CN112818520B - Vibration signal-based FPLG control strategy simulation model construction method and system - Google Patents

Vibration signal-based FPLG control strategy simulation model construction method and system Download PDF

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CN112818520B
CN112818520B CN202110062232.XA CN202110062232A CN112818520B CN 112818520 B CN112818520 B CN 112818520B CN 202110062232 A CN202110062232 A CN 202110062232A CN 112818520 B CN112818520 B CN 112818520B
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cylinder
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唐娟
程勇
吕宏
马宗正
马翠英
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Shandong Hewlett Packard Power Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a vibration signal-based FPLG control strategy simulation model construction method and system, which comprises the following steps: establishing a FPLG vibration response simulation model for simulating a surface vibration signal of an FPLG cylinder cover so as to analyze an in-cylinder combustion process by using the vibration signal; and establishing an FPLG control strategy simulation model of the vibration signal based on the FPLG vibration response simulation model, wherein the FPLG control strategy simulation model is used for extracting vibration characteristic parameters, feeding back the characteristic parameters and adjusting the FPLG control parameters. The method can obtain FPLG vibration response signals, mover motion signals, excitation signals and the like under different working conditions so as to obtain respective characteristics of the FPLG vibration response signals, the mover motion signals and the excitation signals.

Description

Vibration signal-based FPLG control strategy simulation model construction method and system
Technical Field
The disclosure belongs to the technical field of simulation, and particularly relates to a vibration signal-based FPLG control strategy simulation model construction method and system.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art.
The Free Piston Linear Generator (FPLG) converts heat energy generated by combustion of an internal combustion engine into electric energy through a motor to be output, can replace an auxiliary power unit of an extended-range hybrid electric vehicle, is used as a novel power device, and is an important research direction of a future new energy vehicle power system.
The FPLG system mainly comprises an internal combustion engine and a linear generator, wherein the internal combustion engine in the FPLG system and a traditional internal combustion engine have similar thermodynamic principles, but a crankshaft and a flywheel mechanism are omitted structurally, heat energy generated by combustion is converted into required energy through a motor, and the FPLG system has a plurality of potential performance advantages of high efficiency, low oil consumption and the like.
The FPLG connects the internal combustion engine and the linear motor in series, wherein a piston of the internal combustion engine, a connecting rod and a rotor of the linear motor are connected to form a rotor assembly of the system. When the linear motor is started, the linear motor serves as a motor to drag the rotor to move until a starting condition is reached; and then, the internal combustion engine ignites and burns to push the rotor to move, and the linear motor is used as a generator to generate electricity. Part of the heat energy generated by the internal combustion engine is converted into the kinetic energy of the rotor, part of the heat energy is converted into heat energy, and the other part of the heat energy is converted into electric energy to be output. However, due to the cyclic variation phenomenon of the internal combustion engine, heat energy generated by each circulating system can be changed, so that the movement of the rotor is difficult to control.
Due to the related problems of the current FPLG system, the experimental research on the related problems of the FPLG system is very difficult. And FPLG operation control strategy research is the basis of steady operation again, according to FPLG theory of operation, if can adjust the electric energy output based on real-time combustion situation, and then guarantee that active cell top dead center position maintains in a little fluctuation range, just can realize FPLG's steady operation. The surface vibration signal of the internal combustion engine is closely related to the in-cylinder combustion process, and if the in-cylinder combustion process can be pre-judged based on the vibration signal, the electric energy output is adjusted based on the combustion process condition, and a corresponding FPLG stable operation strategy based on the vibration signal is formulated, the method has important significance for stable operation and application of the FPLG.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a vibration signal-based FPLG control strategy simulation model construction method, which can effectively solve the problems of high cost and difficult implementation of the existing FPLG experiment.
To achieve the above object, one or more embodiments of the present disclosure provide the following technical solutions:
in a first aspect, a vibration signal-based FPLG control strategy simulation model construction method is disclosed, and comprises the following steps:
establishing a FPLG vibration response simulation model for simulating a surface vibration signal of an FPLG cylinder cover so as to analyze an in-cylinder combustion process by using the vibration signal;
and establishing a FPLG control strategy simulation model of the vibration signal based on the FPLG vibration response simulation model, wherein the FPLG control strategy simulation model is used for extracting vibration characteristic parameters, feeding back the characteristic parameters and adjusting the FPLG control parameters.
According to the further technical scheme, the modeling step of the FPLG vibration response simulation model is as follows:
determining a mass element, a damping element and an elastic element of the vibration system according to the structural characteristics of the FPLG and the functions of each structure in the vibration process of the system;
determining the degree of freedom of the system according to the number of the mass elements of the system;
and (3) carrying out stress analysis on the masses of all the parts in the corresponding directions, dividing the force borne by the masses of all the parts after dividing the FPLG system according to the structural characteristics, and then determining a system vibration response differential equation according to the Newton's second law or the energy conservation principle.
According to the further technical scheme, after a system vibration response differential equation is determined, system parameters including mass, rigidity and damping value of the system are determined, wherein the system mass is determined according to actual FPLG structure parameters or obtained by weighing parts; the rigidity of the spring element is obtained or measured by referring to an empirical formula; the magnitude of the damping value is approximately determined according to the damping ratio, and the system damping ratio is obtained according to experiments.
