CN112811735A - Adjustable storage sewage treatment device, process and combined system - Google Patents
Adjustable storage sewage treatment device, process and combined system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112811735A CN112811735A CN202110054694.7A CN202110054694A CN112811735A CN 112811735 A CN112811735 A CN 112811735A CN 202110054694 A CN202110054694 A CN 202110054694A CN 112811735 A CN112811735 A CN 112811735A
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
- C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
- C02F2001/425—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange using cation exchangers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/001—Runoff or storm water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/02—Odour removal or prevention of malodour
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an adjustable storage sewage treatment device, a process and a combined system. Compared with the prior art, the method can effectively realize the quality improvement and the efficiency improvement of a sewage treatment plant and solve the problem of black and odorous water caused by the overflow of rain and sewage mixed water during rainfall. The proposed operation mode can effectively solve the problem that microorganisms in the sewage treatment system are difficult to maintain high activity in the rainfall interval period, and can well solve the problem that the treatment efficiency of the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column fluctuates along with seasons.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and relates to an adjustable storage sewage treatment device and process.
Background
With the increase of treatment measures for black and odorous water bodies, black and odorous water bodies in many cities are eliminated in sunny days, but the black and odorous water bodies still exist in rainy days. The main reason why urban water in China is black and smelly in rainy days is overflow pollution of a combined system in rainy days. At present, the drainage system in China mainly comprises a combined drainage system, and according to statistics, the existing combined drainage pipe network in cities in China is about 10.9 km and accounts for 32 percent of the total length of a sewage pipe network. The rainfall increases the water inflow of the sewage treatment plant at the downstream of the combined pipe network by 14-23%, the maximum value reaches 1.7-2.2 times of the water inflow in the same period of sunny days, and simultaneously, the concentration of the inflow pollutants is reduced, the conveying capacity of the sewage pipe network is invaded, and the stable operation of the sewage treatment plant is influenced in a short period. According to the design specification of sewage plants in China, common sewage plants can only normally process 1.3 times of design water volume, the average running load rate of dry seasons of typical sewage treatment plants such as Beijing and Zhejiang is over 90 percent, part of the plants are even in an overload running state, and no extra space is provided for receiving excessive rain and sewage mixed water in rainy seasons. In order to ensure the safe operation of the sewage treatment plant, part of the rain and sewage mixed water is overtaken, overflowed and directly discharged into a receiving water body without being treated, and the discharged Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) is sometimes as high as 800-1100mg/L, so that serious urban rainy day black odor is caused. Therefore, the efficiency improvement and the rain and sewage mixed water overflow prevention of the sewage treatment plant are necessary measures for eliminating the black and odorous rain.
The construction of the rainwater storage tank, the surfing washing equipment and the horizontal filtering grille can effectively reduce the overflow amount of the rainwater and sewage mixed water, and meanwhile, suspended substances can be intercepted and removed, so that the primary treatment capacity of the rainwater and sewage mixed water is effectively enhanced. But build rainwater regulation pond and certainly can increase sewage treatment plant area and capital construction expense, simultaneously at the regulation in-process, the liquid velocity of flow in the pond is slow, and a large amount of impurity can be depositd in the regulation pond bottom of the pool region. These materials can be re-lifted into the receiving water body during the next rainfall, causing the water environment to be polluted again. Due to the difference between the rainfall frequency and the rainfall intensity, the times of full filling of rainwater storage tanks in various parts of the country every year are different. Taking the south as an example, rainfall is more frequent in rainy seasons, and the interval between the storage and discharge of each rainfall is shorter, which increases the treatment load of a sewage treatment plant. Therefore, the construction of the rainwater storage tank increases the consumption of manpower, material resources and financial resources of the sewage treatment plant, and simultaneously, the black and odorous rainwater cannot be relieved and the quality and efficiency improvement of the sewage treatment plant are difficult to realize. The removal of pollutants in water by using biotechnology is a mature technical mode, mainly utilizes the functions of microorganisms in different environments to realize the removal of pollutants, and common processes comprise an oxidation ditch, anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic (AAO), an activated sludge process and the like. However, the intermittent rainfall causes difficulty in maintaining high activity of microorganisms for a long time.
Therefore, if a treatment process and an operation mode which can meet the requirements of high-efficiency treatment of rain and sewage mixed water in rainfall and can realize quality improvement and efficiency improvement of a sewage plant can be found, the method is a sustainable treatment technology with wide social benefits. At present, no technical report of the aspect exists at home and abroad.
