CN112816219A - Direct-connected test bench air supply governing system - Google Patents

Direct-connected test bench air supply governing system Download PDF

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CN112816219A
CN112816219A CN202110160408.5A CN202110160408A CN112816219A CN 112816219 A CN112816219 A CN 112816219A CN 202110160408 A CN202110160408 A CN 202110160408A CN 112816219 A CN112816219 A CN 112816219A
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pipe
flow
air
mixing
overflow
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CN112816219B (en
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肖保国
游进
杨顺华
晏至辉
张磊
赵国柱
周瑜
母忠强
蒋劲
黄序
何修杰
袁勐
廖磊
张顺平
郝颜
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Institute of Aerospace Technology of China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center
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Institute of Aerospace Technology of China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center
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    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract

本发明专利公开了一种直连式试验台空气供应调节系统,具体涉及发动机地面直连式试验的技术领域。一种直连式试验台空气供应调节系统,包括掺混管、稳流管、分流管、溢流管、过渡管和溢流文氏管,掺混管连通有集气环,集气环上设有冷气接口,掺混管内设有集气腔,集气腔上开有冷气掺混孔;分流管与稳流管连接,分流管的一侧由两个并列设置的主路出口管和旁路出口管构成,主路出口管与过渡管连接,过渡管与分流管之间设有第一节流孔板,旁路出口管与溢流管连接,溢流管内设有第二节流孔板。采用本发明技术方案解决了现有的溢流段中所要求的部件价格昂贵、污染空气的流量测量存在误差的问题,可用于燃烧加热试验台亚/超声速以及高超声速等试验工况。

Figure 202110160408

The patent of the present invention discloses a direct-connected test bench air supply adjustment system, and specifically relates to the technical field of engine ground direct-connected tests. A direct-connected test bench air supply and regulation system includes a mixing pipe, a steady flow pipe, a shunt pipe, an overflow pipe, a transition pipe and an overflow venturi, the mixing pipe is connected with a gas collecting ring, and the gas collecting ring is connected to the gas collecting ring. There is a cold air interface, a gas collecting cavity is arranged in the mixing pipe, and a cold air mixing hole is opened on the gas collecting cavity; The main road outlet pipe is connected with the transition pipe, a first throttle orifice is arranged between the transition pipe and the branch pipe, the bypass outlet pipe is connected with the overflow pipe, and the overflow pipe is provided with a second throttle hole plate. The technical solution of the present invention solves the problems of expensive components required in the existing overflow section and errors in the flow measurement of polluted air, and can be used for sub-/supersonic and hypersonic test conditions of combustion heating test benches.

Figure 202110160408

Description

Direct-connected test bench air supply governing system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ground direct-connection type tests of engines, in particular to an air supply adjusting system of a direct-connection type test bed.
Background
In the ground direct-connected test, in order to simulate high-altitude high-speed working conditions, a test bed needs to provide high-temperature high-pressure air incoming flow for an engine inlet, and the supplied air is heated mainly in an electric heating or combustion heating mode. The electric heating direct-connected test bed is limited by electric heating element materials, and the total temperature of air at the outlet of the heater is generally less than 1100K; the combustion heating direct-connected test bed is limited by the combustion stability and the combustion efficiency of the heater, and the total temperature of air at the outlet of the heater is generally above 850K. Therefore, the electric heating direct-connected test bed usually carries out a sub/supersonic speed working condition test with the total temperature below 1100K, and the combustion heating direct-connected test bed usually carries out a hypersonic speed working condition test with the total temperature above 1100K.
In order to reduce the equipment construction cost and improve the use efficiency, a mixing section can be designed on the basis of the existing combustion heating direct-connected test bed, and the total temperature of air at the outlet of a combustion heater is reduced by mixing cold air, so that the test working condition range is widened, and the effect that one wind tunnel equipment can cover all test working conditions such as subsonic/supersonic speed, hypersonic speed and the like is realized.