According to the further technical scheme, in the FPLG vibration response simulation model, a surface vibration signal of the FPLG cylinder cover needs to be loaded on an excitation of the FPLG system, simulation is carried out according to changes of mover motion parameters, system parameters and the like based on the excitation loaded on the FPLG system, and the excitation simulation model is constructed.
In a further technical scheme, the constructing of the excitation simulation model specifically comprises:
electromagnetic force simulation is used for simulating the electromagnetic force generated by the linear motor in the operation process;
the simulation of the friction force is used for simulating the friction in the operation process of the FPLG system and mainly comprises three parts, namely the friction force of piston rings and cylinder walls of a left cylinder and a right cylinder and the friction force consumed by the movement of a motor;
establishing an in-cylinder pressure simulation model based on that the change of the in-cylinder pressure depends on combustion, heat transfer, compression, ventilation and air leakage of the internal combustion engine;
based on the correlation between the simulation of the pressure, the friction force and the electromagnetic force in the cylinder and the motion of the rotor, the motion of the rotor is simulated, and the rotor is excited by coupling action to form a dynamic simulation model.
According to a further technical scheme, the FPLG is divided into three parts, namely a middle linear motor and engines at two ends, wherein the middle linear motor and the engines at two ends are simplified into mass elements; the connecting piece for connecting the linear motor and the engine is simplified into a spring element and a damping element; the FPLG is connected with the ground through a bracket, and the bracket is simplified into a spring element.
According to a further technical scheme, for a back-mounted FPLG, a vibration simulation model of the FPLG is used for simulating vibration response in the horizontal direction, the FPLG system is divided into three quality elements, and the degree of freedom of the vibration response of the system is 3, namely the vibration of a linear motor and the vibration of engines at two ends in the horizontal direction.
According to the further technical scheme, in the FPLG control strategy simulation model, the characteristic parameter extraction process is as follows: and reading the vibration response signals including displacement, speed and acceleration corresponding to the FPLG vibration response simulation model in real time according to a vibration characteristic parameter extraction formula, and calculating the vibration characteristic parameters corresponding to the combustion time period based on the vibration response signals.
According to the further technical scheme, the extracted vibration characteristic parameters can reflect the average indicated pressure IMEP corresponding to the combustion period;
and feeding back the calculated vibration characteristic parameters to the input end of the control system based on the linear relation between the vibration characteristic parameters and the IMEP, and carrying out interpolation calculation according to the corresponding chart relation between the vibration characteristic parameters and the IMEP to obtain the real-time in-cylinder combustion IMEP.
According to the further technical scheme, the FPLG control parameter is adjusted specifically as follows: based on the linear relation between in-cylinder combustion IMEP and FPLG target output electric quantity and real-time IMEP value, the control system calculates FPLG target output electric quantity, and realizes FPLG target output electric quantity adjustment by adjusting electromagnetic force parameters in the model,
in a second aspect, a vibration signal-based FPLG control strategy simulation model construction system is disclosed, which includes:
the FPLG vibration response simulation model establishing module is used for establishing a FPLG vibration response simulation model so as to simulate a surface vibration signal of an FPLG cylinder cover and analyze an in-cylinder combustion process by using the vibration signal;
and the FPLG control strategy simulation model establishing module is used for establishing a FPLG control strategy simulation model of the vibration signal based on the FPLG vibration response simulation model so as to extract vibration characteristic parameters, feed back the characteristic parameters and adjust the FPLG control parameters.
The above one or more technical solutions have the following beneficial effects:
according to the technical scheme, the vibration response simulation model of the FPLG system is established and analyzed, so that the following beneficial effects can be realized:
1) acquiring FPLG vibration response signals, rotor motion signals, excitation signals and the like under different working conditions so as to acquire respective characteristics of the FPLG vibration response signals, the rotor motion signals and the excitation signals;
2) obtaining the relation between the vibration response signal of the FPLG system and IMEP and the relation between the IMEP and the target power generation amount;
3) the FPLG stable operation control strategy based on the vibration response signal can be obtained and verified based on the model.
Advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
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The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure and are not to limit the disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a back-mounted free piston linear generator;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a free piston force analysis;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a vibration response simulation model and a control section simulation model;
FIG. 4 in-cylinder pressure signal versus vibration response signal plot;
FIG. 5 is a graph of IMEP versus target power generation;
FIG. 6 is a model diagram of a three-degree-of-freedom FPLG vibration system;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of relationships between models of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present disclosure may be combined with each other without conflict.
According to the technical scheme, a FPLG vibration response part simulation model and a control strategy part simulation model are established according to the stress characteristics and the structural characteristics of the FPLG system; the vibration response simulation model part also comprises simulation of the excitation of the FPLG; meanwhile, the invention researches a model parameter setting method and a result extraction and analysis method. The method can effectively solve the problems of high cost and difficult implementation of the existing FPLG experiment, and can also research the FPLG control strategy based on vibration signals through the analysis of the simulation method.
Example one
The embodiment discloses a vibration signal-based FPLG control strategy simulation model building method, which comprises the steps of building an FPLG vibration simulation analysis model and a control strategy simulation model, and comprises the steps of setting model parameters, extracting and analyzing model results and the like.
The present invention is illustrated with a back-set FPLG. At present, engines are arranged at two ends of a mandrel of a generator through a conventional back-mounted FPLG, as shown in figure 1, the generator is arranged in the middle, and the generator has two functions of a motor and a generator. The rotor component comprises a piston, a connecting rod, a motor rotor and the like.
