CN112810275A - Micro-nanofiber composite non-woven medical and health material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Micro-nanofiber composite non-woven medical and health material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
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- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
- D01F1/103—Agents inhibiting growth of microorganisms
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- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F6/16—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids or unsaturated organic esters, e.g. polyacrylic esters, polyvinyl acetate
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/44—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/50—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyalcohols, polyacetals or polyketals
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- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/44—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/54—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polymers of unsaturated nitriles
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/88—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/92—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyesters
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M17/00—Producing multi-layer textile fabrics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0246—Acrylic resin fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
- B32B2307/21—Anti-static
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/714—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
- B32B2307/7145—Rot proof, resistant to bacteria, mildew, mould, fungi
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/73—Hydrophobic
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Abstract
A micro-nano fiber composite non-woven medical and health material and a preparation method thereof belong to the technical field of non-woven composite materials and preparation thereof. The composite material consists of an outer layer, a middle layer and an inner layer, wherein the outer layer is an electrostatic spinning polymethyl methacrylate nano fiber hydrophobic layer, the middle layer is a micron fiber layer, and the inner layer is a combination of an electrostatic spinning nano fiber antibacterial layer and an electrostatic spinning nano fiber additional functional layer. The good combination effect among all layers is guaranteed, the integral air permeability of the composite material is guaranteed, and liquid is effectively prevented from permeating into the material; the microfiber layer as the middle layer can provide effective mechanical support and certain barrier effect; the material of the inner layer in contact with the human body can provide a sanitary and safe microenvironment, and the electrostatic spinning nanofiber additional functional layer as the inner layer can also provide additional functions such as heating, growth factors and the like; toxic and harmful substances in a medical and sanitary scene are intercepted, and extremely bacteriostatic and antibacterial effects are reflected; the product has good comfort in use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of non-woven composite materials and preparation thereof, and particularly relates to a micro-nanofiber composite non-woven medical and health material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Nonwoven materials for medical and health uses include general medical supplies, external medical supplies, medical protective supplies, medical functional supplies, health care supplies, medical instruments, and the like. As known in the art, medical products such as disposable surgical gowns and masks having excellent virus blocking effects have a very important positive effect in reducing or preventing cross-infection and ensuring the health and life safety of people. At present, the mainstream medical and health non-woven material mainly adopts polypropylene fibers, and the preparation process commonly adopts spun-bonded fiber and melt-blown fiber. The defects of the products are as follows: the antibacterial fabric has the advantages of no antibacterial ability, poor fiber uniformity, monotonous product functions, poor comfort in use and relatively large aperture, and is difficult to even incapable of effectively blocking small-sized toxic and harmful substances.
With the continuous and deep research on nano technology, the electrostatic spinning technology for obtaining nano fibers with diameter distribution from several nanometers to hundreds of nanometers is mature day by day. The electrostatic spinning nanofiber has a large specific surface area, a rich pore structure, flexible surface functionalization characteristics and excellent interface and surface effects, so that the electrostatic spinning nanofiber is widely applied to the fields of energy, environment, bioscience, medical engineering, military, national safety and the like. In terms of size, the diameter of the nanofiber is remarkably reduced or surpassed compared with that of the existing spun-bonded and melt-blown non-woven technologies, and the nanofiber aggregate constructed by the nanofiber has remarkably reduced pore size distribution, so that the nanofiber aggregate has important significance for intercepting harmful substances such as viruses and the like.
Although the equipment and the process of the electrostatic spinning technology are continuously perfect, and the yield is correspondingly and obviously improved, compared with the traditional melt-blown and spun-bonded preparation technology, the production capacity of the electrostatic spinning technology is difficult to meet the urgent industrial application requirements. In addition, nanofiber membranes constructed from a single nanofiber have the problem of low strength.
Technical information related to nanofiber antibacterial nonwoven materials and preparation thereof can be found in published Chinese patent documents, for example, CN105839291A recommends "a nanofiber antibacterial nonwoven material and preparation method thereof," CN110960925A provides "an antistatic melt-blown composite antibacterial nanofiber nonwoven fabric and preparation method thereof," and CN111560707A introduces "a composite electrostatic spinning micro-nanofiber antibacterial nonwoven material and preparation method thereof," and the like, but the patents are not limited to the defects that the good barrier effect for preventing liquid from permeating into the interior, ideal bacteriostatic ability, rich functions, comfort in use and the like are difficult to combine, and the technical scheme to be introduced below is generated under the background.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a micro-nano fiber composite non-woven medical and sanitary material which is beneficial to well preventing liquid from permeating into the material, is beneficial to embodying excellent antibacterial effect, is beneficial to improving the uniformity of fibers, is convenient for expanding functions and is beneficial to improving the comfort in use.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the micro-nano fiber composite non-woven medical material, the micro-nano fiber composite non-woven medical material obtained by the method can fully achieve the technical effect, and the method can meet the requirement of industrial scale-up production.
