CN114349303A - Efficient sludge dewatering treatment process based on low-temperature hydrothermal treatment - Google Patents
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- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a low-temperature hydrothermal treatment-based sludge efficient dehydration treatment process, which comprises the steps of placing sludge from a sewage treatment plant with a solid content of 5-25% in a hydrothermal reaction kettle, keeping the temperature at 60-160 ℃ and the pressure at 0.1-0.65 MPa for 5-60min to break microbial cells in the sludge, release intracellular water, destroy sludge flocs, dissolve out and partially hydrolyze organic matters in the sludge, destroy the original stable structure of the sludge, adding tannic acid into the sludge as a conditioning agent, and forming stable hydrogen bonds with a large amount of hydrophilic organic matters in the sludge by using the specific molecular structure of the tannic acid to convert bound water in the sludge into interstitial water and free water, thereby greatly improving the dehydration performance of the sludge. After mechanical dehydration, the water content of the sludge is lower than 60 percent. The process has low operation cost, is green and environment-friendly, and has better application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste recycling, in particular to a sludge efficient dehydration treatment process based on low-temperature hydrothermal treatment.
Background
The sludge contains a large amount of organic matters, pathogenic bacteria, heavy metals and the like. How to realize the safe treatment of the sludge becomes a difficult problem to be overcome in the industry, and meanwhile, the sludge has high water content and a large amount of hydrophilic organic matters, so that the sludge is difficult to dehydrate. In the sludge full-chain treatment process, the dehydration and the drying of the sludge become key links influencing the treatment energy consumption and the treatment cost.
The sludge dewatering process commonly used at present is a concentration-chemical conditioning-plate-frame filter pressing dewatering process. The chemical conditioning of the sludge is to add chemical agents such as flocculating agent, coagulant aid, oxidant and the like into the sludge so as to change the electrification of the surfaces of sludge particles in a suspension solution, help to overcome repulsion among particles, destroy the original colloid structure of the sludge, make the sludge collide, flocculate and agglomerate under external stirring to generate precipitation, and realize destabilization of the sludge particles. However, the common chemical conditioning agent PAM greatly increases COD in the filtrate generated by sludge dewatering and is difficult to degrade, and meanwhile, the PAM solution has high toxicity and high risk in the process of preparation and addition, and the adverse conditions bring many difficulties for the treatment of the filtrate after sludge dewatering.
As a sludge dewatering process, when the hydrothermal temperature exceeds 180 ℃, the combined water in the sludge is converted into free water, so that the dewatering performance of the sludge is greatly improved. In addition, in the hydrothermal treatment process, solid organic matters in the sludge are dissolved and hydrolyzed along with the continuous increase of the hydrothermal temperature, so that the hydrolytic liquefaction of the sludge is realized. However, when the temperature exceeds 180 ℃, the small molecular organic matters in the sludge undergo reactions such as dehydration, decarboxylation and polycondensation, aromatization, Maillard and the like to generate organic matters which are difficult to degrade such as melanoidins and the like, so that the hydrothermal solution becomes wastewater with high COD and difficult to degrade. Therefore, how to realize the dehydration of the sludge under the condition of low-temperature hydrothermal becomes a difficult problem to be solved urgently.