The FPLG vibration response simulation model mainly simulates a surface vibration signal of the FPLG cylinder cover so as to analyze the in-cylinder combustion process by using the vibration signal. The characteristics of amplitude, phase and the like of vibration signals of the surface of the FPLG cylinder cover mainly depend on the excitation borne by the cylinder cover, and for the FPLG, the cylinder cover is mainly under the action of the excitation of the pressure, electromagnetic force, friction force and the like in a cylinder of an air cylinder.
In a specific implementation example, the specific implementation process of establishing the vibration response simulation model is as follows:
1. establishment of back-mounted FPLG vibration response simulation model
(1) Determining system mass, damping and stiffness elements
According to the structural characteristics of the FPLG and the functions of the structures in the vibration process of the system, the quality, the damping and the elastic element of the vibration system are determined. According to the back-mounted FPLG, the linear motor is arranged in the center of the system, the two ends of the linear motor are connected with the engines, the back-mounted FPLG is symmetrical in structure, in order to obtain a surface vibration signal of an engine cylinder cover, the system is divided into three parts, namely the middle linear motor and the engines at the two ends, and the middle linear motor and the engines at the two ends can be simplified into mass elements; the connecting piece for connecting the linear motor and the engine can be simplified into a spring element and a damping element; in addition, the system is connected with the ground through the support, and the support plays a role of a spring in the vibration process, so that the support can be simplified into a spring element.
(2) Determining system degrees of freedom
Unlike a traditional internal combustion engine, the motion of the FPLG active cell is reciprocating linear motion, so that the vibration of each mass element is mainly linear vibration in three directions, and the research on torsional vibration can be ignored. In addition, the simulation model aims to obtain a vibration response signal in the direction of the in-cylinder pressure, considering that the obtained vibration signal is expected to describe the combustion condition in the engine cylinder. The degree of freedom of the system can be determined according to the number of mass elements of the system. For example, in the back-set FPLG shown in fig. 1, since the in-cylinder pressure is in the horizontal direction, this embodiment analyzes only the vibration of the horizontal system, and if the FPLG system is divided into three mass elements and the vibration in each mass horizontal direction can be represented by one degree of freedom, the system vibration response degree of freedom is 3, that is, the vibration in the horizontal direction of the linear motor and the two-end engine. The simplified model of the FPLG vibration system is shown in figure 6.
(3) Vibration response mathematical model establishment
The force analysis in the corresponding direction is performed on the masses of each part, as shown in fig. 2, which is a schematic diagram of the force analysis of the FPLG, according to the structural characteristics, after the FPLG system is divided, the force on each part of the mass is also divided, for example, the electromagnetic force can be considered to act on the intermediate motor, the pressure in the cylinder can be considered to act on the cylinder cover, the friction force can be equally divided on each mass, and then, according to the newton's second law or the principle of energy conservation, the system vibration response differential equation is determined.
Specifically, in the analysis of this embodiment, it is assumed that the left cylinder is subjected to in-cylinder pressure, elastic force, and damping force; the middle motor is acted by friction force, electromagnetic force, elastic force and damping force; the right cylinder is acted by the pressure, the elastic force and the damping force in the right cylinder. And determining a system vibration response differential equation according to Newton's second law or the energy conservation principle.
Figure BDA0002902758170000071
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002902758170000072
(4) system parameter determination
The system parameters mainly include corresponding mass, stiffness and damping values. Wherein the system quality can be determined according to the actual FPLG structure parameters or obtained by weighing parts. The stiffness of the spring element, which may be obtained or measured with reference to empirical formulas, needs to be analyzed and simplified accordingly.
In this embodiment, the bolt connecting the engine and the linear motor may be simplified as a spring element, and the rigidity calculation formula is as shown in the following formula (2) or (3) according to whether the deformation of the bolt in the vibration system is tensile deformation or shear deformation. The constraint support between the connecting system and the ground has the characteristics similar to those of a cantilever beam, can be simplified into the cantilever beam to obtain the rigidity of the cantilever beam, and the rigidity can be calculated according to the formulas (4) and (5). In addition, the stiffness of the spring member in the system can also be obtained from experimental tests, and the main method can be calculated according to the formula (6). The damping elements in the system are energy-consuming elements, such as rubber pads, spring seat cushions and the like, which can be simplified into damping elements, the damping values are not easy to measure, the damping values can be approximately determined according to the damping ratio, the system damping ratio can be obtained according to experiments, and the damping values can be calculated according to the formula (7) -the formula (9).
