the like can be directly obtained through table lookup, and the structural size parameters of the inner layer glass and the outer layer glass can be obtained according to installation conditions (window frame size).
In practice, in order to meet the requirements of structural strength, sound insulation performance and the like, at least one of the inner glass and the outer glass is a multilayer structure, generally speaking, the multilayer structure is mainly the outer glass, and the multilayer structure can be a glass + film-attached structure, or can be a multilayer laminated glass, that is, a plurality of spaced glass layers exist, and a glue layer is filled between two adjacent glass layers.
In this case, as shown in fig. 2, the sound insulation design method provided by the embodiment of the present invention may be equivalent to a single-layer structure with consistent structural dimensions (consistent width L, thickness H, and height) to simplify the model design of the whole window, and accordingly, the sound insulation performance parameter of the multi-layer structure may be an equivalent parameter, assuming that n layers exist in the multi-layer structure, and in step S1, the equivalent parameter may be obtained by the following formula:
the formula I is as follows: rho1×H1+ρ2×H2+…+ρn×Hn＝ρEquivalence of×HEquivalence of；
The formula II is as follows: e1×I1+E2×I2+…+En×In＝EEquivalence of×IEquivalence of；
The formula III is as follows:
Figure BDA0002924205790000071
where ρ is1、ρ2…ρnRespectively the density, p, of each layer in the multilayer structureEquivalence ofIs an equivalent density; h1、H2…HnRespectively the thickness of each layer in the multilayer structure, HEquivalence ofIs the equivalent thickness, which is the sum of the thicknesses of the individual layers in the multilayer structure, i.e. HEquivalence of＝H1+H2+…+Hn；E1、E2…EnRespectively the modulus of elasticity of the layers in the multilayer structure, EEquivalence ofIs the equivalent modulus of elasticity; i is1、I2…InRespectively, the section moments of inertia, I, of the layers in the multilayer structureEquivalence ofThe window structure is approximately rectangular because each layer in the window structure is relatively flat, and therefore, each section inertia moment can be calculated according to a rectangular section inertia moment calculation formula; gEquivalence ofV is the Poisson's ratio of the glass, which is a constant, for an equivalent shear modulus.
The structural damping is mainly related to the structural dimension parameters, the materials and the like of the corresponding layers, and is mainly related to the structural dimension parameters of the corresponding layers under the condition that the materials are determined. In the embodiment of the invention, the structural damping of the inner layer glass and the outer layer glass can be obtained through actual measurement so as to improve the accuracy of the obtained structural damping.
Specifically, in step S1, the structural damping of the inner and outer layer glasses is obtained as follows: step S11, mounting a sample piece to be tested on the test window 51, and arranging a vibration sensor 53 on the surface of the sample piece to be tested, wherein the sample to be tested is inner-layer glass and outer-layer glass; step S12, applying vibration excitation to the sample piece to be tested; in step S13, the time T corresponding to the vibration signal attenuation setting value measured by the vibration sensor 53 is acquiredSetting up(ii) a Step S14, based on
Figure BDA0002924205790000072
Calculating structural damping, whereiniIs 1/3 times fiCorresponding structural damping.
The number and the installation position of the vibration sensors 53 can be adjusted according to actual needs as long as the requirements of use can be satisfied, and generally, the number of the vibration sensors 53 can be three or more. The vibration excitation may be provided by the vibration applying unit 52, and the structural form of the vibration applying unit 52 may be various as long as it can satisfy the requirements of use, and in general, the vibration applying unit 52 may be a force hammer. The set point can be set as desired, and in one embodiment, the set point can be 55dB to 65dB, such as 60 dB.
F aboveiFor a frequency band, the specific frequency range may refer to a frequency range of a noise source that a window needs to face in an actual application scene, taking the application to a rail vehicle as an example, that is, it needs to refer to a frequency range of noise such as an external wheel rail.
