CN112814698B - High-molecular shock-insulation crack-arresting material for rock mass impact stress waves and construction process - Google Patents
High-molecular shock-insulation crack-arresting material for rock mass impact stress waves and construction process Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 15
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004841 bisphenol A epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 3
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a polymer shock insulation crack arrest material aiming at rock mass shock stress waves, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: determining key parameters of the shock insulation crack arrest material according to the design protection grade, the regional seismic intensity, the regional mine seismic intensity and the surrounding rock grade; and allocating the proportion of the shock insulation crack arrest material based on the determined key parameters of the shock insulation crack arrest material, wherein the shock insulation crack arrest material comprises bisphenol A epoxy resin, an anhydride curing agent and a diluent.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the field of rock mass impact stress wave resistance, in particular to a high-polymer shock insulation crack arrest material and a construction process for rock mass impact stress waves.
Background
The existing earthquake-proof and shock-insulation scheme of the underground structure comprises: a support supporting mode is adopted in the underground structure; and concrete spraying or anchor bolt supporting mode and the like are carried out in the underground structure. According to the technical scheme, structural reinforcement and transformation measures are carried out in the underground space, the scheme of transforming the surrounding rock part outside the underground space is few, partial patents form piles in rows by carrying out curtain grouting outside the structure to be protected, and a certain shock insulation effect is achieved.
However, structural transformation and reinforcement are carried out in the underground space, the underground space is inevitably occupied, the space utilization rate is reduced, and meanwhile, the degree of protection of surrounding rocks in a certain depth outside the underground space is not high, and the surrounding rocks inevitably experience the action of external power load. For this reason, a solution is needed to effectively isolate the propagation of the crack to the rock mass to be protected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, according to the present disclosure, a seismic isolation layer design is adopted, the high bonding strength of the water-based epoxy resin material is utilized, the integrity of the original rock mass is not damaged, meanwhile, the high damping ratio of the material is utilized, a large amount of impact energy is dissipated or reflected, and the expansion of the crack to the rock mass to be protected is effectively isolated.
According to one aspect of the disclosure, a method for preparing a polymer shock-insulation crack-arresting material for rock mass shock stress waves is provided, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: determining key parameters of the shock insulation crack arrest material according to the design protection grade, the regional seismic intensity, the regional mine seismic intensity and the surrounding rock grade; and allocating the proportion of the shock insulation crack arrest material based on the determined key parameters of the shock insulation crack arrest material, wherein the shock insulation crack arrest material comprises bisphenol A epoxy resin, an anhydride curing agent and a diluent.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the material key parameters include material thickness, tensile strength, compressive strength, and elastic modulus.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the peak acceleration (PGA) corresponding to an underground structure when a dynamic load attacks is determined according to the regional seismic intensity and the regional mine seismic intensity, and the key parameters of the shock insulation crack arrest material are determined according to the design protection grade, the PGA and the surrounding rock grade.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the allocation of the proportions of the shock insulation crack arrest materials based on the determined key parameters of the shock insulation crack arrest materials comprises the following steps: and blending the proportions of the shock insulation crack arrest materials according to the determined elastic modulus.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the proportion of the bisphenol A epoxy resin and the anhydride curing agent is the same, and the proportion of the diluent is adjusted according to the elastic modulus.
According to the method embodiment of the disclosure, a shock insulation layer design is adopted, the high bonding strength of the water-based epoxy resin material is utilized, the integrity of the original rock mass is not damaged, meanwhile, the high damping ratio of the material is utilized, a large amount of impact energy is dissipated or reflected, and the expansion of cracks to the rock mass to be protected is effectively isolated.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an apparatus for preparing a polymer shock-insulation crack-arresting material for a rock mass shock stress wave, comprising: the key parameter determination module is used for determining key parameters of the shock insulation crack arrest material according to the design protection grade, the regional seismic intensity, the regional mine seismic intensity and the surrounding rock grade; and the material proportioning module is used for proportioning the vibration isolation and crack arrest material based on the determined key parameters of the vibration isolation and crack arrest material, wherein the vibration isolation and crack arrest material comprises bisphenol A epoxy resin, an anhydride curing agent and a diluent.
In one embodiment of the disclosure, determining a peak acceleration (PGA) corresponding to an underground structure when a dynamic load attacks according to the regional seismic intensity and the regional mine seismic intensity, and determining key parameters of the shock insulation and crack arrest material according to the design protection grade, the PGA and the surrounding rock grade.
