CN112813256A - Copper-containing sludge sintering machine - Google Patents
Copper-containing sludge sintering machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN112813256A CN112813256A CN202011602727.9A CN202011602727A CN112813256A CN 112813256 A CN112813256 A CN 112813256A CN 202011602727 A CN202011602727 A CN 202011602727A CN 112813256 A CN112813256 A CN 112813256A
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- copper
- hopper
- ignition
- containing sludge
- sintering
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- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 85
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 40
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 33
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 22
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001698 pyrogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JJLJMEJHUUYSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L Copper hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Cu+2] JJLJMEJHUUYSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000005750 Copper hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001956 copper hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrogallol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
- C22B1/22—Sintering; Agglomerating in other sintering apparatus
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a copper-containing sludge sintering machine which comprises a hearth, a grate arranged below the hearth, an ignition hopper and at least two distributing hoppers, wherein the ignition hopper and the at least two distributing hoppers are sequentially distributed above the grate in the advancing direction of the grate, a combustion chamber is arranged in the ignition hopper, an air induction port is further arranged in the combustion chamber, and a first ignition hopper and a second ignition hopper are arranged in the ignition hopper. The invention also provides a using method of the sintering machine, and the method greatly improves the air permeability of the copper-containing sludge layer through multiple times of material distribution, obviously improves the speed of the sludge dehydration process and the ignition sintering process, greatly shortens the sintering time of the unit copper-containing sludge, reduces the sintering energy consumption, reduces the fuel rate from 15% to 12% -13% and improves the productivity by 20% under the same condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of resource utilization of copper-containing sludge, in particular to a copper-containing sludge sintering machine.
Background
The copper-containing sludge is sludge mainly containing precipitates such as copper hydroxide, sulfide and the like, and is produced in the copper-containing wastewater treatment process in the metal surface treatment industry, the printed circuit board industry, the electroplating industry and the wire and cable industry.
The copper-containing sludge often contains a plurality of heavy metals and complex components, wherein hydroxides of the heavy metals such as copper, nickel, zinc, chromium and the like are in an unstable state, and if the heavy metals are randomly stacked, the heavy metals are likely to be dissolved out again under the rainwater leaching action, so that the soil or underground water is polluted, and the environmental ecology is damaged. Thus, this type of sludge has been listed in the national records of hazardous waste (2016 edition), the hazardous waste categories being HW17 (surface treatment waste) and HW22 (copper-containing waste). On the other hand, as mineral resources are gradually exhausted, the comprehensive utilization of resources and the development of circular economy become inevitable choices. The valuable metal content in the copper-containing sludge is usually higher than the primary mineral resource exploitation grade, the copper content is more than 1 percent, and individually even can reach more than 15 percent (dry basis), and simultaneously, a certain amount of precious metals such as gold, palladium and the like are also contained. The method is used as a cheap and huge secondary resource, valuable metals in the secondary resource are enriched and recovered by using a proper process, so that the environmental hazard is reduced, the circular economy is developed, a conservation-oriented society is built, the continuous exhaustion of the metal resources can be slowed down, and the national metal resource guarantee degree is improved.
The resource utilization process of the copper-containing sludge comprises a wet leaching process and a pyrogenic smelting process, the pyro smelting processes are more in the prior art, and the main processes comprise a closed blast furnace smelting process and an oxygen-enriched molten pool smelting process.
The copper-containing sludge contains various heavy metals, has complex components and high water content of 60-70%, is very viscous and has no fixed form, and the copper-containing sludge needs to be pretreated before being smelted by a pyrogenic process. The prior copper-containing sludge pretreatment process mainly comprises drying and sintering, and mainly comprises sintering. The sintering pretreatment process is to mix copper-containing sludge and fuel (usually coke powder or coal powder) and then carry out pelletizing, then carry out cloth sintering, send air to support combustion, heat the material layer for combustion, melt the low-melting-point component into liquid phase, and gradually cool the liquid phase to stick the difficult-to-melt components together to form block-shaped materials, namely sintering blocks. The sintering pretreatment can completely volatilize the water in the copper-containing sludge, and directly sinter the powder-shaped sludge into blocks, so that the copper-containing sludge has large porosity, high strength and excellent metallurgical performance and is convenient for subsequent smelting. In addition, the sintering pretreatment can enable organic matters and sulfur-containing components in the copper-containing sludge to be combusted and decomposed, and the quality of materials entering a furnace in a smelting link is improved, so that the condition of the smelting furnace is improved, and the quality of a smelted metal product is improved.