Patent CN111018309A discloses a high-efficiency energy treatment method of sludge based on hydrothermal pretreatment, which comprises the steps of carrying out hydrothermal pretreatment on sludge generated by a sewage treatment plant with the solid content of 5-20%; the filter residue obtained by dehydration enters a pyrolysis gasification system for conversion, and the sludge is subjected to pyrolysis gasification treatment by using vapor generated by sludge hydrothermal and moisture in the dehydrated sludge as gasification agents; the pyrolysis residence time is 60min, and the carrier gas used is N2(ii) a Pyrolyzing and gasifying to obtain hydrogen-rich gas, pyrolysis oil and biochar; and step three, collecting and conveying the filtrate after the dehydration treatment for anaerobic digestion treatment to obtain the biogas. However, the temperature of the hydrothermal pretreatment in the patent is too high, and the hydrothermal process causes that the filtrate generated after dehydration contains a large amount of refractory substances due to the occurrence of polycondensation reaction such as Maillard reaction and the like, so that the treatment difficulty and the cost are high, and the deep dehydration with high efficiency, low consumption and green of the sludge cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provide a high-efficiency sludge dewatering treatment process based on low-temperature hydrothermal treatment.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a high-efficiency sludge dewatering treatment process based on low-temperature hydrothermal treatment comprises the following steps:
step one, placing sludge with a solid content of 5-25% in a hydrothermal reaction kettle for hydrothermal treatment, and keeping the temperature at 60-160 ℃ and the pressure at 0.1-0.65 MPa for 5-60 min;
step two, after hydrothermal treatment, adding a conditioner into the cooled sludge for conditioning, stirring and standing;
and step three, mechanically dehydrating the conditioned sludge to ensure that the solid content of the dehydrated sludge is lower than 60 percent.
The hydrothermal treatment breaks microbial cells in the sludge to release intracellular water, simultaneously sludge flocs are destroyed, organic matters in the sludge are dissolved out and partially hydrolyzed, the original stable structure of the sludge is destroyed, subsequently, tannic acid is added into the sludge to be used as a conditioning agent, and stable hydrogen bonds are formed between the conditioning agent (tannic acid) and a large amount of hydrophilic organic matters in the sludge, so that bound water in the sludge is converted into interstitial water and free water, and the dehydration performance of the sludge is improved.
Further, the hydrothermal treatment conditions of the first step are as follows: the treatment temperature is 60-120 ℃, the treatment time is 5-60min, the sludge is placed in a hydrothermal high-pressure reaction kettle and is kept for 5-60min under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure; the reaction conditions of the hydrothermal pretreatment are 60-120 ℃ and 0.1-0.65 MPa, after the hydrothermal treatment, a conditioner is added into the cooled sludge for conditioning, the addition amount of the conditioner is 0.2-0.5 g/g (TS), stirring is carried out, the stirring time is 1-3 min, and standing is 10-20 min.
Further, the hydrothermal treatment conditions of the first step are as follows: the treatment temperature is 120-; the reaction conditions of the hydrothermal pretreatment are 60-120 ℃ and 0.1-0.65 MPa, after the hydrothermal treatment, a conditioner is added into the cooled sludge for conditioning, the addition amount of the conditioner is 0.05-0.2 g/g (TS), stirring is carried out, the stirring time is 1-3 min, and standing is 10-20 min.
Further, the sludge in the step one is sludge produced by a sewage treatment plant.
Further, the sludge in the step one is primary sludge, excess sludge or a mixture of the two, concentrated sludge, dehydrated sludge or digested sludge.
Furthermore, the hydrothermal reaction kettle in the first step adopts a sequencing batch feeding or semi-continuous feeding mode.
Further, the sludge in the storage barrel is preheated by high-temperature steam generated after the sludge is subjected to hydrothermal treatment in the first step, and the temperature of the sludge is 50-70 ℃ after heat exchange.
Furthermore, the conditioner in the second step is tannic acid, and is combined with hydrophilic organic matters in the sludge by utilizing the special structure of the conditioner, so that the hydrophilic organic matters are gathered, and the combined water in the sludge is released.
The invention takes tannic acid as a conditioner, the tannic acid is also called tannic acid and tannin, is also called tannic acid and tannin in pharmacopoeia, is a complex macromolecular polyphenol compound, the traditional definition of the compound refers to a water-soluble polyphenol compound with the molecular weight of 500-3000 Da, which can precipitate alkaloid, gelatin and other proteins, has strong biological and pharmacological activity, strong binding capacity with the proteins, active reaction with the alkaloid, enzyme, metal ions and the like, strong surface activity and direct biological curative effect on certain injuries and diseases of a human body. The tannic acid approaches to protein molecules through hydrophobic bonds and enters a hydrophobic bag of the tannic acid to generate two-point hydrogen bond combination, and the hydrophobic bonds and the hydrogen bonds simultaneously act to form hydrophobic layers among the protein molecules in a multi-point combination mode so as to lead the protein molecules to aggregate and finally cause precipitation. The invention utilizes the specific molecular structure of the tannic acid to form stable hydrogen bonds with a large amount of hydrophilic organic matters in the sludge, so that the bound water in the sludge is converted into interstitial water and free water, and the dehydration performance of the sludge is greatly improved.