In an embodiment of the disclosure, the allocating, by the material allocation module, the allocation of the vibration isolation crack arrest material allocation ratio based on the determined key parameter of the vibration isolation crack arrest material includes: and blending the proportions of the shock insulation crack arrest materials according to the determined elastic modulus.
According to the device embodiment of the disclosure, a shock insulation layer design is adopted, the high bonding strength of the water-based epoxy resin material is utilized, the integrity of the original rock mass is not damaged, meanwhile, the high damping ratio of the material is utilized, a large amount of impact energy is dissipated or reflected, and the expansion of a crack to the rock mass to be protected is effectively isolated.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a construction process of a polymer shock insulation crack arrest material for rock mass shock stress waves, comprising: performing directional controllable fracturing on a rock mass to be protected by adopting a hydraulic fracturing method; the polymeric shock-insulating crack-arresting material prepared using the method as described above is grouted into the protected rock mass while maintaining pressure inside the controllably fractured fracture.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the pressure inside the controllably fractured fracture is maintained by using the polymeric shock-isolating crack stop material instead of water.
According to the construction process disclosed by the invention, the material layer is additionally arranged in the rock body to block the impact action and the cracking action of the impact stress wave on the rock body to be protected. Compared with the prior art that the traditional protective measures are concentrated on the supporting measures in the underground space and the rock mass is drilled and grouted to form one or more rows of curtains, the method can effectively isolate the expansion of the cracks to the protected rock mass.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure and are not to be construed as limiting the disclosure.
Fig. 1 shows a flow chart of a method for preparing a polymer shock-insulation crack-arresting material for rock mass shock stress waves according to an exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 2 shows a crack arrest effect schematic according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 shows a block diagram of an apparatus for preparing a polymer shock-insulating crack-arresting material for a rock mass shock stress wave according to an exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 4 shows a diagram of a construction process of a polymer shock-insulation crack-arresting material for rock mass shock stress waves according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present disclosure better understood by those of ordinary skill in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present disclosure and in the above-described drawings are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the disclosure described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. The implementations described in the exemplary embodiments below are not intended to represent all implementations consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present disclosure, as detailed in the appended claims.
In order to solve the problems, the present disclosure provides a method for preparing a polymer shock insulation crack arrest material for rock mass shock stress waves, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: determining key parameters of the shock insulation crack arrest material according to the design protection grade, the regional seismic intensity, the regional mine seismic intensity and the surrounding rock grade; and allocating the proportion of the shock insulation crack arrest material based on the determined key parameters of the shock insulation crack arrest material, wherein the shock insulation crack arrest material comprises bisphenol A epoxy resin, an anhydride curing agent and a diluent.
Fig. 1 shows a flow chart of a method for preparing a polymer shock-insulation crack-arresting material for rock mass shock stress waves according to an exemplary embodiment.
In step 101, material key parameters are determined.
Specifically, according to the design protection grade, the regional seismic intensity, the regional mine seismic intensity and the surrounding rock grade, and referring to the numerical analysis result of underground engineering dynamics, the material parameters of the shock insulation crack arrest layer are determined.
According to one aspect of the disclosure, a designer may determine a peak acceleration (PGA) corresponding to an underground structure when a dynamic load is attacked according to dynamic disaster evaluation criteria such as regional seismic intensity, regional mine seismic intensity, and the like. In general, the material parameters of the seismic isolation crack arrest layer include four main parameters of material layer thickness, tensile strength, compressive strength and elastic modulus, and table 1 shows a key parameter table of the seismic isolation crack arrest layer, wherein PGA is 0.2g, and the surrounding rock grade is first grade.
TABLE 1 shock insulation crack-stopping layer Key parameter Table
The specific requirements of the seismic isolation effect and the seismic isolation crack arrest layer thickness may vary depending on the application environment. In the case where PGA is 0.2g and the grade of the surrounding rock is one grade, as shown in table 1, when the thickness of the seismic isolation crack arrest layer needs to be small, by considering the seismic isolation effect requirement, different elastic moduli of the seismic isolation crack arrest layer can be obtained. The designer looks up the target elastic modulus of the shock insulation crack arrest layer from table 1 according to the design thickness and shock insulation effect requirements of the high polymer shock insulation crack arrest material. For example, in the case where the seismic isolation crack arrest layer thickness is 2.5cm, if the seismic isolation effect is required to be 85.1%, the elastic modulus of the seismic isolation crack arrest layer is 6.55 GPa. For another example, in the case where the seismic isolation crack arrest layer thickness is 3.0cm, if the seismic isolation effect is required to be 99.7%, the elastic modulus of the seismic isolation crack arrest layer is 7.93 GPa.
