CN112809059B - Processing method of journal type compressor blade - Google Patents
Processing method of journal type compressor blade Download PDFInfo
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- CN112809059B CN112809059B CN202011528984.2A CN202011528984A CN112809059B CN 112809059 B CN112809059 B CN 112809059B CN 202011528984 A CN202011528984 A CN 202011528984A CN 112809059 B CN112809059 B CN 112809059B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
- B23C3/16—Working surfaces curved in two directions
- B23C3/18—Working surfaces curved in two directions for shaping screw-propellers, turbine blades, or impellers
Abstract
The invention provides a method for processing a journal compressor blade, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: taking six positioning points on the blank as positioning references, and positioning and mounting the blank on a five-axis machining center; step two: milling each shape element of the large end to the size of a finished product to obtain an annular mounting groove and an angular mounting surface; step three: milling each shape element of the small end to the size of a finished product to obtain a small end journal, and converting the blank into an intermediate a; step four: positioning and mounting the intermediate a on a five-axis machining center by taking the excircle of the annular mounting groove, the excircle of the small-end journal and the angular mounting surface as positioning references, and applying pretension at two ends of the intermediate a; step five: and milling the basin side and the back side of the blade body and other shape elements at two ends of the blade body to the size of a finished product. The invention can avoid the error accumulation caused by multiple times of reference conversion, so that the deformation of the blade is concentrated, and the deformation of the blade in the processing process is controllable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a method for machining a journal type compressor blade.
Background
The structure of a certain type of compressor blade is shown in fig. 1 and 2 and comprises a big end journal 7, a small end journal 4, a big end mounting plate, a small end mounting plate, an annular mounting groove 11 and a blade body 1, wherein the big end journal 7 is coaxial with the small end journal 4, the big end journal 7 is distributed at a first end of the blade body 1, the small end journal 4 is distributed at a second end of the blade body 1, the big end mounting plate is positioned between the big end journal 7 and the blade body 1, the small end mounting plate is positioned between the small end journal 4 and the blade body 1, and the annular mounting groove 11 is positioned between the big end journal 7 and the big end mounting plate. The above structure is integrally formed, and is machined from a blade blank 13 as shown in fig. 3, and the clamping and positioning are typical blade type six-point positioning as shown in fig. 3. Currently, the more mature process for this type of blade processing in the industry is: firstly, positioning six points of the blade body on the end face of the large end journal and the small end journal to drill a central hole, then positioning and roughly turning the large end journal, the small end journal, the groove and the excircle by using the central hole, positioning and roughly milling the inner side faces of the blade body and the mounting plate by using the large end journal and the small end journal, then finely turning the large end journal, the small end journal, the groove and the excircle, and finely milling the inner side faces of the blade body and the mounting plate. This conventional process has the following disadvantages:
1. the machining process is multiple, the used machining equipment, special fixtures and special measuring tools are multiple, and the machining period is long;
2. during machining, six-point reference of a blank is converted into center holes at two ends, and the center holes are deflected along with deformation of blades in the machining process and cannot be adjusted, so that the finished machining size is out of tolerance;
3. after the blade body is roughly milled, the large-end journal and the small-end journal are finely turned, so that the integral rigidity of the blade is insufficient, the blade is easy to deform, and the size of the excircle of the journal is out of tolerance;
4. after the blade body is finely milled, the blade deforms to cause the coaxiality of the small end relative to the large end to be out of tolerance;
5. the processing flow is long, the processing process has more variables, and the deformation is difficult to analyze and control.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for processing a journal type compressor blade, which can avoid error accumulation caused by multiple times of reference conversion, so that the blade is deformed concentratedly, and the deformation of the blade in the processing process is controllable.