Chinese patent CN109231459A discloses a biochemical tank for treating rain-sewage mixed water and a treatment process thereof, wherein the process is formed by sequentially communicating an anaerobic reactor, an anoxic reactor and an aerobic reactor, the outlet end of the aerobic reactor is respectively communicated with the inlet end of the anoxic reactor and the inlet end of a secondary sedimentation tank, and the outlet end of the secondary sedimentation tank is communicated with the inlet end of the anaerobic reactor. Compared with the traditional 'activated sludge process + secondary sedimentation tank' reaction system, the biochemical tank and the treatment process thereof can increase the treatment scale by one time in rainy days, can effectively reduce overflow sewage produced in combined flow in rainy days or reduce the pollution of initial rainwater to urban water, but have the total nitrogen removal rate of 15-20 percent and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate of 60-70 percent, and are difficult to meet the strict discharge standard and realize the quality improvement and efficiency improvement of a sewage treatment plant.
Chinese patent CN109160641A discloses a processing apparatus for synchronously removing suspended solids, organic matters and nitrogen and phosphorus in water, the apparatus including coagulating basin, flocculating basin, ammonia nitrogen ion exchange unit, wherein, ammonia nitrogen ion exchange unit include that many packings have ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column of ammonia nitrogen ion exchange material, the bottom of two adjacent ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column is through the pipe connection that has the valve, the top of the former ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column still respectively through two pipe connections back ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column top and bottom that have the valve, the bottom of the first ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column sets up the ion exchange column water inlet and connects the delivery port of sedimentation tank, last ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column top sets up the ion exchange column delivery port, the bottom is still through adding the regeneration medical kit that the medicine pump connection was equipped with the regeneration liquid. The invention can effectively remove suspended matters, nitrogen and phosphorus and non-soluble organic matters in water when treating initial rainwater, but the removal of the soluble organic matters is difficult to meet the discharge requirement and still needs further treatment, and meanwhile, the treatment efficiency of the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column is reduced by the temperature rise in summer, and the stable operation is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an adjustable storage sewage treatment device, a process and a combined system, which can meet the quality improvement and efficiency enhancement of a sewage treatment plant, can realize timely and efficient treatment of rain and sewage mixed water in rainy days, enables the effluent to meet the strict discharge standard, solves the problem of black and odorous rain days, and has remarkable social and environmental benefits.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
one of the technical schemes of the invention provides an adjustable storage sewage treatment device which comprises a coagulating sedimentation unit, an ammonia nitrogen ion exchange regeneration unit and an aerobic biological treatment unit which are connected in sequence.
Furthermore, the coagulating sedimentation unit comprises a sewage inlet pump, an inlet valve, a coagulating basin and a sedimentation basin which are connected in sequence, and the coagulating basin is also connected with a coagulating sedimentation doser filled with a coagulant and/or a flocculating agent.
Furthermore, the bottom of the sedimentation tank is also provided with a mud scraper and a mud discharge port.
Furthermore, the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange regeneration unit comprises an ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column, a regeneration liquid storage box and a regeneration liquid pump which are sequentially connected, wherein two ends of the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column are respectively connected with the coagulating sedimentation unit and the aerobic biological treatment unit, the regeneration liquid storage box is also connected with a water inlet and a water outlet of the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column, and the regeneration liquid pump is arranged between the water inlet of the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column and the regeneration liquid storage box.
Furthermore, a hardness ion precipitation doser filled with a calcium removal precipitator and a magnesium removal precipitator is connected in the regeneration liquid storage tank.
Furthermore, the aerobic biological treatment unit consists of a filter tank water inlet valve, a biological aerated filter tank and a filter tank air release valve which are connected in sequence, wherein the bottom of the biological aerated filter tank is also connected with an aeration pump.
Furthermore, the biological aerated filter is also connected with a back-flushing pipeline. The back washing mode can be one or more of high-speed water flow back washing, back washing and surface washing or gas-water back washing.
Furthermore, the aeration biological filter tank can be replaced by a membrane-bioreactor or an aerobic tank and a secondary sedimentation tank which are connected in sequence.
Further, the sewage is treated in a coagulation and sedimentation stage in a coagulation and sedimentation unit, wherein the hydraulic retention time of the coagulation and flocculation stage is 0.2-240min, and the hydraulic retention time of the sedimentation stage is 5-300 min;
the residence time of the sewage in the empty column in the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange regeneration unit is 1-300 min;
the dissolved oxygen in the aerobic biological treatment unit is 0.5-10 mg/L.
The second technical scheme of the invention provides an adjustable storage sewage treatment process, which adopts the adjustable storage sewage treatment device to treat, and after sewage to be treated is fed in, the sewage is treated by a coagulating sedimentation unit, an ammonia nitrogen ion exchange regeneration unit and an aerobic biological treatment unit in sequence and then is discharged.
