CN112813338A - H13 steel with high strength, toughness and wear resistance and smelting method thereof - Google Patents
H13 steel with high strength, toughness and wear resistance and smelting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112813338A CN112813338A CN202011487886.9A CN202011487886A CN112813338A CN 112813338 A CN112813338 A CN 112813338A CN 202011487886 A CN202011487886 A CN 202011487886A CN 112813338 A CN112813338 A CN 112813338A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
Abstract
The invention provides H13 steel with high strength, toughness and wear resistance and a smelting method thereof, and relates to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy, wherein the smelting method comprises the following steps: s1: vacuumizing H13 hot work die steel at the later stage of smelting; s2: adjusting power to smelt; s3: stopping heating after full melting and introducing protective gas; s4: adding VN particles and adjusting power until VN is dissolved completely, and stopping heating; s5: adding nitrogen-chromium iron alloy and adjusting power until the nitrogen-chromium iron alloy is dissolved, and stopping heating; s6: and casting the steel ingot in the furnace. By adding VN particles and nitrogen-chromium iron alloy in the later stage of smelting, the H13 steel has higher hardness, strength, impact toughness and wear resistance.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy, in particular to H13 steel with high strength and toughness and wear resistance and a smelting method thereof.
[ background of the invention ]
Vanadium is one of the important elements in tool steel, and is mostly precipitated on a matrix and grain boundaries in the form of carbides, nitrides, and solid-solution or composite carbonitrides formed by the carbides and the nitrides. The V (C, N) precipitated phase can pin dislocation and play a certain role in grain boundary migration, so that martensite laths are refined and lath bundles are shorter; and the carbonitride precipitated phase effectively hinders dislocation slip in the deformation process, thereby improving the strength and reducing the plasticity and the toughness, namely V (C, N) plays the roles of precipitation strengthening and grain refinement. V is rarely added into steel as a single element, and is generally added into steel by adopting a ferrovanadium alloy and a vanadium-nitrogen alloy. Document 1: the doctor study of xu-Tou in doctor's paper of Kunming university (application study of VN alloy in high-speed steel [ D ].2005 ]) shows that vanadium-nitrogen alloy steel has lower toughness than vanadium-iron alloy steel, but has higher red hardness and smaller wear. The vanadium-nitrogen alloy steel mainly has VC and V (C, N) type carbon nitrides left after quenching and tempering, and the carbon nitrides exist in the states of annealing, quenching and tempering, which shows that the nitrogen-containing carbides have higher stability, and have good effect of improving the wear resistance of the steel. N can promote the action of V in steel, and the change of N content has influence on the action of vanadium-nitrogen alloy in steel. Document 2: zhang et al in Material science and engineering A (Effect of created N content on microstructure and tension properties of low-C V-microalloyed sections [ J ].2016,651.) studied the Effect of N element on the properties of low carbon vanadium type steel, and found that in low carbon vanadium type microalloyed steel, the effective grain size increases with the increase of N content, so that the dislocation density decreases, and the precipitation of fine particles is promoted. An increase in the N content increases the M/a component, thereby improving the overall strain stress capability of the microstructure and ultimately leading to an increase in tensile strength and a decrease in yield strength ratio. A small amount of V is added into the common wear-resistant steel, and has certain influence on the hardness, tensile strength, impact energy, wear resistance and the like of the material. Document 3: the research of Schering Yuan Lin shows that vanadium can prevent crystal grains from growing in high-speed tool steel, raise the red hardness and cutting capacity of steel, increase wear resistance and prolong the service life of high-speed tool.
Accordingly, there is a need to develop H13 steel having high toughness and wear resistance and a method of melting the same to address the deficiencies of the prior art and to address or mitigate one or more of the problems set forth above.
[ summary of the invention ]
In view of the above, the invention provides an H13 steel with high strength and toughness and wear resistance and a smelting method thereof, wherein the smelting method is characterized in that VN particles and a nitrogen-chromium iron alloy are added at the later stage of smelting, so that the H13 steel has higher hardness, strength, impact toughness and wear resistance.