The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for processing a journal compressor blade comprises the working procedures of primary workpiece clamping, large end milling, small end milling, secondary workpiece clamping and blade profile milling, and specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, clamping a workpiece at one time: taking six positioning points on the blank as positioning references, and positioning and mounting the blank on a five-axis machining center;
step two, milling a big end: milling each shape element of the large end to the size of a finished product to obtain an annular mounting groove and an angular mounting surface;
step three, milling small ends: milling each shape element of the small end to the size of a finished product to obtain a small-end journal, and converting the blank into an intermediate a;
step four, secondary clamping of the workpiece: positioning and mounting the intermediate a on a five-axis machining center by taking the excircle of the annular mounting groove, the excircle of the small-end journal and the angular mounting surface as positioning references, and applying pretension at two ends of the intermediate a;
step five, milling the molded surface of the blade body: and milling the basin side and the back side of the blade body and other shape elements at two ends of the blade body to the size of a finished product.
According to a preferred embodiment, the step two of milling the annular mounting groove comprises the following steps:
b1: roughly milling the outer circular surface of the annular mounting groove and the inner circular surface of the annular mounting groove, and reserving a machining allowance of 0.1-0.2mm on the basis of the size of a finished product;
b2: finish milling the outer circular surface of the annular mounting groove, reserving a radial machining allowance of 0.02mm, measuring the outer circular diameter of the annular mounting groove by using an external micrometer after finish milling, compensating according to the measurement, and re-operating a five-axis machining center program for milling again to enable the outer circular surface of the annular mounting groove to reach the size of a finished product;
b3: finish milling the interior disc of annular mounting groove, reserving 0.02 mm's radial machining allowance, adopting wall thickness calliper to measure annular mounting groove wall thickness after the finish milling, according to the measured value compensation, moving five-axis machining center procedure again and milling for the interior disc of annular mounting groove to finished product size.
According to a preferred embodiment, the step two of milling the angular mounting surface comprises the following steps:
c1: roughly milling an angular installation surface, and reserving a machining allowance of 0.1-0.2mm on the basis of the size of a finished product;
c2: and finely milling the angular mounting surface, reserving machining allowance of 0.02mm, detecting the size of the angular mounting surface after fine milling, compensating according to a measured value, and re-operating a five-axis machining center program for milling again to enable the angular mounting surface to reach the size of a finished product.
According to a preferred embodiment, the step three of milling the small end journal comprises the steps of:
d1: roughly milling a small-end journal, and reserving machining allowance of 0.1-0.2mm on the basis of the size of a finished product;
d2: and (3) finely milling the small-end shaft neck, reserving a radial machining allowance of 0.02mm, measuring the diameter of the small-end shaft neck by using an external micrometer after fine milling, compensating according to a measured value, and re-operating a five-axis machining center program for milling again to enable the small-end shaft neck to reach the size of a finished product.
According to a preferred embodiment, the specific steps of the fourth step are as follows:
e1: filling a profiling support in the annular mounting groove, sleeving a first bushing outside the annular mounting groove to obtain an annular mounting groove to be clamped, and clamping and fixing the annular mounting groove to be clamped by using an A-axis three-jaw chuck of a five-axis machining center;
e2: sleeving a second bushing outside the small end journal to obtain a shaft to be clamped, and clamping and fixing the shaft to be clamped by using a C-axis three-jaw chuck of a five-axis machining center;
e3: and the axis A and the axis C of the five-axis machining center exert the pretensioning force on the intermediate body a along the axial direction of the intermediate body a.
According to a preferred embodiment, the step five of milling the blade bowl side and the blade back side of the blade body comprises the following steps:
g1: roughly milling the basin side and the back side of the blade body, and reserving a machining allowance of 0.5 mm;
g2: and finely milling the basin side and the back side of the blade body to the size of a finished product.
According to a preferred embodiment, further comprising a polishing step, said polishing step being subsequent to said step five; the polishing machine is used for polishing the basin side and the back side of the blade body and other shape elements needing polishing treatment.
The technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention at least has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
in the processing process from a blank to a finished product, only two times of clamping are needed, when a workpiece is clamped once, six positioning points of the blank are used as references to directly process a large end journal and a small end journal to the size of the finished product, error accumulation caused by multiple reference conversion in the traditional processing technology is avoided, meanwhile, processing equipment, special fixtures and special measuring tools are greatly reduced, the production period is greatly shortened, then, two ends are used as references to carry out secondary clamping of the workpiece, the clamping directly completes processing of the workpiece, deformation of blades in the processing process is completely centralized in the process, the deformation amount is controllable, the collection and analysis of deformation data are facilitated, and the deformation of the blades is controlled by adjusting the structure of the cutter and related cutting parameters in the later period.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a compressor blade according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of a compressor blade according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic front view of the blank of the present invention.
Icon: 1-blade body, 2-small end mounting plate inner side face, 3-small end mounting plate excircle, 4-small end shaft neck, 5-small end outer end face, 6-large end mounting plate excircle, 7-large end shaft neck, 8-large end outer end face, 9-thread, 10-angular mounting face, 11-annular mounting groove, 12-large end mounting plate inner side face, 13-blank, 14-positioning point, 15-large end switching part, 16-small end switching part and F-pretension force.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, if the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are usually placed in when used, the terms are only used for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements indicated must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be further noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The compressor blade structure in this embodiment is as shown in fig. 1 and 2, and is composed of a large end journal 7, a small end journal 4, a large end mounting plate, a small end mounting plate, an annular mounting groove 11 and a blade body 1, where the large end journal 7 is coaxial with the small end journal 4, the large end journal 7 is distributed at a first end of the blade body 1, the small end journal 4 is distributed at a second end of the blade body 1, the large end mounting plate is located between the large end journal 7 and the blade body 1, the small end mounting plate is located between the small end journal 4 and the blade body 1, and the annular mounting groove 11 is located between the large end journal 7 and the large end mounting plate. The end face of the large-end journal 7 is an outer end face 8 of the large end, threads 9 are arranged on the side face of the large-end journal 7 close to the outer end face 8 of the large end, two angular installation faces 10 are arranged on the large-end journal 7, one of the angular installation faces 10 is distributed close to the basin side of the blade body 1 and is a basin-direction angular installation face 10, and the other angular installation face 10 is distributed close to the back side of the blade body 1 and is a back-direction angular installation face 10. The side of the big end mounting plate close to the blade body 1 is a big end mounting plate inner side surface 12, the periphery of the big end mounting plate is a big end mounting plate outer circle 6, and the joint of the big end mounting plate and the blade body 1 is a big end switching part 15. The tip of tip axle journal 4 is tip outer terminal surface 5, and the tip mounting panel is close to blade 1 side and is tip mounting panel medial surface 2, and the week side of tip mounting panel is tip mounting panel excircle 3, and the handing-over department of tip mounting panel and blade 1 is tip switching department 16.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a method for processing a journal compressor blade includes the steps of primary workpiece clamping, large end milling, small end milling, secondary workpiece clamping, blade profile milling and polishing, and specifically includes the following steps:
firstly, clamping a workpiece at one time: and taking six positioning points 14 on the blank 13 as positioning references, and positioning and mounting the blank 13 on a five-axis machining center. In the step, the blank 13 is a die forging with small allowance, the allowance of the blade basin side and the blade back side of the blade body is 0.8-1mm, the allowance of the air inlet side and the air outlet side is 1.5-2mm, the allowance of the large end journal and the small end journal is 2mm, and six positioning points 14 are distributed as shown in fig. 3 and are positioned at six points of a typical blade type in the industry, namely three points of the blade back, two points of the air inlet side and one point of the inner side surface of the mounting plate. When the five-axis machining center is used, the blank 13 is fixed on the five-axis machining center in a six-point positioning mode through the corresponding clamp.