The third technical scheme of the invention also provides an adjustable storage sewage treatment combination system which consists of the existing process device of a sewage plant and the adjustable storage sewage treatment device which are arranged in parallel. In the specific operation process, the adjustable storage sewage treatment process (namely CAIRB process) can adopt an operation mode parallel to the existing biological treatment process of the sewage plant, namely, sewage to be treated respectively enters the existing process system of the sewage plant and the CAIRB process system for treatment after flow allocation, treated effluent is mixed and then discharged together, and in the treatment process, the flow of the sewage to be treated distributed in the CAIRB process system is ensured not to be 0.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) by the combination of process units of coagulating sedimentation, ammonia nitrogen ion exchange regeneration and organic matter biological treatment, the CAIRB process realizes that the effluent quality can meet the first-class A standard of pollutant discharge standard of urban sewage treatment plant (GB18918-2002) and is close to the IV-class standard of surface water environment quality standard (GB3838-2002) at low land occupation and short HRT;
(2) the combination of the CAIRB process and the current process of a sewage treatment plant can realize the rapid treatment of the rain and sewage mixed water, and prevent the phenomenon of black and odorous rain caused by the direct overflow of the rain and sewage mixed water;
(3) through CAIRB and the load allocation mode of the existing process in winter and summer, the stable and efficient operation of the CAIRB and the load allocation mode can be maintained, and the overall effluent quality of a sewage treatment plant is improved.
(4) The denitrification effect of CAIRB is stable, the organic matter removing effect of the existing process is stable, the advantages of the CAIRB and the organic matter removing effect are complementary, and the effluent is guaranteed to reach the standard cooperatively.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of an adjustable storage wastewater treatment facility according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of a CAIRB process system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of the current process of a sewage plant;
FIG. 4 is a run mode roadmap for the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a effluent quality performance diagram of a CAIRB process system;
the notation in the figure is:
1-a coagulation tank, 2-a sedimentation tank, 3-an ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column, 4-a regeneration liquid storage tank, 5-an aeration biological filter tank, 6-a sewage inlet pump, 7-a regeneration liquid pump, 8-an aeration pump, 9-a sewage inlet valve, 10-a mud valve, 11-a sedimentation outlet valve, 12-an ammonia nitrogen ion exchange outlet valve, 13-a regeneration liquid reflux valve, 14-a regeneration liquid inlet valve, 15-a filter tank inlet valve, 16-a filter tank outlet valve, 17-a backwashing valve, 18-a coagulation sedimentation doser, 19-a hardness ion sedimentation doser and 20-an ammonia nitrogen ion exchange blow-down valve.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
The adjustable storage sewage treatment apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail below:
an adjustable storage sewage treatment device is structurally shown in figures 1 and 2 and comprises a coagulating sedimentation unit, an ammonia nitrogen ion exchange regeneration unit and an aerobic biological treatment unit which are sequentially connected.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1 again, the coagulating sedimentation unit is composed of a sewage inlet pump 6, an inlet valve, a coagulation tank 1 and a sedimentation tank 2 which are connected in sequence, and the coagulation tank 1 is further connected with a coagulating sedimentation doser 18 filled with a coagulant and/or a flocculant. Preferably, the coagulant can be one or more of inorganic, organic polymer and microorganism coagulants, the flocculant is one or more of an artificial synthetic polymer flocculant or a natural polymer flocculant, and the sedimentation tank 2 can be one or more of a horizontal flow type, a vertical flow type, a radial flow type, an inclined plate, an inclined tube or a horizontal tube sedimentation tank 2. Correspondingly, the sewage is treated in a coagulation-flocculation stage and a precipitation stage in a coagulation-precipitation unit, wherein the Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) of the coagulation-flocculation stage is 0.2-240min (namely the hydraulic retention time of the coagulation stage is 0.1-120min, the hydraulic retention time of the flocculation stage is 0.1-120min), and the hydraulic retention time of the precipitation stage is 5-300 min.
