CN112811761A - Method and system for recovering macromolecular substances in sludge - Google Patents
Method and system for recovering macromolecular substances in sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN112811761A CN112811761A CN202011539843.0A CN202011539843A CN112811761A CN 112811761 A CN112811761 A CN 112811761A CN 202011539843 A CN202011539843 A CN 202011539843A CN 112811761 A CN112811761 A CN 112811761A
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000009283 thermal hydrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 10
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002881 soil fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/122—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using filter presses
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
- C02F11/143—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents using inorganic substances
Abstract
The invention provides a method and a system for recovering macromolecular substances in sludge, which can solve the technical problem of recovering protein and humic acid in the sludge. A method for recovering macromolecular substances in sludge is characterized in that sludge subjected to thermal hydrolysis is subjected to solid-liquid separation to obtain filtrate, ammonium sulfate is added into the filtrate, the pH of the filtrate is adjusted to acidity by sulfuric acid, so that protein and humic acid form precipitates, and the protein, humic acid and carbohydrate precipitates are collected by filtration to realize resource utilization of the sludge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sludge treatment and disposal, in particular to a method and a system for recovering macromolecular substances in sludge.
Background
The treatment and disposal of sludge is a worldwide problem. The urban development of the country leads to the continuous increase of the discharge amount of sewage, and further leads to the continuous increase of the output of sludge which is a product of sewage treatment. In sludge treatment, up to 70% of the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) ends up in the sludge. In the past, sludge was used directly as land fertilizer or landfill treatment. However, the presence of pathogens, organic pollutants, heavy metals and emerging organic pollutants in sludge poses a significant risk to the environment.
The thermal hydrolysis technology can effectively degrade pathogens and organic pollutants in the sludge, improve the dehydration performance of the sludge, realize harmlessness and reduction of the sludge, destroy cells and release biomacromolecules in the cells, such as protein and humic acid. These biomacromolecules would be of high commercial value if they could be separated from the sludge. The protein and humic acid in the sludge can be used as fertilizer and feed, the humic acid is cellular humic acid, the activity of the cellular humic acid is higher than that of mineral humic acid by more than 60%, the fertilizer saving effect is very obvious, and meanwhile, the dosage of antibiotics can be effectively reduced after the feed is added.
The thermal hydrolysis technology of sludge is a commonly used technology for sludge pretreatment at present, for example, Chinese patent document CN103121777A discloses a sludge treatment and comprehensive utilization method based on thermal hydrolysis and application thereof, the method comprises the following steps: injecting sludge with the water content of 75-90% into a reaction kettle, then injecting saturated steam with the pressure of 1.5-2.5 MPa into a thermal hydrolysis reaction device, stopping injecting the saturated steam when the temperature of the sludge reaches 150-185 ℃, and keeping for 0-25 minutes to obtain thermally hydrolyzed slurry; the mud is subjected to anaerobic digestion reaction to prepare methane; chinese patent document CN102826730A discloses a combined pretreatment method of anaerobic digestion sludge by thermal hydrolysis and ultrasonic waves, which comprises preheating sludge to 50-60 ℃, performing thermal hydrolysis reaction at 118-122 ℃ for 30 minutes, cooling the sludge after thermal hydrolysis by a heat exchanger, introducing the sludge into an ultrasonic reactor, treating the sludge by ultrasonic waves with the frequency of 20-28KHz and the sound energy density of 0.33W/mL for 30-60 minutes, and directly introducing the sludge after thermal hydrolysis and ultrasonic wave treatment into an anaerobic digestion reaction system to prepare methane. Chinese patent document CN104355511A discloses a sludge pyrohydrolysis method and a system thereof, the method comprises the processes of sludge slurrying, sludge pyrohydrolysis, sludge pressure relief and flash evaporation, sludge digestion treatment and centrifugal dehydration, biomass energy in sludge is recovered in the form of methane, and the method can effectively remove organic matters in sludge, reduce sludge digestion time and improve sludge treatment efficiency in a mode of pyrohydrolysis and flash evaporation. However, these documents only convert the organic substances in the sludge into biogas, belong to indirect recovery of energy in the sludge, and do not directly recycle the protein and humic acid in the sludge.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a system for recovering macromolecular substances in sludge, which can solve the technical problem of recovering protein and humic acid in the sludge and realize resource utilization of the sludge.