The fired heater outlet air has not only a minimum total temperature limit, but also a minimum flow limit. At the minimum outlet flow, the lower the total temperature of the air required by the test working condition is, the larger the mixing amount of the cold air and the air flow after mixing are. When the air flow is larger than the flow required by the test working condition after mixing, an overflow device needs to be designed to discharge the redundant high-temperature air. Therefore, when the combustion heating direct-connected test bed is used for carrying out a test of working conditions with the total temperature below 1100K, the existing test bed needs to be modified, and a cold air mixing and overflow section is usually added.
At present, the design of a mixing section for widening the total temperature range of the test working condition by adding the mixing section on a combustion heating wind tunnel and a direct-connected test bed is common, but the design scheme of the mixing and overflowing section is rare. The main reason is that the scheme has the following two design difficulties: firstly, the flow of high-temperature gas entering a transition pipe is adjusted; secondly, the flow is accurately measured.
The high-temperature gas in the mixing section is divided into two paths, one path enters the test model through the transition pipe, and the other path is discharged through the overflow section. In order to meet the working condition requirements of different test models, an adjusting device needs to be designed in the overflow section to adjust the air flow entering the transition pipe, the air flow of the transition pipe after being shunted needs to be measured again, the air flow entering the transition pipe is indirectly adjusted, and the air flow of the transition pipe after being shunted needs to be measured again. Some existing solutions typically use a high temperature regulating valve to regulate the high temperature air flow and a high temperature orifice meter to measure the high temperature air flow. However, high temperature regulating valves and high temperature orifice meters are expensive and the latter need to be imported from foreign countries. For small, direct-connected test stands, this retrofit solution is costly. In addition, high temperature orifice flow meters are typically used for pure air flow measurements, and there is an error in measuring the contaminated air after the fired heater.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a direct-connected test bed air supply regulating system, which solves the problems that the components required in the existing overflow section are expensive and the flow measurement of polluted air has errors.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a direct-connected test bed air supply adjusting system comprises a mixing pipe, a flow stabilizing pipe, a flow dividing pipe, an overflow pipe, a transition pipe and an overflow Venturi which are detachably connected in sequence from left to right, wherein the cross section of the mixing pipe is horn-shaped, a gas collecting ring is communicated with the outside of the mixing pipe, a cold air interface is arranged on the gas collecting ring, a gas collecting cavity communicated with the gas collecting ring is arranged in the mixing pipe, and a plurality of cold air mixing holes are formed in the gas collecting cavity; the flow stabilizing pipe is an equal-diameter pipe, and the inner diameter of the flow stabilizing pipe is equal to the diameter of the widest part of the outlet of the mixing pipe; the inlet of shunt tubes is connected with the outlet of the flow stabilizing tube, the shunt tubes are composed of a main path outlet pipe and a bypass outlet pipe which are arranged in parallel, the main path outlet pipe is connected with a transition pipe, a first throttling pore plate is arranged between the transition pipe and the shunt tubes, the bypass outlet pipe is connected with an overflow pipe, a second throttling pore plate is arranged in the overflow pipe, and an overflow Venturi is arranged at the outlet of the overflow pipe.
The principle and the effect of the technical scheme are as follows: the hot-air of combustion heater export is connected to the mixing pipe in this scheme, and in the mixing air conditioning got into the gas collection ring through the air conditioning interface to in the air conditioning mixing hole injection mixing pipe, the gas collection chamber can carry out the hot-air of rectification back to the mixing pipe to air conditioning and mix the cooling. The cold air and the hot air in the mixing pipe enter the constant-diameter flow stabilizing pipe and are further mixed, so that the uniformity of a flow field is improved, and the temperature of each point in the constant-flow pipe is the same. The mixing air flowing through the flow stabilizing pipe respectively enters the main path outlet pipe and the bypass outlet pipe of the flow dividing pipe, and the mixing air flowing through the main path outlet pipe passes through the first throttling orifice plate and the transition pipe and then is connected with the test model to complete the test, so that the required high-temperature and high-pressure air inflow can be provided for the test model; and the mixing air flowing through the bypass outlet pipe and the overflow pipe can enter the overflow venturi after passing through the second throttling orifice plate, so that redundant mixing air is discharged into the atmosphere after the overflow flow is measured by the venturi, the measurement of the incoming flow of the mixing air entering the test model is indirectly realized, and meanwhile, the large-scale adjustment of the incoming flow of the air entering the test model is realized by the first throttling orifice plate and the second throttling orifice plate.