Further, the mechanical dehydration in the second step adopts a plate-and-frame filter-pressing dehydration process, the pressure adopted by the plate frame is 4-6bar, and the plate-and-frame filter press effectively realizes the solid-liquid separation of the sludge.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention adopts a low-temperature hydrothermal treatment process, microbial cells in the sludge are broken after the sludge is subjected to hydrothermal treatment, and the structure of sludge flocs is destroyed. Intracellular water in the sludge is released. Compared with high-temperature hydrothermal treatment (the temperature is more than or equal to 180 ℃), the low-temperature hydrothermal treatment avoids refractory organic matters generated by Maillard, polycondensation and other reactions, and reduces the treatment difficulty and treatment cost of the dehydration solution.
2. The invention uses tannic acid as a conditioning agent. The tannic acid is easy to combine with hydrophilic organic matters in the sludge, releases the combined water in the sludge and greatly improves the dehydration performance of the sludge. Meanwhile, the tannic acid is used as a common food additive, is non-toxic and is easily decomposed by enzyme and bacteria, so that the treatment difficulty and cost of filtrate generated after sludge dehydration are reduced.
3. The preparation process is simple, easy to operate, suitable for various sludge of domestic sewage plants, wide in practical applicability, low in moisture content of the dewatered sludge produced by the process, and capable of directly carrying out subsequent incineration or pyrolysis treatment without drying. The running cost of the whole chain treatment process is reduced, and the method has important social, economic and environmental benefits and good application prospect.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto in any way.
Example 1
The method comprises the steps of dewatering sludge of a certain sewage treatment plant, measuring the solid content to be 10%, putting 80kg of sludge in a sludge storage tank into an inner container of a hydrothermal reaction kettle with the effective volume of 100L, setting the temperature to be 140 ℃ and the pressure to be 0.3MPa, maintaining for 30min after the set temperature is reached, recycling water vapor and preheating the sludge in the sludge storage tank, cooling the sludge after low-temperature hydrothermal treatment, adding 0.15g/g (TS) of tannin serving as a conditioner, fully stirring for 1min, and standing for 17 min.
And (3) feeding the treated sludge into a plate-and-frame filter press for filter pressing, wherein the pressure is 4bar, and the water content of a mud cake is 50%.
Example 2
The solid content of dewatered sludge of a certain sewage treatment plant is measured to be 20%, the sludge is fed into a hydrothermal reactor with the temperature of 160 ℃ and the pressure of 0.62MPa in a semi-continuous mode through a high-pressure pump, the temperature is maintained for 60min after the sludge reaches a set temperature, water vapor is recycled and used for preheating sludge in a sludge storage tank, the sludge is cooled after low-temperature hydrothermal treatment, 0.1g/g (TS) of tannin serving as a conditioner is added into the sludge, the mixture is fully stirred for 1min, and the mixture is kept stand for 20 min.
The treated sludge enters a plate-and-frame filter press, the pressure is 6bar, and the water content of a sludge cake is 40%.
Example 3
The method comprises the steps of dewatering sludge of a certain sewage treatment plant, measuring the solid content to be 25%, enabling the sludge to enter a hydrothermal reactor with the temperature of 120 ℃ and the pressure of 0.12MPa in a semi-continuous mode through a screw pump, maintaining for 30min after the sludge reaches a set temperature, recycling water vapor and preheating sludge in a sludge storage tank, cooling the sludge after low-temperature hydrothermal treatment, adding 0.5g/g (TS) of tannin serving as a conditioner, fully stirring for 2min, and standing for 15 min.
The treated sludge enters a plate-and-frame filter press, the pressure is 6bar, and the water content of the discharged sludge cake is 55 percent.