In one aspect, the present invention provides a method of smelting H13 steel having high toughness and wear resistance, the method comprising the steps of:
s1: vacuumizing H13 hot work die steel at the later stage of smelting;
s2: adjusting power to smelt;
s3: stopping heating after full melting and introducing protective gas;
s4: adding VN particles and adjusting power until VN is dissolved completely, and stopping heating;
s5: adding nitrogen-chromium iron alloy and adjusting power until the nitrogen-chromium iron alloy is dissolved, and stopping heating;
s6: and casting the steel ingot in the furnace.
As for the above-mentioned aspect and any possible implementation manner, there is further provided an implementation manner, where the S1 specifically is: vacuumizing for 5min at 15-25 KW.
As for the above-mentioned aspect and any possible implementation manner, there is further provided an implementation manner, where the S2 specifically is: adjusting the power to 35-60KW for smelting.
As for the above-mentioned aspect and any possible implementation manner, there is further provided an implementation manner, where the S3 specifically is: VN particles wrapped in aluminium foil were added and the power was adjusted to 15-25KW until VN was dissolved and heating was stopped.
The aspect described above and any possible implementation manner further provide an implementation manner, wherein the VN particles in S4 are added in an amount of 0.1 to 0.5% by mass of the H13 hot work die steel, and the addition size is 1 to 10 mm.
The aspect and any possible implementation manner as described above, further providing an implementation manner that the content of V in the VN particles is 50 to 80%, and the yield is 40 to 90%; the N content is 10-18%, and the yield is 20-70%.
The above aspects and any possible implementation manners further provide an implementation manner, wherein the amount of the ferrochrome alloy added in the S5 accounts for 0.2-3% of the mass ratio of the H13 hot work die steel.
In the above aspect and any possible implementation manner, there is further provided an implementation manner, in S3, the protective gas is Ar, the pressure of Ar gas is 0.03 to 2Mpa, and the vacuum degree is 0.6 to 1.5 Pa.
The above aspect and any possible implementation manner further provide an implementation manner, where the post-smelting stage is: 5-15min before discharging.
The above aspects and any possible implementation further provide an H13 steel with high toughness and wear resistance, the H13 steel being (0.30% -0.40%) C; (0.80-1.20%) Si, (1.10-1.80%) Mo, (5.00-5.50%) Cr, (0.80-1.20%) V and (0-0.05%) N.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can obtain the following technical effects:
1. the H13 steel matrix has better obdurability and abrasive resistance, VN particles and nitrogen ferrochrome alloy are added, the precipitation temperature of vanadium carbonitride is higher in the solidification process, the precipitation amount is larger, martensite laths can be effectively refined, and thus the matrix with higher strength is obtained.
2. Besides obtaining a large amount of fine vanadium carbonitride, the steel can also be used as an effective nucleation site of an M23C6 phase, so that the phase is refined, grain boundary migration is effectively prevented, two main strengthening phases in the martensitic steel are effectively refined, and the aim that other elements are difficult to achieve is usually achieved.
3. The process is simple, the components are easy to adjust, and only protective gas needs to be introduced during smelting to prevent a large amount of N elements from being burnt.
4. The invention improves the wear resistance of the H13 steel while obtaining higher impact toughness and strength.
Of course, it is not necessary for any one product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described technical effects simultaneously.
