CN112807590B - Environment-friendly efficient fire extinguishing device and method - Google Patents
Environment-friendly efficient fire extinguishing device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112807590B CN112807590B CN202011521471.9A CN202011521471A CN112807590B CN 112807590 B CN112807590 B CN 112807590B CN 202011521471 A CN202011521471 A CN 202011521471A CN 112807590 B CN112807590 B CN 112807590B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/005—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material using nozzles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/28—Accessories for delivery devices, e.g. supports
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
- A62C99/0018—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using gases or vapours that do not support combustion, e.g. steam, carbon dioxide
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
- A62C99/0018—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using gases or vapours that do not support combustion, e.g. steam, carbon dioxide
- A62C99/0027—Carbon dioxide extinguishers
Abstract
The invention provides an environment-friendly efficient fire extinguishing device and a method, wherein the fire extinguishing device comprises a gas cylinder, a collecting pipe, a liquid container, a gas pipeline, a liquid pipeline, a two-phase flow mixing atomizing nozzle and a pressure reducing device. The invention combines the advantages of the multi-medium fire extinguishing agent, can obviously improve the fire extinguishing capability of the fire extinguishing agent, is used for closed or non-closed space of a place with people, realizes quick fire extinguishing, explosion suppression and cooling of a protection space, and has great significance for fire prevention and control and emergency rescue of novel fire protection places such as municipal comprehensive pipe galleries, new energy storage systems, chemical production and storage places and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fire emergency rescue, and particularly relates to an environment-friendly efficient fire extinguishing device and method.
Background
With the rapid development of economy in China, the frequent occurrence of serious production safety accidents is always a problem of 'big difficulty' which puzzles the development of economy and society in China. The great construction and use of municipal utility tunnel, new forms of energy storage system and chemical production storage place have also brought new conflagration prevention and control problem. Because the fire in the places has the characteristics of high energy density, extremely high fire occurrence speed, inflammability, explosiveness, high temperature and high pressure, toxicity, harm, easy corrosion, complex fire type (flowing fire, jet fire and deep fire), incapability of easily intervening in manual fire extinguishment, great personal safety and social influence and the like, the fire extinguishing system is mainly a traditional single-medium clean environment-friendly fire extinguishing system, such as a gas fire extinguishing system and a fine water mist fire extinguishing system, and is applied to the protection places at present.
The gas fire extinguishing system is mainly divided into three types, wherein one type is a pure gas fire extinguishing agent represented by IG 100, IG 01, IG 55 and IG541, the other type is a gas-liquid two-phase flow fire extinguishing agent represented by carbon dioxide and trifluoromethane, and the third type is a fire extinguishing agent which can be approximately pure liquid phase flow represented by heptafluoropropane and hexafluoropropane, wherein the heptafluoropropane gas fire extinguishing system has high cost performance, so that the occupied market share is 47 percent, the second type is the IG541 fire extinguishing system, the occupied ratio is 26 percent, and the carbon dioxide is 20 percent. However, in 2016, 10, 15 days, nearly 200 countries have signed a milestone-like agreement in Luwangdi California to reduce the emission of potent greenhouse gases such as Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), i.e., heptafluoropropane, hexafluoropropane, etc., and continue to protect the ozone layer. The developed countries will take the lead from 2019 to reduce the use of hydrofluorocarbons, and the promise of China will freeze for use before 2024 years, which is only less than 6 years away from the present. Meanwhile, although the gas fire extinguishing system is efficient and clean, the cooling effect is not obvious, and the gas fire extinguishing system is high in pressure and high in spraying force, so that the gas fire extinguishing system is generally less applied to places with people, especially, part of gas fire extinguishing agents and byproducts thereof are harmful to human bodies, for example, carbon dioxide and nitrogen can reduce oxygen concentration to suffocate people, and heptafluoropropane and hexafluoropropane can generate hydrogen fluoride which is toxic and harmful.
The current standard specification and engineering application of the water mist fire extinguishing system are water mist taking water as a medium, and the water mist fire extinguishing system is classified according to a water supply mode and can be divided into a pump group type fire extinguishing system and a bottle group type fire extinguishing system. The fire extinguishing principle is that water flow is broken into micro water mist drops (10-100 mu m) through a special water mist nozzle and high pressure, and the fire extinguishing of a protection area is realized through the high-efficiency cooling and the steam suffocation effect in the vaporization process of the micro water mist drops. Although the fine water mist is safe and clean, the production, installation and maintenance costs are high due to the characteristics of high-pressure power source, high-pressure conveying, high-pressure spraying (more than or equal to 1MPa) and the like, and the defects of extremely fine and easy blockage of the spray orifice of the fine water mist nozzle; the fire extinguishing principle leads to longer fire extinguishing time (more than or equal to 1min), and the rapid fire extinguishing and temperature reduction of a protected place cannot be realized; the water mist is sprayed for a long time (more than or equal to 3min), and water stains are easily formed after long-time spraying, so that the problems of secondary damage of a protection place, short circuit of an electric appliance and the like are caused.