Through the method, the structural damping adopted in the embodiment of the invention is a characteristic curve which changes along with the frequency, and compared with the traditional calculation method which only uses a single value, the method has higher calculation precision; in addition, the method for acquiring the structural damping is a method of test and simulation calculation, only the inner layer glass and the outer layer glass are needed to be prepared into the sample piece in the test stage, the inner layer glass and the outer layer glass are not needed to be assembled into a complete window, the manufacturing time and the manufacturing cost of the test sample piece can be reduced, the test efficiency can be further improved, and then the structural damping parameters can be acquired quickly and accurately by matching with the simulation calculation.
Different from the parameters of density, elastic modulus, shear modulus and the like, the structural damping parameter is mainly related to the structural dimensions of the inner layer glass and the outer layer glass, and in the window design, limited by the shape of the window frame and the total thickness H, actually, the structural dimensions of the inner layer glass, the air layer and the outer layer glass are not very obvious in change, and the influence on the structural damping is small, so when the sound insulation performance parameter is adjusted in step S4, the adjustment is actually mainly performed on the parameters of density, elastic modulus, shear modulus and the like, of course, if the thickness of a certain layer (such as the outer layer glass) is greatly changed, the above steps S11 to S14 can be performed again to obtain a new structural damping parameter, and the new structural damping parameter is substituted into step S2 for calculation.
The calculation of the theoretical sound insulation amount in step S2 may be specifically performed by using a double-wall structure model, where the double-wall structure model is an existing model in the prior art, and a specific calculation method thereof and the like are not described in detail herein. Besides the double-layer wall structure model, other structure models can be adopted as long as the sound insulation quantity can be calculated.
Step S3 may be preceded by: in step S0, a target sound insulation amount is acquired. The target sound insulation amount is a known value and can be directly given by a person skilled in the art according to experience; or, the actual use environment of the window may be combined to perform simulation design, for example, when the window is applied to a rail vehicle, in specific practice, the intensity of the wheel track noise outside the vehicle may be determined according to the running speed of the rail vehicle, then the noise control index inside the vehicle is taken as an analysis target, and the sound insulation design index of each part is determined by using the whole vehicle simulation analysis model, specifically, the sound insulation design index may include a floor area, a side wall area, a vehicle door structure, a vehicle window structure, and the like, so that the target sound insulation can be obtained.
Further, in step S3, if the theoretical sound insulation amount reaches the target sound insulation amount, the following step S5 is performed; step S5, manufacturing a window sample, and testing the actually measured sound insulation quantity of the window sample; step S6, determine whether the measured sound insulation amount reaches the target sound insulation amount, if not, execute the above step S4.
In steps S1 to S3, the theoretical calculation and determination of the sound insulation amount of the window are mainly performed, after the theoretical calculation meets the requirement, further experimental verification may be performed in the embodiment of the present invention, the manufactured window sample may be designed according to each parameter meeting the theoretical calculation condition, the test method for the actually measured sound insulation amount of the window sample in step S5 is mature in the prior art, and the test method may be performed directly in a corresponding laboratory according to a corresponding standard, which is not described in detail herein.
Therefore, by combining simulation analysis and tests, the embodiment of the invention can carry out rapid and accurate optimization design on the sound insulation quantity of the window, and can better meet the use requirement.
It should be emphasized that, although the sound insulation design method for the window provided by the present invention is not limited to the sound insulation optimization design of the window of the rail vehicle, obviously, the application range is not limited to the rail vehicle field, and the method is practically applicable to the fields requiring the window, such as the automobile field, even the house construction field, and the like, that is, the application range cannot be taken as a limitation to the implementation range of the sound insulation design method for the window provided by the present invention.
Example two
The invention also provides a sound insulation design system of a window, which corresponds to the sound insulation design method related in the first embodiment, wherein the repeated parts of the embodiment are not described in detail.
The sound insulation design system provided by the embodiment also comprises an inner layer glass and an outer layer glass which are arranged at intervals, and an air layer exists between the inner layer glass and the outer layer glass, and the sound insulation design system specifically comprises: the acquisition module 1 is used for acquiring sound insulation performance parameters of inner layer glass, outer layer glass and an air layer; the calculation module 2 is in signal connection with the acquisition module 1, and is used for receiving the sound insulation performance parameters acquired by the acquisition module 1 and calculating the theoretical sound insulation quantity of the window according to the sound insulation performance parameters; the judging module 3 is in signal connection with the calculating module 2, and is used for receiving the theoretical sound insulation quantity obtained by the calculating module 2 and judging whether the theoretical sound insulation quantity reaches the target sound insulation quantity; and the adjusting module 4 is in signal connection with both the obtaining module 1 and the judging module 3 and is used for adjusting the sound insulation performance parameters when the judging module 3 judges that the theoretical sound insulation quantity does not reach the target sound insulation quantity.