Furthermore, the cold air mixing holes are arranged in three rows, any row of cold air mixing holes are arranged on the sealing end face of the mixing pipe inlet, and the other two rows of cold air mixing holes are arranged on the inner wall of the mixing pipe inlet in a staggered mode.
Through the arrangement, the cold air can completely cover the inner wall of the mixing pipe, so that a cold air film is formed to prevent the hot air of the heater from ablating the wall surface of the mixing pipe.
Furthermore, the orifice plate is of a circular flat plate structure, and an orifice with the same diameter is formed in the center of the orifice plate.
Further, the air flow regulating formula in the transition pipe and the overflow pipe is as follows: assuming that the total air flow is
Figure BDA0002936357880000031
The transition duct has an air flow of
Figure BDA0002936357880000032
The overflow tube has an air flow of
Figure BDA0002936357880000033
Total pressure of the steady flow tube is P0wTotal temperature of T0The equivalent orifice area of the transition pipe (i.e., the first orifice plate) is AtestThe equivalent orifice area of the overflow pipe (i.e., the second orifice plate) is AoverThe formula of the choked flow can be obtained as follows:
Figure BDA0002936357880000034
Figure BDA0002936357880000035
further, the method for measuring the air flow in the overflow venturi comprises the following steps: total flow is measured on cold flow field of air, hydrogen, oxygen, kerosene and other supply pipelines of test bed
Figure BDA0002936357880000036
Calibrating; in the test and debugging stage, the flow passage of the transition pipe is firstly blocked by the baffle plate to lead the flow of all polluted air to flow
Figure BDA0002936357880000037
The total pressure P 'of the venturi is measured through a water-cooled venturi of the overflow pipeline'0venAccording to the flow formula:
Figure BDA0002936357880000038
can obtain constant term K of the heater and the polluted air in a mixed stateconta(ii) a During the formal test, the working condition and the mixing state of the heater are maintained, and then
Figure BDA0002936357880000039
KcontaAnd T0Opening the passage of the transition pipe when the parameters are unchanged, wherein the total pressure of the venturi pipe is measured at the moment0venThen, the flow of polluted air through the water-cooled venturi can be obtained as follows:
Figure BDA00029363578800000310
the polluted air flow entering the transition duct is then:
Figure BDA00029363578800000311
as can be seen from the formula (5), the method for measuring the overflow section water-cooling venturi combined with the cold flow calibration only needs to carry out more debugging times for completely blocking one transition pipe, and measures the total flow of the cold flow field of the supply pipeline
Figure BDA00029363578800000312
And total pressure P 'of water-cooled venturi for debugging train number'0venAnd then the total pressure P of the water-cooling venturi tube measured by formal test is combined0venThe flow rate of the polluted air of the transition pipe can be calculated by the formula (5)
Figure BDA00029363578800000313
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this scheme:
1. the mixing-overflowing structure of the scheme is simple, and the processing cost is low; compared with the existing high-temperature regulating valve, high-temperature orifice plate flowmeter and other finished products, the cost of the key technical scheme of adopting the double-orifice plate structure, the water-cooling venturi tube, the cold flow calibration method and the like is greatly reduced, and the measurement and control requirements on the test bed are also greatly reduced.
2. This scheme can accomplish the flow control and the accurate measurement of flow that get into the high temperature air of transition pipe simultaneously, and the very few debugging number of cars of accessible adjusts the incoming flow operating mode of the required temperature flow of test model with current combustion heater export air current fast, has the efficient advantage of regulation.