[ description of the drawings ]
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a gold phase diagram of H13 steel with the addition of 0.1-0.5% VN particles and 0.2% -3% nitrogen ferrochrome provided by one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is an EBSD map of an alloy with the addition of 0.1-0.5% VN particles and 0.2% -3% nitrogen ferrochrome provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a topographical view of a tensile fracture with the addition of 0.1-0.5% VN particles and 0.2% -3% nitrogen ferrochrome alloy in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an SEM image of vanadium carbonitride with the addition of 0.1-0.5% VN particles and 0.2% -3% nitrogen ferrochrome alloy provided by one embodiment of the invention.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
For better understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, the following detailed descriptions of the embodiments of the present invention are provided with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The terminology used in the embodiments of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the examples of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The invention provides H13 steel with high strength and toughness and wear resistance and a smelting method thereof, and the smelting method increases the wear resistance of H13 steel on the basis of improving the strength and toughness of the H13 steel by adding VN particles and nitrogen ferrochrome alloy at the later stage of smelting. Wherein the addition amount of VN particles is 0.1-0.5%, and the addition size is 1-10 mm; the addition amount of the nitrogen-chromium iron alloy is 0.2 to 3 percent. The adding method comprises the following steps: and (5) in the later stage of smelting. The VN particles are VN alloy and comprise V elements and N elements, wherein the content of V in the VN particles is 70-80%, and the yield is 80-90%; the N content is 12-16%, and the yield is 30-45%. The N content in the nitrogen-chromium iron alloy is 3-20%, and the yield is 10-60%. H13 scrap steel is melted down and stops heating, Ar gas is introduced, VN particles wrapped by aluminum foil are added, the power is adjusted to 15-35KW for smelting, and the nitrogen ferrochrome alloy is added after melting down. Ar gas pressure is 0.03-2Mpa, vacuum degree is 0.6-1.5 Pa.
Example 1
The steel subjected to the overheating treatment is cut into small pieces of 10mm multiplied by 15mm, and the small pieces are polished on a polishing machine by using polishing paste of 0.5 mu m and are corroded by using 5% nitric acid solution after passing through 60#, 400#, 800#, 1000#, 1200#, 1500#, and 2000 #. The microstructure of the H13 steel was observed on an optical microscope of type OLYMPUSGX51, as shown in fig. 1.
Example 2
In contrast to example 1, electropolishing was used after sanding. The electrolytic polishing solution is 20% perchloric acid alcohol solution, the voltage is 20V, the current is 0.7A, and the room-temperature polishing is carried out for 25 s. The width of the martensitic lath and the orientation relationship between the phases in H13 steel were observed on an in-situ scanning auger probe of type PHI710, as shown in fig. 2.
Example 3
After the H13 steel tensile experiment is finished, the fracture morphology of the steel is observed by using a Gemini 500 field emission scanning electron microscope. The voltage is 20KV, the working distance is 13.4mm, the amplification factor is 2000, and secondary electrons emit signals. As shown in fig. 3, the dimples are equiaxed and have a small size, and are ductile to fracture.
Example 4
In contrast to example 3, the size and morphology of the MX phase of H13 steel was observed after addition of VN particles and nitrogen ferrochrome. As shown in FIG. 4, the MX-type reinforcing phase has a size of about 200nm and a spherical shape.
As can be seen from the examples 1, 2, 3 and 4, after VN particles and nitrogen-chromium iron alloy are added into H13 steel, the toughness is obviously improved, martensite laths are refined, and the structure is fine and uniform.
The details of the H13 steel with high toughness and wear resistance and the melting method thereof provided by the embodiments of the present application are described above. The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method of the present application and its core ideas; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.
As used in the specification and claims, certain terms are used to refer to particular components. As one skilled in the art will appreciate, manufacturers may refer to a component by different names. This specification and claims do not intend to distinguish between components that differ in name but not function. In the following description and in the claims, the terms "include" and "comprise" are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean "include, but not limited to. "substantially" means within an acceptable error range, and a person skilled in the art can solve the technical problem within a certain error range to substantially achieve the technical effect. The description which follows is a preferred embodiment of the present application, but is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the application and not for the purpose of limiting the scope of the application. The protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the definitions of the appended claims.
It is also noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a good or system that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such good or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a commodity or system that includes the element.
It should be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein is merely one type of association that describes an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.