Preferably, the bottom of the sedimentation tank 2 is also provided with a mud scraper and a mud discharge port, and the mud discharge port is provided with a mud discharge valve 10.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1 again, the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange regeneration unit is composed of an ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column 3, a regeneration liquid storage tank 4 and a regeneration liquid pump 7, which are connected in sequence, wherein two ends of the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column 3 are respectively connected to the coagulating sedimentation unit and the aerobic biological treatment unit, the regeneration liquid storage tank 4 is further connected to a water inlet and a water outlet of the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column 3, and the regeneration liquid pump 7 is disposed between the water inlet of the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column 3 and the regeneration liquid storage tank 4. Preferably, the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column 3 is also filled with an ammonia nitrogen ion exchanger which is selected from one or more of natural zeolite, modified zeolite, molecular sieve, fly ash, resin and other ammonia nitrogen ion exchange materials. Meanwhile, the regeneration liquid in the regeneration liquid storage tank 4 is sodium salt, potassium salt, calcium salt solution or mixed solution, the concentration is 0.01-100g/L, and the regeneration mode of the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column 3 can be concurrent regeneration or countercurrent regeneration. Furthermore, a hardness ion precipitation doser 19 filled with a calcium removal precipitator and a magnesium removal precipitator is connected in the regeneration liquid storage tank 4, the calcium removal precipitator is preferably one or two of carbonate and bicarbonate, and the magnesium removal precipitator is preferably one or more of sodium hydroxide, lime, calcium hydroxide, carbonate and bicarbonate. The regeneration liquid can be heated to 15-50 ℃ to realize rapid and efficient regeneration.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1 again, the aerobic biological treatment unit comprises a filter inlet valve 15, a biological aerated filter 5 and a filter emptying valve which are connected in sequence, wherein the bottom of the biological aerated filter 5 is also connected with an aeration pump 8. The sludge age in the aerobic biological treatment unit can be randomly selected within the range of 5-500d, and the HRT is 0.5-48 h.
Furthermore, the biological aerated filter 5 is also connected with a back flush pipeline, and a back flush valve 17 is also arranged on the back flush pipeline. During back flushing, a back flushing valve 17 is opened, back flushing water enters from the lower end of the biological aerated filter 5, and back flushing outlet water is collected into inlet water of a sewage treatment plant through the back flushing valve 17 through a pipeline for treatment. And stopping backwashing after the backwashing reaches the preset time.
Furthermore, the aeration biological filter 5 can be replaced by a membrane-bioreactor or a combination of an aerobic tank and a secondary sedimentation tank which are connected in sequence.
In some embodiments, the residence time of the empty column of the sewage in the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange regeneration unit is 1-300 min;
the dissolved oxygen in the aerobic biological treatment unit is 0.5-10 mg/L.
The following explanation is continued on the adjustable stored sewage treatment process based on the above-mentioned adjustable stored sewage treatment apparatus:
in some embodiments, referring to fig. 1 again, an adjustable storage sewage treatment process is provided, in which an adjustable storage sewage treatment apparatus as described above is used for treatment, and after being fed, sewage to be treated is treated by a coagulation precipitation unit, an ammonia nitrogen ion exchange regeneration unit and an aerobic biological treatment unit in sequence and then discharged.
The adjustable storage sewage treatment process (namely CAIRB process) can adopt an operation mode parallel to the existing biological treatment process of the sewage plant, as shown in figure 2, namely, sewage to be treated respectively enters the existing process system of the sewage plant and the CAIRB process system for treatment after flow allocation, treated effluent is mixed and discharged together, and the flow of the sewage to be treated distributed in the CAIRB process system is ensured not to be 0 in the treatment process.
The specific operating modes are as follows, as shown in fig. 4:
(1) in summer, the amount of sewage water is relatively large due to the fact that rainwater is gathered, the water temperature is relatively high, and high-standard discharge is easy to achieve when the existing process system of a sewage treatment plant runs at full load. Therefore, the full-load operation of the existing process is maintained during rainfall, and the excess water is shunted to the CAIRB process system to carry out efficient treatment on the rain and sewage mixed water. The existing process and the effluent of the process are mixed and then discharged, so that the overall improvement of the effluent quality of a sewage treatment plant can be realized, and the quality improvement and the efficiency improvement are realized. When the system is not raining, part of the water is shunted to the CAIRB process system to maintain the microbial activity in the aerobic biological treatment unit. When rainfall comes, the inflow water quantity of the CAIRB process system is increased in advance so as to ensure the high-efficiency treatment during the rainfall.
(2) In winter, the difference between the water inlet amount of the sewage treatment plant and the design value is not large, but the lower water temperature can cause the reduction of the microbial activity (such as the reduction of the microbial nitrification rate) in the existing process system, so that the pollutant removal effect is poor. Therefore, the operation load of the existing process is reduced in winter, and the rest water is allocated to the CAIRB process system for treatment. The effluent of the existing process and the process is mixed and then discharged, and the overproof of the effluent pollutants in winter of a sewage plant can be avoided.
(3) In spring and autumn, the flow is allocated according to the running condition of the current process system of the sewage treatment plant so as to realize the high-standard discharge of the sewage treatment plant and maintain the proper microbial activity in the aerobic biological treatment unit in the CAIRB process system.