In order to embody the primary task of the invention, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the micro-nanofiber composite non-woven medical and health material comprises an outer layer, an intermediate layer and an inner layer, wherein the outer layer is an electrostatic spinning polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) nanofiber hydrophobic layer, the intermediate layer is a microfiber layer, and the inner layer is a combination of an electrostatic spinning nanofiber antibacterial layer and an electrostatic spinning nanofiber additional functional layer.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the micro fibers are one or more of polypropylene (PP) fibers, Polyester (PET) fibers, and polylactic acid (PLA) fibers.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the electrospun nanofiber antibacterial layer is composed of nanofibers containing antibacterial functional substances inside.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the antibacterial functional substance includes one or more of chitosan oligosaccharide, chitosan, antibacterial polypeptide, nano silver, triclosan and quaternary ammonium salt, and is dissolved in the mixed spinning solution for electrostatic spinning during electrostatic spinning.
In still another embodiment of the present invention, the electrospun nanofiber additional functional layer is composed of nanofibers containing an additional functional substance therein.
In still another embodiment of the present invention, the additional functional substance comprises one or more of procoagulant material, growth factor, collagen and exothermic material, and is dissolved in the mixed spinning solution for electrospinning during electrospinning.
In a more specific embodiment of the present invention, the raw material of the nanofiber containing the antibacterial functional substance inside is Polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), or polylactic acid (PLA).
In a further specific embodiment of the present invention, the raw material of the nanofiber containing the additional functional substance therein is Polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), or polylactic acid (PLA).
In order to embody another task of the present invention, the technical solution provided by the present invention is: a preparation method of a micro-nanofiber composite non-woven medical and sanitary material comprises the following steps:
A) sequentially opening the micron fiber raw material by an opener, carding by a carding machine and laying the micron fiber raw material on a receiving net curtain by a lapping machine to obtain a micron fiber layer serving as a middle layer;
B) firstly, dissolving polymethyl methacrylate in N, N-dimethylformamide, and heating the solution in water bath for 10-14h at the water bath temperature of 40-80 ℃ to obtain a polymethyl methacrylate spinning solution with the mass percent concentration of the polymethyl methacrylate of 10-30%;
C) using a needle-free nozzle as an electrostatic spinning nozzle, supplying the polymethyl methacrylate spinning solution obtained in the step B) to the electrostatic spinning nozzle through a liquid supply device, and controlling the speed of liquid supply to a single electrostatic spinning nozzle;
D) arranging a metal grounding device below the receiving net curtain in the step A), controlling the distance between the electrostatic spinning spray head and the receiving net curtain in the step C) to be 10-20cm, controlling the spinning voltage to be 35-65KV, starting electrostatic spinning, stretching jet flow of the polymethyl methacrylate spinning solution in the steps B) and C) through a high-voltage electrostatic field, volatilizing a solvent, solidifying the jet flow to form nano fibers, and depositing the nano fibers on one side surface of the micro fiber layer in the step A) to obtain a nano composite fiber net of which an electrostatic spinning polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) nano fiber hydrophobic layer is formed on the micro fiber layer as an outer layer;
E) reversing the output of the nano composite fiber web obtained in the step D) to enable the electrostatic spinning polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) nano fiber hydrophobic layer serving as the outer layer to be positioned below the receiving net curtain, and the micro fiber layer serving as the middle layer to be positioned above the receiving net curtain to obtain a first composite material I;
F) dissolving a high polymer raw material in N, N-dimethylformamide serving as a solvent, adding an antibacterial functional substance, heating in a water bath at the temperature of 40-80 ℃ for 10-14h, and fully stirring in the water bath heating process to fully dissolve the high polymer to obtain a spinnable electrostatic spinning nanofiber antibacterial spinning solution with the high polymer content of 5-30% by mass and the antibacterial functional substance content of 0.1-10% by mass;
G) using a needle-free nozzle as an electrostatic spinning nozzle, supplying the electrostatic spinning nanofiber antibacterial spinning solution obtained in the step F) to the electrostatic spinning nozzle through a liquid supply device, and controlling the speed of liquid supply to a single electrostatic spinning nozzle;