The existing copper-containing sludge sintering machine is a traditional sintering machine for sintering nonferrous metal mineral powder, but the property difference between the nonferrous metal concentrate powder and the copper-containing sludge is very large, the water content is low (less than 10 percent), the material is dispersed and is not sticky, and the material layer has good air permeability, so that the direct use of the sintering machine has a plurality of inapplicable parts and mainly has the following technical problems:
1. the copper-containing sludge has the water content of 60-70 percent, is in a sludge lump shape and is very viscous, the material distribution device of the existing copper-containing sludge sintering machine is simple, only has one-time material distribution, the material distribution layer is thick, the air permeability is poor, and the speeds of the sludge dehydration process and the ignition sintering process are very slow, so that the problems of large fuel consumption, insufficient combustion, long sintering time, high energy consumption, low yield and the like are caused;
2. the method has the advantages that the copper-containing sludge is wide in source, various in production process, the copper-containing sludge of different manufacturers has large water content difference and large difference in dehydration difficulty, the thickness of a material layer in a sintering furnace of the existing copper-containing sludge is fixed, the thickness of the material layer in the furnace cannot be adjusted in real time according to the condition of the sludge entering the furnace and the condition of sintering in the furnace in the sintering process, the process flexibility is poor, the change of the water content of the sludge makes the sintering process unstable, the quality of a sintered product is unstable, and the phenomenon that a sintered block is mixed with raw;
3. the existing copper-containing sludge sintering machine is one-time material distribution, materials are often combined into a whole with a huge volume, a large crusher is required to be used for crushing the materials into small blocks during discharging, a lot of powder is generated in the crushing process, and the sintering blocking rate is reduced; the powder also needs to be re-melted and sintered, so that the effective capacity is occupied, and the energy consumption is increased;
4. the existing copper-containing sludge sintering machine uses air to support combustion, and the air is directly discharged after passing through a sinter bed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a copper-containing sludge sintering machine, which solves the problems of low sintering speed, low yield, unstable operation and high energy consumption of the sintering machine in the prior art.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the copper-containing sludge sintering machine comprises a hearth, a grate arranged below the hearth, an ignition hopper and at least two distributing hoppers, wherein the ignition hopper and the at least two distributing hoppers are sequentially distributed above the grate in the advancing direction of the grate, a combustion chamber is arranged in the ignition hopper, an air induction port is further arranged in the combustion chamber, and a first ignition hopper and a second ignition hopper are arranged in the ignition hopper.
Further, the sintering machine also comprises a box body and a cover, the fire grate is arranged in the box body, the distributing hopper is arranged on the cover, and the first ignition hopper and the second ignition hopper are arranged on the box body.
Further, a smoke circulating port and a smoke discharging port are arranged on the machine cover, wherein a backflow proportional valve is arranged on the smoke circulating port.
Further, the first ignition hopper, the second ignition hopper and the combustion chamber are sequentially arranged along the advancing direction of the fire grate.
Furthermore, the sintering machine also comprises a plurality of temperature measuring devices which are arranged between two adjacent distributing hoppers and between the first distributing hopper and the ignition hopper.
Furthermore, the two sides of the distributing hopper are provided with flashboards which move up and down.
Furthermore, the grate is annular, and a plurality of ventilation channels are arranged in the annular grate.
Furthermore, a driving roller is arranged at the front end of the fire grate, a driven roller is arranged at the rear end of the fire grate, and the air duct is arranged between the driving roller and the driven roller.
Further, the quantity of cloth fill is four, wherein, first cloth fill distance ignition bucket exit distance is 2m, the second cloth fill distance is first cloth fill distance is 4m, the third cloth fill distance is second cloth fill distance is 4m, the fourth cloth fill distance is third cloth fill distance is 4 m.