Step two, milling a big end: milling each shape element of the large end to the size of a finished product to obtain an annular mounting groove 11 and an angular mounting surface 10, wherein the specific processing steps are as follows: roughly milling an annular mounting groove 11, roughly milling a large-end journal 7, roughly milling an outer circle 6 of a large-end mounting plate, roughly milling an angular mounting surface 10, finely milling the annular mounting groove 11, finely milling an outer end surface 8 of the large end, finely milling the large-end journal 7, milling threads 9, finely milling the outer circle 6 of the large-end mounting plate and finely milling the angular mounting surface 10. The specific processing steps of each shape element in the second step are as follows:
1. roughly milling the outer circular surface of the annular mounting groove 11, the inner circular surface of the annular mounting groove 11, the outer end surface 8 of the roughly milled large end, the roughly milled large end journal 7, the roughly milled large end mounting plate outer circle 6 and the roughly milled angular mounting surface 10, wherein machining allowance of 0.1-0.2mm is reserved on the basis of the corresponding finished product size of each shape element roughly milled in the step.
2. And (3) finish-milling the outer circular surface of the annular mounting groove 11 by using a phi 10R1 circular nose cutter, reserving a radial machining allowance of 0.02mm, measuring the outer circular diameter of the annular mounting groove 11 by using an outside micrometer after finish-milling, compensating according to the measurement, and re-operating a five-axis machining center program for re-milling to enable the outer circular surface of the annular mounting groove 11 to reach the size of a finished product.
3. Finish milling the inner circular surface of the annular mounting groove 11 by using a phi 10R3 circular nose cutter, reserving a radial machining allowance of 0.02mm, measuring the wall thickness of the annular mounting groove 11 by using a wall thickness caliper after finish milling, compensating according to a measured value, and re-operating a five-axis machining center program for secondary milling to enable the inner circular surface of the annular mounting groove 11 to reach the size of a finished product.
4. And (5) finish-milling the outer end face 8 of the large end to the size of a finished product by using a phi 10R1 round nose cutter.
5. And (3) finely milling the large-end journal 7 by using a phi 10R3 circular nose cutter, reserving a radial machining allowance of 0.02mm, measuring the diameter of the large-end journal 7 by using an outside micrometer after fine milling, compensating according to a measured value, and re-operating a five-axis machining center program for milling again to enable the large-end journal 7 to reach the size of a finished product.
6. A thread mill is used to mill the thread 9 at a location on the big end journal 7 near the big end outer end face 8, as shown in fig. 1.
7. And (3) finely milling the outer circle 6 of the large-end mounting plate to the size of a finished product by using a phi 10R1 circular nose cutter.
8. Swinging the B axis of the five-axis machining center by 90 degrees, finely milling the reverse angular installation surface 10 by using a phi 10R1.25 circular nose cutter, reserving machining allowance of 0.02mm, detecting the size of the reverse angular installation surface 10 by using a BLUM (binary offset um) online measurement system of the five-axis machining center after fine milling, compensating according to a measured value, and re-operating the program of the five-axis machining center for milling again to enable the reverse angular installation surface 10 to reach the size of a finished product.
9. And swinging the B axis of the five-axis machining center to-90 degrees, finely milling the basin-oriented angular mounting surface 10 by using a phi 10R1.25 round nose cutter, reserving machining allowance of 0.02mm, detecting the size of the basin-oriented angular mounting surface 10 by using a BLUM (Blum online measurement system) of the five-axis machining center after fine milling, compensating according to a measured value, and re-operating the program of the five-axis machining center for milling again to enable the basin-oriented angular mounting surface to reach the size of a finished product by 10 degrees.
Step three, milling a small end: and milling each shape element of the small end to the size of a finished product to obtain the small end journal 4, wherein the blank 13 is converted into an intermediate body a through the processing of the second step. The specific processing steps are as follows: roughly milling a small end journal 4, finely milling an outer end face 5 of the small end and finely milling the small end journal 4, wherein the specific processing steps of all shape elements in the step three are as follows:
1. the small end journal 4 is roughly milled and a machining allowance of 0.1-0.2mm is left on the basis of the size of the finished product.
2. And (5) finish-milling the outer end face 5 of the small end to the finished size by using a phi 10R1 round nose cutter.