Figure BDA0002902758170000081
Wherein E is the elastic modulus of the bolt material, A is the cross-sectional area of the bolt, and L is the effective length of the bolt;
Figure BDA0002902758170000082
wherein G is the shear modulus of elasticity of the bolt material;
Figure BDA0002902758170000083
wherein I is the inertia moment of the cross section of the cantilever beam to the neutral shaft, and the size of the inertia moment can be determined according to the shape of the cross section of the beam and the gear; l is 1 Is the cantilever beam length;
for example, when the cantilever beam is of rectangular cross-section,
Figure BDA0002902758170000084
b is the cross-sectional width and h is the cross-sectional height
Figure BDA0002902758170000085
Wherein g is gravity acceleration;
delta is the static displacement generated by the research object under the action of a certain weight;
c＝αM+βK (7)
wherein c is a system damping matrix, M is a mass matrix, K is a stiffness matrix, and alpha and beta are constants, which can be calculated according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002902758170000091
Figure BDA0002902758170000092
wherein xi is damping ratio, general engineering machinery can be 0.03-0.07, omega 1 ω 2 The first two-order natural frequency of the system can be solved according to a multi-degree-of-freedom system frequency equation. The frequency equation is as follows:
det|K-ω 2 M|＝0 (9)
(5) excitation simulation model construction
The FPLG system is mainly excited by in-cylinder pressure, electromagnetic force and friction force generated by a motor, the in-cylinder pressure is related to in-cylinder combustion conditions, and the in-cylinder combustion conditions are different under different working conditions depending on the processes of combustion, heat transfer, compression, ventilation, air leakage and the like of an internal combustion engine, and the in-cylinder combustion conditions are different due to combustion cycle variation under the same working conditions; the electromagnetic force generated by the motor depends on the moving speed of the rotor and related motor parameters, and the magnitude of the friction force also depends on the moving speed of the rotor, friction coefficient and other parameters. Therefore, excitation loaded on the FPLG system is closely related to rotor motion and system parameters, a constant curve cannot be taken as excitation for analysis, and simulation needs to be performed according to changes of rotor motion parameters, system parameters and the like. The main simulation process is as follows:
1) and electromagnetic force simulation is used for simulating the electromagnetic force generated by the linear motor in the operation process.
The circuit mathematical model is as follows:
Figure BDA0002902758170000093
wherein: v is the mover speed, R e Is equivalent resistance of the stator winding, L is equivalent inductance of the stator winding, e is counter-potential of the stator, U is terminal voltage of the stator, i is stator current, k i Is the electromagnetic force coefficient.
Electromagnetic force: f e ＝k i i (10)
F e Is an electromagnetic force.
2) The friction force module is mainly used for simulating friction in the running process and mainly comprises three parts, namely friction force of piston rings of a left air cylinder and a right air cylinder and friction force consumed by motor movement. The magnitude and the change of each friction force can be obtained according to an empirical formula.
Friction force between piston ring and cylinder wall
Figure BDA0002902758170000101
f: the overall scratch factor;
sign (v): indicating a piston velocity direction, defined as positive to the right;
A f ，B f ，K v : coefficient of friction;
e: the average temperature of the lubricating oil;
E 0 : the reference temperature was taken at 40 ℃.
d: the diameter of the cylinder;
d 0 : the reference cylinder diameter is 165 mm;
p(t)，p 0 : in-cylinder pressure and atmospheric pressure.
(ii) frictional force of motor
May be considered constant or calculated according to empirical formulas.
F efrction ＝sign(v)·F f ×(-1)；
3) In-cylinder pressure simulation model: the pressure inside the cylinder changes depending on several processes of combustion, heat transfer, compression, ventilation, blow-by, etc. of the internal combustion engine. Therefore, the in-cylinder pressure simulation module comprises combustion, heat transfer, air leakage, compression, air intake and air exhaust parts. The mathematical model corresponding to the in-cylinder pressure simulation model is as follows:
Figure BDA0002902758170000102
Figure BDA0002902758170000103
c p ＝c v +R
γ: the ratio of the constant-pressure specific heat capacity to the constant-volume specific heat capacity is a constant; cp: the specific heat capacity of air at constant pressure is constant; cv: the air has constant specific heat capacity; v: the internal cylinder volume of the internal combustion engine is constant; p: in-cylinder pressure; q C : heat released by the combustion process; q ht : heat transfer loss; m is air : the amount of air in each combustion cycle cylinder; m is i Mass flow of incoming and outgoing fuel air; h is i : enthalpy per mass flow;
4) and (3) motion simulation of the rotor: because the simulation of the in-cylinder pressure, the friction force and the electromagnetic force is related to the motion of the rotor, the motion of the rotor needs to be simulated, the rotor is excited by coupling action to form a dynamic simulation model, and the mathematical model corresponding to the simulation model is as follows:
Figure BDA0002902758170000111
wherein: a, the motion acceleration of the rotor; m: the rotor mass; f p left : left cylinder gas pressure; f pdirement (p) : right cylinder gas pressure; f f : friction force; f e : electromagnetic force
In the process that the rotor moves from a top dead center on one side to a top dead center on the other side, the expression of the speed is as follows:
Figure BDA0002902758170000112
and if the displacement of the rotor from the top dead center on one side to the top dead center on the other side is S, the corresponding stroke and speed relationship of the process satisfies the following formula:
Figure BDA0002902758170000113
5) excitation simulation and rotor motion simulation model parameter setting
Firstly, in-cylinder pressure simulation module parameters
The parameter setting in the in-cylinder pressure simulation module comprises air related parameter setting, fuel related parameter setting and engine structure related parameter setting.
The air-related parameter settings include gas constant, atmospheric pressure, temperature, air constant pressure specific heat capacity, intake air temperature, exhaust air temperature, and the like. These parameters may be set as constants, the values of which are determined in accordance with the air-related standard values. Parameters such as intake pressure, exhaust pressure, amount of air entering the cylinder per cycle, and charge coefficient can be set as variables to study the effects of these parameters on in-cylinder combustion process, mover motion, and the like.