Further, the front-rear wheel base of the grate is 25 m.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
through multiple times of material distribution, the air permeability of the copper-containing sludge material layer is greatly improved, the speed of the sludge dehydration process and the ignition sintering process is obviously improved, the unit copper-containing sludge sintering time is greatly shortened, the sintering energy consumption is reduced, under the same condition, the fuel rate is reduced from 15% to 12% -13%, and the productivity is improved by 20%;
the upper temperature of the material layer of the section can accurately reflect the sintering condition of the material layer of the section and the water content condition of the copper-containing sludge at present, the material distribution thickness of each material layer of the section can be adjusted in real time according to the temperatures detected by a plurality of temperature measuring devices between two adjacent material distribution hoppers and between the first material distribution hopper and the ignition hopper, the change of the water content of various copper-containing sludge can be adapted, the sintering process can be stably operated, the phenomenon of sintering block half-fire or overburning can be eliminated, and the stable quality of products can be ensured;
the multiple material distributing hoppers are arranged, copper-containing sludge to be sintered can be distributed and sintered in a layered mode in a grading mode, and the copper-containing sludge is not sintered at one time by a traditional sintering machine, so that an interface is formed between material layers of the material distribution at each time, multiple interfaces exist in the final sintering material layer, and the bonding force of the interfaces is weak, so that sintered ore can be automatically broken and separated into sintered blocks with the particle size of 100-200 mm during sintering and discharging, crushing is not needed, the problem that a large amount of powder is generated in the crushing process is solved, the sintered block forming rate is increased from 70% to about 85%, and the return amount of the powder is remarkably reduced;
the cover is provided with a flue gas circulation port and a flue gas discharge port, wherein the flue gas circulation port is provided with a reflux proportional valve, so that heat carried by circulating flue gas can be utilized to heat new oxygen-containing airflow, the drying and sintering speed of copper-containing sludge is improved, the heat loss can be reduced, the oxygen utilization rate is improved, and the fuel consumption is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of an embodiment of the present invention;
in the above drawings:
1. a hearth; 2. a grate; 3. an ignition bucket; 4. a cloth hopper; 5. a combustion chamber; 6. an air inducing port; 7. a first ignition hopper; 8. a second ignition hopper; 9. a temperature measuring device; 10. a shutter plate; 11. an air duct; 12. a drive roll; 13. a driven roller; 14. a box body; 15. a machine cover; 16. a flue gas circulation port; 17. a smoke discharge port.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a copper-containing sludge sintering machine, which includes a furnace 1 and a grate 2 disposed below the furnace 1, the sintering machine further includes an ignition hopper 3 and at least two distribution hoppers 4 sequentially arranged above the grate 2 along an advancing direction of the grate 2, a combustion chamber 5 is disposed in the ignition hopper 3, wherein an air induction port 6 is further disposed in the combustion chamber 5, and when four distribution hoppers 4 are disposed, a better sintering effect can be achieved; wherein a first ignition hopper 7 and a second ignition hopper 8 are arranged in the ignition hopper 3.
This embodiment has realized a lot of cloth through ignition fill 3 and a plurality of cloth fill 4, can be with the copper-containing mud layering cloth sintering of treating the sintering, and the disposable cloth sintering of non-traditional sintering machine makes the gas permeability on copper-containing mud bed of material very improve like this, and sludge dewatering process is showing with the sintering process speed that ignites and promotes, and unit copper-containing mud sintering time shortens by a wide margin, and the sintering energy consumption reduces, and under the same circumstances, the fuel rate reduces to 12% -13% by 15%, and the productivity improves 20%.
Preferably, when the quantity of cloth fill 4 is four, wherein, first cloth fill 4 is apart from 3 export distances of ignition fill are 2m, the second cloth fill 4 is apart from first cloth fill 4 is apart from 4m, the third cloth fill 4 is apart from the second cloth fill 4 is apart from 4m, the fourth cloth fill 4 is apart from the third cloth fill 4 is apart from 4 m.
Preferably, the grate 2 has a wheelbase of 25 m.
In addition, an interface is formed between the material layers of the material distribution each time, a plurality of interfaces exist in the final sintering material layer, and the bonding force of the interfaces is weak, so that when sintering and discharging are carried out, a sintering ore can be automatically fractured and separated into sintering blocks with the particle size of 100mm-200mm, crushing is not needed, the problem that a large amount of powder is generated in the crushing process is further solved, the sintering blocking rate is increased from 70% to about 85%, and the return amount of the powder is remarkably reduced.