To sum up, to the characteristics of multiple conflagration types and too big conflagration load in novel protection place, the fire extinguishing systems of traditional single medium can't satisfy multiple fire prevention and control demands such as quick fire extinguishing, explosion suppression, cooling simultaneously.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide an environment-friendly and efficient fire extinguishing device and method, which can realize rapid fire extinguishing, explosion suppression and cooling of a protection space and have great significance for fire prevention and control and emergency rescue in novel fire protection places such as municipal comprehensive pipe galleries, new energy storage systems, chemical production and storage places and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the utility model provides an environment-friendly efficient fire extinguishing device, includes gas cylinder, pressure manifold, liquid container, gas pipeline, liquid pipeline, two-phase flow mix the atomizer and pressure relief device, and a plurality of gas cylinder passes through liquid inlet pipeline intercommunication pressure manifold, and the pressure manifold passes through gas pipeline intercommunication two-phase flow and mixes the atomizer, and liquid container passes through liquid pipeline intercommunication two-phase flow and mixes the atomizer, and pressure relief device locates on the pipeline.
Further, the pressure reducing device is a gas cylinder pressure reducing device and is arranged on the liquid inlet pipeline, and the pump body is arranged on the liquid pipeline.
Further, the pressure reducing device is a gas cylinder pressure reducing device and a gas control pressure reducing device, a gas control pipeline is connected between the liquid container and the gas pipeline, the gas control pipeline is connected to the gas pipeline through a tee joint, the gas cylinder pressure reducing device is arranged on the gas pipeline, and the gas control pressure reducing device is arranged on the gas control pipeline.
Further, the pressure reducing device is a centralized pressure reducing device, the centralized pressure reducing device is arranged on the gas pipeline, and the liquid pipeline is provided with the pump body.
Further, the two-phase flow mixing atomization nozzle comprises a nozzle body, a splash plate, a liquid inlet and a gas inlet, wherein the splash plate is connected with the lower end of the nozzle body through a yoke arm, an annular cavity is formed in the nozzle body, a circle of liquid spray holes are uniformly distributed in the annular cavity, the liquid inlet is formed in one side of the nozzle body, the gas inlet is formed in the upper portion of the nozzle body and located right above the annular cavity, the liquid inlet and the gas inlet are communicated with the annular cavity, and the nozzle body is communicated up and down.
An environment-friendly high-efficiency fire extinguishing method utilizes the environment-friendly high-efficiency fire extinguishing device, a gas cylinder is filled with a gas fire extinguishing agent or a liquefied gas fire extinguishing agent, a liquid container is filled with a liquid fire extinguishing agent, the gas fire extinguishing agent or the liquefied gas fire extinguishing agent in the gas cylinder enters a collecting pipe to form high-flow-rate gas, the liquid fire extinguishing agent in the liquid container is low-flow-rate liquid, and the liquid is broken and atomized into fine liquid drops through mutual collision and shearing of the high-flow-rate gas and the low-flow-rate liquid;
the liquid fire extinguishing agent is firstly broken into a liquid film and large-particle liquid drops under the action of gas, and then the liquid film and the large-particle liquid drops are secondarily broken into fine liquid drops through the relative high-speed movement of the gas, so that the gas fire extinguishing agent and the liquid fire extinguishing agent are quantitatively mixed and sprayed;
the gas fire extinguishing agent is sprayed out through the gas inlet and is vertical to the spraying direction of the liquid fire extinguishing agent, a liquid film formed by the liquid fire extinguishing agent is crushed and then impacts the water splashing disc, and after the liquid film is crushed into smaller particles, atomization spraying is completed.
Further, the gas fire extinguishing agent is any one of air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide or argon, the liquefied gas fire extinguishing agent is any one of liquid nitrogen or liquid carbon dioxide, and the liquid fire extinguishing agent is any one of water, perfluorohexanone, heptafluoropropane or a water-based fire extinguishing agent.
