CN112816691B - 一种人卵母细胞质量评价的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种人卵母细胞质量评价的方法,通过对卵泡液蛋白质成分的分析,获取差异的蛋白质表达情况,进一步通过酶联免疫实验,研究发现了CD5L可以作为人卵母细胞发育成熟度与发育潜能的评价蛋白质。
Description
【技术领域】
本发明涉及生殖医学技术领域,具体涉及一种人卵母细胞质量评价的方法。
【背景技术】
我国不孕症患者目前已经占到育龄人口的12.5%,人数已经超过4000万,并呈现出快速增长的趋势。辅助生殖技术(assisted reproductive technology,ART)为不孕症患者带来了诞生新生命体的希望,然而在体外受精(in vitro fertilization,IVF)中,近80%的胚胎着床失败,为提高成功率,各生殖中心进行多胚胎移植,由此多胎妊娠随之增加,而多胎妊娠出生的新生儿早产、死产、低出生体重、出生缺陷及母亲高血压等并发症均较自然受孕高。因此,准确预测卵母细胞的发育潜能,挑选出优质卵母细胞进行IVF,进而选出单个胚胎进行移植对提高IVF妊娠结局、孕育健康子代具有重大意义。
获得具有良好发育潜能的卵母细胞是人类现代辅助生殖技术(ART)中相当重要的一环,它直接决定了是否能够获得优质的胚胎以供后续移植。目前形态学方法是评估卵母细胞发育潜能最常用的方法,主要采取卵丘卵母细胞复合体(cumulus-oocyte complexes,COCs)形态、第一极体形态、卵周隙大小、胞质形态、纺锤体形态学等判断卵母细胞质量。目前,已有相关的研究,例如中国专利申请CN201811414043一种分析卵泡液代谢物与卵母细胞质量之间关系的方法,所述方法包括比较卵巢储备功能低下受试者与健康受试者的卵泡液代谢物的组成,通过代谢组学分析,筛选特征生物标志物,明确卵泡液代谢标志物组与卵母细胞质量间关系,建立了更加客观的、无创的卵母细胞质量评估方法。又例如中国专利申请CN201811411930一种用于评价卵母细胞质量的组合物及试剂盒,提供了一种包括N-乙酰-D-色氨酸和亚牛磺酸的组合物以及一种卵母细胞质量评价试剂盒,所述组合物用作卵母细胞质量评价系统中的标准品,通过比较卵泡液中N-乙酰-D-色氨酸、亚牛磺酸与所述组合物中相应组分的含量来评价卵母细胞的质量。可以此为依据为IVF-ET技术挑选优质的卵母细胞,获得较高质量的胚胎进行移植,从而增加妊娠率,降低流产率,对孕育健康子代具有重大意义。
然而,由于外源性促排卵药物的使用,取卵手术获得的卵母细胞容易发生核成熟和细胞质成熟不同步的状况。这些卵母细胞虽然从形态学上看似已经成熟,但其发育潜能较低,受精后的囊胚发育率和种植率也较低。核质不同步的卵母细胞从形态学上看已经成熟,但实际上质量较差,因此,也就更容易导致受精失败、胚胎发育缺陷、流产等的不良结局。
【发明内容】
针对现有技术中取卵手术获得的卵母细胞容易发生核成熟和细胞质成熟不同步的不足,本发明提供了一种人卵母细胞质量评价的方法,通过对卵泡液蛋白质成分的分析,获取差异的蛋白质表达情况,再通过酶联免疫实验,以CD5L作为人卵母细胞发育质量与发育潜能的评价蛋白质。
一种人卵母细胞质量评价的方法,包括如下步骤:
1)收集一批进行取卵手术的ART患者的成熟卵母细胞卵泡液和未成熟卵母细胞卵泡液,鉴定成熟卵母细胞卵泡液和未成熟卵母细胞卵泡液中的蛋白质;