H) arranging a metal grounding device under the receiving net curtain in the step E), controlling the distance between the electrostatic spinning nozzle in the step G) and the receiving net curtain to be 10-20cm, controlling the spinning voltage to be 35-65KV, starting electrostatic spinning, stretching the spinnable electrostatic spinning nanofiber antibacterial spinning solution jet flow in the step F) through a high-voltage electrostatic field, volatilizing a solvent, solidifying the jet flow, depositing the jet flow on the surface of the first composite material I in the step E) in a large-amount nanofiber form, and forming an electrostatic spinning nanofiber antibacterial layer serving as an inner layer on the surface of the first composite material I to obtain a second composite material II;
I) dissolving a high polymer raw material in N, N-dimethylformamide serving as a solvent, adding a function-adding substance, heating at 40-80 ℃ for 10-14h, and fully stirring in the heating process to fully dissolve the high polymer to obtain a spinnable electrostatic spinning nanofiber function-adding spinning solution with the mass percentage of the high polymer of 5-30% and the mass percentage of the function-adding substance of 0.1-10%;
J) using a needle-free nozzle as an electrostatic spinning nozzle, supplying the electrostatic spinning nanofiber additional function spinning solution obtained in the step I) to the electrostatic spinning nozzle through a liquid supply device, and controlling the speed of liquid supply to a single electrostatic spinning nozzle;
K) arranging a metal grounding device below the receiving screen curtain in the step E), controlling the distance between the electrostatic spinning nozzle in the step J) and the receiving screen curtain to be 10-20cm, controlling the spinning voltage to be 35-65KV, starting electrostatic spinning, stretching the jet flow of the electrostatic spinning nano additional function spinning solution in the step J) through a high-voltage electrostatic field, volatilizing a solvent, solidifying the jet flow, depositing the jet flow on the surface of the second composite material II in the step H) in a large-amount nanofiber form, and forming an electrostatic spinning nano fiber additional function layer which is also used as an inner layer on the surface of the second composite material II to obtain a third composite material III;
l) preparing a finished product, namely performing hot-melt compounding or hot-rolling compounding on the third composite material III obtained in the step K), cooling and rolling to obtain the micro-nanofiber composite non-woven medical and sanitary material.
In still a more specific embodiment of the present invention, the controlling of the liquid supply rate to the single electrospinning jet head in the step C) is to control the liquid supply rate to be 0.1-15 ml/h; controlling the liquid supply speed of a single electrostatic spinning nozzle in the step G) to be 0.1-20 ml/h; and the step J) controls the liquid supply speed of the single electrostatic spinning nozzle to be 0.1-20 ml/h.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the technical effects that: because the electrostatic spinning polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) nanofiber hydrophobic layer is used as the outer layer, the micron fiber layer is used as the middle layer, and the combination of the electrostatic spinning nanofiber antibacterial layer and the electrostatic spinning nanofiber additional functional layer is used as the inner layer, the uniformity of the fibers is ensured, and because the fiber cotton net formed by the outer layer, the middle layer and the inner layer is subjected to hot melting or hot rolling, the good combination effect among the layers can be ensured, the integral air permeability of the composite material can be effectively ensured, and the liquid can be effectively prevented from permeating into the material by means of PMMA; the microfiber layer as the middle layer can provide effective mechanical support and certain barrier effect; the material of the inner layer contacting with the human body can provide a sanitary and safe microenvironment, and the electrostatic spinning nanofiber additional functional layer as the inner layer can also provide additional functions such as heating, growth factors and the like; the small-scale structure constructed by the nano-fibers can effectively intercept toxic and harmful substances in medical and sanitary scenes, and extremely bacteriostatic and antibacterial effects are embodied; the prepared product has good comfort in use; the preparation method can meet the requirement of industrial scale-up production and can ensure that the technical effects are comprehensively reflected.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to specific examples, which, however, are not intended to limit the technical spirit of the present invention, and for example, any changes in form but not essential to the inventive concept should be construed as the technical spirit of the present invention. In addition, the polyvinyl alcohol mentioned in the examples below was of type 1788.