Further, the volume ratio of the gas extinguishing agent/liquefied gas extinguishing agent in the gas cylinder to the liquid extinguishing agent in the liquid container under normal pressure is 100: 1-10000: 1.
compared with the prior art, the environment-friendly and efficient fire extinguishing device and the method have the following advantages: compared to a single medium fire extinguishing system:
(1) the liquid extinguishing agent fog drops can realize rapid cooling while the gas extinguishing agent realizes rapid spraying and extinguishing; the dual characteristics of the gas extinguishing agent and the liquid extinguishing agent can be combined, and the fire extinguishing, explosion suppression and cooling are realized through the simultaneous spraying and rapid atomization of the gas extinguishing agent and the liquid extinguishing agent;
(2) the particle size of the liquid extinguishing agent fog drops can reach 10 mu m, the gas pressure is low, the liquid extinguishing agent fog drops can be applied to places with people, water stains do not exist, byproducts are few, the oxygen concentration is high, the noise is low, and the liquid extinguishing agent fog drops are clean and environment-friendly;
(3) the liquid fog drops can lock the gas fire extinguishing agent and isolate the external air, so that fire extinguishing and long-time inhibition are realized under the non-sealing condition, and re-combustion is prevented;
(4) when the same space is protected, the using amount of a gas extinguishing agent and a liquid extinguishing agent is obviously reduced;
(5) the two-phase flow quantitative mixing atomizing nozzle is simple in structure, not easy to block and easy to maintain.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a single decompression pump-controlled two-phase flow quantitative mixing atomization fire extinguishing system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a single pressure-reducing pneumatic-control two-phase flow quantitative mixing atomization fire extinguishing system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a centralized decompression pump-controlled two-phase flow quantitative mixing atomization fire extinguishing system;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a two-phase flow mixing atomizer;
FIG. 5 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of a two-phase flow mixing atomizer;
FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a two-phase flow mixing atomizer;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between oxygen concentration and fire extinguishing concentration in example 1;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between oxygen concentration and fire extinguishing concentration in example 2;
description of reference numerals:
1-a gas cylinder; 2-a gas cylinder pressure reducing device; 3, collecting pipe; 4-gas line; 5-a liquid container; 6-a pump body; 7-liquid line; 8-two-phase flow mixing atomizing spray head; 9-a pneumatic control pressure reducing device; 10-a centralized pressure reduction device; 11-a spray head body; 12-an annular cavity; 13-a splash pan; 14-a yoke arm; 15-a liquid inlet; 16-liquid ejection orifice; 17-gas inlet; 18-a liquid inlet line; 19-pneumatic control pipeline.
Detailed Description
Unless otherwise defined, terms used herein have meanings that are conventionally understood by those skilled in the art, and some terms used herein are defined as follows in order to facilitate understanding of the present invention.
As used in the specification and in the claims, the singular form of "a", "an", and "the" include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. For example, the term "cell" includes a plurality of cells, including mixtures thereof.
All numerical designations such as pH, temperature, time, concentration, including ranges, are approximations. It is to be understood, although not always explicitly stated that all numerical designations are preceded by the term "about". It is also to be understood that, although not always explicitly recited, the reagents described herein are merely exemplary and equivalents thereof are known in the art.
The invention is explained in detail below with reference to embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-6, an environment-friendly and efficient fire extinguishing apparatus comprises gas cylinders 1, a collecting pipe 3, a liquid container 5, a gas pipeline 4, a liquid pipeline 7, a two-phase flow mixing and atomizing nozzle 8 and a pressure reducing device, wherein a plurality of gas cylinders 1 are communicated with the collecting pipe 3 through a liquid inlet pipeline 18, the collecting pipe 3 is communicated with the two-phase flow mixing and atomizing nozzle 8 through the gas pipeline 4, the liquid container 5 is communicated with the two-phase flow mixing and atomizing nozzle 8 through the liquid pipeline 7, and the pressure reducing device is arranged on the pipeline.
The control of liquid extinguishing agents is divided into two categories:
(1) one controlled by the pump body 6, as shown in fig. 1 and 3;
(2) a gas depressurized by a gas fire suppressant line pushes the liquid fire suppressant out of the container, as shown in fig. 2.
The gas pressure reduction mode can be divided into two types:
(1) centralized decompression, namely, decompression after gathering, as shown in fig. 3, decompression after gathering gas of a gas cylinder by a flow collecting pipe 3;
(2) the pressure is reduced independently, and the pressure is reduced firstly and then is collected, as shown in fig. 1, each gas cylinder 1 is provided with 1 pressure reducing device, equal pressure reducing values are set, and the gas of each gas cylinder 1 is reduced to a collecting pipe 3 to be collected and then is conveyed in a centralized mode.