At step 102, a material ratio is formulated based on the determined material parameters.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the shock-isolating crack stop material includes a bisphenol a epoxy resin, a curing agent, and a diluent. Specifically, the curing agent used here is an acid anhydride curing agent.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, the bisphenol a epoxy resin and the anhydride curing agent are in the same proportion, and the proportion of the diluent is correspondingly adjusted by adjusting the proportion of the anhydride curing agent, so that the adjustment of the apparent density, the uniaxial compressive strength and the elastic modulus of the material is realized, and the requirements on the design strength and the elastic modulus in the actual design are met. Specific formulation methods may be formulated according to table 2.
Specifically, based on the key parameter elastic modulus of the material determined in table 1, the corresponding material ratio can be selected from table 2.
With continued reference to the description of table 1 above, in the case where the seismic isolation crack arrest layer thickness is 2.5cm, if the seismic isolation effect requirement is 85.1%, the seismic isolation crack arrest layer elastic modulus is 6.55 GPa. For another example, in the case where the seismic isolation crack arrest layer thickness is 3.0cm, if the seismic isolation effect is required to be 99.7%, the elastic modulus of the seismic isolation crack arrest layer is 7.93 GPa. For the values of the modulus of elasticity in both cases, the respective material ratios can be seen from table 2. For example, when the elastic modulus is 6.55GPa, the proportions of the bisphenol A epoxy resin and the acid anhydride curing agent are respectively 42% and the proportion of the diluent is 16%. At this time, the apparent density of the corresponding seismic isolation crack arrest material was 1.10g/cm3And the uniaxial compressive strength was 49.8 MPa. For another example, when the elastic modulus is 7.93GPa, the proportions of the bisphenol A epoxy resin and the acid anhydride curing agent are respectively 43% and the proportion of the diluent is 14%. At this time, the apparent density of the corresponding seismic isolation crack arrest material was 1.11g/cm3And the uniaxial compressive strength was 55.5 MPa.
TABLE 2 Polymer shock-insulation crack-arresting material mixing ratio table
In the embodiment of the disclosure, the modulus of elasticity is reduced, and the better the shock insulation and crack arrest effect is.
Fig. 2 shows a crack arrest effect schematic according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 2, after the shock stress wave passes through the shock insulation crack arrest layer, a rock mass crushing effect is formed. In fig. 2, the value of the elastic modulus decreases gradually from left to right. It can be seen that the crack-arresting effect of the rock mass is gradually enhanced as the elastic modulus is gradually reduced.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the reduction of the elastic modulus of the shock insulation crack stop layer is beneficial to preventing the transmission proportion and the cracking effect of the shock stress wave.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an apparatus for preparing a polymer shock-insulating crack arrest material for a rock mass shock stress wave according to an exemplary embodiment. Referring to fig. 3, an apparatus for preparing a polymer shock-insulation crack-arresting material for a rock mass impact stress wave includes a material proportioning and blending module 320 of a material key parameter determination module 310.
In fig. 3, the material key parameter determining module 310 determines the key parameters of the shock insulation crack arrest material according to the design protection grade, the regional seismic intensity, the regional mine seismic intensity and the surrounding rock grade; and the material proportioning module 320 regulates the proportioning of the shock insulation crack arrest material based on the determined key parameters of the shock insulation crack arrest material, wherein the shock insulation crack arrest material comprises bisphenol A epoxy resin, anhydride curing agent and diluent.
It should be noted that the explanation of the embodiment of the method for preparing the polymer shock-insulation crack-arrest material for rock mass shock stress waves is also applicable to the embodiment of the apparatus for preparing the polymer shock-insulation crack-arrest material for rock mass shock stress waves, and the details are not repeated here.
A construction process for constructing the polymer shock-insulation crack-arresting material prepared according to the method of the present disclosure will be described with reference to fig. 4. Specifically, in step 401 of fig. 4, the rock mass to be protected is directionally and controllably fractured by using a hydraulic fracturing method. In step 402, a polymer shock-insulating crack-arresting material prepared using the method according to the present disclosure is grouted into the rock mass to be protected while maintaining pressure inside the controllably fractured fracture. Specifically, the pressure inside the controllably fractured fracture is maintained by using the polymeric shock-insulating crack arrest material instead of water.