3. The mixing section of this scheme adopts wall aperture mixing mode, and mixing air conditioning can cover mixing section internal face completely, forms the cold air membrane of internal face before the complete mixing, need not to design water-cooling structure when experimental operating mode is less than 1000K, has advantages such as simple structure, low in processing cost, test time are long.
4. The double-throttling orifice plate structure can simultaneously adjust the air flow of the transition pipe and the overflow path, has the advantages of wide flow adjusting range and wide total pressure application range, and can meet the requirements of various sub/supersonic air flow working conditions. The existing high-temperature regulating valve has a limited flow regulating range and is only suitable for a certain total pressure range of air flow. And the orifice plate can realize high-precision flow regulation through a high-precision machining technology.
5. The high-temperature air flow measuring method combining the water-cooling venturi tube measurement and the cold flow calibration has the advantages of wide flow measuring range, high measuring precision, no influence of polluted air components and the like. The existing high-temperature orifice plate flowmeter generally has a certain flow and temperature measurement range, the measurement precision is influenced by the temperature of air flow, and a large error exists when the polluted air is measured. The high-temperature air flow measuring method provided by the invention can realize large-range flow measurement by processing low-cost water-cooling venturis with different throat diameters, and the measurement precision is not influenced by temperature and polluted air components.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a direct test stand air supply conditioning system of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a gas collection ring in a direct-connect test stand air supply conditioning system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of specific embodiments:
reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the mixing device comprises a mixing pipe 1, a flow stabilizing pipe 2, an overflow pipe 3, a transition pipe 4, an overflow Venturi 5, a gas collecting ring 6, a cold air interface 7, a cold air pipe 8, a cold air mixing hole 9, a first throttling orifice plate 10, a second throttling orifice plate 11, a main path outlet pipe 12 and a bypass outlet pipe 13.
Examples
As shown in figures 1 and 2: a direct-connected test bed air supply regulating system comprises a mixing pipe, a flow stabilizing pipe, a flow dividing pipe, an overflow pipe, a transition pipe and an overflow Venturi tube which are sequentially connected through bolts from left to right, wherein the cross section of the mixing pipe is horn-shaped, the left side of the mixing pipe is wrapped with a first flange and a gas collecting ring positioned outside the first flange, the mixing pipe and a combustion heater can be fixedly connected together through the first flange, a plurality of cold air interfaces are circumferentially and equidistantly distributed on the outer side of the gas collecting ring, six cold air interfaces are adopted in the embodiment and are commonly connected with a cold air source, and the cold air source can be a cold air storage box or a cold air supply pipeline; a plurality of cold air pipes are communicated between the inner side of the gas collecting ring and the mixing pipe, the cold air pipes are circumferentially distributed outside the mixing pipe at equal intervals, and each cold air pipe penetrates through the first flange plate. The mixing pipe is internally provided with a gas collecting cavity communicated with a gas collecting ring, the gas collecting cavity is provided with three rows of cold air mixing hole groups, each row of cold air mixing hole group consists of a plurality of cold air mixing holes which are circumferentially arranged on the gas collecting cavity at equal intervals, one row of cold air mixing hole groups are arranged between the left side of the gas collecting cavity and the sealing end surface of the flange, two rows of cold air mixing hole groups which are arranged in a staggered mode are arranged between the inner side of the gas collecting cavity and the inner wall of the mixing pipe, and cold air passing through a cold air interface can form a cold air film along the inner wall of the mixing pipe by means of the gas collecting ring, the gas collecting cavity and the cold air mixing holes, so that the condition that the wall surface of the mixing pipe is ablated by hot air (.