Since the sound insulation design method in the first embodiment has the technical effects as above, the sound insulation design system corresponding to the sound insulation design method also has similar technical effects, and thus, the details are not described herein.
The sound insulation performance parameters can include density, elastic modulus, shear modulus, structural damping and the like.
Similarly to the first embodiment, the inner layer glass and the outer layer glass may be made of a single layer or at least a multi-layer structure, and the following embodiment mainly describes the case where the multi-layer structure exists.
The obtaining module 1 may include a first obtaining unit 11, a second obtaining unit 12, and a third obtaining unit 13, where the sound insulation performance parameter of the multilayer structure is an equivalent parameter, the first obtaining unit 11 is configured to obtain an equivalent density according to a first formula, the second obtaining unit 12 is configured to obtain an equivalent elastic modulus according to a second formula, and the third obtaining unit 13 is configured to obtain an equivalent shear modulus according to a third formula;
the formula I is as follows: rho1×H1+ρ2×H2+…+ρn×Hn＝ρEquivalence of×HEquivalence of；
The formula II is as follows: e1×I1+E2×I2+…+En×In＝EEquivalence of×IEquivalence of；
The formula III is as follows:
Figure BDA0002924205790000101
where ρ is1、ρ2…ρnRespectively the density, p, of each layer in the multilayer structureEquivalence ofIs an equivalent density; h1、H2…HnRespectively the thickness of each layer in the multilayer structure, HEquivalence ofIs the equivalent thickness, which is the sum of the thicknesses of the individual layers in the multilayer structure, i.e. HEquivalence of＝H1+H2+…+Hn；E1、E2…EnRespectively the modulus of elasticity of the layers in the multilayer structure, EEquivalence ofIs the equivalent modulus of elasticity; i is1、I2…InRespectively, the section moments of inertia, I, of the layers in the multilayer structureEquivalence ofThe window structure is similar to a rectangle because each layer in the window structure is relatively flat, and therefore, each section inertia moment can be calculated according to a rectangular section inertia moment calculation formula; gEquivalence ofV is the Poisson's ratio of the glass, which is a constant, for an equivalent shear modulus.
Further, a first test module 5 may be further included, and the first test module 5 may include: the test window 51 is used for installing a sample to be tested, and the sample to be tested is inner layer glass and outer layer glass; the vibration applying unit 52 is used for applying vibration excitation to the sample to be tested, and specifically can be a force hammer and other components; the vibration sensor 53 is arranged on the surface of the sample to be detected, and is specifically fixed by bonding and used for detecting a vibration signal; a fourth obtaining unit 54, for signal connection with the vibration sensor 53 to obtain the vibration signal measured by the vibration sensor 53; a fifth obtaining unit 55, connected to the fourth obtaining unit 54 for obtaining the time T corresponding to the vibration signal attenuation setting valueSetting up(ii) a A calculation unit 56 for calculating
Figure BDA0002924205790000111
Calculating structural damping, ηiIs 1/3 times fiCorresponding structural damping.
The obtaining module 1 may be in signal connection with the calculating unit 56, and the obtaining module 1 is configured to obtain the structural damping obtained by the calculating unit 56. In a specific practice, the aforementioned fourth obtaining unit 54, the fifth obtaining unit 55 and the calculating unit 56 may be integrated together to form a stand-alone device, such as a vibration signal analyzing device.
Further, a second testing module 6 may be further included, and the second testing module 6 may include: the test unit 61 is used for testing the actually measured sound insulation quantity of the manufactured window sample piece; the judging unit 62 may be in signal connection with both the testing unit 61 and the adjusting module 4, and is configured to receive the measured sound insulation amount and judge whether the measured sound insulation amount reaches the target sound insulation amount, and the adjusting module 4 is further configured to adjust the sound insulation performance parameter when the judging unit 62 judges that the measured sound insulation amount does not reach the target sound insulation amount.