3. And (3) finish milling the small-end journal 4 by using a phi 10R1 round nose cutter, reserving a radial machining allowance of 0.02mm, measuring the diameter of the small-end journal 4 by using an external micrometer after finish milling, compensating according to a measured value, and re-operating a five-axis machining center program for re-milling to enable the small-end journal 4 to reach the size of a finished product.
Step four, secondary clamping of the workpiece: and positioning and mounting the intermediate body a on a five-axis machining center by taking the excircle of the annular mounting groove 11, the excircle of the small-end journal 4 and the angular mounting surface 10 as positioning references, and applying pretension force F to two ends of the intermediate body a. In this embodiment, the specific clamping steps in step four are as follows:
1. the annular mounting groove 11 is filled with hard plastic profiling supports to improve the rigidity of the annular mounting groove 11, a first copper bushing is sleeved outside the annular mounting groove 11 to obtain an annular mounting groove to be clamped, and then the annular mounting groove to be clamped is clamped and fixed by an A-axis three-jaw chuck of a five-axis machining center. The first bush made of copper can prevent the outer circumferential surface of the annular mounting groove 11 from being crushed by the a-axis three-jaw chuck of the five-axis machining center.
2. And a copper second bush is sleeved outside the small end journal 4 to obtain a shaft to be clamped, and then the shaft to be clamped is clamped and fixed by a C-axis three-jaw chuck of a five-axis machining center. The second bush made of copper can prevent the outer circular surface of the small end journal 4 from being crushed by the C-axis three-jaw chuck of the five-axis machining center.
3. The axis A and the axis C of the five-axis machining center exert a pretension force F on the intermediate body a along the axial direction of the intermediate body a. Specifically, a pretension force F in the direction away from the blade body 1 is respectively applied to the intermediate body a through the axis A and the axis C of the five-axis machining center, as shown in fig. 2, the large-end journal 7 is coaxial with the small-end journal 4, and the blade body 1 is in a tight state in the milling process after the pretension force F is applied to the intermediate body a, so that the rigidity of the blade is increased, the blade body 1 is not prone to deformation in the milling process, and the coaxiality of the large-end journal 7 and the small-end journal 4 is ensured.
Step five, milling the molded surface of the blade body: and milling the basin side and the back side of the blade body 1 and other shape elements at two ends of the blade body 1 to the finished size. The fifth specific processing step comprises the following steps of roughly milling the blade basin side and the blade back side of the blade body 1, roughly milling the inner side surface 12 of the large end mounting plate, roughly milling the inner side surface 2 of the small end mounting plate, roughly milling the large end switching part 15, roughly milling the small end switching part 16, roughly milling the outer circle 3 of the small end mounting plate, finely milling the blade basin side and the blade back side of the blade body 1, finely milling the inner side surface 12 of the large end mounting plate, finely milling the inner side surface 2 of the small end mounting plate, finely milling the large end switching part 15, finely milling the small end switching part 16 and finely milling the outer circle 3 of the small end mounting plate. The concrete processing steps of each shape element in the step five are as follows:
1. and roughly milling the blade basin side and the blade back side of the blade body 1 by using a phi 16R1 round nose cutter, and reserving a machining allowance of 0.5 mm.
2. And swinging the B axis of the five-axis machining center by-20 degrees, then roughly milling the inner side surface 12 of the large-end mounting plate by using a phi 10R3 taper ball-end milling cutter, and reserving machining allowance of 0.5 mm.
3. And swinging the B axis of the five-axis machining center by 20 degrees, then roughly milling the inner side surface 2 of the small-end mounting plate by using a phi 10R3 taper ball-end milling cutter, and reserving machining allowance of 0.5 mm.
4. And swinging the B axis of the five-axis machining center by-20 degrees, then roughly milling the large-end switching part 15 by using a phi 10R3 taper ball-end milling cutter, and reserving machining allowance of 0.5 mm.
5. And swinging the B axis of the five-axis machining center by 20 degrees, then roughly milling the small-end switching part 16 by using a phi 10R3 taper ball-end milling cutter, and reserving machining allowance of 0.5 mm.
6. The basin side and the dorsal side of the blade body 1 are finish milled to finished dimensions using a phi 10R1 round nose cutter.