The right side of mixing pipe and the left side of steady flow tube all are equipped with the same second ring flange to can be in the same place mixing pipe and steady flow tube fixed connection with the help of the second ring flange, steady flow tube adopts the equal diameter pipe, can strengthen the mixing effect of these two air currents of hot-air and air conditioning with the help of equal diameter pipe, has improved the homogeneity in flow field, and the internal diameter of steady flow tube equals with the diameter of mixing pipe export widest department. The shunt pipe and the overflow pipe are arranged at the right end of the flow stabilizing pipe in parallel up and down, so that redundant mixing flow is discharged under the condition of realizing set test inflow.
The right side of the flow stabilizing tube and the left side of the flow dividing tube are both provided with a third flange plate, so that the flow stabilizing tube and the flow dividing tube can be fixedly connected together by virtue of the third flange plate; the shunt tubes are composed of a main path outlet pipe and a bypass outlet pipe which are arranged in parallel up and down, the main path outlet pipe is connected with the transition pipe, the bypass outlet pipe is connected with the drainage pipe, and redundant mixing flow is discharged under the condition of realizing the set test inflow.
The right side outlet of the main path outlet pipe and the left side inlet of the transition pipe are respectively provided with a fourth flange plate, the main path outlet pipe and the transition pipe can be connected together by means of the two fourth flange plates, and the moving directions of the main path outlet pipe and the transition pipe and the incoming flow direction of the air in the flow stabilizing pipe are kept on the same straight line. A first throttling pore plate is arranged between the transition pipe and the main path outlet pipe, the first throttling pore plate is connected to a fourth flange of the transition pipe through an inner screw, a fifth flange is arranged on the right side of the transition pipe, and the fifth flange is connected with the test model.
The outlet of the bypass outlet pipe and the inlet of the overflow pipe are respectively provided with a sixth flange plate, the bypass outlet pipe and the overflow pipe can be fixedly connected together by means of the two sixth flange plates, the left end of the overflow pipe is a bent pipe, the trend of the overflow pipe and the incoming flow direction of air in the flow stabilizing pipe are not on the same straight line, the overflow pipe in the embodiment is composed of two overflow pipelines in a shape like an L and a shape like a straight line, the joints of the two overflow pipes are respectively provided with a seventh flange plate, a second orifice plate is arranged in the overflow pipe and connected in the seventh flange plate through inner screws, the first orifice plate and the second orifice plate are both of circular flat plate structures with orifices in the centers, and screws used on the first orifice plate and the second orifice plate are high-temperature-resistant titanium alloy screws. First orifice plate and second orifice plate simple structure, easy dismounting through the orifice plate of the different throttle apertures of replacement, can realize air mass flow's regulation fast. Compared with a high-temperature regulating valve, the structure is simpler and more reliable, and the cost is greatly reduced.
And eighth flange discs are arranged at the joints of the right end of the overflow pipe and the overflow venturi, and the overflow pipe and the overflow venturi can be fixedly connected together by virtue of the two eighth flange discs. The overflow venturi is arranged at the right end of the overflow pipe and adopts a throat water cooling structure.
The working process of the scheme is as follows: the mixing pipe in the scheme is connected with hot air at the outlet of the combustion heater, cold air provided by a cold air source enters the air collecting ring through the cold air interface and is injected into the mixing pipe through the cold air mixing hole, and the air collecting cavity can be used for mixing and cooling the hot air of the mixing pipe after rectifying the cold air; the cooled mixed air flows through the flow stabilizing pipe and is further mixed uniformly. The mixing air flowing through the flow stabilizing pipe respectively enters the branch pipe and is divided into two paths of air of a main path outlet pipe and a bypass outlet pipe, the mixing air flowing through the main path outlet pipe passes through the first throttling orifice plate and the transition pipe and then is connected with the test model to complete the test, and the air incoming flow temperature of the test model is adjusted through the mixing flow of cold air in the mixing pipe. Under the condition that the temperature and the flow of hot air at the outlet of the combustion heater are not changed, the larger the mixing flow of cold air at the mixing section is, the lower the temperature of incoming air flow of the transition pipe is. Taking a certain oxyhydrogen combustion heater as an example, the total temperature of hot air at the outlet of the heater is about 1200K at the lowest, and the flow rate is 1.5kg/s at the lowest. When the flow rate of the blended cold air is 5 times (namely 7.5kg/s) of that of the hot air at the outlet of the heater, the total temperature of the blended incoming air flow can be reduced to 400K, and the total temperature index of all sub/supersonic speed working conditions can be basically covered. When the inner diameter of the inlet at the left side of the mixing pipe in the embodiment is 160mm, the cold air injection and the rapid mixing of more than 8kg/s can be realized, and the air flow requirement of most of the direct connection type tests of the engine combustion chamber at present can be covered. If the air flow demand of the direct connection type test is larger, the size of the blender can be correspondingly enlarged according to the structure.