Therefore, the reliability of the sound insulation design result of the window can be more effectively ensured by means of experimental verification.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (13)

1. A sound insulation design method for a window, wherein the window comprises an inner layer glass and an outer layer glass which are arranged at intervals, and an air layer is arranged between the inner layer glass and the outer layer glass, and the sound insulation design method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, sound insulation performance parameters of the inner layer glass, the outer layer glass and the air layer are obtained;
step S2, calculating the theoretical sound insulation quantity of the window according to the sound insulation performance parameters;
step S3, judging whether the theoretical sound insulation quantity reaches the target sound insulation quantity, if not, executing the following step S4;
step S4, adjusting the sound insulation performance parameter, and repeatedly executing the steps S1 to S3.
2. A method of designing a window for sound insulation according to claim 1, wherein the sound insulation performance parameters include density, modulus of elasticity, shear modulus, and structural damping.
3. The sound insulation design method for the window according to claim 2, wherein at least one of the inner glass and the outer glass is a multilayer structure, the sound insulation performance parameter of the multilayer structure is an equivalent parameter, the multilayer structure comprises n layers, and in step S1, the equivalent parameter is obtained by the following formula:
the formula I is as follows: rho1×H1+ρ2×H2+…+ρn×Hn＝ρEquivalence of×HEquivalence of；
The formula II is as follows: e1×I1+E2×I2+…+En×In＝EEquivalence of×IEquivalence of；
The formula III is as follows:
Figure FDA0002924205780000011
where ρ is1、ρ2…ρnRespectively the density, rho, of each layer in the multilayer structureEquivalence ofIs an equivalent density; h1、H2…HnRespectively the thickness of each layer in the multilayer structure, HEquivalence ofIs an equivalent thickness which is the sum of the thicknesses of the layers in the multilayer structure; e1、E2…EnRespectively the modulus of elasticity of each layer of the multilayer structure, EEquivalence ofIs the equivalent modulus of elasticity; i is1、I2…InRespectively, the section moments of inertia, I, of the layers in the multilayer structureEquivalence ofEquivalent section moment of inertia; gEquivalence ofV is the Poisson's ratio of the glass for equivalent shear modulus.
4. A sound insulation design method for window according to claim 2, characterized in that said structural damping of said inner and outer glass is obtained by actual measurement, and in step S1, said structural damping of said inner and outer glass is obtained by the following steps:
step S11, a sample piece to be tested is installed on a test window (51), a vibration sensor (53) is arranged on the surface of the sample piece to be tested, and the sample to be tested is the inner layer glass and the outer layer glass;
step S12, applying vibration excitation to the sample piece to be tested;
step S13, obtaining the time T corresponding to the vibration signal attenuation set value measured by the vibration sensor (53)Setting up；
Step S14, based on
Figure FDA0002924205780000021
Calculating the structural damping, whereiniIs 1/3 times fiAnd correspondingly damping the structure.
5. The sound insulation design method for the window according to claim 4, wherein the step S12 is to apply a vibration signal to the sample to be tested by a force hammer; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the set value in the step S13 is 55dB to 65 dB.
6. The sound insulation design method of the window according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the step S2 is to calculate the theoretical sound insulation amount of the window by using a double-wall structure model.
7. The sound insulation design method of the window according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that step S3 is preceded by: and step S0, acquiring the target sound insulation quantity.
8. The sound insulation design method of the window according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein in the step S3, if the theoretical sound insulation amount reaches the target sound insulation amount, the following step S5 is performed;
step S5, manufacturing a window sample piece, and testing the actually measured sound insulation quantity of the window sample piece;
and step S6, judging whether the measured sound insulation quantity reaches the target sound insulation quantity, if not, executing the step S4.