The technical scheme is that the method for recovering the macromolecular substances in the sludge is characterized in that the sludge after the thermal hydrolysis is subjected to solid-liquid separation to obtain a filtrate, ammonium sulfate is added into the filtrate, the pH of the filtrate is adjusted to be acidic through sulfuric acid, so that protein and humic acid form a precipitate, and the protein and humic acid precipitate is collected through filtration.
Further, the method comprises the steps of,
(1) slurrying sludge, namely preheating and stirring the sludge with the water content of 80-98%, wherein the preheating temperature is 60-90 ℃;
(2) performing thermal hydrolysis on the sludge, performing thermal hydrolysis reaction on the preheated sludge, wherein the thermal hydrolysis temperature is maintained at 120-220 ℃, and the thermal hydrolysis reaction time is maintained at 30-120 min;
(3) adding a medicament and filtering, performing solid-liquid separation on sludge after thermal hydrolysis, adding ammonium sulfate and sulfuric acid into filtrate obtained by separation, stirring to ensure that the concentration of the ammonium sulfate in the filtrate is 0.3-0.5 g/mL and the pH is = 2-5, filtering the stirred filtrate, and separating to obtain a solid phase, namely, protein and humic acid precipitate in the filtrate.
Further, in the step (1), the sludge includes primary sludge, excess sludge, concentrated sludge and mixed sludge.
Further, in the step (1), the water content of the sludge is kept at 92%.
Further, in the step (2), the thermal hydrolysis temperature is maintained at 160 ℃ and the thermal hydrolysis reaction time is maintained at 60 min.
Further, in the step (2), the temperature of the sludge subjected to thermal hydrolysis is reduced to be below 70 ℃ through a heat exchange device, and the sludge with the water content of 80% -98% in the step (1) is preheated after the heat of the sludge subjected to thermal hydrolysis is absorbed by the heat exchange device.
Further, in the step (3), the concentration of ammonium sulfate in the filtrate was 0.5g/ml, and the pH of the filtrate was = 2.
The method has the beneficial effects that:
(1) by adding ammonium sulfate into the sludge filtrate after the thermal hydrolysis and adjusting the pH value of the filtrate, the protein and humic acid in the sludge can be precipitated, the direct recovery of the protein and humic acid is realized, and the recycling of the biomass energy in the sludge is realized;
(2) the sludge is treated by the thermal hydrolysis reaction, and no additional chemical flocculant, coagulant aid, filter aid and the like are needed, so that the production cost is reduced, and the method is green and environment-friendly;
(3) the sludge is treated by the thermal hydrolysis reaction, the reduction and harmless production of the sludge can be realized, and the obtained filter cake can be used as landfill, soil fertilizer and the like.
A system for recovering macromolecular substances in sludge is characterized in that: include the sludge storage tank, pulp jar, high temperature reaction cauldron, heat transfer device, sheet frame filter pressing device, raw materials jar and the filter equipment who connects gradually through the pipeline, heat transfer device's tube side both ends are respectively through pipeline and high temperature reaction cauldron's sludge outlet, sheet frame filter pressing device's mud entry linkage, heat transfer device's shell side both ends are connected through inlet, the liquid outlet that the heat transfer of pipeline and pulp jar pressed the cover respectively, the system still includes ammonium sulfate storage tank and sulphuric acid storage tank, ammonium sulfate storage tank and sulphuric acid storage tank pass through the tube coupling raw materials jar.
Further, the stock solution tank and the slurrying tank are both provided with a stirrer.
Further, the plate frame filter pressing device is replaced by a centrifugal dehydration device and a belt filter pressing device.
Furthermore, a filter screen with the diameter of 0.22 μm is arranged in the filter device.