And the mixing air flowing through the bypass outlet pipe of the shunt pipe can enter the overflow venturi after passing through the overflow pipe and the second throttling orifice plate, so that the overflow flow is measured by means of the water-cooling venturi and a cold flow calibration method, the measurement of the inflow flow of the mixing air of the test model is indirectly realized, and the redundant mixing air can be discharged.
The method used for flow regulation in this example is as follows: most of the existing design schemes only adjust the air flow on one pipeline, and the other pipeline adopts a fixed throat. Assuming a total air flow of
Figure BDA0002936357880000071
The transition duct has an air flow of
Figure BDA0002936357880000072
The overflow tube has an air flow of
Figure BDA0002936357880000073
Total pressure of the steady flow tube is P0wTotal temperature of T0The equivalent orifice area of the transition pipe (i.e., the first orifice plate) is AtestOrifice equivalent of the overflow pipe (i.e. second orifice plate)Area is AoverThe formula of the choked flow can be obtained as follows:
Figure BDA0002936357880000074
Figure BDA0002936357880000075
as can be seen from the above formula, if AoverAt constant total air flow
Figure BDA0002936357880000076
Adjusting the orifice area A of the transition pipe without changingtestThe air flow of the transition pipe is changed, the total pressure of the steady flow section is correspondingly changed, and the adjusting range is limited. With simultaneous adjustment of the orifice plates of this embodiment, i.e. AtestAnd AoverSimultaneously, and the trends are opposite, not only the regulation efficiency (A) is improvedover/AtestThe ratio of (A) is changed more quickly), and the total pressure of the steady flow section can be kept unchanged (A is kepttest+AoverConst may suffice). The applicable working condition range of the scheme is enlarged. The air flow required by the transition duct can be obtained by the double orifice plate regulation of this embodiment, but the air flow is also measured accurately to obtain accurate test parameters.
The existing high-temperature orifice plate flowmeter is complex in structure and high in cost, and has the problem that high-temperature and combustion pollution media affect measurement. The main measurement method is as follows: total flow is measured on cold flow field of air, hydrogen, oxygen, kerosene and other supply pipelines of test bed
Figure BDA0002936357880000077
Calibrating; in the test and debugging stage, the flow passage of the transition pipe is firstly blocked by the baffle plate to lead the flow of all polluted air to flow
Figure BDA0002936357880000078
The total pressure P 'of the venturi is measured through a water-cooled venturi of the overflow pipeline'0venAccording to the flow formula:
Figure BDA0002936357880000079
can obtain the constant term K of the polluted air passing through the water-cooling venturi tube under the condition of the heater and the mixing stateconta(ii) a During the formal test, the working condition and the mixing state of the heater are maintained, and then
Figure BDA00029363578800000710
KcontaAnd T0The isoparametric is not changed, and the ratio of the flow rate to the total pressure of the water-cooling venturi is also not changed. Opening the transition tube passage, wherein the total pressure of the venturi tube is measured as P0venThen, the flow of polluted air through the water-cooled venturi can be obtained as follows:
Figure BDA0002936357880000081
the contaminated air flow entering the transition duct and the test model is then:
Figure BDA0002936357880000082
as can be seen from the formula (5), the method for measuring the overflow section water-cooling venturi combined with the cold flow calibration only needs to carry out more debugging times for completely blocking one transition pipe, and measures the total flow of the cold flow field of the supply pipeline
Figure BDA0002936357880000083
And total pressure P 'of water-cooled venturi for debugging train number'0venAnd then the total pressure P of the water-cooling venturi tube measured by formal test is combined0venThe flow rate of the polluted air of the transition pipe can be calculated by the formula (5)
Figure BDA0002936357880000084
The method has the advantages of less required measurement parameters, simple calculation method, independence on polluted air components and the like.
