CN112816577A - 一种金线莲有效成分的检测及分析方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种金线莲有效成分的检测及分析方法，本发明通过将选取的金线莲进行水洗并晾干至叶片萎谢；然后将晾干后的金线莲在真空环境下微波干燥；再将经过微波干燥后的金线莲进行粉碎，将粉碎后的金线莲加入蒸馏水，对物质进行分离提纯，超声波提取，得到金线莲提取液；尽可能的将有效物质包含在金线莲提取液，然后再对金线莲提取液进行黄酮分析测定、挥发油分析测定，获得需要的数据，从而解决了而如何金线莲有效成分的这个难点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及金线莲分析领域，具体涉及一种金线莲有效成分的检测及分析方法。
背景技术
金线莲指金线兰、金线兰(学名：Anoectochilusroxburghii(Wall.)Lindl.)是兰科、开唇兰属植物。植株高8-18厘米。根状茎匍匐，伸长，肉质，具节，节上生根。茎直立，肉质，圆柱形，具2-4枚叶。叶片卵圆形或卵形，上面暗紫色或黑紫色，具金红色带有绢丝光泽的美丽网脉，背面淡紫红色。总状花序具2-6朵花，长3-5厘米；花白色或淡红色，不倒置(唇瓣位于上方)；萼片背面被柔毛，中萼片卵形，凹陷呈舟状；花瓣质地薄，近镰刀状。花期8-11月。分布于中国、日本、泰国、老挝、越南、印度(阿萨姆至西姆拉)、不丹至尼泊尔、孟加拉国。生长于海拔50-1600米的常绿阔叶林下或沟谷阴湿处。
中国民间历来将金线兰视作珍稀的青草药，尤喜作药膳。金线兰全草入药，性平、味甘，清热凉血、祛风利湿，主治腰膝痹痛、肾炎、支气管炎等炎症，糖尿病、吐血、血尿和小儿惊风等症。在中国民间，普遍认为金线兰对现代“三高”病症，即高血脂、高血压、高血糖症有防治的功能，常将其作防病、治病、调理人体功能的药膳。
发明人发现金线莲有清热凉血，祛风利湿，利尿的作用。外感风寒治疗不当会入里化热，引起肺热咳嗽、咳血，金线莲有清热凉血的作用，对于咳嗽，金线莲可以配伍黄芩、杏仁；对于咳血，可以配伍侧柏叶。金线莲有祛风湿，止痹痛的功效，可以治疗风湿性关节炎引起的关节疼痛，筋脉拘挛。对于上肢疼痛，金线莲配伍羌活、桑枝；对于下肢疼痛，金线草配伍独活、威灵仙。金线莲有一定的补肾作用，可以治疗肾阴虚引起的腰膝酸软、遗精。本品还有利尿作用，平时多吃油腻食物会导致脾胃湿热，脾胃湿热阻滞气机引起的小便不利，金线莲可以配合车前子同用。
金线莲中含有多种有效成分如，黄酮、多糖、有机酸等等，而如何测定这些成分是现有的一个难点。
发明内容
鉴于现有技术中存在的问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种金线莲有效成分的检测及分析方法，用以解决上述问题中的至少一个问题：
第一方面：本发明提供一种金线莲有效成分的检测及分析方法包括以下步骤：制备提取液：选取新鲜的金线莲，将选取的金线莲进行水洗并晾干至叶片萎谢；
将晾干后的金线莲在真空环境下微波干燥；
将经过微波干燥后的金线莲进行粉碎，将粉碎后的金线莲加入蒸馏水，对物质进行分离提纯，得到提纯液体；
将得到的提纯液体进行超声波提取，得到金线莲提取液；
黄酮分析测定：取部分上述金线莲提取液，采用高效液相色谱和液质联用高分辨电喷雾质谱检测分析，获得金线莲提取液中黄酮化合物的可能存在的种类；
将推测的黄酮化合物的保留时间和紫外吸收光谱分别与标准品黄酮化合物的保留时间和紫外吸收光谱进行对比，确定金线莲提取液黄酮化合物的种类；
挥发油分析测定：采用气相色谱-质谱联用对金线莲进行检测分析，所述色谱条件为：载气为氦气，进样量为1，传输线温度设为250℃，分流比1：10，升温程序设定如下：初始温度为50℃，以5℃/min升至200℃，然后再以1℃/min升至220℃，流速设为1.0mL/min；所述质谱条件为EI电离源，电子轰击离子化电压为70eV，m/z50-500，离子源温度为230℃。
优选地，所述方法还包括生物碱的分析测定：
标准曲线的绘制：取生物碱标准品用甲醇溶解制成标准溶液；利用标准溶液绘制标准曲线；
测定：吸取所述金线莲提取液进行色谱梯度洗脱；然后根据色谱梯度洗脱确定目标物质母离子后进行质谱扫描，得到金线莲提取液中生物碱含量的测定值。
优选地，在微波干燥的过程中引入缓苏工艺，所述缓苏工艺中的初始干基含水率为250％，缓苏时间为210分钟。
优选地，所述微波干燥的真空条件为：真空度为-70KPa。
优选地，所述高效液相色谱的色谱柱为C18反向色谱柱，所述色谱柱的直径为4.5mm，高度为200mm，所述C18反向色谱柱的填料粒径为3μm。
优选地，生物碱标准品用甲醇的比例溶解制成1mg/ml标准储备液，然后将标准储备液用含有甲酸的甲醇水稀释成4ng/ml、10ng/ml、20ng/ml、40ng/ml、100ng/ml、200ng/ml的标准工作溶液；然后用各生物碱测定所得的峰面积与标准工作溶液的浓度绘制标准曲线。
优选地，所述金线莲提取液包括有效物质包括以下物质：黄酮类、多糖、挥发油、有机酸、三萜类、生物碱、甾醇。
优选地，所述质谱条件为EI电离源，电子轰击离子化电压为70eV，m/z50-500，离子源温度为230℃。
有益效果：
本发明通过将选取的金线莲进行水洗并晾干至叶片萎谢；然后将晾干后的金线莲在真空环境下微波干燥；再将经过微波干燥后的金线莲进行粉碎，将粉碎后的金线莲加入蒸馏水，对物质进行分离提纯，超声波提取，得到金线莲提取液；尽可能的将有效物质包含在金线莲提取液，然后再对金线莲提取液进行黄酮分析测定、挥发油分析测定，获得需要的数据，从而解决了而如何金线莲有效成分的这个难点。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚，下面将结及本发明实施例中的，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1：