Comparative example 1
The solid content of the concentrated sludge of a certain sewage treatment plant is 5 percent, the sludge enters a hydrothermal reactor with the temperature of 180 ℃ and the pressure of 1.00MPa in a semi-continuous mode through a high-pressure pump, a sample reacts for 30min under the condition of set temperature, vapor generated by cooling is recycled and used for preheating sludge in a sludge storage tank, the sludge is directly fed into a plate-and-frame filter press after being cooled to 60 ℃, and the pressure is 2bar for dehydration. The water content of the dewatered sludge cake is 55 percent. After the tannin is added, the dehydration effect similar to that at 180 ℃ can be achieved at a lower temperature (120-160 ℃), even better, and the conditioning of the tannin can reduce the hydrothermal temperature, reduce the cost investment and enhance the sludge dehydration efficiency.
The embodiments described above are described to facilitate an understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A high-efficiency sludge dewatering treatment process based on low-temperature hydrothermal treatment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, placing sludge with a solid content of 5-25% in a hydrothermal reaction kettle for hydrothermal treatment, and keeping the temperature at 60-160 ℃ and the pressure at 0.1-0.65 MPa for 5-60 min;
step two, after hydrothermal treatment, adding a conditioner into the cooled sludge for conditioning, stirring and standing;
and step three, mechanically dehydrating the conditioned sludge to ensure that the solid content of the dehydrated sludge is lower than 60 percent.
2. The efficient sludge dewatering treatment process based on low-temperature hydrothermal treatment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hydrothermal treatment conditions in the first step are as follows: the treatment temperature is 60-120 ℃, the pressure is 0.1-0.2 MPa, the treatment time is 5-60min, after hydrothermal treatment, a conditioner is added into the cooled sludge for conditioning, the addition amount of the conditioner is 0.2-0.5 g/g (TS), stirring is carried out, the stirring time is 1-3 min, and standing is carried out for 10-20 min.
3. The efficient sludge dewatering treatment process based on low-temperature hydrothermal treatment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hydrothermal treatment conditions in the first step are as follows: the treatment temperature is 120-.
4. The process for efficient sludge dewatering based on low-temperature hydrothermal treatment according to claim 1, wherein the sludge in step one is sludge produced in sewage treatment plants.
5. The process of claim 4, wherein the sludge in step one is primary sludge, excess sludge or a mixture thereof, condensed sludge, dewatered sludge or digested sludge.
6. The process of claim 1, wherein the hydrothermal reaction kettle in the step one adopts a sequencing batch or semi-continuous feeding manner.
7. The efficient sludge dewatering treatment process based on low-temperature hydrothermal treatment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sludge in the storage barrel is preheated by high-temperature steam generated after hydrothermal treatment of the sludge in the first step, and the temperature of the sludge is 50-70 ℃ after heat exchange.
8. The process of claim 1, wherein the conditioner in the second step is tannic acid.
9. The efficient sludge dewatering treatment process based on low-temperature hydrothermal treatment according to claim 1, wherein the mechanical dewatering in the second step is a plate-and-frame filter-press dewatering process, and the pressure adopted by a plate frame is 4-6 bar.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115286211A (en) * | 2022-08-09 | 2022-11-04 | 浙江工业大学 | Deep dehydration method for sludge by thermal coupling treatment of phosphotungstic acid water |
| CN115286212A (en) * | 2022-08-09 | 2022-11-04 | 浙江工业大学 | Sludge dewatering composite conditioning method using polyoxometallate and inorganic coagulant |
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| 陈思思等: "高温高压热水解对脱水污泥有机组分厌氧降解的改善规律", 《2016中国环境科学学会学术年会》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115286211A (en) * | 2022-08-09 | 2022-11-04 | 浙江工业大学 | Deep dehydration method for sludge by thermal coupling treatment of phosphotungstic acid water |
| CN115286212A (en) * | 2022-08-09 | 2022-11-04 | 浙江工业大学 | Sludge dewatering composite conditioning method using polyoxometallate and inorganic coagulant |
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