Example 1:
A) polypropylene (PP) fibers serving as a micron fiber raw material are sequentially opened by an opener, carded by a carding machine and laid (i.e. lapped) on a receiving net curtain (also called a lapping curtain or a conveying curtain) by a lapping machine to obtain a micron fiber layer serving as an intermediate layer and consisting of the raw materials;
B) firstly, dissolving polymethyl methacrylate as a solvent in N, N-dimethylformamide, and heating in a water bath for 10 hours at the water bath temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain a polymethyl methacrylate spinning solution with the mass percent concentration of the polymethyl methacrylate of 20%;
C) using a needle-free nozzle as an electrostatic spinning nozzle, supplying the polymethyl methacrylate spinning solution obtained in the step B) to the electrostatic spinning nozzle through a liquid supply device such as a peristaltic pump, and controlling the liquid supply speed of a single (or each) electrostatic spinning nozzle to be 0.1 ml/h;
D) arranging a metal grounding device such as a grounding metal plate below the receiving screen curtain in the step A), controlling the distance between the electrostatic spinning nozzle and the receiving screen curtain in the step C) to be 20cm, controlling the spinning voltage to be 35KV, starting electrostatic spinning, stretching the polymethyl methacrylate spinning solution jet flow in the steps B) and C) through a high-voltage electrostatic field, volatilizing a solvent, solidifying the jet flow to form nano fibers, and depositing the nano fibers on the micro fiber layer serving as the middle layer in the step A) to form a nano composite fiber net serving as an electrostatic spinning polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) nano fiber hydrophobic layer of the outer layer;
E) reversing the output of the nano composite fiber web obtained in the step D) to enable the electrostatic spinning polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) nano fiber hydrophobic layer serving as the outer layer to be positioned below the receiving net curtain (namely, the body of the receiving net curtain is turned over), and enabling the micro fiber layer serving as the middle layer, namely the micro fiber layer in the step A), to be positioned above the receiving net curtain to obtain a first composite material I;
F) dissolving a high polymer raw material PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) in N, N-dimethylformamide serving as a solvent, adding the PVA containing chitosan serving as an antibacterial functional substance inside, heating in a water bath at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 10 hours, and fully stirring in the water bath heating process until the high polymer is fully dissolved to obtain a spinnable electrostatic spinning nanofiber antibacterial spinning solution with the mass percentage of the high polymer of 18% and the mass percentage of the antibacterial functional substance of 10%;
G) using a needle-free nozzle as an electrostatic spinning nozzle, supplying the electrostatic spinning nanofiber antibacterial spinning solution obtained in the step F) to the electrostatic spinning nozzle through a liquid supply device such as a peristaltic pump, and controlling the liquid supply speed of a single (also called each) electrostatic spinning nozzle to be 20 ml/h;
H) arranging a metal grounding device such as a grounding metal plate under the receiving screen curtain in the step E), controlling the distance between the electrostatic spinning nozzle in the step G) and the receiving screen curtain to be 15cm, controlling the spinning voltage to be 35KV, starting electrostatic spinning, stretching the spinnable electrostatic spinning nanofiber antibacterial spinning solution jet flow in the step F) through a high-voltage electrostatic field, volatilizing a solvent, solidifying the jet flow, depositing the jet flow on the surface of the first composite material I in the step E) in the form of a large number of nanofibers (also called the form, the same as the form), and forming an electrostatic spinning nanofiber antibacterial layer serving as an inner layer on the surface of the first composite material I to obtain a second composite material II;
I) dissolving PVA as a high polymer raw material into N, N-dimethylformamide as a spinning solvent, doping PVA containing collagen as an additional functional substance inside, heating at 60 ℃ in a water bath for 12h, and fully stirring in the heating process to fully dissolve the high polymer to obtain a spinnable electrostatic spinning nanofiber additional functional spinning solution with the mass percentage of the high polymer of 30% and the mass percentage of the additional functional substance of 0.1%;
J) using a needle-free nozzle as an electrostatic spinning nozzle, supplying the electrostatic spinning nanofiber additional function spinning solution obtained in the step I) to the electrostatic spinning nozzle through a liquid supply device such as a peristaltic pump, and controlling the liquid supply speed of a single (also called each) electrostatic spinning nozzle to be 10 ml/h;
K) arranging a metal grounding device such as a grounding metal plate below the receiving screen curtain in the step E), controlling the distance between the electrostatic spinning nozzle and the receiving screen curtain in the step J) to be 20cm, controlling the spinning voltage to be 45KV, starting electrostatic spinning, stretching the jet flow of the electrostatic spinning nano additional function spinning solution in the step J) through a high-voltage electrostatic field, volatilizing the solvent, solidifying the jet flow, depositing the jet flow on the surface of the second composite material II in the step H) in the form of a large number of nano fibers (also called as 'form'), and forming an electrostatic spinning nano fiber additional function layer which is also used as an inner layer on the surface of the second composite material II to obtain a third composite material III;
l) preparing a finished product, namely performing hot melting compounding on the third composite material III obtained in the step K), cooling and rolling to obtain the micro-nano fiber composite non-woven medical and health material.