2)通过IPeak和IQuant软件从步骤1)鉴定的蛋白质中挑选出表达上调或表达下调,并且差异具有统计学意义的蛋白质,对鉴定到的所有蛋白质进行功能注释与分类分析;
3)从步骤2)挑选出的蛋白质中,通过酶联免疫吸附剂测定(ELISA)筛选出前列腺酸性磷酸酶(prostatic acid phosphatase,ACPP,P15309)和CD5样蛋白(CD5 antigen-like,CD5L,O43866)在成熟卵(MII)卵泡液、未成熟(Gv)卵泡液中存在差异表达;
4)另外收集一批进行取卵手术的ART患者的卵母细胞卵泡液,根据卵母细胞质量分为对照组(control,CON)和卵巢反应低下组(poor ovarian response,POR),比较CD5L在对照组和卵巢反应低下组的卵泡液蛋白质差异表达,如CD5L在卵巢反应低下组显著降低,则将CD5L用于评估人卵母细胞质量。
本发明中:
步骤1)所述的鉴定卵母细胞卵泡液中的蛋白质,是通过iTRAQ-2DLC-MS/MS技术鉴定卵母细胞卵泡液中的蛋白质,即通过同位素标记相对和绝对定量技术(iTRAQ)结合二维液相色谱-串联质谱(2DLC-MS/MS)技术鉴定卵母细胞卵泡液中的蛋白质。
步骤2)所述的挑选出表达上调或表达下调,并且差异具有统计学意义的蛋白质,是挑选出组间比值≥1.2(表达上调)或≤0.8(表达下调),并且P<0.05的蛋白质。
步骤2)所述的对鉴定到的所有蛋白质进行功能注释与分类分析,是对鉴定到的所有蛋白质进行GO、KEGG、KOG和COG等数据库的功能注释与分类分析,以比值≥1.2(表达上调)或≤0.8(表达下调),并且P<0.05为限,再次对差异表达蛋白进行GO、KEGG、聚类分析和蛋白-蛋白相互作用分析。
步骤4)所述的比较CD5L在对照组和卵巢反应低下组的卵泡液蛋白质差异表达,是为了明确CD5L差异蛋白质是否与卵母细胞的发育潜能相关。
和现有技术相比,本发明具有如下优点:
1、卵母细胞位于卵泡腔内,腔内充满卵泡液。卵泡液中的许多成分(蛋白质、细胞生长因子、肽类激素、类固醇、能量代谢产物等),都随着卵母细胞的生长发育发生动态变化,对卵母细胞的成熟起到正向或负向调控的作用。本发明所述的一种人卵母细胞质量评价的方法,通过对卵泡液蛋白质成分的分析,获取差异的蛋白质表达情况,进一步通过酶联免疫实验,研究发现了CD5L可以作为人卵母细胞发育成熟度与发育潜能的评价蛋白质。
2、现应用的卵母细胞评估标准仅从形态学(极体是否排出,胞浆内是否有生殖泡)来判断卵母细胞是否成熟。但是因为外源性雌激素促排药物的应用,很多临床获取的卵母细胞虽然从形态学上看似已经成熟,但实质上胞浆与核成熟不同步,质量较差。本发明所述的一种人卵母细胞质量评价的方法从分子层面出发,应用蛋白组学及分子生物学技术,获得了CD5L作为人卵母细胞发育成熟度的评价蛋白质,较原有的形态学观察更为客观,准确度和灵敏度更高,也更符合卵母细胞的成熟机理。
3、卵母细胞质量与女性年龄、抗苗勒管激素、窦卵泡个数等卵巢储备关键因子相关联。本发明所述的一种人卵母细胞质量评价的方法引入卵巢反应低下人群,进一步确认CD5L不仅可以作为卵母细胞发育成熟度的指标,更能作为卵母细胞发育潜能的评价蛋白质。
【附图说明】
图1是本发明实施例中聚类分析成熟、未成熟卵泡液蛋白质的表达趋势的图。
图2是本发明实施例中String分析差异蛋白间形成蛋白相互作用网络的图。
图3是本发明实施例中上调、下调蛋白的GO注释柱形图.