Preferably, the sintering machine further comprises a box body 14 and a cover 15 arranged above the hearth 1, the fire grate 2 is arranged in the box body 14, the space above the fire grate 2 is the hearth 1, the upper end of the hearth is closed by the cover, namely, the bottom surface of the hearth 1 is the upper surface of the fire grate 2, materials move on the fire grate 2 for sintering, namely, the space where the materials are located is in the hearth 1, the distributing hopper 4 is arranged on the cover 15, the first ignition hopper 7 and the second ignition hopper 8 are arranged on the box body 14, the cover 15 is provided with a flue gas circulation port 16 and a flue gas discharge port 17, wherein a backflow proportion valve is arranged on the flue gas circulation port 16, so that heat carried by circulating flue gas can be utilized to heat new oxygen-containing airflow, the drying and sintering speed of copper-containing sludge is improved, the heat energy loss can be reduced, and the oxygen utilization rate can be improved, the fuel consumption is reduced.
Preferably, the first ignition hopper 7, the second ignition hopper 8 and the combustion chamber 5 are arranged in sequence along the advancing direction of the fire grate 2. The material in the first ignition hopper 7 is ignited, the first ignition material can be biomass fuel such as chaff and the like, the ignited chaff moves forward along with the fire grate 2, the material to be sintered is arranged in the second ignition hopper 8 and is fed onto the combusted chaff layer from the hopper, the material layer moves forward along with the fire grate 2 and enters the combustion chamber 5, an air induction port 6 is arranged in the combustion chamber 5, the air induction port 6 continuously exhausts air from the combustion chamber 5, so that the material layer passing through the combustion chamber 5 is rapidly ignited and violently combusted, a high-heat primer layer is formed to serve as a primer for igniting the subsequent material layer, the smooth start of the sintering process is ensured, the arranged ignition hopper 3 is connected with the hearth 1 and the cover 15, and the primer layer comes out from the ignition hopper 3 and then enters the inside of the hearth 1.
Preferably, the sintering machine further comprises a plurality of temperature measuring devices 9 arranged between two adjacent distributing hoppers 4 and between the first distributing hopper 4 and the ignition hopper 3. The temperature measuring device 9 is a thermocouple or an infrared thermometer and is used for measuring the temperature of the material layer, the temperature measuring device 9 is arranged in the middle of the hearth 1, and the temperature measuring device 9 can be other devices capable of measuring the temperature.
Preferably, the two sides of the distribution hopper 4 are provided with the gate plates 10 which move up and down, the gate plates 10 are adjusted up and down according to the temperature measured by the temperature measuring device 9, the higher the temperature measured by the temperature measuring device 9 is, the larger the lifting height of the gate plates 10 is, the lower the temperature measured by the temperature measuring device 9 is, and the smaller the lifting height of the gate plates 10 is, so that the matching between the temperature and the material layer thickness is realized, and the sintering is fully performed.
Preferably, the width of the gate plate 10 is the same as the width of the interior of the hearth 1 and the width of the fire grate 2, so that the material can be distributed on the upper surface of the whole fire grate 2, the section thickness of the material layer is consistent, combustion-supporting air can uniformly pass through the whole material layer, and the sintering process can be stably carried out.
Preferably, the grate 2 is annular and a plurality of ventilation ducts 11 are arranged in the ring, oxygen-containing airflow obtained by mixing circulating flue gas and new oxygen-containing airflow is blown in from the lower part of the grate 2 through the ventilation ducts 11 by an external blower, the airflow penetrates through the material layer to complete sintering of the material layer from bottom to top, wherein the ventilation ducts 11 can uniformly send wind to the upper surface of the whole grate 2, so that all the material layers on the upper surface of the grate 2 are stably sintered.
Preferably, the front end of the fire grate 2 is provided with a driving roller 12, the rear end of the fire grate is provided with a driven roller 13, the air duct 11 is arranged between the driving roller 12 and the driven roller 13, the driving roller 12 is connected with an external speed reducer and an external power motor, the driving roller 12 is provided with a gear, and the gear is embedded with the fire grate 2 to drive the fire grate 2 to move forwards.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for sintering copper-containing sludge by using the sintering machine in embodiment 1, which comprises the steps of loading ignition materials in a first ignition hopper 7, loading materials to be sintered in a second ignition hopper 8 and a distributing hopper 4, wherein four distributing hoppers 4 are arranged, igniting the ignition materials in the first ignition hopper 7, enabling the ignited ignition materials to advance along with a fire grate 2, covering the materials to be sintered in the second ignition hopper 8, enabling the ignited ignition materials and the materials to be sintered covered on the ignition materials to enter a combustion chamber 5 along with the fire grate 2 to be combusted to form a high-heat bottom fire layer, enabling the bottom fire layer to advance along with the fire grate 2, enabling the materials to be sintered in the distributing hopper 4 to sequentially cover the bottom fire layer in the advancing process, and gradually increasing the temperature from less than 150 ℃ to more than 350 ℃ along with the advancing process of the fire grate 2 in a hearth 1 to sinter the materials to be sintered, the agglomerates formed after sintering exit the sintering machine from the chest 14.
