CN112814752A - Rapid starting system and method for thermal generator set in medium pressure cylinder starting mode - Google Patents
Rapid starting system and method for thermal generator set in medium pressure cylinder starting mode Download PDFInfo
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- CN112814752A CN112814752A CN202110024715.0A CN202110024715A CN112814752A CN 112814752 A CN112814752 A CN 112814752A CN 202110024715 A CN202110024715 A CN 202110024715A CN 112814752 A CN112814752 A CN 112814752A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012802 pre-warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
- F01D17/10—Final actuators
- F01D17/105—Final actuators by passing part of the fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/08—Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
- F01D25/10—Heating, e.g. warming-up before starting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K9/00—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines
- F01K9/003—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines condenser cooling circuits
Abstract
The invention discloses a quick starting system and a quick starting method for a thermal generator set in a medium pressure cylinder starting mode, wherein the quick starting system comprises a superheater, a medium pressure cylinder and a starting steam header; one path of exhaust steam of the superheater enters a high-pressure cylinder, and the other path of the exhaust steam enters a rear pipeline of the high-exhaust check valve through a high-pressure bypass valve; the exhaust steam of the intermediate pressure cylinder enters the low pressure cylinder to do work, the exhaust steam enters the condenser, and a condensate water outlet of the condenser is connected with a condensate water system of the machine and the condenser on the machine through a condensate water pump; one path of exhaust steam of the starting steam header enters a high-pressure cylinder for back warming, and the other path of exhaust steam enters a medium-pressure cylinder for acting; the approaching machine steam is connected with the temperature reduction water and the starting steam header through a pressure reduction and temperature reduction device and the like. The invention converts the starting process of the thermal generator set in the intermediate pressure cylinder starting mode from a cold-state starting mode to a warm-state starting mode. The starting process of the thermal generator set in the intermediate pressure cylinder starting mode is changed from a boiler and steam turbine series connection mode to a parallel connection mode, so that the starting time can be shortened, the starting cost is reduced, and the thermal generator set can meet the power grid response requirement more quickly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermal power generation, and relates to a rapid starting system and a rapid starting method of a thermal generator set in a medium-pressure cylinder starting mode.
Background
Along with the specific gravity increase of clean energy with limited peak regulation capacity such as wind power, solar energy and the like in a power supply structure, the peak regulation demand and the peak regulation difficulty of a power grid are further increased, the number of hours of utilization of a coal-fired unit is reduced year by year in recent years, and the number of start-stop times of the unit is increased year by year due to alternate shutdown and standby of the unit.
Taking the cold starting process of a unit which adopts a medium pressure cylinder starting mode and is produced in a certain steam turbine plant and the like as an example, the method mainly comprises the following steps: (1) cleaning the system in a cold state; (2) and putting a shaft seal and vacuumizing. (3) Purging a boiler, igniting, flushing in a thermal state, and raising the temperature and the pressure. (4) The high-pressure cylinder is reversely heated. (5) Pre-warming, rushing to rotate, accelerating and warming up steam valves of the steam turbine. (6) The set constant speed is 3000r/min, and the grid connection and the initial load are carried out. (7) After initial load warming, cylinder cutting operation is carried out: the low bypass valve, the high bypass valve and the discharge valve are closed, the medium pressure regulating valve is fully opened, and the high pressure regulating valve controls the load of the unit. And (5) executing the step (5), slowly opening the high-pressure regulating valve firstly during the impact rotation, locking the opening degree of the high-pressure regulating valve in the speed increasing process, namely executing the positive heating step, keeping the opening degree of the high-pressure regulating valve before the cylinder is switched, starting opening the middle-pressure regulating steam valve, and continuously increasing the speed and warming up the steam turbine. However, if the high-pressure cylinder is in a warm-state starting mode, the steps of reverse warming, positive warming and the like of the high-pressure cylinder are not executed.
The current starting process, from boiler water feeding to grid connection, requires time even exceeding 20 hours. The starting time is long, the cost of fire coal, steam, service power consumption, environmental protection emission and the like generated in the starting process is relatively high, and the requirement of a power grid for quick response of a coal-fired unit is difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a quick starting system and a quick starting method for a thermal generator set in a medium pressure cylinder starting mode.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
a quick start system of a thermal generator set in a medium-pressure cylinder start mode comprises:
one path of exhaust steam of the superheater enters a high-pressure cylinder, and the other path of the exhaust steam enters a rear pipeline of a high-exhaust check valve through a high-pressure bypass valve;
one path of exhaust steam of the reheater enters the intermediate pressure cylinder, and the other path of exhaust steam enters the condenser through the low-pressure bypass valve; the exhaust steam of the intermediate pressure cylinder enters the low pressure cylinder to do work, the exhaust steam of the low pressure cylinder enters the condenser, and a condensed water outlet of the condenser is connected with a condensed water system of the machine and a condenser in parallel through a condensed water pump;
starting a steam header, wherein one path of exhaust steam of the steam header enters a high-pressure cylinder for back warming, and the other path of exhaust steam enters a medium-pressure cylinder for acting; the near-machine coming steam is connected with the temperature reduction water and the starting steam header through the pressure reduction and temperature reduction device.