一种金线莲有效成分的测定与分析方法，包括以下步骤：
制备提取液：选取新鲜的金线莲，将选取的金线莲进行水洗并晾干至叶片萎谢；
将晾干后的金线莲在真空环境下微波干燥，在微波干燥的过程中引入缓苏工艺，所述缓苏工艺中的初始干基含水率为250％，缓苏时间为210分钟；
将经过微波干燥后的金线莲进行粉碎，将粉碎后的金线莲加入蒸馏水，对物质进行分离提纯，得到提纯液体，所述微波干燥的真空条件为：真空度为-70KPa；
将得到的提纯液体进行超声波提取，得到金线莲提取液；
黄酮分析测定：取部分上述金线莲提取液，采用高效液相色谱和液质联用高分辨电喷雾质谱检测分析，获得金线莲提取液中黄酮化合物的可能存在的种类，高效液相色谱的色谱柱为C18反向色谱柱，所述色谱柱的直径为4.5mm，高度为200mm，所述C18反向色谱柱的填料粒径为3μm；
将推测的黄酮化合物的保留时间和紫外吸收光谱分别与标准品黄酮化合物的保留时间和紫外吸收光谱进行对比，确定金线莲提取液黄酮化合物的种类；
挥发油分析测定：采用气相色谱-质谱联用对金线莲进行检测分析，所述色谱条件为：载气为氦气，进样量为1，传输线温度设为250℃，分流比1：10，升温程序设定如下：初始温度为50℃，以5℃/min升至200℃，然后再以1℃/min升至220℃，流速设为1.0mL/min；所述质谱条件为EI电离源，电子轰击离子化电压为70eV，m/z50-500，离子源温度为230℃。
生物碱的分析测定：标准曲线的绘制：取生物碱标准品用甲醇溶解制成标准溶液；利用标准溶液绘制标准曲线，生物碱标准品用甲醇的比例溶解制成1mg/ml标准储备液，然后将标准储备液用含有甲酸的甲醇水稀释成4ng/ml、10ng/ml、20ng/ml、40ng/ml、100ng/ml、200ng/ml的标准工作溶液；然后用各生物碱测定所得的峰面积与标准工作溶液的浓度绘制标准曲线；
测定：吸取所述金线莲提取液进行色谱梯度洗脱；然后根据色谱梯度洗脱确定目标物质母离子后进行质谱扫描，得到金线莲提取液中生物碱含量的测定值。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神及范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种金线莲有效成分的测定与分析方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括以下步骤：
制备提取液：选取新鲜的金线莲，将选取的金线莲进行水洗并晾干至叶片萎谢；
将晾干后的金线莲在真空环境下微波干燥；
将经过微波干燥后的金线莲进行粉碎，将粉碎后的金线莲加入蒸馏水，对物质进行分离提纯，得到提纯液体；
将得到的提纯液体进行超声波提取，得到金线莲提取液；
黄酮分析测定：取部分上述金线莲提取液，采用高效液相色谱和液质联用高分辨电喷雾质谱检测分析，获得金线莲提取液中黄酮化合物的可能存在的种类；
将推测的黄酮化合物的保留时间和紫外吸收光谱分别与标准品黄酮化合物的保留时间和紫外吸收光谱进行对比，确定金线莲提取液黄酮化合物的种类；
挥发油分析测定：采用气相色谱-质谱联用对金线莲进行检测分析，所述色谱条件为：载气为氦气，进样量为1，传输线温度设为250℃，分流比1：10，升温程序设定如下：初始温度为50℃，以5℃/min升至200℃，然后再以1℃/min升至220℃，流速设为1.0mL/min。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括生物碱的分析测定：
标准曲线的绘制：取生物碱标准品用甲醇溶解制成标准溶液；利用标准溶液绘制标准曲线；
测定：吸取所述金线莲提取液进行色谱梯度洗脱；然后根据色谱梯度洗脱确定目标物质母离子后进行质谱扫描，得到金线莲提取液中生物碱含量的测定值。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在微波干燥的过程中引入缓苏工艺，所述缓苏工艺中的初始干基含水率为250％，缓苏时间为210分钟。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述微波干燥的真空条件为：真空度为-70KPa。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述高效液相色谱的色谱柱为C18反向色谱柱，所述色谱柱的直径为4.5mm，高度为200mm，所述C18反向色谱柱的填料粒径为3μm。
6.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，生物碱标准品用甲醇的比例溶解制成1mg/ml标准储备液，然后将标准储备液用含有甲酸的甲醇水稀释成4ng/ml、10ng/ml、20ng/ml、40ng/ml、100ng/ml、200ng/ml的标准工作溶液；然后用各生物碱测定所得的峰面积与标准工作溶液的浓度绘制标准曲线。
7.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述金线莲提取液包括有效物质包括以下物质：黄酮类、多糖、挥发油、有机酸、三萜类、生物碱、甾醇。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述质谱条件为EI电离源，电子轰击离子化电压为70eV，m/z50-500，离子源温度为230℃。
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