Wherein, the pressure reducing device can be an orifice plate, a pressure reducing valve or the like.
The pressure relief device can be implemented in three ways, the first, as shown in fig. 1: the pressure reducing device is a gas cylinder pressure reducing device 2 and is arranged on the liquid inlet pipeline 18, and the pump body 6 is arranged on the liquid pipeline 5.
Second, as shown in fig. 2: the pressure reducing device comprises a gas cylinder pressure reducing device 2 and a gas control pressure reducing device 9, a gas control pipeline 19 is connected between the liquid container 7 and the gas pipeline 4, the gas control pipeline 19 is connected into the gas pipeline 4 through a tee joint, the gas cylinder pressure reducing device 2 is arranged on the gas pipeline 4, and the gas control pressure reducing device 9 is arranged on the gas control pipeline 19.
Third, as shown in fig. 3: the pressure reducing device is a centralized pressure reducing device 10, the centralized pressure reducing device 10 is arranged on the gas pipeline 4, and the pump body 6 is arranged on the liquid pipeline 5.
As shown in fig. 4-6, the two-phase flow mixing atomizer 8 includes a sprinkler body 11, a splash plate 13, a liquid inlet 15 and a gas inlet 17, the splash plate 13 is connected to the lower end of the sprinkler body 11 through a yoke 14, an annular cavity 12 is disposed inside the sprinkler body 11, a circle of liquid spray holes 16 are uniformly distributed on the annular cavity 12, the liquid inlet 15 is disposed on one side of the sprinkler body 11, the gas inlet 17 is disposed at the upper portion of the sprinkler body 11 and located right above the annular cavity 12, the liquid inlet 15 and the gas inlet 17 are communicated with the annular cavity 12, and the sprinkler body 11 is communicated with each other up and down.
Atomization principle: the liquid is sprayed out after passing through the liquid inlet, the annular cavity and the liquid spray holes, and the annular cavity 12 can ensure that the liquid is uniformly distributed on the liquid spray holes; the gas is sprayed out after passing through the gas inlet, the direction of the gas is vertical to the spraying direction of the liquid, a liquid film formed by the liquid is crushed and then impacts the splash plate 13, and after the liquid film is crushed into smaller particles, the atomization spraying is completed.
An environment-friendly high-efficiency fire extinguishing method is characterized in that a gas extinguishing agent or a liquefied gas extinguishing agent is contained in a gas cylinder 1, a liquid extinguishing agent is contained in a liquid container 5, the gas extinguishing agent or the liquefied gas extinguishing agent in the gas cylinder 1 enters a collecting pipe 3 to form high-flow-rate gas, the liquid extinguishing agent in the liquid container 5 is low-flow-rate liquid, and the liquid is broken and atomized into fine liquid drops through mutual collision and shearing of the high-flow-rate gas and the low-flow-rate liquid;
the liquid fire extinguishing agent is firstly broken into a liquid film and large-particle liquid drops under the action of gas, and then the liquid film and the large-particle liquid drops are secondarily broken into fine liquid drops through the relative high-speed movement of the gas, so that the gas fire extinguishing agent and the liquid fire extinguishing agent are quantitatively mixed and sprayed;
the gas fire extinguishing agent is sprayed out through the gas inlet and is vertical to the spraying direction of the liquid fire extinguishing agent, a liquid film formed by the liquid fire extinguishing agent is crushed and then impacts the splash plate 13, and after the liquid film is crushed into smaller particles, atomization spraying is completed.
The fire extinguishing principle is that gas and liquid extinguishing agents are sprayed simultaneously, and due to the rapid spraying of the gas extinguishing agents, on one hand, the oxygen concentration of a protected space can be reduced, the fire extinguishing efficiency of the gas extinguishing agents is exerted, fire is weakened, on the other hand, the rapid atomization (10-100 microns) and rapid distribution of the liquid extinguishing agents can be realized, the fire extinguishing efficiency of the liquid extinguishing agents is exerted to the maximum extent, the fire extinguishing efficiency of the liquid extinguishing agents is improved, and the using amount of the liquid extinguishing agents is reduced.
Under the condition of different oxygen concentrations or different gas concentrations of the gas extinguishing agent, the extinguishing concentration of different liquid extinguishing agents changes, and if the oxygen concentration is reduced, the extinguishing concentration of the liquid extinguishing agent is also reduced.