The fuel related parameter setting comprises the setting of the enthalpy value of the fuel, and for internal combustion engines with different fuel forms, the value of the enthalpy value is determined according to the corresponding enthalpy value of the diesel or the gasoline and is also a constant, and the enthalpy value can be determined by consulting related standards.
The engine structure related parameter setting comprises setting of parameters such as engine diameter, stroke, piston connecting rod mass, air-fuel ratio, compression ratio, opening and closing time of an intake valve and cylinder volume, and the parameters can also be set according to actual engine design parameters adopted by the FPLG system and set as constants. When the influence of the structural parameters on the motion characteristics is researched, partial structural parameters can be set as variables so as to analyze the influence rule of the partial structural parameters on the motion characteristics of the rotor. When the pressure in the cylinder is simulated, the combustion process can be simulated by adopting a Weber function, wherein the combustion duration and the shape coefficient of the Weber function can be set as variables and can be changed in a certain range, and the simulation of different combustion conditions is realized according to the change of the variables.
② electromagnetic force simulation module parameter
The parameter setting of the electromagnetic force simulation module comprises relevant structural parameters of a linear motor in the FPLG system, such as equivalent resistance of a stator winding, equivalent inductance of the stator winding, counter potential of the stator, terminal voltage of the stator, stator current, electromagnetic force coefficient, rotor quality and the like. The parameters of the stator winding such as equivalent resistance, inductance and terminal voltage are constants, and the values of the parameters depend on the parameters of the motor. The quality and the electromagnetic force coefficient of the rotor can be set as variables and are used for analyzing the influence of the electromagnetic force output under different combustion working conditions on the motion of the rotor.
Thirdly, parameters of a friction simulation module
The friction force simulation module parameters mainly comprise settings of various friction coefficients, lubricating oil temperature and the like, and the settings of the parameters can be set to be constant according to experience or literature reference. And because the numerical value of the friction force is far smaller than the in-cylinder pressure and the electromagnetic force in magnitude, the influence of the friction force on the motion of the rotor is small and even can be ignored.
(6) Vibration response simulation model establishment
After the steps are completed, a multi-degree-of-freedom system vibration response simulation model can be constructed according to the formula (1) to the formula (15) and the parameter values of the system, as shown in the attached figure 3.
In a specific implementation example, the building of the FPLG control strategy simulation model based on the vibration signal is further disclosed, and the FPLG control simulation strategy model based on the vibration signal mainly comprises three parts of vibration characteristic parameter extraction, characteristic parameter feedback and FPLG control parameter adjustment.
(1) Vibration feature parameter extraction
The vibration characteristic parameters comprise amplitude characteristic parameters and phase characteristic parameters, and the characteristic parameters adopted by the invention can describe the combustion condition in the cylinder, so that the aim of adjusting the electricity generation amount of the FPLG based on the combustion condition in the cylinder is fulfilled.
The combustion characteristic parameter can reflect the average indicated pressure (IMEP) corresponding to the combustion period, and research shows that the in-cylinder combustion characteristic parameter, namely the average indicated pressure IMEP, can describe the work-doing capability of in-cylinder pressure, so that the vibration characteristic parameter extracted by the invention can describe the change of the IMEP. Based on the relationship between the vibration signal and the in-cylinder pressure excitation, the vibration characteristic parameter describing IMEP is calculated using equation (16).
Figure BDA0002902758170000131
In the formula S mean Is the average effective displacement, referred to herein simply as the average displacement; s i 、S i-1 Respectively expressed as i and i-1 moments of cylinder vibration displacement. S mean IMEP can be described linearly, and a linear corresponding relation exists between the IMEP and the IMEP, and the relation can be stored in a control system chart.
And (3) reading a vibration response signal (displacement, speed and acceleration) simulated by the vibration response model in real time according to a vibration characteristic parameter extraction formula (16), judging whether the mover moves to the top dead center position of an engine cylinder by taking the moving speed or the displacement of the mover as a reference signal, judging the combustion peak pressure position in the cylinder by taking a mover movement acceleration peak position signal, extracting the vibration response signal from the top dead center to the peak pressure period, and calculating a vibration characteristic parameter corresponding to the combustion period based on the formula (16).
(2) Characteristic parameter feedback
And feeding back the calculated vibration characteristic parameters to the input end of the control system based on the linear relation between the vibration characteristic parameters and the IMEP, and carrying out interpolation calculation according to the corresponding chart relation between the vibration characteristic parameters and the IMEP to obtain the real-time in-cylinder combustion IMEP.
(3) FPLG control parameter adjustment
Analysis shows that in order to ensure stable operation of the FPLG, the in-cylinder combustion IMEP and the target output electric quantity of the FPLG also have approximate linear relation, the IMEP and target electric quantity relation corresponding to the corresponding FPLG is obtained, the relation is stored in a control system, and the control system calculates the target output electric quantity of the FPLG based on the real-time IMEP value and the in-cylinder combustion IMEP and FPLG target output electric quantity linear relation. And the FPLG target output electric quantity is adjusted by adjusting the relevant parameters of the electromagnetic force in the model.
The FPLG vibration response simulation model and the control part simulation model are constructed as shown in figure 3.
