CN112807987A - Deodorization system and method for improving municipal sludge heat drying tail gas treatment effect - Google Patents
Deodorization system and method for improving municipal sludge heat drying tail gas treatment effect Download PDFInfo
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- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of sludge treatment, and relates to a deodorization system and a deodorization method for improving the treatment effect of municipal sludge heat drying tail gas. The deodorization system comprises a chemical deodorization unit and a biological deodorization unit, wherein the chemical deodorization unit adopts a running mode of water spraying, acid spraying and water spraying, comprises a first water spraying tower, an acid spraying tower and a second water spraying tower, can enhance the dust removal effect of the system on the tail gas in the early stage, realizes the maximum removal efficiency of pollutants such as ammonia gas in the tail gas, and reduces the influence on the subsequent running process; the biological deodorization unit comprises a water spraying system, a pre-washing tank and a biological filter, and compared with the original biological filter, the biological deodorization unit has the advantages of stable and standard outlet gas, controllable process, proper manufacturing cost, simple operation and maintenance, and popularization and application prospect in the sludge heat drying tail gas treatment industry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sludge treatment, and relates to a deodorization system and a deodorization method for improving the treatment effect of municipal sludge heat drying tail gas.
Background
As one of the mainstream technologies of the existing sludge treatment, the heat drying of the sewage has important significance in the aspect of developing the energy-saving and low-carbon sludge technology, but a large amount of irritant odor tail gas can be generated in the drying treatment process, and the direct or substandard emission causes influence on the ambient environment, so that the drying tail gas treatment becomes a bottleneck restricting the development of the technology. The biological treatment method in the method for eliminating the odor becomes one of the development and the direction of the treatment of the sludge treatment waste gas at home and abroad at present, and the waste gas is purified mainly by microorganisms of a biological filter, but the treatment process technology is immature, is easily influenced by gas components, is easy to harden a filler, and is unstable in outlet gas.
The invention with the publication number of CN102068878A discloses an odor treatment method generated by sewage sludge drying, which adopts a water washing and acid-base method to treat odor, the usage amount of spray water and chemical reagents is large, the waste liquid generated after absorption needs to be treated, the problem of secondary pollution exists, the sewage treatment device is required to be added, and the investment cost of equipment is increased; the total energy consumption is high, the operation and maintenance cost is also high, and the device is suitable for high-concentration odor. The publication number is CN106110849A, which discloses a municipal sewage plant sludge drying flue gas treatment system and a treatment process thereof, the flue gas treatment system comprises a draught fan, a flue gas cooling and backwashing system, a biological washing and biological filter system, a tail gas advanced treatment system, a backwashing system and an acid-base solution adding system, the system has a strong removal effect on VOCs, hydrogen sulfide and ammonia gas components, and has the characteristics of energy conservation, high efficiency, simple device, low operation and maintenance cost, no secondary pollution and environmental friendliness.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a deodorization system and a deodorization method for improving the municipal sludge heat drying tail gas treatment effect, improves the tail gas deodorization effect, and has the advantages of stable operation, simple operation, good economic benefit and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a deodorization system for improving the municipal sludge heat drying tail gas treatment effect, which comprises a chemical deodorization unit and a biological deodorization unit, wherein the chemical deodorization unit adopts an operation mode of water spraying, acid spraying and water spraying, and comprises a first water spraying tower, an acid spraying tower and a second water spraying tower, the first water spraying tower is used for cooling and dedusting the tail gas and removing part of polar and weak-polar VOC gas which is very soluble in water, the acid spraying tower is used for removing ammonia gas and part of polar and weak-polar VOC gas in the tail gas, and the second water spraying tower is used for absorbing the residual ammonia gas, polar and weak-polar VOC gas in the tail gas;
the biological deodorization unit comprises a water spraying system, a pre-washing tank and a biological filter tank, wherein the water spraying system is used for providing spraying water for the pre-washing tank and the biological filter tank so as to keep humidity, and the pre-washing tank is used for removing solid dust in tail gas and adjusting the humidity and temperature of the tail gas; the biological filter is used for adsorbing, absorbing and degrading pollutants in the tail gas through a physical method and a biological method.