In the operation mode, the part of water which is shunted to the CAIRB process in non-rainfall summer can be 5-95% of the inlet water of the sewage treatment plant; the water inlet amount of the CAIRB process is increased to 5-95% of the water inlet amount of a sewage treatment plant in advance when rainfall comes; the running load of the sewage treatment plant in winter can be reduced to 5-95% of the design load; the water inlet flow of the current process of the spring and autumn sewage treatment plant can be 0-100% of the water inlet flow, and the water inlet flow of the CAIRB process can be 0-100% of the water inlet flow.
Patent CN110342750A provides a device and a process for synchronous sludge in-situ reduction and nitrogen and phosphorus removal, compared with the provided process flow, the CAIRB process flow disclosed by the invention is simpler, has higher treatment load, and is more suitable for efficiently treating rain and sewage mixed water in rainfall. Meanwhile, the front-end sludge reduction unit is cancelled in the CAIRB process, so that the influence of the fluctuation of temperature, the quality of inlet water and the like on the biological treatment unit is reduced, and the adverse effects of sludge loss of a sedimentation tank, reduction of the dephosphorization efficiency of a coagulative sedimentation tank and the like caused by poor sludge sedimentation performance in the process flow provided by CN110342750A are avoided.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of the existing process system of the sewage treatment plant, which specifically comprises the steps of sequentially carrying out primary precipitation, anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic treatment on the sewage to be treated, then carrying out secondary precipitation treatment, continuously carrying out coagulation precipitation on the precipitated water, then carrying out denitrification treatment, and finally discharging the water. Compared with the existing process system, the CAIRB process disclosed by the invention has the advantages of short HRT, small floor area, good effluent quality and the like, and can overcome the problem that the total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen of effluent exceed the standard due to the reduction of the nitrification effect in the existing process at low temperature in winter. But because of the characteristics of the ion exchanger, the denitrification capability of the CAIRB process is not affected by the temperature basically, the ammonia nitrogen removal capability at low temperature in winter can be further improved, and the defects of the existing process can be just made up. Therefore, the mode of parallel treatment of the CAIRB and the existing process through flow regulation can effectively maintain the annual high-efficiency treatment of the sewage plant, can obviously improve the effluent quality of the existing process of the sewage treatment plant, and avoids the great increase of the operation cost caused by the single operation of the CAIRB process.
The reaction principle in the sewage treatment process of the present invention is explained as follows:
a coagulating sedimentation unit: the sewage is reacted in the reaction tank after being fully mixed with the coagulant and the flocculant, the flow rate of water flow in the reaction tank is changed from large to small, colloid particles in the water are subjected to collision ion exchange at a larger reaction flow rate, and the particles subjected to collision ion exchange are agglomerated into larger alum flocs at a smaller reaction flow rate. After low-intensity long-time stirring, micro suspended solids and colloidal particles in the sewage are destabilized and aggregated to form larger particles, and floc and water separation are realized in the sedimentation tank 2 to finish the primary purification process.
Ammonia nitrogen ion exchange/regeneration unit: the solid ammonia nitrogen ion exchanger removes ammonium ions (NH) in sewage through an ion exchange mechanism4 +) The reaction is shown in formula (1).
Wherein A is+Is surface exchangeable ions of ammonia nitrogen ion exchanger, Z-Is an ammonia nitrogen ion exchanger structure.
NH on the surface of the ammonia nitrogen ion exchanger by using metal cations in the regenerated liquid4 +Exchanging into the solution to realize the regeneration of the ammonia nitrogen ion exchanger. The regeneration reaction is shown in formula (2).
Wherein, B+Is the metal cation in the regenerating liquid.
The reaction is endothermic, and the heating of the regeneration liquid is beneficial to the desorption of the ammonia nitrogen ion exchanger, thereby realizing the rapid and efficient regeneration. For sewage containing certain hardness ions, the process of ammonia nitrogen ion exchange can cause ion exchange and desorption of hardness ions. The existence of the hardness ions can affect the subsequent regeneration effect of the regeneration liquid, so that calcium and magnesium removal precipitation agents need to be added into the regeneration liquid storage tank 4 after multiple ion exchange-regeneration cycles. The reactions for removing calcium and magnesium by precipitation are shown in the formulas (3) and (4).
Mg2++2OH-→Mg(OH)2↓ (4)
The microorganisms can realize high-efficiency denitrification under certain salt concentration, so that the regenerated liquid containing ammonia nitrogen can realize denitrification through side flow PN-ANAMMOX, SHARON-ANAMMOX, CANON and electrolytic chlorine preparation, so that the regenerated liquid can be reused. PN, SHARON, ANAMMOX, CANON and electrolytic chlorine production reaction formulas are shown in formulas (5) - (9).