The invention further improves the following steps:
and a first isolation valve, a first check valve and a first regulating valve are arranged on a pipeline between the starting steam header and the intermediate pressure cylinder.
And a second isolating valve, a second check valve and a second regulating valve are arranged on a pipeline between the starting steam header and the high-pressure cylinder.
And a third isolation valve and a third regulating valve are arranged on a pipeline between the reheater and the intermediate pressure cylinder, and a bypass valve is connected in parallel on the third regulating valve.
And a fourth isolating valve and a fourth regulating valve are arranged on a pipeline between the condensate pump and the condenser close to the condenser.
And the inlet pipeline of the pressure and temperature reducing device is provided with a third check valve and a fifth isolating valve, and the outlet pipeline is provided with a sixth isolating valve.
A quick starting method of a thermal generator set in a medium pressure cylinder starting mode comprises the following steps:
and 3, after the steam quality and parameters of the furnace meet the requirements, driving steam switching operation is carried out, steam removal of the steam header is started, and the unit continues to complete grid connection, cylinder cutting and load lifting operation through the steam of the furnace.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention converts the starting process of the thermal generator set in the intermediate pressure cylinder starting mode from a cold-state starting mode to a warm-state starting mode. The starting process of the thermal generator set in the intermediate pressure cylinder starting mode is changed from a boiler and steam turbine series connection mode to a parallel connection mode. The invention can shorten the starting time, reduce the starting cost and enable the unit to more quickly meet the response requirement of the power grid.
Drawings
In order to more clearly explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a diagram of a quick start system according to the present invention.
Wherein: 1-superheater, 2-high pressure cylinder, 3-intermediate pressure cylinder, 4-low pressure cylinder, 5-condenser, 6-condensate pump, 7-local condensate system, 8-temporary condenser, 9-reheater, 10-starting steam header, 11-pressure reducing and temperature reducing device, 12-high pressure bypass valve, 13-high discharge check valve, 14-low pressure bypass valve, 15-first regulating valve, 16-first check valve, 17-first isolating valve, 18-second regulating valve, 19-second check valve, 20-second isolating valve, 21-third regulating valve, 22-bypass valve, 23-third isolating valve, 24-fourth regulating valve, 25-fourth isolating valve, 26-sixth isolating valve, 27-third check valve, 28-fifth isolation valve.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be further noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention discloses a quick starting system of a thermal generator set in a medium pressure cylinder starting mode, which comprises a superheater 1, a medium pressure cylinder 3 and a starting steam header 10; one path of exhaust steam of the superheater 1 enters a high-pressure cylinder 2, and the other path of the exhaust steam enters a rear pipeline of a high-pressure exhaust check valve 13 through a high-pressure bypass valve 12; one path of exhaust steam of the reheater 9 enters the intermediate pressure cylinder 3, and the other path of exhaust steam enters the condenser 5 through the low-pressure bypass valve 14; the exhaust steam of the intermediate pressure cylinder 3 enters the low pressure cylinder 4 to do work, the exhaust steam enters the condenser 5, and a condensed water outlet of the condenser 5 is connected with a local condensed water system 7 and a condenser 8 of a machine in parallel through a condensed water pump 6; one path of exhaust steam for starting the steam header 10 enters the high-pressure cylinder 2 for back warming, and the other path of exhaust steam enters the intermediate-pressure cylinder 3 for doing work; the on-line steam is connected with the steam-reducing water and the starting steam header through a pressure-reducing and temperature-reducing device 11 and the like.
The superheater 1 can lead part of the exhaust steam out to the exhaust steam line of the high-pressure cylinder 2 via a high-pressure bypass valve 12. Part of the exhaust steam of the reheater 9 is connected to the condenser 5 via a low-pressure bypass valve 14.
A first isolation valve 17, a first check valve 16 and a first regulating valve 15 are arranged on a pipeline between the starting steam header 10 and the intermediate pressure cylinder 3. A second isolation valve 20, a second check valve 19 and a second regulating valve 18 are arranged on a pipeline between the starting steam header 10 and the high-pressure cylinder 2.