图4是本发明实施例中差异蛋白的Pathway富集条目的图。
图5是本发明实施例中通过ELISA验证前列腺酸性磷酸酶和CD5样蛋白在成熟MII和未成熟Gv卵泡液中存在差异表达情况的图。
图6是本发明实施例中CD5L在对照组和卵巢反应低下组的卵泡液蛋白质差异表达情况的图。
【具体实施方式】
以下结合实施例对本发明的具体实施方式做进一步说明。
实施例:
一种人卵母细胞质量评价的方法,包括如下步骤:
1)收集一批(22人)进行取卵手术的ART患者的成熟卵母细胞卵泡液和未成熟卵母细胞卵泡液,其中一批(4人)通过iTRAQ-2DLC-MS/MS技术鉴定卵母细胞卵泡液中的蛋白质,共鉴定出了333个蛋白质;
2)通过IPeak和IQuant软件挑选出组间比值≥1.2(表达上调)或≤0.8(表达下调),并且P<0.05的蛋白质共27个,其中成熟组下调的差异蛋白21个(>1.2倍,P<0.05),上调的6个(<0.8倍,P<0.05);对鉴定到的所有蛋白质进行GO、KEGG、KOG和COG等数据库的功能注释与分类分析,以比值≥1.2(表达上调)或≤0.8(表达下调),并且P<0.05为限,再次对差异表达蛋白进行GO、KEGG、聚类分析和蛋白-蛋白相互作用分析;
3)在差异的27个蛋白质中,通过ELISA筛选出前列腺酸性磷酸酶(prostatic acidphosphatase,ACPP,P15309)和CD5样蛋白(CD5 antigen-like,CD5L,O43866)在成熟MII和未成熟Gv卵泡液中存在差异表达(参见附图1);
4)另外收集一批(62人)进行取卵手术的ART患者的卵母细胞卵泡液,根据卵母细胞质量分为对照组(control,CON)和卵巢反应低下组(poor ovarian response,POR),比较CD5L在对照组和卵巢反应低下组的卵泡液蛋白质差异表达,结果表明,CD5L在POR组显著降低(参见附图2),其可用于评估人卵母细胞质量。
实验例:
1 对象和方法
1.1 研究对象的纳入
本研究收集年龄在20-44周岁,月经规律,周期28-32天,基础内分泌正常,无内分泌/免疫和代谢性疾病,无肺结核/肝肾疾病,无吸烟酗酒史,术前3个月内未接受激素治疗,由于男方因素接受辅助生殖技术助孕(例如体外受精:in vitro fertilization,IVF;卵胞浆内单精子显微注射:intracytoplasmic sperm injection,ICSI)的病例。
2017年11月至2019年12月期间,留取ICSI患者的成熟和未成熟卵母细胞卵泡液,分为成熟卵母细胞组(MII组,22例)和未成熟卵母细胞组(Gv组,22例)(每例患者均收集成熟和未成熟卵母细胞2份卵泡液,平均30.32±2.38岁)。同时收集2018年12月至2019年12月接受IVF治疗的患者共62例,分为对照组(CON组,30例,平均32.30±4.15岁)和卵巢反应低下组(POR组,32例,平均34.56±4.72岁)。
选取符合上述标准的患者进行卵泡液留取,在接受IVF/ICSI治疗取卵时,收集第一管淡黄色、无血、近透明卵泡穿刺液(卵泡直径>16mm),显微镜下确认有MII期卵母细胞存在。3000r/min离心15min,分离上层卵泡液分装编号,标记为成熟卵母细胞卵泡液。同时,收集卵泡直径<10mm的卵泡液,标记为未成熟卵母细胞卵泡液。卵泡液收集即刻,3000g离心15min,留取上清卵泡液,1mL分装置于-80℃冰箱中保存待用。本研究通过了杭州市妇产科医院(杭州市第一人民医院钱江新城院区)伦理委员会的审批,并在每次取样前获得了患者的知情同意。
同时收集患者临床资料、检测指标以及卵母细胞形态学评估原始数据,病例采纳后分组编号,建立完整系统的病例数据库。同时对病例进行定时随访,记录患者临床妊娠、流产、多胎妊娠等数据。
1.2 卵泡液蛋白质的提取
由于每一位患者均收集成熟卵母细胞卵泡液和未成熟卵母细胞卵泡液,本研究极大限度的排除了个体差异。选取4名患者的MII组和Gv组卵泡液用于iTRAQ-2DLC-MS/MS 8标检测。加入5倍体积纯净冷丙酮,在-20℃沉淀至少2h。30000g离心15min除上清。简单风干沉淀中残余丙酮,加入Lysis Buffer 500μL,冰浴超声15min。4℃条件下30000g离心15min,取上清。加入终浓度10mM的DTT,37℃水浴2h。加入终浓度55mM的IAM,暗室放置45min。用12%的SDS-PAGE检测蛋白量。