The following further introduces the dynamic characteristic simulation and result extraction analysis under different working conditions
1) Result extraction
Based on the FPLG system vibration response simulation model, motion curves such as the motion speed, the displacement and the acceleration of a system rotor can be extracted, vibration displacement, speed and acceleration curves of the surface of a cylinder cover can be extracted, and changes of simulated in-cylinder pressure, friction force and electromagnetic force can also be extracted, so that the relation between excitation and vibration response and the relation between IMEP and target generating capacity in stable operation can be obtained. For example, a comparison curve of three-mass vibration displacement response signals obtained by simulation of a certain FPLG engine is shown in a figure 4, and a relation between IMEP and target power generation is shown in a figure 5.
2) IMEP and target power generation amount relation analysis and vibration response and excitation relation analysis
In order to realize stable operation of the FPLG, excitation and target electric quantity relations need to be obtained. Different combustion conditions are set in the model, and corresponding target power generation capacity coefficients are modified to enable the FPLG system to stably operate. Then, in-cylinder pressure signals and target power generation values under different combustion conditions are extracted, the relation between the characteristic parameters of the in-cylinder pressure signals and the target power generation amount is analyzed, research shows that IMEP extracted from the in-cylinder pressure signals and the target power generation amount are approximately linear, according to simulation data of different combustion conditions, relation curves or corresponding data tables of the IMEP and the target power generation amount are obtained, and the relation is stored in a model control module. And extracting vibration response signals under different working conditions, calculating vibration response characteristic parameters according to a formula (16), determining the vibration response characteristic parameters, an IMEP relation curve and a corresponding data table, storing the relation in a model control module, further establishing a relation curve between the cylinder cover surface vibration signals and target power generation capacity, and realizing the adjustment of the target power generation capacity based on the cylinder cover surface vibration signals.
Example two
It is an object of this embodiment to provide a computing device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of the method when executing the program.
EXAMPLE III
An object of the present embodiment is to provide a computer-readable storage medium.
A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the above-mentioned method.
Example four
The present embodiment aims at providing a vibration signal-based FPLG control strategy simulation model construction system, which includes:
the FPLG vibration response simulation model establishing module is used for establishing a FPLG vibration response simulation model so as to simulate a surface vibration signal of an FPLG cylinder cover and analyze an in-cylinder combustion process by using the vibration signal;
and the FPLG control strategy simulation model establishing module is used for establishing a FPLG control strategy simulation model of the vibration signal based on the FPLG vibration response simulation model so as to extract vibration characteristic parameters, feed back the characteristic parameters and adjust the FPLG control parameters.
The excitation simulation and rotor motion simulation part model has the functions of simulating the motion of the rotor in the FPLG operation process, and the excitation borne by the system comprises the pressure in a cylinder, the friction force and the electromagnetic force generated by a motor. On the one hand, the excitation simulation and rotor movement simulation part model can simulate the excitation generated in the operation process of the FPLG system, the excitation comprises in-cylinder pressure, friction force and electromagnetic force generated by a motor, the excitation magnitude and variation determine vibration response signals of all parts of the FPLG system, and therefore, the result of the excitation simulation and rotor movement simulation part model is the input of the vibration response simulation model. On the other hand, the excitation simulation and rotor motion simulation partial models can simulate rotor motion, whether the operation of the FPLG system is stable or not can be observed through rotor motion simulation, and then a basis is provided for analyzing whether the control strategy of the FPLG system is effective or not.
The function of the vibration response simulation model is: according to the basic theory of mechanical vibration, the vibration response of different parts of the FPLG system is simulated. The FPLG system is divided into three parts, namely a left side cylinder, a right side cylinder and a middle motor, the three parts are simplified into three mass models, stress analysis is carried out on the three mass models, the left side cylinder part and the right side cylinder part are mainly under the action of in-cylinder pressure, elastic force and damping force, and the motor is mainly under the action of electromagnetic force, friction force, elastic force and damping force. According to the mathematical differential equation of the vibration response, the excitations obtained by exciting the simulation part model act on the three masses respectively, and then the vibration speed, the acceleration and the displacement response signals of the three parts can be obtained. The vibration response simulation model part is mainly used for simulating vibration response signals of different parts of the FPLG system, the excitation of the vibration response simulation model part is from the excitation simulation part and the rotor motion simulation part, and the generated vibration response signal result is the input of the vibration characteristic parameter extraction and control part model.
The vibration characteristic parameter extraction and control part has the functions of extracting the characteristic parameters of the vibration response signals, obtaining the size of the control parameters according to the MAP graph relation between the characteristic parameters of the vibration response signals and the control parameters, and feeding the control parameters back to the excitation simulation and rotor motion simulation model part to realize the control of the motion of the rotor, wherein the relation graph of each part is shown in figure 7.
The method comprises the following steps:
firstly, according to the structure and operation characteristics of the FPLG system, the related structure and operation parameters of the system are set, the deterministic parameters such as the structure parameters can be set as constants, and the parameters for simulating the actual combustion cycle variation such as the charge coefficient and the shape system in the combustion Weber function can be set as variables, and a certain initial value is given, and the variables are set to change according to a certain rule so as to simulate the combustion cycle variation. Meanwhile, the electromagnetic coefficient can be set as a variable, a certain initial value is given, and then the value of the electromagnetic coefficient is adjusted according to the real-time combustion condition.
After the parameters are set, the button is operated, the excitation simulation model and the rotor motion simulation model can be operated, the system excitation and rotor motion change is output according to the set related structure and operation parameters, the result is input into the vibration response simulation model in real time, and the vibration response simulation model can output the vibration response curves of the three parts of the system in real time.