The foregoing are merely examples of the present invention and common general knowledge of known specific structures and/or features of the schemes has not been described herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.

Claims (5)

1.一种直连式试验台空气供应调节系统,其特征在于:包括从左至右依次可拆卸连接的掺混管、稳流管、分流管、溢流管、过渡管和溢流文氏管,所述掺混管的横截面形状呈喇叭状,所述掺混管外连通有集气环,所述集气环上设有冷气接口,所述掺混管内设有与集气环连通的集气腔,所述集气腔上开有多个冷气掺混孔;所述稳流管采用等直径管,所述稳流管的内径与掺混管出口最宽处的直径相等;所述分流管的入口与稳流管的出口连接,所述分流管由两个并列设置的主路出口管和旁路出口管构成,所述主路出口管与过渡管连接,所述过渡管与分流管之间设有第一节流孔板,所述旁路出口管与溢流管连接,所述溢流管内设有第二节流孔板,所述溢流文氏管设置在溢流管的出口。1. a direct-connected test-bed air supply conditioning system, characterized in that: comprising a mixing pipe, a steady flow pipe, a shunt pipe, an overflow pipe, a transition pipe and an overflow venturi that are detachably connected sequentially from left to right The cross-sectional shape of the mixing pipe is trumpet-shaped, a gas collecting ring is communicated with the outside of the mixing pipe, a cold air interface is arranged on the gas collecting ring, and the mixing pipe is connected with the gas collecting ring. The air collecting chamber is provided with a plurality of cold air mixing holes; the steady flow pipe adopts an equal diameter pipe, and the inner diameter of the steady flow pipe is equal to the diameter at the widest part of the outlet of the mixing pipe; so The inlet of the shunt pipe is connected with the outlet of the steady flow pipe, and the shunt pipe is composed of two main road outlet pipes and bypass outlet pipes arranged in parallel, the main road outlet pipe is connected with the transition pipe, and the transition pipe is connected with the transition pipe. A first throttling orifice is arranged between the shunt pipes, the bypass outlet pipe is connected with an overflow pipe, a second throttling orifice is arranged in the overflow pipe, and the overflow venturi is arranged in the overflow pipe. outlet of the tube. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种直连式试验台空气供应调节系统,其特征在于:所述冷气掺混孔设置三排,任一排所述冷气掺混孔设置在掺混管入口的密封端面,另两排所述冷气掺混孔交错设置在掺混管入口的内壁上。2. A direct-connected test bench air supply and conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cold air mixing holes are arranged in three rows, and the cold air mixing holes in any row are arranged at the inlet of the mixing pipe The other two rows of the cold air mixing holes are staggered and arranged on the inner wall of the mixing pipe inlet. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种直连式试验台空气供应调节系统,其特征在于:所述节流孔板为圆形平板结构,所述节流孔板的中心开有等直径节流孔。3. A direct-connected test bench air supply regulation system according to claim 1, wherein the throttle orifice plate is a circular flat plate structure, and the center of the throttle orifice plate is provided with an equal diameter section. Orifice. 4.根据权利要求1-3中任意一项所述的一种直连式试验台空气供应调节系统,其特征在于:所述过渡管和溢流管内的空气流量调节公式为:设总空气流量为
Figure FDA0002936357870000011
过渡管空气流量为
Figure FDA0002936357870000012
溢流管空气流量为
Figure FDA0002936357870000013
稳流管总压为P0w,总温为T0,过渡管(即第一节流孔板)的节流孔等效面积为Atest,溢流管(即第二节流孔板)的节流孔等效面积为Aover,由壅塞流流量公式可得:
4. A direct-connected test bench air supply regulation system according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the air flow regulation formula in the transition pipe and the overflow pipe is: set the total air flow for
Figure FDA0002936357870000011