The system of the invention has the following effective effects:
(1) sludge filtrate subjected to filter pressing by a plate and frame filter pressing device is temporarily stored in a raw liquid tank, ammonium sulfate and sulfuric acid are added into the raw liquid tank through an ammonium sulfate storage tank and a sulfuric acid storage tank, so that protein and humic acid in sludge can be precipitated, the direct recovery of the protein and the humic acid is realized, and the recycling of biomass energy in the sludge is realized;
(2) the sludge is treated through the pyrohydrolysis reaction of the high-temperature reaction kettle, and no additional chemical flocculant, coagulant aid, filter aid and the like are needed, so that the production cost is reduced, and the method is green and environment-friendly;
(3) the sludge is treated by the pyrohydrolysis reaction of the high-temperature reaction kettle, the reduction and harmless production of the sludge can be realized, and the obtained filter cake can be used as landfill, soil fertilizer and the like.
(4) Be provided with heat transfer device between high temperature reation kettle and the sheet frame filter pressing device, can carry out the heat recovery operation to the mud after the pyrohydrolysis to be used for the preheating treatment of pulp jar with the heat of retrieving, can the energy saving, environmental protection more.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To better illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a system for recovering macromolecular substances in sludge comprises a sludge storage tank, a slurrying tank, a high-temperature reaction kettle (i.e. a hydrolysis reaction kettle), a heat exchange device, a plate-and-frame filter pressing device, a raw liquid tank and a filtering device which are sequentially connected through a pipeline, wherein two ends of a tube pass of the heat exchange device are respectively connected with a sludge outlet of the high-temperature reaction kettle and a sludge inlet of the plate-and-frame filter pressing device through pipelines, two ends of a shell pass of the heat exchange device are respectively connected with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet of a heat exchange jacket of the slurrying tank through pipelines, the system further comprises an ammonium sulfate storage tank and a sulfuric acid storage tank, and; the stock solution tank and the slurrying tank are both provided with stirrers. Each pipeline is additionally provided with a corresponding conveying unit, such as a water pump.
Example 2
A method for recovering macromolecular substances in sludge comprises the following steps:
(1) slurrying the sludge, namely storing the concentrated sludge with the water content of 92% in a sludge storage tank, injecting the concentrated sludge into the slurrying tank by a pump, raising the temperature of the slurrying tank to 60 ℃, and maintaining the stirring speed at 75rpm by adopting a single-paddle stirrer;
(2) performing thermal hydrolysis on the sludge, pumping the preheated sludge into a high-temperature reaction kettle, indirectly heating by adopting steam, injecting saturated steam into a jacket of the reaction kettle, keeping the thermal hydrolysis temperature at 160 ℃, keeping the thermal hydrolysis reaction time at 60min, recovering heat of the sludge subjected to the thermal hydrolysis reaction through a heat exchanger, and preheating the recovered heat for a slurrying tank;
(3) adding a medicament and filtering, reducing the temperature of sludge subjected to thermal hydrolysis to below 70 ℃ through a heat exchanger, then carrying out plate-and-frame filter pressing, enabling filtrate to enter a raw liquid tank, adding an ammonium sulfate solution and a sulfuric acid solution into the filtrate, enabling the concentration of ammonium sulfate in the filtrate after adding to be 0.3g/mL and the pH to be =2, stirring for 15min, and then passing through a filtering device to obtain protein and humic acid in the filtrate, wherein in addition, carbohydrate in the filtrate is also precipitated.
The water content of the filter cake is detected to be 50%, the precipitation rate of protein is 81%, the precipitation rate of humic acid is 28%, the precipitation rate of carbohydrate is 30%, and the carbohydrate can also be used as a land fertilizer.
The precipitation rate formula is as follows:
η=（1-
) X 100%, where η represents the precipitation rate of macromolecular substance,%.
Example 3
A method for recovering macromolecular substances in sludge comprises the following steps:
(1) slurrying the sludge, namely storing the concentrated sludge with the water content of 92% in a sludge storage tank, injecting the concentrated sludge into the slurrying tank by a pump, raising the temperature of the slurrying tank to 90 ℃, and maintaining the stirring speed at 75rpm by adopting a single-paddle stirrer;
(2) performing thermal hydrolysis on the sludge, pumping the preheated sludge into a high-temperature reaction kettle, indirectly heating by adopting steam, injecting saturated steam into a jacket of the reaction kettle, keeping the thermal hydrolysis temperature at 160 ℃, keeping the thermal hydrolysis reaction time at 60min, recovering heat of the sludge subjected to the thermal hydrolysis reaction through a heat exchanger, and preheating the recovered heat for a slurrying tank;
(3) adding a medicament and filtering, reducing the temperature of sludge subjected to thermal hydrolysis to below 70 ℃ through a heat exchanger, performing plate-and-frame filter pressing, feeding filtrate into a raw liquid tank, adding an ammonium sulfate solution and a sulfuric acid solution into the filtrate, stirring for 15min, and then passing the filtrate through a filtering device to obtain protein and humic acid in the filtrate, wherein the ammonium sulfate concentration in the filtrate is 0.5g/mL and the pH is =2, and the protein and the humic acid in the filtrate are formed in the carbohydrate in the filtrate.