According to a real-time vibration response curve and a vibration characteristic parameter extraction and control part model, a rotor speed or displacement is taken as a reference, a cylinder cover surface vibration response signal corresponding to a current combustion period is intercepted, a characteristic parameter corresponding to describing average indicated pressure is extracted according to the vibration response signal so as to determine the current circulating combustion quality, a MAP (MAP) graph is corresponding to the vibration characteristic parameter and the electromagnetic coefficient, a corresponding electromagnetic coefficient in the circulating combustion state is determined, the electromagnetic coefficient is fed back to an excitation simulation and rotor motion simulation model, electromagnetic force output is adjusted according to the combustion condition, and accordingly control over the FProtor LG motion is achieved. And meanwhile, after the electromagnetic coefficient is adjusted, the motion of the rotor is adjusted, and whether the FPLG system runs stably or not can be judged by observing the motion of the rotor.
If the system operation is basically stable, it indicates that the control strategy is effective, and if the system operation is unstable, it is necessary to adjust the control strategy, for example, to adjust the control parameters or adjust the feedback parameters and the control parameter MAP, or to change the control method (for example, adaptive control method).
The model is divided into three parts, and the three parts can be operated together or separately.
For example, when the operating characteristics and the excitation relation of the FPLG are uncertain, the excitation simulation model and the mover motion simulation model can be operated independently, and the connection line between the excitation simulation model and the other two simulation model parts is cut off. The partial model can provide basis for FPLG movement characteristic analysis.
For another example, before the control strategy is determined, the excitation simulation and mover motion simulation part model and the vibration response simulation model can be combined, and the vibration characteristic parameter extraction and control part model is independent (the model and the connecting line of the other two models are removed without operation). The combustion condition in the excitation simulation model and the rotor motion simulation model is changed, a vibration response signal generated corresponding to the combustion condition is simulated, the characteristic parameter of the vibration response signal is extracted, the relation between the characteristic parameter of the vibration response signal and IMEP describing the combustion condition is obtained, the stable operation of the rotor is realized by adjusting the motor parameters (such as electromagnetic force coefficients) of the excitation simulation model and the rotor motion simulation model, and then a MAP (MAP) graph of the relation between the vibration response signal and the electromagnetic force coefficients is obtained, so that a basis is provided for the formulation of a control strategy.
Of course, the three partial models may also be run in combination to verify that the control strategy is feasible.
In addition, it should be noted that: each part of the model can be developed and adjusted according to simulation requirements.
The three parts forming the model can be properly adjusted according to the requirements of users. For example, excitation simulation and rotor motion simulation model parts mainly comprise excitation simulation and rotor motion simulation, and if the precision requirement of a user is not high, the influence of friction on system operation is considered to be negligible, and then the friction operation module can be directly deleted. If the precision requirement of the user is high, and the friction force module needs to improve the precision, the empirical formula or the friction force value in the friction force simulation module can be modified according to the requirement. And like the in-cylinder pressure simulation module, parameters, formulas and the like in the model can be added or deleted or modified according to requirements. In the vibration response simulation module, the excitation acting on different masses, the excitation size or proportion and the like can be adjusted, and the number of degrees of freedom can be adjusted. The vibration characteristic parameter extraction and control part of the model can adjust and modify corresponding sub-modules according to a control method.
The steps involved in the apparatuses of the above second, third and fourth embodiments correspond to the first embodiment of the method, and the detailed description thereof can be found in the relevant description section of the first embodiment. The term "computer-readable storage medium" should be taken to include a single medium or multiple media containing one or more sets of instructions; it should also be understood to include any medium that is capable of storing, encoding or carrying a set of instructions for execution by a processor and that cause the processor to perform any of the methods of the present disclosure.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules or steps of the present disclosure described above can be implemented using general purpose computer means, or alternatively, they can be implemented using program code executable by computing means, whereby the modules or steps may be stored in memory means for execution by the computing means, or separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps thereof may be fabricated into a single integrated circuit module. The present disclosure is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present disclosure by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.
Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (5)

1. A vibration signal-based FPLG control strategy simulation model construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
establishing a FPLG vibration response simulation model for simulating a surface vibration signal of an FPLG cylinder cover so as to analyze an in-cylinder combustion process by using the vibration signal;
establishing a FPLG control strategy simulation model of a vibration signal based on the FPLG vibration response simulation model, wherein the FPLG control strategy simulation model is used for extracting vibration characteristic parameters, feeding back the characteristic parameters and adjusting the FPLG control parameters;
the FPLG vibration response simulation model modeling steps are as follows:
determining a mass element, a damping element and an elastic element of the vibration system according to the structural characteristics of the FPLG and the functions of each structure in the vibration process of the system;
determining the degree of freedom of the system according to the number of mass elements of the system;
carrying out stress analysis on the masses of each part in the corresponding direction, dividing the force borne by each part of mass after dividing the FPLG system according to the structural characteristics, and then determining a system vibration response differential equation according to a Newton's second law or an energy conservation principle;
after a system vibration response differential equation is determined, system parameters including mass, rigidity and damping value of the system are determined, wherein the system mass is determined according to actual FPLG structure parameters or obtained by weighing parts; the rigidity of the spring element is obtained or measured by referring to an empirical formula; the magnitude of the damping value is approximately determined according to the damping ratio, and the system damping ratio is obtained according to experiments;
in the FPLG vibration response simulation model, a surface vibration signal of the FPLG cylinder cover needs to be loaded on an excitation of the FPLG system, and simulation is carried out according to the variation of a mover motion parameter and a system parameter based on the excitation loaded on the FPLG system, so that an excitation simulation model is constructed;
the excitation simulation model construction specifically comprises the following steps:
the electromagnetic force simulation is used for simulating the electromagnetic force generated by the linear motor in the operation process;
the simulation of the friction force is used for simulating the friction in the operation process of the FPLG system, and mainly comprises three parts, namely the friction force of piston rings and cylinder walls of a left cylinder and a right cylinder and the friction force consumed by the motion of a motor;
establishing an in-cylinder pressure simulation model based on that the change of the in-cylinder pressure depends on combustion, heat transfer, compression, ventilation and air leakage of the internal combustion engine;
simulating the motion of the rotor based on the correlation between the simulation of the pressure, the friction force and the electromagnetic force in the cylinder and the motion of the rotor, and forming a dynamic simulation model by coupling the excitation acting on the rotor;
in the FPLG control strategy simulation model, the characteristic parameter extraction process is as follows: and reading the vibration response signals including displacement, speed and acceleration corresponding to the FPLG vibration response simulation model in real time according to a vibration characteristic parameter extraction formula, and calculating the vibration characteristic parameters corresponding to the combustion time period based on the vibration response signals.
2. The method for constructing the FPLG control strategy simulation model based on the vibration signal as claimed in claim 1, wherein the extracted vibration characteristic parameters can reflect the mean indicated pressure IMEP corresponding to the combustion period;
feeding back the calculated vibration characteristic parameters to the input end of the control system based on the linear relation between the vibration characteristic parameters and the IMEP, and carrying out interpolation calculation according to the corresponding chart relation between the vibration characteristic parameters and the IMEP to obtain real-time in-cylinder combustion IMEP;
according to the further technical scheme, the FPLG control parameter is adjusted specifically as follows: based on the linear relation between in-cylinder combustion IMEP and FPLG target output electric quantity and a real-time IMEP value, the control system calculates the FPLG target output electric quantity and realizes the FPLG target output electric quantity adjustment by adjusting electromagnetic force parameters in a model.
3. A vibration signal-based FPLG control strategy simulation model building system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the FPLG vibration response simulation model establishing module is used for establishing an FPLG vibration response simulation model so as to simulate a surface vibration signal of an FPLG cylinder cover and analyze an in-cylinder combustion process by using the vibration signal;
the FPLG control strategy simulation model establishing module is used for establishing a FPLG control strategy simulation model of a vibration signal based on the FPLG vibration response simulation model so as to extract vibration characteristic parameters, feed back the characteristic parameters and adjust the FPLG control parameters;
the FPLG vibration response simulation model modeling steps are as follows:
determining a mass element, a damping element and an elastic element of the vibration system according to the structural characteristics of the FPLG and the functions of each structure in the vibration process of the system;
determining the degree of freedom of the system according to the number of mass elements of the system;
carrying out stress analysis on the masses of each part in the corresponding direction, dividing the force borne by each part of mass after dividing the FPLG system according to the structural characteristics, and then determining a system vibration response differential equation according to a Newton's second law or an energy conservation principle;
after a system vibration response differential equation is determined, system parameters including mass, rigidity and damping value of the system are determined, wherein the system mass is determined according to actual FPLG structure parameters or obtained by weighing parts; the rigidity of the spring element is obtained or measured by referring to an empirical formula; the magnitude of the damping value is approximately determined according to the damping ratio, and the system damping ratio is obtained according to experiments;
in the FPLG vibration response simulation model, a surface vibration signal of an FPLG cylinder cover needs to be loaded on an FPLG system for excitation, simulation is carried out according to the motion parameters of a rotor and the change of system parameters based on the excitation loaded on the FPLG system, and an excitation simulation model is constructed;
the excitation simulation model construction specifically comprises the following steps:
the electromagnetic force simulation is used for simulating the electromagnetic force generated by the linear motor in the operation process;
the simulation of the friction force is used for simulating the friction in the operation process of the FPLG system and mainly comprises three parts, namely the friction force of piston rings and cylinder walls of a left cylinder and a right cylinder and the friction force consumed by the movement of a motor;
establishing an in-cylinder pressure simulation model based on that the change of the in-cylinder pressure depends on combustion, heat transfer, compression, ventilation and air leakage of the internal combustion engine;
simulating the motion of the rotor based on the correlation between the simulation of the pressure, the friction force and the electromagnetic force in the cylinder and the motion of the rotor, and forming a dynamic simulation model by coupling the excitation acting on the rotor;
in the FPLG control strategy simulation model, the characteristic parameter extraction process is as follows: and reading the vibration response signals including displacement, speed and acceleration corresponding to the FPLG vibration response simulation model in real time according to a vibration characteristic parameter extraction formula, and calculating the vibration characteristic parameters corresponding to the combustion time period based on the vibration response signals.
4. A computing device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the steps of the method of any of claims 1-2 are performed by the processor when the program is executed by the processor.
5. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, is adapted to carry out the steps of the method according to any one of the preceding claims 1-2.
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