1.3 蛋白组学检测卵母细胞质量评估特异性蛋白质
取每个样本100μg,加入Trypsin酶,涡旋振荡后,低速离心1min,37℃孵育4h后,再次加入同等酶量,37℃孵育8h或以上,真空冷冻抽干,完成蛋白质酶解。用0.2M TEAB处理,再用iTRAQ试剂标记各组。标记时,每组样品对应一个分子量,MII组4个样本分别标记为113、114、115、116m/z,Gv组4个样本分别标记为117、118、119、121。
将iTRAQ标记的样品混合物加入高pH反相色谱柱(Phenomenex,Gemini-NX 3uC18110A,150x2.00mm)中洗脱。收集并冻干16个组分用于下一步LC-MS分析。用包含0.1%甲酸的2%乙腈重悬冻干的肽段,再使样本溶液流过C18自旋柱(Acclaim PepMap 75um×150mm,C18,3um,),用nanoLC系统(Dionex Ultimate 3000RSLCnano)联机分析。采用100%流动相A(0.1%甲酸、2%乙腈和98%水)脱盐5min,流速3μL/min。然后,用梯度的流动相A(0.1%甲酸)洗脱到流动相B(80%乙腈、0.1%甲酸),流速300nL/min,洗脱65min,分析柱(Acclaim PepMap 75μm×15cm C18-CL,3μm/>)。采用IDA质谱技术分析数据,使用2.2kV的离子喷雾电压获得数据。在350-1800m/z的扫描范围内获得MS谱,分辨率为70000,最大注入时间60ms,接着在100ms内选择20个丰度最高的离子。串联质谱以17500的分辨率记录。
通过IPeak和IQuant软件对MS/MS结果进行蛋白鉴定和定量。只有global FDR≤1%并且≥1个肽段被鉴定到的蛋白会进入下游分析。从中挑选出组间比值≥1.2(表达上调)或≤0.8(表达下调),并且P<0.05的蛋白质作为差异蛋白质,获得成熟卵母细胞的卵泡液差异蛋白质质谱。
1.4 生物信息学分析
对鉴定到的所有蛋白质进行GO、KEGG、KOG和COG等数据库的功能注释与分类分析。其次,以比值≥1.2(表达上调)或≤0.8(表达下调),并且P<0.05为限,再次对差异表达蛋白进行GO、KEGG、聚类分析和蛋白-蛋白相互作用分析等。
1.5 酶联免疫实验
实验采用人PAP(ACPP)ELISA试剂盒(ab267802;Abcam,Cambridge,MA,USA;SwissProt:P15309,人CD5L/CT-2ELISA试剂盒(ab213760;Abcam,Cambridge,MA,USA;SwissProt:O43866)。检测ACPP蛋白时以1:100稀释卵泡液,检测CD5L时不进行稀释。室温平衡30min后,配置标准曲线,每孔加50μL样本液或标准液,再加入50μL抗体混合液。室温平衡1h,每孔350μL洗涤液洗涤3次,每次2min,甩干。加入100μL显色液室温避光孵育10min左右,最后加入100μL终止液,于450nm波长下度数,记录OD值。根据标准曲线换算获得各样本蛋白浓度。
1.6 统计学分析
参数数据通过t检验进行分析,非参数数据通过Mann-Whitney U检验进行分析。使用MedCalc软件(Version 12.4.2.0,Belgium)计算ROC曲线。数据统计通过SPSS软件(Chicago,IL,version18.0),P<0.05被认为有显著差异。
2 结果:
2.1 生物信息学结果
研究人员通过iTRAQ-2DLC-MS/MS技术共鉴定出了333个蛋白质。通过IPeak和IQuant软件挑选出组间比值≥1.2(表达上调)或≤0.8(表达下调),并且P<0.05的蛋白质共27个(表1),其中成熟组下调的差异蛋白21个(>1.2倍,P<0.05),上调的6个(<0.8倍,P<0.05)。
表1.iTRAQ-2DLC-MS/MS筛选获得差异蛋白质表达改变情况