Preferably, the filler in the first water spray tower is a polyhedral hollow sphere with the diameter of 50 mm.
Preferably, the packing in the acid spray tower is a polyhedral hollow sphere with the diameter of 50 mm.
Preferably, the filler in the second water spray tower is a polyhedral hollow sphere with the diameter of 50 mm.
Preferably, a glass fiber reinforced plastic grating plate is arranged at a position 1.0m away from the bottom of the pre-washing tank, and the filler in the pre-washing tank is a polyhedral hollow sphere with the diameter of 50 mm.
Preferably, a glass fiber reinforced plastic grating plate is arranged at a position 0.8m away from the bottom of the biological filter, and a filler layer is arranged in the biological filter.
Preferably, the filler layer is sequentially composed of a first volcanic rock layer, a first mixed material layer, a second volcanic rock layer and a second mixed material layer from bottom to top; the particle size of volcanic rock in the first volcanic rock layer and the second volcanic rock layer is 20-40 mm; the mixture in the first mixture layer and the second mixture layer is formed by mixing bark, gravels and charcoal according to the proportion of 1:1: 1.
The invention also discloses a deodorization method of the deodorization system for improving the municipal sludge heat drying tail gas treatment effect, which comprises the following steps of:
tail gas of the drier enters a first water spray tower in a chemical deodorization unit to cool and remove dust and remove part of polar and low-polarity VOC gas which is very soluble in water, the tail gas from the top of the first water spray tower enters an acid spray tower to remove ammonia gas and part of polar and low-polarity VOC gas in the tail gas, and the tail gas from the top of the acid spray tower enters a second water spray tower to absorb the residual ammonia gas, polar and low-polarity VOC gas in the tail gas;
the tail gas from the top of the second water spray tower and the waste gas of the drying workshop enter a pre-washing tank in the biological deodorization unit together so as to remove solid dust in the tail gas and adjust the humidity and the temperature of the tail gas; the waste gas from the pre-washing tank enters a biological filter tank to adsorb, absorb and degrade pollutants in the tail gas through a physical method and a biological method, and the tail gas is discharged through an exhaust funnel after being purified to reach the standard; a water spray system in the bio-deodorization unit provides spray water for the pre-wash tank and the bio-filter tank to maintain humidity.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the chemical treatment unit adopts a running mode of 'water spraying, acid spraying and water spraying', so that the dust removal effect of the system on the tail gas in the early stage can be enhanced, the maximum removal efficiency of pollutants such as ammonia gas in the tail gas is realized, and the influence on the subsequent running process is reduced. The filler in the biological filter tank is a volcanic rock and mixture alternating backfill mode, the first volcanic rock layer, the first mixed material layer, the second volcanic rock layer and the second mixed material layer are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, the characteristics of rich pores, compact structure and the like of the volcanic rock are utilized, water in gas is intercepted, the gas humidity is reduced, meanwhile, the adsorption characteristic of the mixed material and a surface biological film are utilized to carry out initial adsorption on weak-polarity and non-polarity gas in the gas, compared with the original biological filter tank treatment, the outlet gas stably reaches the standard, the filler layer is not hardened basically, the process is controllable, the manufacturing cost is proper, the operation and the maintenance are simple, and the sludge hot tail gas treatment process has popularization and application prospects.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of a deodorization system for improving the effect of treating the municipal sludge heat drying tail gas.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a biological deodorization unit in the deodorization system for improving the effect of municipal sludge heat drying tail gas treatment.