Preferably, the temperature measuring devices 9 arranged between the first distribution hopper 4 and the ignition hopper 3 and between the subsequent distribution hoppers 4 measure the temperature respectively as T1, T2, T3 and T4,
when the temperature T1 is less than 150 ℃, the thickness of the material layer in the first distributing hopper 4 is 130-170 mm, and especially when the thickness is 150mm, the sintering effect is good,
when the temperature is more than 150 ℃ and less than T1 and less than 200 ℃, the thickness of the material layer in the first distributing hopper 4 is 170-230 mm, and particularly when the thickness is 200mm, the sintering effect is good,
when the temperature T1 is more than 200 ℃, the thickness of the material layer in the first distributing hopper 4 is 230-270 mm, and particularly when the thickness is 250mm, the sintering effect is good;
when the temperature T2 is less than 250 ℃, the thickness of the material layer in the second distributing hopper 4 is 170-230 mm, and especially when the thickness is 200mm, the sintering effect is good,
when the temperature is more than 250 ℃ and less than T2 and less than 300 ℃, the thickness of the material layer in the second distributing hopper 4 is 230-270 mm, and particularly when the thickness is 250mm, the sintering effect is good,
when the temperature T2 is more than 300 ℃, the thickness of the material layer in the second material distribution hopper 4 is 270-330 mm, and particularly when the thickness is 300mm, the sintering effect is good;
when the temperature T3 is less than 250 ℃, the thickness of the material layer in the third distributing hopper 4 is 170-230 mm, and especially when the thickness is 200mm, the sintering effect is good,
when the temperature is more than 250 ℃ and less than T3 and less than 300 ℃, the thickness of the material layer in the third distributing hopper 4 is 230-270 mm, and especially when the thickness is 250mm, the sintering effect is good,
when the temperature T3 is more than 300 ℃, the thickness of the material layer in the third material distribution hopper 4 is 270-330 mm, and especially when the thickness is 300mm, the sintering effect is good;
when the temperature T4 is less than 300 ℃, the thickness of the material layer in the fourth distributing hopper 4 is 230-270 mm, especially when the thickness is 250mm, the sintering effect is good,
when the temperature is more than 300 ℃ and less than T3 and less than 350 ℃, the thickness of the material layer in the third distributing hopper 4 is 270-330 mm, and especially when the thickness is 300mm, the sintering effect is good,
when the temperature T3 is more than 350 ℃, the thickness of the material layer in the third distributing hopper 4 is 330-370 mm, and especially when the thickness is 350mm, the sintering effect is good;
the thickness of the material layer in the first ignition hopper 7 is 50-70 mm, and the thickness of the material layer in the second ignition hopper 8 is 150-200 mm.
More preferably, the thickness of the material layer in the first ignition hopper 7 is 60mm, and the thickness of the material layer in the second ignition hopper 8 is 180 mm.
In the embodiment, the thickness of the material layer added each time is controlled to be 150mm-400mm as much as possible, because the material layer is thin and has good air permeability, but the volume of the thin material layer is greatly reduced after dehydration and sintering due to the high water content of the copper-containing sludge, and the volume of a sintered block is smaller or the blocking rate is reduced due to the excessively thin material layer; the material layer is too thick, so that the air permeability of the material layer is easily deteriorated, the drying dehydration and sintering speed of the material layer are influenced, the whole sintering process and the production capacity are further influenced, and the thickness of the material layer increased at each section needs to be reasonably controlled;
the upper temperature of each section of material layer can accurately reflect the sintering condition of the material layer and the water content condition of the current copper-containing sludge, so that the thickness of each section of material is adjusted in real time to adapt to the change of the water content of various copper-containing sludge, the sintering process can be stably operated, the phenomenon of sintering block undercooking or overburning is eliminated, and the stable quality of products is ensured.