The mixed spraying can realize the rapid atomization (10-100 μm) of the liquid fire extinguishing agent, and the gas and the liquid are in the nozzle, because the speed direction is vertical and the relative speed difference is large, the fine water column is broken into tiny liquid by the high-speed gas, and the particle size of the fog drops can reach 10 μm. After the liquid fire extinguishing agent is broken into liquid drops, the surface area is greatly increased, the heat absorption and gasification speed is increased, and obvious cooling and gas fire extinguishing effects are realized.
The gas-liquid mixing and spraying speed is high, and the atomized micro liquid of the liquid extinguishing agent can realize the quick total flooding distribution of the protected space along with the high-speed airflow, so that the total flooding fire extinguishing of the closed space is realized.
The mixed spraying can realize the quick distribution of the mixed fire extinguishing agent, the small liquid after the atomization of the liquid fire extinguishing agent can realize the quick full-flooding distribution of the protection space along with the high-speed airflow formed by the gas fire extinguishing agent, the fire extinguishing efficiency of the liquid fire extinguishing agent is exerted to the maximum extent, the fire extinguishing efficiency of the liquid fire extinguishing agent is improved, the using amount of the liquid fire extinguishing agent is reduced, and the full-flooding fire extinguishing is realized.
The gas fire extinguishing agent is any one of air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide or argon, the liquefied gas fire extinguishing agent is any one of liquid nitrogen or liquid carbon dioxide, and the liquid fire extinguishing agent is any one of water, perfluorohexanone, heptafluoropropane or a water-based fire extinguishing agent.
The volume ratio of the gas extinguishing agent/liquefied gas extinguishing agent in the gas cylinder 1 to the liquid extinguishing agent in the liquid container 5 under normal pressure is 100: 1-10000: 1.
the fire extinguishing agent can be applied to local application fire extinguishing in an open space or total flooding fire extinguishing in a semi-open space, and has the principle that tiny liquid drops sprayed by the liquid fire extinguishing agent are suspended in the air, so that on one hand, oxygen in external air can be isolated from entering a protection space, and suffocation fire extinguishing is realized; on the other hand, the dissipation of the gas extinguishing agent can be locked in the open space, so that the oxygen concentration in the protected space is continuously and rapidly reduced, and the fire is extinguished.
The dual medium of the liquid extinguishing agent and the gas extinguishing agent is adopted for extinguishing fire, compared with the gas extinguishing, the oxygen concentration is lower than 16 percent, the oxygen concentration during fire extinguishing is 18 to 20 percent, and the basic requirement of human breathing can be met; compared with a single liquid extinguishing agent, the fire extinguishing agent required by mixed spraying is greatly reduced, the fire extinguishing agent does not exceed 30% of that of single-medium liquid, the cost is reduced, and byproducts are greatly reduced.
In the spraying process, the gas fire extinguishing agent and the liquid fire extinguishing agent both adopt a constant-pressure flow control mode, and the gas pressure and the liquid pressure in front of the nozzle are kept unchanged.
Under different oxygen concentrations or different gas concentrations of the liquid extinguishing agent, the extinguishing concentration of different liquid extinguishing agents can be greatly changed, for example, when the oxygen concentration is 18.5%, the extinguishing concentration of the perfluorohexanone is not more than 1%. When the oxygen concentration is 18%, the fire extinguishing concentration of heptafluoropropane is not more than 3.8%, on one hand, the fire extinguishing capability of the fire extinguishing agent can be greatly improved under the condition of keeping higher oxygen concentration, the using amount of the fire extinguishing agent is greatly reduced, the cost is reduced, and byproducts such as HF and the like are greatly reduced.
Take the single decompression pneumatic control two-phase flow quantitative mixing atomization fire extinguishing system of figure 2 as an example.
The fire extinguishing space is 100m 3 And the size is 5m × 5m × 4m (length × width × height).
Depending on the choice of gaseous and liquid extinguishing agents, 3 examples were chosen:
example 1
Perfluorohexanone and nitrogen were chosen.
The boiling point of the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent is 49 ℃, and the two-phase flow quantitative mixing atomization fire extinguishing system can better realize the atomization of the high-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent and realize the rapid and uniform distribution of the fire extinguishing agent in the space.
According to the data in ISO 14520:5, the extinguishing concentration of perfluorohexanone extinguishing agent in air is 4.5%, but it decreases greatly with decreasing oxygen concentration, and when the oxygen concentration decreases to 18.5%, the extinguishing concentration decreases to 1% (as shown in FIG. 7).