NaClO+H2O→HClO+NaOH (9)
Aerobic biological treatment unit: the effluent of the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange/regeneration unit mainly contains soluble COD and a small amount of ammonia Nitrogen (NH)4 +N), optionally further deep decarbonated by aerobic biological treatment and nitration of the residual NH4 +-N. Wherein the microorganism degrades COD by dissolved oxygen transferred from the bubbles to the water, and the nitrifying bacteria degrade NH4 +Oxidation of-N to nitrate nitrogen.
The invention will be better understood from the following examples which are set forth for the purpose of illustration and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Example 1:
as shown in figure 1, the adjustable storage sewage treatment device comprises a coagulating sedimentation unit, an ammonia nitrogen ion exchange regeneration unit and an aerobic biological treatment unit. The coagulating sedimentation unit comprises a sewage inlet pump 6, a sewage inlet valve 9, a coagulating basin 1, a sedimentation basin 2 and a sedimentation outlet valve 11 which are sequentially connected, the coagulating basin 1 is connected with a coagulating sedimentation doser 18, a coagulant and a flocculating agent are arranged in the coagulating sedimentation doser 18, and the sedimentation basin 2 is connected with a sludge discharge valve 10. The ammonia nitrogen ion exchange regeneration unit comprises an ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column 3 and an ammonia nitrogen ion exchange water outlet valve 12 which are sequentially connected and filled with an ammonia nitrogen ion exchanger, the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column 3 is further connected with an ammonia nitrogen ion exchange blow-down valve 20, a regeneration liquid inlet valve 14 is connected with a pipeline between the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column 3 and a regeneration liquid pump 7, the regeneration liquid pump 7 is sequentially connected with a regeneration liquid storage box 4 and a regeneration liquid return valve 13 which are filled with regeneration liquid, the regeneration liquid storage box 4 is also connected with a precipitation hardness ion doser 19, a calcium removal precipitator and a magnesium removal precipitator are filled in the hardness ion precipitation doser 19, and the regeneration liquid return valve 13 is connected with a branch of the pipeline where the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange water outlet valve 12 is located. The biological treatment unit comprises a filter inlet valve 15, an aeration biological filter 5 filled with filler and a filter outlet valve 16 which are connected in sequence, wherein the filter inlet valve 15 is connected with the other branch of the pipeline where the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange outlet valve 12 is positioned, the aeration biological filter 5 is connected with an aeration pump 8, and a back washing valve 17 is connected with the pipeline between the filter outlet valve 16 and the sewage inlet pump 6.
The specific treatment process comprises the following steps:
sewage to be treated is pumped into the coagulation tank 1 through a sewage inlet valve 9 by a sewage inlet pump 6, a coagulant and a flocculant in the coagulating sedimentation doser 18 are simultaneously added into the coagulation tank 1 under the stirring condition of high strength and short time, the coagulant and the flocculant are uniformly mixed and then react for a period of time under the stirring condition of low strength and long time, then the mixed solution flows into the sedimentation tank 2 for sedimentation and separation, and sediments are discharged into a sludge storage tank through a sludge discharge valve 10. Keeping a regenerated liquid inlet valve 14, a regenerated liquid return valve 13, an ammonia nitrogen ion exchange emptying valve 20 closed, an ammonia nitrogen ion exchange outlet valve 12 and a filter tank inlet valve 15 open, enabling supernatant to flow into an ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column 3 through a precipitation outlet valve 11, and removing NH in sewage through ion exchange by using an ammonia nitrogen ion exchanger in the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column 34 +-N. The effluent of the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column enters an aeration biological filter 5, is continuously aerated from the bottom by an aeration pump 8, and is finally discharged through a filter effluent valve 16. After reaching the preset running time, opening the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange blow-down valve 20, closing the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange blow-down valve 20 after emptying, opening the regenerated liquid inlet valve 14 and the regenerated liquid return valve 13, and feeding water from the regenerated liquid pump 7 through the regenerated liquidThe valve 14 pumps the regenerated liquid into the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column 3 from the regenerated liquid storage box 4, when the regenerated liquid is full of the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column 3, the regenerated liquid flows back to the regenerated liquid storage box 4 through the regenerated liquid return valve 13 to form a cyclic regeneration treatment system, after regeneration is finished, the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange blow-down valve 20 is opened, the regenerated liquid in the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column 3 is emptied into the regenerated liquid storage box 4, and regeneration is finished. After regeneration for multiple times, a hardness ion precipitator in a hardness ion precipitation dosing device 19 is added to remove calcium and magnesium ions in the regeneration liquid.
Example 2
COD and NH of inlet water of certain sewage treatment plant4 +The average concentration of-N, TN and TP is 210.8mg/L, 29.2mg/L, 37.0mg/L and 3.4mg/L respectively, and the treated product needs to reach the first-class A emission standard in GB 18918-2002. Pilot plant studies were carried out using the CAIRB process described above in example 1, with a pilot plant water treatment capacity of 2m3And d, the duration is 30 days.