The water content of the filter cake is 45%, the precipitation rate of protein is 95%, the precipitation rate of humic acid is 39%, and the precipitation rate of carbohydrate is 50%.
The precipitation rate formula is as follows:
η=（1- 
) X 100%, where η represents the precipitation rate of macromolecular substance,%.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments, and the detailed description of the present invention is not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and it is considered that the present invention is within the scope of the present invention by those skilled in the art by simply replacing the parameters without departing from the basic concept of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for recovering macromolecular substances in sludge is characterized in that sludge after thermal hydrolysis is subjected to solid-liquid separation to obtain filtrate, ammonium sulfate is added into the filtrate, the pH of the filtrate is adjusted to be acidic through sulfuric acid, so that protein and humic acid form precipitates, and the protein, humic acid and carbohydrate precipitates are collected through filtration.
2. The method for recovering macromolecular substances in sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps of,
(1) slurrying sludge, namely preheating and stirring the sludge with the water content of 80-98%, wherein the preheating temperature is 60-90 ℃;
(2) performing thermal hydrolysis on the sludge, performing thermal hydrolysis reaction on the preheated sludge, wherein the thermal hydrolysis temperature is maintained at 120-220 ℃, and the thermal hydrolysis reaction time is maintained at 30-120 min;
(3) adding a medicament and filtering, performing solid-liquid separation on sludge after thermal hydrolysis, adding ammonium sulfate and sulfuric acid into filtrate obtained by separation, stirring to ensure that the concentration of the ammonium sulfate in the filtrate is 0.3-0.5 g/mL and the pH is = 2-5, filtering the stirred filtrate, and separating to obtain a solid phase, namely, protein and humic acid precipitate in the filtrate.
3. The method for recovering macromolecular substances in sludge according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the step (1), the sludge includes primary sludge, excess sludge, concentrated sludge and mixed sludge.
4. The method for recovering macromolecular substances in sludge according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the step (1), the water content of the sludge is kept at 92%.
5. The method for recovering macromolecular substances in sludge according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the step (2), the thermal hydrolysis temperature is maintained at 160 ℃, and the thermal hydrolysis reaction time is maintained at 60 min.
6. The method for recovering macromolecular substances in sludge according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the step (2), the sludge after the thermal hydrolysis is cooled to below 70 ℃ through a heat exchange device, and the heat exchange device absorbs the heat of the sludge after the thermal hydrolysis and then preheats the sludge with the water content of 80% -98% in the step (1).
7. The method for recovering macromolecular substances in sludge according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the step (3), the concentration of ammonium sulfate in the filtrate was 0.5g/ml, and the pH of the filtrate = 2.
8. A system for recovering macromolecular substances in sludge is characterized in that: include the sludge storage tank, pulp jar, high temperature reaction cauldron, heat transfer device, sheet frame filter pressing device, raw materials jar and the filter equipment who connects gradually through the pipeline, heat transfer device's tube side both ends are respectively through pipeline and high temperature reaction cauldron's sludge outlet, sheet frame filter pressing device's mud entry linkage, heat transfer device's shell side both ends are connected through inlet, the liquid outlet that the heat transfer of pipeline and pulp jar pressed the cover respectively, the system still includes ammonium sulfate storage tank and sulphuric acid storage tank, ammonium sulfate storage tank and sulphuric acid storage tank pass through the tube coupling raw materials jar.
9. The system for recovering macromolecular substances in sludge according to claim 8, wherein: the stock solution tank and the slurrying tank are both provided with stirrers.
10. The system for recovering macromolecular substances in sludge according to claim 8, wherein: the plate frame filter pressing device is replaced by a centrifugal dehydration device and a belt filter pressing device.
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