聚类分析表现了成熟/未成熟卵泡液差异蛋白质的表达趋势(图1),并且MII期和Gv期卵母细胞能够通过聚类很好的区分,也从侧面说明iTRAQ-2DLC-MS/MS技术的可靠性与可重复性。String分析结果表明差异蛋白间可形成蛋白相互作用网络(图2),有助于后续验证及功能研究。
我们利用GO数据库对蛋白进行细胞成分,分子功能和生物过程的注释。发现差异蛋白多聚集于细胞外区域(25个蛋白质)、调节生物过程(26个蛋白质)和转运(18个蛋白质)。进一步根据差异蛋白质中上调/下调的不同,绘制了上/下调蛋白的GO注释柱形图(图3)。结果发现,上调/下调两个调节方向中,具有明显比例差异的二级功能是迁移力(locomotion)和生物学黏附(biological adhesion),说明差异表达上调蛋白与下调蛋白的富集趋势不同,而迁移力和生物学黏附可能与卵母细胞成熟相关。
我们利用KEGG数据库进行信号转导通路分析。然后,将差异蛋白质和作为背景的全体鉴定蛋白相比较,在差异蛋白的Pathway富集分析中,利用超几何检验找出显著富集的Pathway条目(图4)。进一步采用Fisher精确检验进行差异表达蛋白的KEGG通路富集分析。结果发现吞噬体(phagosome)可能是调控卵母细胞成熟的重要一环。
2.2 卵母细胞成熟特异性标志物的验证
在27个鉴定到的差异蛋白质中,本专利通过ELISA检测验证了前列腺酸性磷酸酶(prostatic acid phosphatase,ACPP,P15309)和CD5样蛋白(CD5 antigen-like,CD5L,O43866)。结果发现ACPP在MII组中显著升高(P<0.0001,图5),CD5L在MII组中显著降低(P<0.0001,图5)。结果表明,卵泡液ACPP和CD5L蛋白质水平可以作为判定卵母细胞是否成熟的特异性标志物。
2.3 卵母细胞质量特异性标志物的验证
研究人员进一步在大样本量(n=62,图6)成熟卵卵泡液中检测了ACPP和CD5L的水平,发现CD5L在POR组中显著升高(P<0.0001),而ACPP无显著性差异(P>0.05)。并且通过MedCalc软件绘制的CD5L蛋白ROC曲线的灵敏度90.00%,特异度93.75%,曲线下面积0.929。结果表明,卵泡液CD5L蛋白质水平不仅可以作为判定卵母细胞是否成熟的标志物,还可以作为卵母细胞质量评估的关键指标。
3 讨论
在先前的研究中,卵泡液中较高的ACPP水平与卵母细胞分裂增加和排卵有关。这与我们研究所示成熟卵母细胞中ACPP的水平较高不谋而同。溶血磷脂酸(Lysophosphatidic acid,LPA)被认为是卵母细胞体外成熟过程中的重要因素,而ACPP可使LPA灭活。我们认为在成熟的MII卵母细胞中,ACPP水平的升高可能起到消除LPA所致的卵母细胞过度成熟的作用。
据我们所知,颗粒细胞参与卵母细胞成熟的调节,而颗粒细胞凋亡率的增加可导致卵泡质量降低,从而导致卵母细胞发育潜能的降低。CD5L也被称为巨噬细胞的Spα,是一种凋亡抑制剂,可保护巨噬细胞、T细胞和NK-T细胞免受凋亡因子的侵害。此外,CD5L还通过巨噬细胞中的CD36激活自噬,从而发挥抗凋亡的作用。在卵泡颗粒细胞中,抑制CD36可增加颗粒细胞增殖并减少凋亡,而过表达CD36颗抑制颗粒细胞增殖。因此,我们推测POR患者中颗粒细胞凋亡增加,导致CD5L被动增高,从而使CD5L成为可以指示卵母细胞的发育潜能降低的标志物。
综上所述,通过iTRAQ-2DLC-MS/MS技术筛选卵泡液差异蛋白质应用于卵母细胞的质量评估是一种可靠且可重复的方式。卵母细胞卵泡液中的蛋白质可以影响卵母细胞的发育,卵泡液CD5L蛋白质水平不仅可以作为判定卵母细胞是否成熟的标志物,还可以作为卵母细胞质量评估的关键指标。
上述说明是针对本发明较佳可行实施例的详细说明,但实施例并非用以限定本发明的专利申请范围,凡本发明所提示的技术精神下所完成的同等变化或修饰变更,均应属于本发明所涵盖专利范围。
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1.卵泡液CD5样蛋白作为标志物在评价人卵母细胞是否成熟中的应用。
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