Sewage enters the coagulation tank 1 through a sewage inlet valve 9 by a sewage inlet pump 6, and the used coagulant and flocculant are aluminum sulfate and anionic Polyacrylamide (PAM), and the adding amount is respectively 30 mg/L and 0.3 mg/L. The coagulation stirring speed is 200r/min, the mixture flows into the sedimentation tank 2 for sedimentation after being uniformly mixed, and the HRT of the coagulation, flocculation and sedimentation stages is 2 min, 8 min and 30min respectively. The supernatant of the sedimentation tank 2 flows into an ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column 3 through a sedimentation water outlet valve 11, the volume of the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column 3 is 5L, and natural zeolite is filled in the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column. EBCT is 30min, the ion exchange operation time is 20h, the disposable water volume of one operation is 200L, the disposable water volume per hour is 10L/h, 10 groups of ammonia nitrogen ion exchange columns are adopted for parallel operation, and 4 groups are reserved. The effluent of the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column 3 enters an aeration biological filter 5 to further remove COD and NH4 +N, effective volume of the biological aerated filter 5 is 50L, HRT is 1h, and average effluent COD during operation<20mg/L，NH4 +-N<1mg/L，TN<3.0mg/L，TP<0.3mg/L (figure 5), meets the first class A emission standard of GB18918-2002, and is close to the IV class water emission standard in GB 3838-2002.
And opening the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange blow-down valve 20 after the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column 3 reaches the preset operation time, and regenerating after emptying. The regeneration agent adopts a sodium chloride-sodium hypochlorite mixed solution. During regeneration, the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange blow-down valve 20 is closed, the regeneration liquid inlet valve 14 and the regeneration liquid return valve 13 are opened, the regeneration liquid is pumped into the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column 3 from the regeneration liquid storage tank 4 through the regeneration liquid inlet valve 14 by the regeneration liquid pump 7, and the volume of the regeneration liquid is 200L. During the regeneration process, the regeneration liquid flows back to the regeneration liquid storage tank 4 through the regeneration liquid return valve 13 for 30min at EBCT. After regeneration for 4 hours, opening the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange blow-down valve 20, refluxing the regeneration liquid to the regeneration liquid storage tank 4, completing regeneration, and standing the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column 3 until next operation.
Compared with patent CN201821784427, the embodiment adds an aerobic biological treatment unit behind the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange regeneration unit, and realizes the removal of the soluble organic matters. Compared with the traditional sewage treatment process, the invention realizes high-standard discharge under the conditions of short HRT and low floor area, and has practical engineering significance for improving quality and increasing efficiency of sewage treatment plants.
Example 3
COD and NH in rainwater and sewage mixed water of sewage treatment plant in summer4 +The concentrations of-N, TN and TP are 477.6mg/L, 18.8mg/L, 29.6mg/L and 2.9mg/L respectively, and the treated product is required to meet the first-class A standard in GB 18918-2002. Pilot test study is carried out by adopting CAIRB process, and the water treatment amount of the pilot test is 5m3And d, the duration is 60 days.
The embodiment is approximately the same as the embodiment 2, in the embodiment, polymeric aluminum ferric sulfate (50mg/L) and anion PAM (0.3mg/L) are selected as coagulation and flocculating agents, and a magnetic coagulation technology is used for realizing high-efficiency precipitation. The rain sewage mixed water is firstly treated by coagulating sedimentation and then pumped into an ammonia nitrogen ion exchange regeneration unit. The ammonia nitrogen ion exchange material of the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column 3 is sodium type modified zeolite, 10 groups of ammonia nitrogen ion exchange units are adopted to run in parallel, 4 groups are used for standby, and EBCT control is 40 min. The effluent of the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column 3 flows into the aeration biological filter 5, HRT is 2h, and COD and NH of the average effluent during the operation period4 +N is 12.8, 0.2 mg/L. Taking a sodium chloride solution as a regeneration liquid, wherein the concentration of sodium ions is 5g/L, the volume of the regeneration liquid is 100L, and performing denitrification on the regeneration liquid by adopting SHARON-ANAMMOX on a side stream.
Compared with the prior art, the process has the characteristics of high pollutant removal efficiency and small occupied area, can quickly and effectively treat the rain and sewage mixed water, avoids the overflow phenomenon of the rain and sewage mixed water, and prevents the rain from being black and smelly.