The foregoing description shows and describes several preferred embodiments of the present application, but as aforementioned, it is to be understood that the application is not limited to the forms disclosed herein, but is not to be construed as excluding other embodiments and is capable of use in various other combinations, modifications, and environments and is capable of changes within the scope of the application as described herein, commensurate with the above teachings, or the skill or knowledge of the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, which is to be protected by the claims appended hereto.
Claims (10)
1. A smelting method of H13 steel with high strength and toughness and wear resistance, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: vacuumizing H13 hot work die steel at the later stage of smelting;
s2: adjusting power to smelt;
s3: stopping heating after full melting and introducing protective gas;
s4: adding VN particles and adjusting power until VN is dissolved completely, and stopping heating;
s5: adding nitrogen-chromium iron alloy and adjusting power until the nitrogen-chromium iron alloy is dissolved, and stopping heating;
s6: and casting the steel ingot in the furnace.
2. Smelting method according to claim 1, wherein said S1 is in particular: vacuumizing for 5min at 15-25 KW.
3. Smelting method according to claim 1, wherein said S2 is in particular: adjusting the power to 35-60KW for smelting.
4. Smelting method according to claim 1, wherein said S3 is in particular: VN particles wrapped in aluminium foil were added and the power was adjusted to 15-25KW until VN was dissolved and heating was stopped.
5. Smelting process according to claim 4, wherein the VN particles in S4 are added in a mass ratio of 0.1-0.5% to H13 hot work die steel, with an addition size of 1-10 mm.
6. Smelting process according to claim 4, wherein the VN particles have a V content of 50-80% and a yield of 40-90%; the N content is 10-18%, and the yield is 20-70%.
7. The smelting process according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the ferrochrome alloy containing nitrogen added in S5 is 0.2-3% of the mass ratio of H13 hot work die steel.
8. The smelting method according to claim 1, wherein the protective gas in S3 is Ar, the pressure of Ar gas is 0.03-2MPa, and the vacuum degree is 0.6-1.5 Pa.
9. Smelting process according to claim 2, wherein the post-smelting stage is: 5-15min before discharging.
10. H13 steel with high strength and toughness and wear resistance, obtained on the basis of the melting method according to one of the claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the H13 steel is (0.30-0.40%) C; (0.80-1.20%) Si, (1.10-1.80%) Mo, (5.00-5.50%) Cr, (0.80-1.20%) V and (0-0.05%) N.
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| CN202011487886.9A CN112813338A (en) | 2020-12-16 | 2020-12-16 | H13 steel with high strength, toughness and wear resistance and smelting method thereof |
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| CN202011487886.9A CN112813338A (en) | 2020-12-16 | 2020-12-16 | H13 steel with high strength, toughness and wear resistance and smelting method thereof |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101709423A (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2010-05-19 | 北京科技大学 | Method for improving properties of H13 die steel by adding nitrogen |
| CN107475641A (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2017-12-15 | 湖南长高新材料股份有限公司 | High-speed steel roll and preparation method thereof |
| CN108220766A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2018-06-29 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A kind of Cr-V series hot die steels and preparation method thereof |
| CN110643896A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-01-03 | 天津理工大学 | Ultra-supercritical high-nitrogen martensite cast steel and preparation method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-12-16 CN CN202011487886.9A patent/CN112813338A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101709423A (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2010-05-19 | 北京科技大学 | Method for improving properties of H13 die steel by adding nitrogen |
| CN108220766A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2018-06-29 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A kind of Cr-V series hot die steels and preparation method thereof |
| CN107475641A (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2017-12-15 | 湖南长高新材料股份有限公司 | High-speed steel roll and preparation method thereof |
| CN110643896A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-01-03 | 天津理工大学 | Ultra-supercritical high-nitrogen martensite cast steel and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 朱鸿民主编: "《冶金研究 2008年》", 31 March 2008, 北京：冶金工业出版社 * |
| 李云凯，薛云飞编著: "《金属材料学 第3版》", 31 January 2019, 北京：北京理工大学出版社 * |
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Application publication date: 20210518 |