9. A sound insulation design system of window, the window includes interval setting's inlayer glass and outer glass, the inlayer glass with there is the air bed between the outer glass, its characterized in that, sound insulation design system includes:
the acquisition module (1) is used for acquiring sound insulation performance parameters of the inner layer glass, the outer layer glass and the air layer;
the calculation module (2) is in signal connection with the acquisition module (1), and is used for receiving the sound insulation performance parameters acquired by the acquisition module (1) and calculating the theoretical sound insulation quantity of the window according to the sound insulation performance parameters;
the judging module (3) is in signal connection with the calculating module (2), and is used for receiving the theoretical sound insulation quantity obtained by the calculating module (2) and judging whether the theoretical sound insulation quantity reaches a target sound insulation quantity;
and the adjusting module (4) is in signal connection with both the acquiring module (1) and the judging module (3) and is used for adjusting the sound insulation performance parameters when the judging module (3) judges that the theoretical sound insulation quantity does not reach the target sound insulation quantity.
10. An acoustical insulation design system for a window according to claim 9 wherein said acoustical insulation performance parameters include density, modulus of elasticity, shear modulus, and structural damping.
11. The sound insulation design system of the window according to claim 10, characterized in that the obtaining module (1) comprises a first obtaining unit (11), a second obtaining unit (12) and a third obtaining unit (13), at least one of the inner layer glass and the outer layer glass is a multilayer structure, the sound insulation performance parameter of the multilayer structure is an equivalent parameter, the multilayer structure comprises n layers, the first obtaining unit (11) is used for obtaining an equivalent density according to a formula one, the second obtaining unit (12) is used for obtaining an equivalent elastic modulus according to a formula two, and the third obtaining unit (13) is used for obtaining an equivalent shear modulus according to a formula three;
the formula I is as follows: rho1×H1+ρ2×H2+…+ρn×Hn＝ρEquivalence of×HEquivalence of；
The formula II is as follows: e1×I1+E2×I2+…+En×In＝EEquivalence of×IEquivalence of；
The formula III is as follows:
Figure FDA0002924205780000031
where ρ is1、ρ2…ρnRespectively the density, rho, of each layer in the multilayer structureEquivalence ofIs an equivalent density; h1、H2…HnRespectively the thickness of each layer in the multilayer structure, HEquivalence ofIs an equivalent thickness which is the sum of the thicknesses of the layers in the multilayer structure; e1、E2…EnRespectively the modulus of elasticity of each layer of the multilayer structure, EEquivalence ofIs the equivalent modulus of elasticity; i is1、I2…InRespectively, the section moments of inertia, I, of the layers in the multilayer structureEquivalence ofEquivalent section moment of inertia; gEquivalence ofV is the Poisson's ratio of the glass for equivalent shear modulus.
12. A sound insulation design system for a window according to claim 10, characterized in that it further comprises a first test module (5), said first test module (5) comprising:
the test window (51) is used for installing a sample to be tested, and the sample to be tested is the inner layer glass and the outer layer glass;
a vibration applying unit (52) for applying vibration excitation to the sample to be tested;
a vibration sensor (53) mounted on the sample to be measured for detecting a vibration signal;
the fourth acquisition unit (54) is in signal connection with the vibration sensor (53) and is used for acquiring the vibration signal measured by the vibration sensor (53);
a fifth acquisition unit (55) in signal connection with the fourth acquisition unit (54) for acquiring the time T corresponding to the vibration signal attenuation set valueSetting up；
A calculation unit (56) for calculating based on
Figure FDA0002924205780000041
Calculating the structural damping, ηiIs 1/3 times fiThe corresponding structural damping;
the acquisition module (1) is in signal connection with the calculation unit (56), and the acquisition module (1) is used for acquiring the structural damping obtained by the calculation unit (56).
13. A sound insulation design system for windows according to claims 9-12, characterized in that it further comprises a second test module (6), said second test module (6) comprising:
the test unit (61) is used for testing the actually measured sound insulation quantity of the manufactured window sample piece;
judge unit (62), with test unit (61) with the equal signal connection of adjustment module (4) is used for receiving actual measurement sound insulation volume and judgement whether actual measurement sound insulation volume reaches the target sound insulation volume, adjustment module (4) still are used for judging unit (62) judges actual measurement sound insulation volume does not reach adjustment when the target sound insulation volume sound insulation performance parameter.
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