Example 2:
A) sequentially opening polylactic acid (PLA) fibers serving as a micrometer fiber raw material by an opener, carding by a carding machine and laying (i.e. lapping) the PLA fibers on a receiving net curtain (also called a lapping curtain or a conveying curtain) by a lapping machine to obtain a micrometer fiber layer serving as a middle layer and consisting of the raw materials;
B) firstly, dissolving polymethyl methacrylate as a solvent in N, N-dimethylformamide, and heating in a water bath for 14 hours at the water bath temperature of 40 ℃ to obtain a polymethyl methacrylate spinning solution with the mass percent concentration of the polymethyl methacrylate of 30%;
C) using a needle-free nozzle as an electrostatic spinning nozzle, supplying the polymethyl methacrylate spinning solution obtained in the step B) to the electrostatic spinning nozzle through a liquid supply device such as a peristaltic pump, and controlling the liquid supply speed of a single (or each) electrostatic spinning nozzle to be 15 ml/h;
D) arranging a metal grounding device such as a grounding metal plate below the receiving screen curtain in the step A), controlling the distance between the electrostatic spinning nozzle and the receiving screen curtain in the step C) to be 15cm, controlling the spinning voltage to be 45KV, starting electrostatic spinning, stretching the polymethyl methacrylate spinning solution jet flow in the steps B) and C) through a high-voltage electrostatic field, volatilizing a solvent, solidifying the jet flow to form nano fibers, and depositing the nano fibers on the micro fiber layer serving as the middle layer in the step A) to form a nano composite fiber net serving as an electrostatic spinning polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) nano fiber hydrophobic layer of the outer layer;
E) reversing the output of the nano composite fiber web obtained in the step D) to enable the electrostatic spinning polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) nano fiber hydrophobic layer serving as the outer layer to be positioned below the receiving net curtain (namely, the body of the receiving net curtain is turned over), and enabling the micro fiber layer serving as the middle layer, namely the micro fiber layer in the step A), to be positioned above the receiving net curtain to obtain a first composite material I;
F) dissolving a high polymer raw material namely PAN in N, N-dimethylformamide serving as a solvent, adding PAN which internally contains a mixture of antibacterial polypeptide serving as an antibacterial functional substance, nano-silver and triclosan according to the same or different arbitrary weight ratios, heating in a water bath for 14 hours at the water bath temperature of 40 ℃, and fully stirring in the water bath heating process until the high polymer is fully dissolved to obtain a spinnable electrostatic spinning nanofiber antibacterial spinning solution with the mass percentage of the high polymer of 5% and the mass percentage of the antibacterial functional substance of 6%;
G) using a needle-free nozzle as an electrostatic spinning nozzle, supplying the electrostatic spinning nanofiber antibacterial spinning solution obtained in the step F) to the electrostatic spinning nozzle through a liquid supply device such as a peristaltic pump, and controlling the liquid supply speed of a single (also called each) electrostatic spinning nozzle to be 10 ml/h;
H) arranging a metal grounding device such as a grounding metal plate under the receiving screen curtain in the step E), controlling the distance between the electrostatic spinning nozzle in the step G) and the receiving screen curtain to be 10cm, controlling the spinning voltage to be 50KV, starting electrostatic spinning, stretching the spinnable electrostatic spinning nanofiber antibacterial spinning solution jet flow in the step F) through a high-voltage electrostatic field, volatilizing a solvent, solidifying the jet flow, depositing the jet flow on the surface of the first composite material I in the step E) in the form of a large number of nanofibers (also called the form, the same as the form), and forming an electrostatic spinning nanofiber antibacterial layer serving as an inner layer on the surface of the first composite material I to obtain a second composite material II;
I) dissolving a high polymer raw material namely PAN in N, N-dimethylformamide as a solvent namely a spinning solvent, doping PAN internally containing a procoagulant material such as aminomethylbenzoic acid as an additional functional substance, heating for 10h at the water bath temperature of 80 ℃, and fully stirring in the heating process to fully dissolve the high polymer to obtain a spinnable electrostatic spinning nanofiber additional functional spinning solution with the mass percentage of the high polymer of 17 percent and the mass percentage of the additional functional substance of 6 percent;
J) using a needle-free nozzle as an electrostatic spinning nozzle, supplying the electrostatic spinning nanofiber additional function spinning solution obtained in the step I) to the electrostatic spinning nozzle through a liquid supply device such as a peristaltic pump, and controlling the liquid supply speed of a single (also called each) electrostatic spinning nozzle to be 20 ml/h;
K) arranging a metal grounding device such as a grounding metal plate below the receiving screen curtain in the step E), controlling the distance between the electrostatic spinning nozzle and the receiving screen curtain in the step J) to be 10cm, controlling the spinning voltage to be 35KV, starting electrostatic spinning, stretching the jet flow of the electrostatic spinning nano additional function spinning solution in the step J) through a high-voltage electrostatic field, volatilizing the solvent, solidifying the jet flow, depositing the jet flow on the surface of the second composite material II in the step H) in the form of a large number of nano fibers (also called as 'form'), and forming an electrostatic spinning nano fiber additional function layer which is also used as an inner layer on the surface of the second composite material II to obtain a third composite material III;
l) preparing a finished product, namely hot rolling and compounding the third composite material III obtained in the step K), cooling and rolling to obtain the micro-nano fiber composite non-woven medical and health material.