The reference numbers in the drawings: 1 is a biological filter, 2 is a pre-washing tank, 3 is a first volcanic rock layer, 4 is a first mixed material layer, 5 is a second volcanic rock layer, and 6 is a second mixed material layer.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art. The test methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the deodorization system for improving the municipal sludge heat drying tail gas treatment effect comprises a chemical deodorization unit and a biological deodorization unit, wherein the chemical deodorization unit adopts an operation mode of water spraying, acid spraying and water spraying, and comprises a first water spraying tower, an acid spraying tower and a second water spraying tower, the first water spraying tower is used for cooling and dedusting the tail gas and removing part of polar and weak polar VOC gas which is easily dissolved in water, the acid spraying tower is used for removing ammonia gas and part of polar and weak polar VOC gas in the tail gas, and the second water spraying tower is used for absorbing the residual ammonia gas, polar and weak polar VOC gas in the tail gas;
the biological deodorization unit comprises a water spraying system, a pre-washing tank and a biological filter tank, wherein the water spraying system is used for providing spraying water for the pre-washing tank and the biological filter tank so as to keep humidity, and the pre-washing tank is used for removing solid dust in tail gas and adjusting the humidity and temperature of the tail gas; the biological filter is used for adsorbing, absorbing and degrading pollutants in the tail gas through a physical method and a biological method.
In one embodiment, the amount of gas processed by the deodorization system according to the present invention is 1.7 ten thousand meters dry. The concentration of odor in the drying machine is 30902-. The concentration of mixed gas ammonia in the drying machine is 177-474mg/m3The temperature of the tail gas of the drier is 30-45 ℃, and the relative humidity is 70-90%; the ammonia concentration in the space of the drying workshop is 80-120mg/m3The temperature of the air in the drying workshop space is 20-40 ℃, and the relative humidity is 60-80%. After being treated by the chemical deodorization unit and the biological deodorization unit in the deodorization system, the concentration of ammonia in the outlet gas reaches the emission standard of malodorous pollutants (GB 14554-1993).
The dimensions of the devices in this example are as follows: (1) the total height of the first water spray tower is 6.0m, the diameter of the first water spray tower is 1.6m, first-stage spraying is arranged, the number of the spray heads is 10, the total amount of spray water is 24m for carrying out topdressing/h, the height of a material layer in the first water spray tower is 2.4m, and the filler is a multi-faceted hollow sphere with the diameter of 50 mm. The demister in the first water spray tower adopts a folded plate type, so that the problem of blockage is avoided. (2) The total height of the acid spray tower is 6.0m, the diameter is 1.6m, a first-stage spray is arranged, the number of spray heads is 10, a 30% sulfuric acid solution is adopted, and the total spray amount is 24m3And h, the height of a filling layer in the acid spray tower is 2.4m, and the filling is polyhedral hollow spheres with the diameter of 50 mm. And a demister in the acid spray tower adopts a wire mesh type. (3) The total height of the second water spray tower is 6.0m, the diameter is 1.6m, and a first water spray tower is arrangedStage spraying, the number of the spray heads is 10, and the total amount of spraying water is 24m3And h, the height of a filler layer in the second water spray tower is 2.4m, and the filler is a polyhedral hollow sphere with the diameter of 50 mm. And a demister in the second water spray tower adopts a wire mesh type. (4) As shown in figure 2, the pre-washing tank 2 is positioned at the front section of the biological filter 1, the pre-washing tank 2 is divided into a left pre-washing tank and a right pre-washing tank, the size of a single pre-washing tank 1 is 5m multiplied by 2m multiplied by 3m, a glass fiber reinforced plastic grating plate is arranged at a position 1.0m away from the bottom of the pre-washing tank 1 to support fillers, and the fillers in the pre-washing tank 2 are multi-surface hollow spheres with the height of 0.5m and the diameter of phi 50 mm. The bottom below the glass fiber reinforced plastic grating plate is communicated and used for collecting and discharging sprayed waste water and simultaneously forming an air chamber. (5) The main body of the biological filter 1 is closed and is divided into a left independent unit and a right independent unit, the upper part of the filter body is provided with an access hole and an exhaust hole, the side surface is provided with an observation hole, an air inlet and the like, the size of the biological filter 1 is 16m multiplied by 10m multiplied by 3m, a glass fiber reinforced plastic grating plate is arranged at a position 0.8m away from the bottom of the biological filter, a packing layer is arranged in the biological filter 1, and the total height of the packing layer is 1.3. The filler layer comprises a first volcanic rock layer 3 of 30cm, a first mixed material layer 4 of 50cm, a second volcanic rock layer 5 of 20cm and a second mixed material layer 6 of 30cm from bottom to top in sequence; the particle size of volcanic rock in the first volcanic rock layer 3 and the second volcanic rock layer 5 is 20-40 mm; the mixture in the first mixture layer 4 and the second mixture layer 6 is formed by mixing bark, gravels and charcoal according to the proportion of 1:1: 1.