The results of sintering copper-containing sludge using the method and sintering machine provided by the present invention were compared with the results of sintering copper-containing sludge using the method and sintering machine of the prior art, and the results are shown in the following table:
| existing sintering machine 1 | Existing sintering |
Sintering machine 1 of the | Sintering machine | 2 of the invention | |
| Copper-containing sludge Water content (%) | 64.5 | 55.9 | 65.8 | 58.4 | |
| Fuel rate (coke powder,%) | 15 | 15 | 13 | 12 | |
| Travel distance (m) during sintering | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | |
| Copper-containing sludge treatment amount (t/d) | 230.7 | 245.8 | 268.4 | 278.5 | |
| Sintering blocking Rate (%) | 71.6 | 68.1 | 86.8 | 83.1 | |
| Agglomerate size (mm) | 300-500 | 300-500 | 100-200 | 100-200 | |
| Temperature of discharged flue gas (. degree. C.) | 300-350 | 300-350 | About 250 of | About 250 of | |
| Oxygen content of discharged flue gas | About 17 percent | About 17 percent | About 15 percent | About 15 percent |
Note: the above experiments were performed in duplicate.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The copper-containing sludge sintering machine is characterized by comprising a hearth, a grate arranged below the hearth, an ignition hopper and at least two distributing hoppers, wherein the ignition hopper and the at least two distributing hoppers are sequentially distributed above the grate in the advancing direction of the grate, a combustion chamber is arranged in the ignition hopper, an air induction port is further arranged in the combustion chamber, and a first ignition hopper and a second ignition hopper are arranged in the ignition hopper.
2. The copper-containing sludge sintering machine according to claim 1, further comprising a box body and a cover, wherein the grate is disposed in the box body, the distribution hopper is disposed on the cover, and the first ignition hopper and the second ignition hopper are disposed on the box body.
3. The copper-containing sludge sintering machine according to claim 2, wherein the machine cover is provided with a flue gas circulation port and a flue gas discharge port, wherein the flue gas circulation port is provided with a reflux proportional valve.
4. The copper-containing sludge sintering machine according to claim 1, wherein the first ignition hopper, the second ignition hopper and the combustion chamber are arranged in sequence along the advancing direction of the grate.
5. The copper-containing sludge sintering machine according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of temperature measuring devices disposed between two adjacent ones of said hoppers and between a first one of said hoppers and said ignition hopper.
6. The copper-containing sludge sintering machine according to claim 1, wherein the distribution hopper is provided with shutters moving up and down on both sides.
7. The copper-containing sludge sintering machine according to claim 1, wherein the grate is annular and a plurality of ventilation ducts are arranged in the annular.
8. The copper-containing sludge sintering machine according to claim 7, wherein the grate is provided with a driving roll at the front end and a driven roll at the rear end, and the ventilation duct is arranged between the driving roll and the driven roll.
9. The copper-containing sludge sintering machine according to claim 1, wherein the number of said distribution hoppers is four, wherein the first of said distribution hoppers is 2m from the outlet of said ignition hopper, the second of said distribution hoppers is 4m from the first of said distribution hoppers, the third of said distribution hoppers is 4m from the second of said distribution hoppers, and the fourth of said distribution hoppers is 4m from the third of said distribution hoppers.
10. The copper-containing sludge sintering machine according to claim 9, wherein the front-rear wheelbase of the grate is 25 m.
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| CN202011602727.9A CN112813256A (en) | 2020-12-29 | 2020-12-29 | Copper-containing sludge sintering machine |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB852719A (en) * | 1958-05-17 | 1960-10-26 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Improvements in or relating to the sintering of ores |
| CN205774718U (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-12-07 | 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 | A kind of iron ore prereduction sintering equipment |
| CN106282542A (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2017-01-04 | 上海梅山钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of collaborative discharge-reducing method of sintering process multiple pollutant |
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2020
- 2020-12-29 CN CN202011602727.9A patent/CN112813256A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB852719A (en) * | 1958-05-17 | 1960-10-26 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Improvements in or relating to the sintering of ores |
| CN106282542A (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2017-01-04 | 上海梅山钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of collaborative discharge-reducing method of sintering process multiple pollutant |
| CN205774718U (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-12-07 | 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 | A kind of iron ore prereduction sintering equipment |
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