The air flow of the transition duct is
Figure FDA0002936357870000012
The air flow of the overflow pipe is
Figure FDA0002936357870000013
The total pressure of the steady flow pipe is P 0w , the total temperature is T 0 , the equivalent area of the orifice of the transition pipe (ie the first throttle orifice) is A test , and the The equivalent area of the orifice is A over , which can be obtained from the slug flow formula:
Figure FDA0002936357870000014
Figure FDA0002936357870000014
Figure FDA0002936357870000015
Figure FDA0002936357870000015
5.根据权利要求1-3中任意一项所述的一种直连式试验台空气供应调节系统,其特征在于:所述溢流文氏管内空气流量的测量方法为:在试验台空气、氢气、氧气及煤油等供应管道的冷态流场上对总流量
Figure FDA0002936357870000016
进行标定;在试验调试阶段,先用挡板将过渡管的流道堵上,让所有污染空气流量
Figure FDA0002936357870000017
经过溢流管道的水冷文氏管,测得文氏管的总压P′0ven,根据流量公式:
5. A direct-connected test bench air supply and conditioning system according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the method for measuring the air flow in the overflow venturi is: in the test bench air, The total flow on the cold flow field of supply pipelines such as hydrogen, oxygen and kerosene
Figure FDA0002936357870000016
Carry out calibration; in the test and debugging stage, first block the flow channel of the transition pipe with a baffle, so that all the polluted air flows
Figure FDA0002936357870000017
After passing through the water-cooled venturi of the overflow pipe, measure the total pressure P' 0ven of the venturi, according to the flow formula:
Figure FDA0002936357870000018
Figure FDA0002936357870000018
可以得到该加热器及掺混状态下的污染空气的常数项Kconta;在正式试验时,保持该加热器工况及掺混状态,则
Figure FDA0002936357870000021
Kconta和T0等参数不变,打开过渡管通道,此时测得的文氏管的总压为P0ven,则可得到通过水冷文氏管的污染空气流量为:
The constant term K conta of the polluted air in the heater and the mixed state can be obtained; in the formal test, if the heater operating condition and the mixed state are maintained, then
Figure FDA0002936357870000021
The parameters such as K conta and T 0 remain unchanged, and the transition pipe channel is opened. The total pressure of the venturi measured at this time is P 0ven , and the polluted air flow through the water-cooled venturi can be obtained as:
Figure FDA0002936357870000022
Figure FDA0002936357870000022
则进入过渡管的污染空气流量为:Then the polluted air flow into the transition duct is:
Figure FDA0002936357870000023
Figure FDA0002936357870000023
由式(5)可见,采用本发明的溢流段水冷文氏管测量结合冷态流量标定的方法只需要多开展一车过渡管全堵的调试车次,测到供应管道冷态流场的总流量
Figure FDA0002936357870000024
和调试车次的水冷文氏管总压P′0ven,再结合正式试验测到的水冷文氏管总压P0ven,即可由式(5)计算得到过渡管污染空气流量
Figure FDA0002936357870000025
It can be seen from formula (5) that the method of measuring the water-cooled venturi in the overflow section combined with the cold-state flow calibration method of the present invention only needs to carry out one more commissioning trip with the transition pipe completely blocked, and the total amount of the cold-state flow field of the supply pipeline is measured. flow
Figure FDA0002936357870000024
and the total pressure P' 0ven of the water-cooled venturi during the commissioning trip, combined with the total pressure P 0ven of the water-cooled venturi measured in the formal test, the polluted air flow of the transition pipe can be calculated from the formula (5).
Figure FDA0002936357870000025
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