In this embodiment, first water spray tower, sour spray tower and second water spray tower are independent spraying system among the chemical treatment unit, every spraying system is by spraying the pump, circulation tank, shower nozzle etc. constitute, certainly also can only set up a spraying system, give first water spray tower in unison, sour spray tower and second water spray tower supply with shower water, the shower water that produces after spraying is arranged to the sewer pipe network through DN50mm pipe diameter, avoid spraying waste water and get into circulation tank, guarantee the clean free from impurity of shower water quality of water, reduce the emergence of abnormal conditions such as shower nozzle jam. The tail gas after the municipal sludge drying treatment has the obvious characteristics of large dust amount, high temperature, stink and the like, and the chemical treatment unit adopts the operation mode of 'water spraying, acid spraying and water spraying', so that the dust removal effect of the system on the tail gas in the early stage can be enhanced, the maximum removal efficiency of pollutants such as ammonia gas in the tail gas is realized, and the influence on the subsequent operation process is reduced.
In the embodiment, the pre-washing tank is provided with a sewage discharge pipeline and a water spraying system; the water spraying system operates independently and comprises equipment facilities such as a centrifugal water pump, a liquid storage tank, a spraying pipeline, a spray head, a supporting piece and the like. Selecting two centrifugal pumps with the flow rate of 115 m/h and the lift of 35m as spraying water pressurizing pumps for water spraying; carrying out 50 m/h total spraying water plantation on 46 nozzles on the spraying pipeline; the spray nozzle adopts a PP spiral hollow cone spray head (the spray angle is 150 degrees, the working pressure is 3.0KG, and the single flow is 5.0m3And h, the spraying diameter is 0.5-1.0 m), the sprayed water is in a mist shape, the whole pre-washing tank is covered, no dead angle is ensured, and dust in the waste gas is removed to the maximum extent. And meanwhile, tap water used in the spraying system is changed into reclaimed water, so that the running cost is reduced. The spray water after the pre-washing tank sprays is discharged by adopting an open flow water channel with the depth of 0.5m, the channel is arranged at one side outside the biological filter and extends to a liquid storage tank (buffer tank) for collection, the collected spray water flows back through a spray water pump again for recycling, and the scaling of a packing layer can be effectively slowed down. The open flow water channel is convenient for the bottom of the pre-washing tank to be desilted and dredged, and the management efficiency is improved.
In this embodiment, the biofilter takes the form of a point source discharge. The volcanic rock has a particle size of 20-40mm, is reddish brown, has a rough and microporous surface, and has the characteristics of large specific surface area, high mechanical strength and stable chemical properties. The characteristics of rich pores, compact structure and the like of the volcanic rock are utilized to intercept moisture in the gas, reduce the humidity of the gas and simultaneously utilize the adsorption characteristic of the mixed material and the surface biological membrane to carry out initial adsorption on the weak polar and nonpolar gases in the gas. The water spraying system of the biological filter tank also operates independently and mainly comprises two spraying pumps (one is used and the other is spare), a circulating water tank, a floating ball pump liquid level meter, a spraying pipeline, a spray head and the like; 60 impact type PP material spray heads (connection size DN50, working pressure 3.0KG and flow 1.0-2.0 m) are laid on the spray head pipeline3H, spraying diameter of 1.5-2.0 m), total amount of spray water of 21m3H, the atomization effect and the spraying coverage are improved to the maximum extent; because the microorganism in the biological filter is greatly influenced by temperature, humidity and the like, the relative humidity of the inlet air is ensuredThe temperature is lower than 60 percent and lower than 40 ℃, an intermittent spraying mode is adopted, the wettability of the filter material is kept, and the internal humid environment is maintained; and the spraying water discharge paths generated after spraying are merged into the open flow water channel of the front-stage prewashing pool together, and are discharged to a liquid storage tank (buffer tank) for collection and recycling.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and it should be understood that other embodiments may be easily made by those skilled in the art by replacing or changing the technical contents disclosed in the specification, and therefore, all changes and modifications that are made on the principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The deodorization system is characterized by comprising a chemical deodorization unit and a biological deodorization unit, wherein the chemical deodorization unit adopts an operation mode of water spraying, acid spraying and water spraying, and comprises a first water spraying tower, an acid spraying tower and a second water spraying tower, wherein the first water spraying tower is used for cooling and dedusting tail gas and removing part of polar and low-polarity VOC gas which is very soluble in water, the acid spraying tower is used for removing ammonia gas and part of polar and low-polarity VOC gas in the tail gas, and the second water spraying tower is used for absorbing residual ammonia gas, polar and low-polarity VOC gas in the tail gas;
the biological deodorization unit comprises a water spraying system, a pre-washing tank and a biological filter tank, wherein the water spraying system is used for providing spraying water for the pre-washing tank and the biological filter tank so as to keep humidity, and the pre-washing tank is used for removing solid dust in tail gas and adjusting the humidity and temperature of the tail gas; the biological filter is used for adsorbing, absorbing and degrading pollutants in the tail gas through a physical method and a biological method.