A third isolation valve 23 and a third regulating valve 21 are arranged on a pipeline between the reheater 9 and the intermediate pressure cylinder 3, and a bypass valve 22 is connected in parallel to the third regulating valve 21. And a fourth isolating valve 25 and a fourth regulating valve 24 are arranged on a pipeline between the condensate pump 6 and the condenser 8. The inlet pipeline of the pressure reducing and temperature reducing device 11 is provided with a third check valve 27 and a fifth isolation valve 28, and the outlet pipeline is provided with a sixth isolation valve 26.
Principle of the invention
(1) Additionally provided with starting steam header
A starting steam header is additionally arranged, steam of an adjacent machine is introduced into the starting steam header 10 through a fifth isolation valve 28, a third check valve 27, a pressure-reducing and temperature-reducing device 11 and a sixth isolation valve 26, and before the steam parameters of the furnace meet the requirements, the starting steam header 10 provides required steam for the steam machine to be heated reversely, to be flushed and the like.
(2) High pressure cylinder inverted heating steam reforming
The high-pressure cylinder is additionally provided with a back-warming steam source, a corresponding pipeline, a second isolation valve 20, a second check valve 19, a second regulating valve 18 and the like, and is connected to the back-warming pipeline of the original high-pressure cylinder 2.
Before the machine set is flushed, a valve on a back-warming pipeline of the original high-pressure cylinder 2 is isolated, a second isolation valve 20 is opened, steam is used as cylinder-warming steam by using a starting steam header 10, the temperature rise rate of metal of the high-pressure cylinder 2 is controlled by a second adjusting valve 18, the high-pressure cylinder 2 is heated back, the temperature of the cylinder is raised to meet the temperature state starting requirement, and then the high-pressure cylinder 2 is stewed.
(3) Startup steam reforming
The original hot re-steam pipeline is additionally provided with a third isolation valve 23, a third regulating valve 21 and a bypass valve 22, and the original hot re-steam pipeline is additionally provided with a starting steam pipeline, a first isolation valve 17, a first check valve 16 and a first regulating valve 15, is connected with the self-starting steam header 10, and is connected with a pipeline behind the third regulating valve 21.
The third isolation valve 23, the third regulating valve 21 and the bypass valve 22 are closed, the boiler is ignited, and the hot state washing is started. After the steam turbine has the flushing condition, the first isolation valve 17 is opened, the first adjusting valve 15 is partially opened, steam in the starting steam header 10 is heated to the front of the intermediate pressure cylinder, the intermediate pressure cylinder 3 is started to flush, and the operations of warming, speed fixing and the like are completed. In the process of the unit rush, the first regulating valve 15 is automatically operated to control the front steam pressure of the intermediate pressure cylinder 3 to meet the requirement.
After the steam quality and parameters of the furnace meet the requirements of the steam turbine, the first regulating valve 15, the third regulating valve 21 and the low-pressure bypass valve 14 are operated, under the condition that the steam parameters before the intermediate pressure cylinder 3 are kept basically stable, the driving steam switching operation is carried out, the third isolating valve 23 and the third regulating valve 21 are opened, the first isolating valve 17 and the first regulating valve 15 are closed, and the steam turbine drives the steam to be switched to the furnace. The bypass valve 22 is then opened in cooperation with the low pressure bypass valve 14 to reduce throttling losses of the reheated steam during normal operation of the unit.
(4) Interconnected transformation of condensate system
And an interconnection pipeline of a condensate system of an adjacent machine, a fourth isolation valve 25 and a fourth regulating valve 24 are additionally arranged. When the machine is flushed and rotated, condensed water is discharged when the quality of the condensed water is unqualified, and after the quality of the condensed water is qualified, the fourth isolating valve 25 and the fourth regulating valve 24 are opened, the condensed water is discharged to the condenser of the adjacent machine, and the fourth regulating valve 24 maintains the steam-water balance of the machine and the thermodynamic system of the adjacent machine.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a quick starting method of the thermal generator set in the intermediate pressure cylinder starting mode, which converts the set starting process from the cold starting mode to the warm starting mode, changes the set starting process from the boiler and steam turbine series connection mode to the parallel connection mode, and mainly comprises the following steps:
And 2, during the water feeding, ignition, hot washing, pressure boosting and temperature rising of the furnace, the steam driving unit of the adjacent machine completes the operations of flushing, warming, speed setting and the like according to the warm starting mode of the intermediate pressure cylinder 3.