7. And swinging the B axis of the five-axis machining center by-20 degrees, and then finely milling the inner side surface 12 of the large-end mounting plate to the size of a finished product by using a phi 10R3 taper ball head milling cutter.
8. And swinging the B axis of the five-axis machining center by 20 degrees, and then finely milling the inner side surface 2 of the small-end mounting plate to the size of a finished product by using a phi 10R3 taper ball-end milling cutter.
9. And swinging the B axis of the five-axis machining center by-20 degrees, and then finely milling the large-end connecting part 15 to the size of a finished product by using a phi 10R3 taper ball head milling cutter.
10. And swinging the B axis of the five-axis machining center by 20 degrees, and then finish-milling the small-end joint 16 to the size of a finished product by using a phi 10R3 taper ball-end milling cutter.
11. And swinging the B axis of the five-axis machining center by-20 degrees, then milling the outer circle 3 of the small-end mounting plate by using a phi 8R1 taper ball-end milling cutter, reserving a radial machining allowance of 0.05mm, measuring the diameter of the outer circle 3 of the small-end mounting plate by using an external micrometer after milling, compensating according to the measurement, and re-operating the program of the five-axis machining center to mill again to enable the outer circle 3 of the small-end mounting plate to reach the size of a finished product.
In this embodiment, the method further includes a polishing step, and the polishing step is performed after the fifth step. The polishing machine is used to polish the basin side and the back side of the blade body 1 and other form factors requiring polishing treatment. Specifically, polishing: and (3) polishing the basin side and the back side of the blade body 1, the inner side surface 12 of the large end mounting plate, the large end switching part 15, the inner side surface 2 of the small end mounting plate and the small end switching part 16 which are milled in the previous step by using a polishing machine, and removing the milling tool marks in the areas.
In summary, in the compressor blade processing method provided by this embodiment, the middle portion of the blank 13 is clamped to complete processing of each shape element at both ends, and at this time, the middle portion of the blank 13 is in an unprocessed blank state, so that the rigidity is high, and deformation is not easily generated during clamping. And then clamping the workpiece again by taking the two finished ends as references, the positioning precision is high, and the workpiece is in a tight state in the milling process of the blade body 1 by applying pretension force F to the two ends of the workpiece, so that the rigidity of the workpiece is increased, and the deformation of the workpiece can be effectively reduced. In the processing process of the compressor blade provided by the embodiment, only two times of clamping are needed, and in the processing process, when a workpiece is clamped once, the large-end journal 7 and the small-end journal 4 are directly processed to the size of a finished product by taking six positioning points of the blank 13 as references, so that error accumulation caused by multiple reference conversion in the traditional processing technology is avoided, meanwhile, processing equipment, special fixtures and special measuring tools are greatly reduced, and the production period is greatly shortened. Then use both ends as the benchmark to carry out work piece secondary and press from both sides the dress, this presss from both sides the processing that the dress directly accomplished the work piece, concentrates on this process with the deformation of blade in the course of working totally for the deflection is controllable, is convenient for the collection and the analysis of deformation data, makes the later stage realize through the deformation of adjustment cutter structure and relevant cutting parameter control blade.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A processing method of a journal compressor blade is characterized in that: the method comprises the procedures of clamping the workpiece once, milling a large end, milling a small end, clamping the workpiece twice and milling a blade profile, and comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, clamping a workpiece at one time: taking six positioning points (14) on the blank (13) as positioning references, and positioning and mounting the blank (13) on a five-axis machining center;
step two, milling a big end: milling each shape element of the large end to the size of a finished product to obtain an annular mounting groove (11) and an angular mounting surface (10);
step three, milling a small end: milling each shape element of the small end to the size of a finished product to obtain a small end journal (4), wherein the blank (13) is converted into an intermediate a;
step four, secondary workpiece clamping: positioning and mounting the intermediate body a on a five-axis machining center by taking the excircle of the annular mounting groove (11), the excircle of the small-end journal (4) and the angular mounting surface (10) as positioning references, and applying pretension force (F) to two ends of the intermediate body a;
step five, milling the molded surface of the blade body: and milling the basin side and the back side of the blade body (1) and other shape elements at two ends of the blade body (1) to the size of a finished product.