2. The deodorization system for improving the effect of treating the municipal sludge heat drying tail gas according to claim 1, wherein the filler in the first water spray tower is a polyhedral hollow sphere with the diameter of 50 mm.
3. The deodorization system for improving the effect of treating the municipal sludge heat drying tail gas according to claim 1, wherein the filler in the acid spray tower is a polyhedral hollow sphere with the diameter of 50 mm.
4. The deodorization system for improving the effect of treating the municipal sludge heat drying tail gas according to claim 1, wherein the filler in the second water spray tower is a polyhedral hollow sphere with the diameter of 50 mm.
5. The deodorization system for improving the municipal sludge heat drying tail gas treatment effect according to claim 1, wherein a glass fiber reinforced plastic grating plate is arranged at a position 1.0m away from the bottom of the prewashing tank, and the filler in the prewashing tank is a polyhedral hollow sphere with the diameter of 50 mm.
6. The deodorization system for improving the effect of treating the municipal sludge heat drying tail gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein a glass fiber reinforced plastic grid plate is arranged at a position 0.8m away from the bottom of the biological filter, and a packing layer is arranged in the biological filter.
7. The deodorization system for improving the treatment effect of the municipal sludge heat drying tail gas according to claim 6, wherein the filler layer comprises a first volcanic rock layer, a first mixture layer, a second volcanic rock layer and a second mixture layer from bottom to top in sequence; the particle size of volcanic rock in the first volcanic rock layer and the second volcanic rock layer is 20-40 mm; the mixture in the first mixture layer and the second mixture layer is formed by mixing bark, gravels and charcoal according to the proportion of 1:1: 1.
8. The deodorization method of the deodorization system for improving the municipal sludge heat drying tail gas treatment effect according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
tail gas of the drier enters a first water spray tower in a chemical deodorization unit to cool and remove dust and remove part of polar and low-polarity VOC gas which is very soluble in water, the tail gas from the top of the first water spray tower enters an acid spray tower to remove ammonia gas and part of polar and low-polarity VOC gas in the tail gas, and the tail gas from the top of the acid spray tower enters a second water spray tower to absorb the residual ammonia gas, polar and low-polarity VOC gas in the tail gas;
the tail gas from the top of the second water spray tower and the waste gas of the drying workshop enter a pre-washing tank in the biological deodorization unit together so as to remove solid dust in the tail gas and adjust the humidity and the temperature of the tail gas; the waste gas from the pre-washing tank enters a biological filter tank to adsorb, absorb and degrade pollutants in the tail gas through a physical method and a biological method, and the tail gas is discharged through an exhaust funnel after being purified to reach the standard; a water spray system in the bio-deodorization unit provides spray water for the pre-wash tank and the bio-filter tank to maintain humidity.
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| CN202110051788.9A CN112807987A (en) | 2021-01-15 | 2021-01-15 | Deodorization system and method for improving municipal sludge heat drying tail gas treatment effect |
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