Example 4
COD and NH of water inlet in winter of certain sewage treatment plant4 +The concentrations of N, TN and TP are 250.8mg/L, 26.5mg/L, 34.7mg/L and 4.6mg/L respectively, and the treated product needs to meet the requirements of the first-class A emission standard in GB 18918-2002. The pilot test research is carried out by combining the CAIRB process with the existing AAO process of the sewage treatment plant, and the water treatment amount of the pilot test is 5m3/d。
This example is substantially the same as example 2, in this example, the influent water of the sewage plant is first divided, as shown in FIG. 2, the treatment capacities of the CAIRB process and the AAO process are 3m3D and 2m3And d. Average effluent COD and NH during CARIB process operation4 +The concentrations of-N, TN and TP were 20.9mg/L, 0.4mg/L, 2.3mg/L and 0.1mg/L, respectively. Average effluent COD and NH during operation of AAO process4 +N, TN and TP concentrations were 35.1mg/L, 6.3mg/L, 18.6mg/L and 1.1mg/L, respectively, and after mixing the effluent, the average COD, NH of the mixed effluent during the run4 +N, TN and TP concentrations of 26.6mg/L, 2.8mg/L, 8.8mg/L and 0.5mg/L, respectively, meeting first order A emission standards.
Compared with the existing treatment process, the operation process can effectively reduce the winter operation load of the sewage treatment plant, can meet the winter high-standard discharge of the sewage treatment plant under the condition of increasing a small amount of occupied land, and has practical engineering significance.
In addition, it should be noted that the specific embodiments described in the present specification may differ in the shape of the components, the names of the components, and the like. All equivalent or simple changes of the structure, the characteristics and the principle of the invention which are described in the patent conception of the invention are included in the protection scope of the patent of the invention. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described herein may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (10)
1. An adjustable storage sewage treatment device is characterized by comprising a coagulating sedimentation unit, an ammonia nitrogen ion exchange regeneration unit and an aerobic biological treatment unit which are connected in sequence.
2. The sewage treatment device with the adjustable storage capacity according to claim 1, wherein the coagulation sedimentation unit consists of a sewage inlet pump, an inlet valve, a coagulation tank and a sedimentation tank which are connected in sequence, the coagulation tank is also connected with a coagulation sedimentation doser filled with a coagulant and/or a flocculant, and the bottom of the sedimentation tank is also provided with a mud scraper and a mud discharge port.
3. The sewage treatment device with the adjustable storage capacity according to claim 1, wherein the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange regeneration unit comprises an ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column, a regeneration liquid storage tank and a regeneration liquid pump which are connected in sequence, wherein two ends of the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column are respectively connected with the coagulating sedimentation unit and the aerobic biological treatment unit, the regeneration liquid storage tank is further connected with a water inlet and a water outlet of the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column, and the regeneration liquid pump is arranged between the water inlet of the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange column and the regeneration liquid storage tank.
4. The sewage treatment device with the adjustable storage capacity of claim 3, wherein a hardness ion precipitation doser filled with a calcium removal precipitator and a magnesium removal precipitator is further connected in the regeneration liquid storage tank.
5. The sewage treatment device with the adjustable storage capacity of claim 1, wherein the aerobic biological treatment unit consists of a filter tank water inlet valve, a biological aerated filter tank and a filter tank air outlet valve which are connected in sequence, wherein the bottom of the biological aerated filter tank is also connected with an aeration pump.
6. The sewage treatment device with adjustable storage capacity of claim 5, wherein the biological aerated filter is further connected with a back-flushing pipeline.
7. The sewage treatment device with adjustable storage capacity of claim 5, wherein the aeration biological filter tank can be replaced by a membrane-bioreactor or an aerobic tank and a secondary sedimentation tank which are connected in sequence.
8. The sewage treatment device with the adjustable storage capacity of claim 1, wherein the sewage is treated in a coagulation and sedimentation unit through two stages of coagulation and flocculation and sedimentation, wherein the hydraulic retention time of the coagulation and flocculation stage is 0.2-240min, and the hydraulic retention time of the sedimentation stage is 5-300 min;
the residence time of the sewage in the empty column in the ammonia nitrogen ion exchange regeneration unit is 1-300 min;
the dissolved oxygen in the aerobic biological treatment unit is 0.5-10 mg/L.
9. The sewage treatment process with adjustable storage, which is carried out by adopting the sewage treatment device with adjustable storage as claimed in any one of claims 1-8, is characterized in that the sewage to be treated is fed in and then is treated by a coagulating sedimentation unit, an ammonia nitrogen ion exchange regeneration unit and an aerobic biological treatment unit in sequence and then is discharged.
10. An adjustable storage sewage treatment combination system, which consists of a sewage plant existing process device and an adjustable storage sewage treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which are arranged in parallel.
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Application publication date: 20210518 |