And 3, after the steam quality and parameters of the furnace meet the requirements, driving steam switching operation is carried out, the steam header 10 is started to cut off steam, and the unit continues to complete the operations of grid connection, cylinder cutting, load lifting and the like by the steam of the furnace.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a quick start-up system of intermediate pressure cylinder starting mode thermal generator set which characterized in that includes:
one path of exhaust steam of the superheater (1) enters a high-pressure cylinder (2), and the other path of the exhaust steam enters a rear pipeline of a high-pressure exhaust check valve (13) through a high-pressure bypass valve (12);
the system comprises a reheater (9), wherein exhaust steam of the reheater (9) enters an intermediate pressure cylinder (3) in one way, and enters a condenser (5) in the other way through a low-pressure bypass valve (14); the exhaust steam of the intermediate pressure cylinder (3) enters the low pressure cylinder (4) to do work, the exhaust steam of the low pressure cylinder (4) enters the condenser (5), and a condensed water outlet of the condenser (5) is connected with a condensed water system (7) of the machine and a condenser (8) of the machine;
starting a steam header (10), wherein one path of exhaust steam of the steam header (10) enters a high-pressure cylinder (2) for back warming, and the other path of exhaust steam enters a medium-pressure cylinder (3) for acting; the on-line steam is connected with a steam header (10) for reducing temperature and starting steam through a pressure reducing and temperature reducing device (11).
2. The system for rapidly starting the thermal generator set in the intermediate pressure cylinder starting manner according to claim 1, wherein a first isolation valve (17), a first check valve (16) and a first regulating valve (15) are arranged on a pipeline between the starting steam header (10) and the intermediate pressure cylinder (3).
3. The system for the rapid start-up of a thermal generator set with a medium pressure cylinder start-up according to claim 1, wherein a second isolation valve (20), a second check valve (19) and a second regulating valve (18) are arranged on a pipeline between the start-up steam header (10) and the high pressure cylinder (2).
4. The system for rapidly starting the thermal generator set in the intermediate pressure cylinder starting mode according to claim 1, wherein a third isolation valve (23) and a third regulating valve (21) are arranged on a pipeline between the reheater (9) and the intermediate pressure cylinder (3), and a bypass valve (22) is connected to the third regulating valve (21) in parallel.
5. The system for rapidly starting the thermal generator set in the intermediate pressure cylinder starting mode according to claim 1, wherein a fourth isolation valve (25) and a fourth regulating valve (24) are arranged on a pipeline between the condensate pump (6) and the condenser (8) in contact with the steam.
6. The system for rapidly starting a thermal generator set in a medium-pressure cylinder starting manner according to claim 1, wherein a third check valve (27) and a fifth isolation valve (28) are arranged on an inlet pipeline of the pressure and temperature reducing device (11), and a sixth isolation valve (26) is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the pressure and temperature reducing device.
7. A method for starting a thermal generator set by using a medium-pressure cylinder starting mode of the system of any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
step 1, under the condition that the steam quality and parameters of the furnace do not meet the requirements, the steam of an adjacent machine carries out back warming on a high-pressure cylinder by starting a steam header, and the temperature of the cylinder is raised to meet the temperature starting requirement and then the cylinder is stewed;
step 2, during the periods of water feeding, ignition, hot washing, pressure boosting and temperature rising of the furnace, the steam driving unit of the adjacent machine completes the operation of flushing, turning, warming and constant speed operation according to the warm starting mode of the intermediate pressure cylinder;
and 3, after the steam quality and parameters of the furnace meet the requirements, driving steam switching operation is carried out, steam removal of the steam header is started, and the unit continues to complete grid connection, cylinder cutting and load lifting operation through the steam of the furnace.
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Cited By (5)
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CN113623026A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-11-09 | 济南奔腾时代电力科技有限公司 | Steam turbine high-pressure cylinder warming and cylinder switching control optimization method |
CN114233416A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-03-25 | 暨南大学 | Dynamically-reconstructed steam turbine generator unit and operation method |
CN114251139A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-03-29 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Quick start system of adjacent machine of unit system thermal generator set |
CN114941553A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-08-26 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Starting system and method for thermal generator set in high and medium pressure cylinder starting mode |
CN115075897A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-09-20 | 济南奔腾时代电力科技有限公司 | High-intermediate pressure cylinder combined starting system and method for steam turbine |
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CN114251139B (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2023-09-12 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Unit thermal power generation unit neighbor quick start system |
CN114941553A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-08-26 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Starting system and method for thermal generator set in high and medium pressure cylinder starting mode |
CN115075897A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-09-20 | 济南奔腾时代电力科技有限公司 | High-intermediate pressure cylinder combined starting system and method for steam turbine |
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