2. The method of machining a journalled compressor blade according to claim 1, wherein: the step two of milling the annular mounting groove (11) comprises the following steps:
b1: roughly milling the outer circular surface of the annular mounting groove (11) and the inner circular surface of the annular mounting groove (11), and reserving machining allowance of 0.1-0.2mm on the basis of the size of a finished product;
b2: finish milling the outer circular surface of the annular mounting groove (11), reserving a radial machining allowance of 0.02mm, measuring the outer circular diameter of the annular mounting groove (11) by using an external micrometer after finish milling, compensating according to the measurement, and re-operating a five-axis machining center program for secondary milling to enable the outer circular surface of the annular mounting groove (11) to reach the size of a finished product;
b3: finish milling the interior disc of annular mounting groove (11), reserving 0.02 mm's radial machining allowance, adopting wall thickness calliper to measure annular mounting groove (11) wall thickness after the finish milling, compensating according to the measured value, rerunning five-axis machining center procedure and milling once more for the interior disc of annular mounting groove (11) to finished size.
3. The method of machining a journalled compressor blade according to claim 1, wherein: the step two of milling the angular mounting surface (10) comprises the following steps:
c1: roughly milling an angular mounting surface (10), and reserving a machining allowance of 0.1-0.2mm on the basis of the size of a finished product;
c2: and finely milling the angular mounting surface (10), reserving a machining allowance of 0.02mm, detecting the size of the angular mounting surface (10) after fine milling, compensating according to a measured value, and re-operating a five-axis machining center program for re-milling to enable the angular mounting surface (10) to reach the size of a finished product.
4. The method of machining a journalled compressor blade according to claim 1, wherein: the step three middle milling small end journal (4) comprises the following steps:
d1: roughly milling a small-end journal (4), and reserving machining allowance of 0.1-0.2mm on the basis of the size of a finished product;
d2: and (3) finely milling the small-end journal (4), reserving a radial machining allowance of 0.02mm, measuring the diameter of the small-end journal (4) by using an external micrometer after fine milling, compensating according to a measured value, and re-operating a five-axis machining center program for milling again to enable the small-end journal (4) to reach the size of a finished product.
5. The method of machining a journalled compressor blade according to claim 1, wherein: the fourth step comprises the following specific steps:
e1: filling a profiling support in the annular mounting groove (11), sleeving a first bushing outside the annular mounting groove (11) to obtain an annular mounting groove to be clamped, and clamping and fixing the annular mounting groove to be clamped by using an A-axis three-jaw chuck of a five-axis machining center;
e2: sleeving a second bushing outside the small end journal (4) to obtain a shaft to be clamped, and clamping and fixing the shaft to be clamped by using a C-axis three-jaw chuck of a five-axis machining center;
e3: and the axis A and the axis C of the five-axis machining center apply the pretensioning force (F) to the intermediate body a along the axial direction of the intermediate body a.
6. The method of machining a journalled compressor blade according to claim 1, wherein: in the fifth step, the step of milling the blade basin side and the blade back side of the blade body (1) comprises the following steps:
g1: roughly milling the blade basin side and the blade back side of the blade body (1), and reserving machining allowance of 0.5 mm;
g2: and finely milling the basin side and the back side of the blade body (1) to the size of a finished product.
7. The method of machining a journalled compressor blade according to claim 1, wherein: a polishing step is further included, and the polishing step is carried out after the fifth step;
the polishing machine is used for polishing the basin side and the back side of the blade body (1) and other form factors needing polishing treatment.
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| CN113664264A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-19 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Method for reducing milling deformation of blade |
| CN113977063B (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-07-26 | 成都和鸿科技股份有限公司 | Electromagnetic pulse welding method for wear-resistant alloy of blade shroud |
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