Example 3:
A) sequentially opening mixed fibers which are formed by mixing Polyester (PET) fibers, polypropylene (PP) fibers and polylactic acid (PLA) fibers serving as micrometer fiber raw materials according to any weight ratio by an opener, carding by a carding machine and laying (namely lapping) on a receiving net curtain (also called a lapping net curtain or a conveying curtain) by a lapping machine to obtain a micrometer fiber layer which is formed by the raw materials and serves as a middle layer;
B) firstly, dissolving polymethyl methacrylate as a solvent in N, N-dimethylformamide, and heating in a water bath for 12 hours at the water bath temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain a polymethyl methacrylate spinning solution with the mass percent concentration of the polymethyl methacrylate of 10%;
C) using a needle-free nozzle as an electrostatic spinning nozzle, supplying the polymethyl methacrylate spinning solution obtained in the step B) to the electrostatic spinning nozzle through a liquid supply device such as a peristaltic pump, and controlling the liquid supply speed of a single (or each) electrostatic spinning nozzle to be 8 ml/h;
D) arranging a metal grounding device such as a grounding metal plate below the receiving screen curtain in the step A), controlling the distance between the electrostatic spinning nozzle and the receiving screen curtain in the step C) to be 10cm, controlling the spinning voltage to be 65KV, starting electrostatic spinning, stretching the polymethyl methacrylate spinning solution jet flow in the steps B) and C) through a high-voltage electrostatic field, volatilizing a solvent, solidifying the jet flow to form nano fibers, and depositing the nano fibers on the micro fiber layer serving as the middle layer in the step A) to form a nano composite fiber net serving as an electrostatic spinning polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) nano fiber hydrophobic layer of the outer layer;
E) reversing the output of the nano composite fiber web obtained in the step D) to enable the electrostatic spinning polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) nano fiber hydrophobic layer serving as the outer layer to be positioned below the receiving net curtain (namely, the body of the receiving net curtain is turned over), and enabling the micro fiber layer serving as the middle layer, namely the micro fiber layer in the step A), to be positioned above the receiving net curtain to obtain a first composite material I;
F) dissolving a high polymer raw material, namely PLA in N, N-dimethylformamide serving as a solvent, adding PLA containing a mixture of chitosan oligosaccharide and chitosan which are mixed according to any weight ratio, heating in a water bath for 12h at the water bath temperature of 60 ℃, and fully stirring in the water bath heating process until the high polymer is fully dissolved to obtain a spinnable electrostatic spinning nanofiber antibacterial spinning solution with the mass percentage of the high polymer of 30% and the mass percentage of the antibacterial functional substance of 0.1%;
G) using a needle-free nozzle as an electrostatic spinning nozzle, supplying the electrostatic spinning nanofiber antibacterial spinning solution obtained in the step F) to the electrostatic spinning nozzle through a liquid supply device such as a peristaltic pump, and controlling the liquid supply speed of a single (or each) electrostatic spinning nozzle to be 0.1 ml/h;
H) arranging a metal grounding device such as a grounding metal plate under the receiving screen curtain in the step E), controlling the distance between the electrostatic spinning nozzle in the step G) and the receiving screen curtain to be 20cm, controlling the spinning voltage to be 65KV, starting electrostatic spinning, stretching the spinnable electrostatic spinning nanofiber antibacterial spinning solution jet flow in the step F) through a high-voltage electrostatic field, volatilizing a solvent, solidifying the jet flow, depositing the jet flow on the surface of the first composite material I in the step E) in the form of a large number of nanofibers (also called the form, the same as the form), and forming an electrostatic spinning nanofiber antibacterial layer serving as an inner layer on the surface of the first composite material I to obtain a second composite material II;