According to the construction process disclosed by the embodiment of the disclosure, the rock mass to be protected is subjected to directional controllable fracturing by adopting a hydraulic fracturing method. As the bisphenol A epoxy resin with water-based property and high molecular weight is selected, the material can be in short-time contact with fracturing water without violent reaction, so that the fracturing fluid can be directly replaced by the epoxy resin from water, the pressure is kept in a fractured crack, meanwhile, the internal water is displaced, and the grouting pressure is kept for eight hours until the epoxy resin is cured to form stable strength.
Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.
In the description of the present disclosure, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example" or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In the present disclosure, the schematic representations of the terms described above are not necessarily intended to be the same real-time or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this disclosure can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
It will be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A construction process of a polymer shock insulation crack arrest material aiming at rock mass shock stress waves is characterized by comprising the following steps:
performing directional controllable fracturing on a rock mass to be protected by adopting a hydraulic fracturing method;
while maintaining the pressure inside the controllably fractured fracture, grouting a high-molecular shock-insulation crack-arresting material into the rock mass to be protected;
the preparation of the polymer shock insulation crack arrest material is carried out according to the following steps:
determining key parameters of the shock insulation crack arrest material according to a design protection grade, a regional seismic intensity, a regional mine seismic intensity and a surrounding rock grade and by referring to an underground engineering dynamics numerical analysis result, wherein the key parameters of the shock insulation crack arrest material comprise an elastic modulus; and the number of the first and second electrodes,
the proportion of the shock-insulation crack-arresting material is adjusted based on the determined elastic modulus,
the shock insulation crack arrest material comprises bisphenol A epoxy resin, an acid anhydride curing agent and a diluent, and the smaller the numerical value of the elastic modulus is, the better the shock insulation crack arrest effect is.
2. The construction process according to claim 1, wherein the material key parameters further include material thickness, tensile strength, compressive strength, uniaxial compressive strength and apparent density.
3. The construction process according to claim 1, wherein a peak acceleration PGA corresponding to an underground structure when a dynamic load attacks is determined according to the regional seismic intensity and the regional mine seismic intensity, and the key parameters of the shock-insulation crack-arresting material are determined according to the design protection grade, the PGA and the surrounding rock grade and by referring to the results of the dynamic numerical analysis of underground engineering.
4. The construction process according to claim 2, wherein the step of allocating the vibration-isolating crack arrest material ratio based on the determined key parameters of the vibration-isolating crack arrest material further comprises the steps of: and (4) allocating the proportions of the shock insulation and crack arrest materials according to the determined material thickness, tensile strength, compressive strength, uniaxial compressive strength and apparent density.
5. The construction process according to claim 4, wherein the proportions of the bisphenol A epoxy resin and the acid anhydride curing agent are the same, and the proportion of the diluent is adjusted according to the elastic modulus.
6. The construction process according to claim 1, wherein the pressure inside the controllably fractured fracture is maintained by using the polymeric shock-insulating crack stop material instead of water.
7. A device for preparing a polymer shock-insulation crack-arresting material aiming at rock mass shock stress waves, which is used for the construction process according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the key parameter determination module is used for determining key parameters of the shock insulation crack arrest material according to the design protection grade, the regional seismic intensity, the regional mine seismic intensity and the surrounding rock grade and by referring to the numerical analysis result of underground engineering dynamics, wherein the key parameters of the shock insulation crack arrest material comprise elastic modulus; and
a material proportioning module for proportioning the vibration isolation and crack arrest material based on the determined key parameters of the vibration isolation and crack arrest material,
the shock insulation crack arrest material comprises bisphenol A epoxy resin, an acid anhydride curing agent and a diluent, and the smaller the numerical value of the elastic modulus is, the better the shock insulation crack arrest effect is.
8. The device according to claim 7, wherein a peak acceleration PGA corresponding to an underground structure when a dynamic load attacks is determined according to the regional seismic intensity and the regional mine seismic intensity, and key parameters of the shock insulation crack arrest material are determined according to the design protection grade, the PGA and the surrounding rock grade.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the material proportioning module is configured to formulate the proportion of the shock insulation crack arrest material based on the determined key parameters of the shock insulation crack arrest material, further comprising: and (4) allocating the proportions of the shock insulation and crack arrest materials according to the determined material thickness, tensile strength, compressive strength, uniaxial compressive strength and apparent density.
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