I) dissolving a high polymer raw material PLA in N, N-dimethylformamide as a solvent, namely a spinning solvent, adding PLA containing a growth factor such as oligopeptide-1 as an additional functional substance and a mixture of a heating material, heating for 14h at the water bath temperature of 40 ℃, and fully stirring in the heating process to fully dissolve the high polymer to obtain a spinnable electrostatic spinning nanofiber additional functional spinning solution with the high polymer content of 5% by mass and the additional functional substance content of 10% by mass, wherein the heating material in the step is one or more of ginsenoside, amino acid, vitamin, vermiculite and reduced iron powder;
J) using a needle-free nozzle as an electrostatic spinning nozzle, supplying the electrostatic spinning nanofiber additional function spinning solution obtained in the step I) to the electrostatic spinning nozzle through a liquid supply device such as a peristaltic pump, and controlling the liquid supply speed of a single (also called each) electrostatic spinning nozzle to be 0.1 ml/h;
K) arranging a metal grounding device such as a grounding metal plate below the receiving screen curtain in the step E), controlling the distance between the electrostatic spinning nozzle and the receiving screen curtain in the step J) to be 15cm, controlling the spinning voltage to be 65KV, starting electrostatic spinning, stretching the jet flow of the electrostatic spinning nano additional function spinning solution in the step J) through a high-voltage electrostatic field, volatilizing the solvent, solidifying the jet flow, depositing the jet flow on the surface of the second composite material II in the step H) in the form of a large number of nano fibers (also called as 'form'), and forming an electrostatic spinning nano fiber additional function layer which is also used as an inner layer on the surface of the second composite material II to obtain a third composite material III;
l) preparing a finished product, namely performing hot melting compounding on the third composite material III obtained in the step K), cooling and rolling to obtain the micro-nano fiber composite non-woven medical and health material.
In conclusion, the technical scheme provided by the invention overcomes the defects in the prior art, successfully completes the invention task and truly realizes the technical effects of the applicant in the technical effect column.
Claims (10)
1. The micro-nanofiber composite non-woven medical and health material is composed of an outer layer, an intermediate layer and an inner layer, and is characterized in that the outer layer is an electrostatic spinning polymethyl methacrylate nanofiber hydrophobic layer, the intermediate layer is a microfiber layer, and the inner layer is a combination of an electrostatic spinning nanofiber antibacterial layer and an electrostatic spinning nanofiber additional functional layer.
2. The micro-nanofiber composite non-woven medical and sanitary material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the micro-nanofibers are one or more of polypropylene fibers, polyester fibers and polylactic acid fibers.
3. The micro-nano fiber composite non-woven medical and sanitary material according to claim 1, wherein the electrospun nano fiber antibacterial layer is composed of nano fibers containing antibacterial functional substances inside.
4. The micro-nano fiber composite non-woven medical and sanitary material according to claim 3, wherein the antibacterial functional substance comprises one or more of chitosan oligosaccharide, chitosan, antibacterial polypeptide, nano silver, triclosan and quaternary ammonium salt, and is dissolved in the mixed spinning solution for electrostatic spinning during electrostatic spinning.
5. The micro-nano fiber composite non-woven medical and sanitary material according to claim 1, wherein the electrospun nanofiber additional functional layer is composed of nanofibers containing additional functional substances inside.
6. The micro-nanofiber composite non-woven medical and health material as claimed in claim 5, wherein the additional functional substance comprises one or more of procoagulant material, growth factor, collagen and exothermic material, and is dissolved in the mixed spinning solution for electrostatic spinning during electrostatic spinning.
7. The micro-nanofiber composite non-woven medical and sanitary material as claimed in claim 3, wherein the raw material of the nanofiber containing the antibacterial functional substance inside is polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl alcohol or polylactic acid.
8. The micro-nanofiber composite non-woven medical and sanitary material as claimed in claim 5, wherein the nano-fiber containing additional functional substances inside is made of polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl alcohol or polylactic acid.
9. The preparation method of the micro-nanofiber composite non-woven medical and sanitary material as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
A) sequentially opening the micron fiber raw material by an opener, carding by a carding machine and laying the micron fiber raw material on a receiving net curtain by a lapping machine to obtain a micron fiber layer serving as a middle layer;
B) firstly, dissolving polymethyl methacrylate in N, N-dimethylformamide, and heating the solution in water bath for 10-14h at the water bath temperature of 40-80 ℃ to obtain a polymethyl methacrylate spinning solution with the mass percent concentration of the polymethyl methacrylate of 10-30%;
C) using a needle-free nozzle as an electrostatic spinning nozzle, supplying the polymethyl methacrylate spinning solution obtained in the step B) to the electrostatic spinning nozzle through a liquid supply device, and controlling the speed of liquid supply to a single electrostatic spinning nozzle;
D) arranging a metal grounding device below the receiving net curtain in the step A), controlling the distance between the electrostatic spinning nozzle and the receiving net curtain in the step C) to be 10-20cm, controlling the spinning voltage to be 35-65KV, starting electrostatic spinning, stretching jet flow of the polymethyl methacrylate spinning solution in the steps B) and C) through a high-voltage electrostatic field, volatilizing a solvent, solidifying the jet flow to form nano fibers, and depositing the nano fibers on one side surface of the micro fiber layer in the step A) to obtain a nano composite fiber net with an electrostatic spinning polymethyl methacrylate nano fiber hydrophobic layer as an outer layer formed on the micro fiber layer;
E) reversing the output of the nano composite fiber web obtained in the step D) to enable the electrostatic spinning polymethyl methacrylate nano fiber hydrophobic layer serving as the outer layer to be positioned below the receiving net curtain and the micro fiber layer serving as the middle layer to be positioned above the receiving net curtain to obtain a first composite material I;
F) dissolving a high polymer raw material in N, N-dimethylformamide serving as a solvent, adding an antibacterial functional substance, heating in a water bath at the temperature of 40-80 ℃ for 10-14h, and fully stirring in the water bath heating process to fully dissolve the high polymer to obtain a spinnable electrostatic spinning nanofiber antibacterial spinning solution with the high polymer content of 5-30% by mass and the antibacterial functional substance content of 0.1-10% by mass;
G) using a needle-free nozzle as an electrostatic spinning nozzle, supplying the electrostatic spinning nanofiber antibacterial spinning solution obtained in the step F) to the electrostatic spinning nozzle through a liquid supply device, and controlling the speed of liquid supply to a single electrostatic spinning nozzle;
H) arranging a metal grounding device under the receiving net curtain in the step E), controlling the distance between the electrostatic spinning nozzle in the step G) and the receiving net curtain to be 10-20cm, controlling the spinning voltage to be 35-65KV, starting electrostatic spinning, stretching the spinnable electrostatic spinning nanofiber antibacterial spinning solution jet flow in the step F) through a high-voltage electrostatic field, volatilizing a solvent, solidifying the jet flow, depositing the jet flow on the surface of the first composite material I in the step E) in a large-amount nanofiber form, and forming an electrostatic spinning nanofiber antibacterial layer serving as an inner layer on the surface of the first composite material I to obtain a second composite material II;
I) dissolving a high polymer raw material in N, N-dimethylformamide serving as a solvent, adding a function-adding substance, heating at 40-80 ℃ for 10-14h, and fully stirring in the heating process to fully dissolve the high polymer to obtain a spinnable electrostatic spinning nanofiber function-adding spinning solution with the mass percentage of the high polymer of 5-30% and the mass percentage of the function-adding substance of 0.1-10%;
J) using a needle-free nozzle as an electrostatic spinning nozzle, supplying the electrostatic spinning nanofiber additional function spinning solution obtained in the step I) to the electrostatic spinning nozzle through a liquid supply device, and controlling the speed of liquid supply to a single electrostatic spinning nozzle;
K) arranging a metal grounding device below the receiving screen curtain in the step E), controlling the distance between the electrostatic spinning nozzle in the step J) and the receiving screen curtain to be 10-20cm, controlling the spinning voltage to be 35-65KV, starting electrostatic spinning, stretching the jet flow of the electrostatic spinning nano additional function spinning solution in the step J) through a high-voltage electrostatic field, volatilizing a solvent, solidifying the jet flow, depositing the jet flow on the surface of the second composite material II in the step H) in a large-amount nanofiber form, and forming an electrostatic spinning nano fiber additional function layer which is also used as an inner layer on the surface of the second composite material II to obtain a third composite material III;
l) preparing a finished product, namely performing hot-melt compounding or hot-rolling compounding on the third composite material III obtained in the step K), cooling and rolling to obtain the micro-nanofiber composite non-woven medical and sanitary material.
10. The method for preparing micro-nano fiber composite nonwoven medical and health materials according to claim 9, wherein the controlling of the liquid supply speed to the single electrospinning jet head in the step C) is to control the speed to be 0.1-15 ml/h; controlling the liquid supply speed of a single electrostatic spinning nozzle in the step G) to be 0.1-20 ml/h; and the step J) controls the liquid supply speed of the single electrostatic spinning nozzle to be 0.1-20 ml/h.
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