Therefore, based on the concentration, a mixed atomization fire extinguishing system is designed, and tests are respectively carried out according to the test methods of a 6.20 concentration distribution test in GB 25972-. Compared with a single-medium fire extinguishing agent, the mixed fire extinguishing agent has the advantages that the consumption of the perfluorohexanone is reduced to less than 1/4, the consumption of the nitrogen is reduced to less than 1/2, the effect that 1+1 is greater than 2 is achieved far away, and the fire extinguishing capability of the perfluorohexanone is greatly improved.
Example 2
Heptafluoropropane and nitrogen were selected.
According to the data in ISO 14520:9, the concentration of heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing agent in air is 6.6%, but the concentration of fire extinguishing agent is greatly reduced as the concentration of oxygen is reduced, and when the concentration of oxygen is reduced to 18%, the concentration of fire extinguishing agent is reduced to 3.8% (as shown in FIG. 8).
Therefore, based on the concentration, a mixed atomization fire extinguishing system is designed, and tests are respectively carried out according to the test methods of a 6.20 concentration distribution test in GB 25972-. Compared with a single-medium fire extinguishing agent, the consumption of heptafluoropropane in the mixed fire extinguishing agent is reduced to less than 1/2, the consumption of nitrogen is reduced to less than 1/2, and the fire extinguishing capability of heptafluoropropane is obviously improved.
Example 3
Water and nitrogen were selected.
Gas fire extinguishing agent: nitrogen, 7.5MPa, 2 bottles × 90L.
Liquid fire extinguishing agent: perfluorohexanone or water, 10L.
Protecting the space: 100m3, size 5m × 5m × 4m (length × width × height).
When the protection space is on fire, starting a fire extinguishing system, wherein the spraying time is more than or equal to 1min, the fire extinguishing time is less than 30s, and the temperature of the ignition point is lower than 100 ℃ after the spraying is finished.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an environmental protection high efficiency extinguishing device which characterized in that: the device comprises gas cylinders (1), collecting pipes (3), liquid containers (5), gas pipelines (4), liquid pipelines (7), two-phase flow mixed atomizing spray heads (8) and a pressure reducing device, wherein the gas cylinders (1) are communicated with the collecting pipes (3) through liquid inlet pipelines (18), the collecting pipes (3) are communicated with the two-phase flow mixed atomizing spray heads (8) through the gas pipelines (4), the liquid containers (5) are communicated with the two-phase flow mixed atomizing spray heads (8) through the liquid pipelines (7), and the pressure reducing device is arranged on the pipelines;
the two-phase flow mixing atomization nozzle (8) comprises a nozzle body (11), a splash plate (13), a liquid inlet (15) and a gas inlet (17), wherein the splash plate (13) is connected with the lower end of the nozzle body (11) through a yoke arm (14), an annular cavity (12) is arranged inside the nozzle body (11), a circle of liquid spray holes (16) are uniformly distributed in the annular cavity (12), the liquid inlet (15) is arranged on one side of the nozzle body (11), the gas inlet (17) is arranged at the upper part of the nozzle body (11) and is positioned right above the annular cavity (12), the liquid inlet (15) and the gas inlet (17) are communicated with the annular cavity (12), and the nozzle body (11) is communicated up and down;
the volume ratio of the gas extinguishing agent/liquefied gas extinguishing agent in the gas cylinder (1) to the liquid extinguishing agent in the liquid container (5) under normal pressure is 100: 1-10000: 1.
2. the environmentally friendly and efficient fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the pressure reducing device is a gas cylinder pressure reducing device (2) and is arranged on the liquid inlet pipeline (18), and the liquid pipeline (5) is provided with a pump body (6).
3. The environmentally friendly and efficient fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the gas cylinder pressure reducing device is characterized in that the pressure reducing device is a gas cylinder pressure reducing device (2) and a pneumatic control pressure reducing device (9), a pneumatic control pipeline (19) is connected between the liquid container (7) and the gas pipeline (4), the pneumatic control pipeline (19) is connected into the gas pipeline (4) through a tee joint, the gas cylinder pressure reducing device (2) is arranged on the gas pipeline (4), and the pneumatic control pressure reducing device (9) is arranged on the pneumatic control pipeline (19).
4. The environmentally friendly and efficient fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the pressure reducing device is a centralized pressure reducing device (10), the centralized pressure reducing device (10) is arranged on the gas pipeline (4), and the liquid pipeline (5) is provided with a pump body (6).
5. An environment-friendly high-efficiency fire extinguishing method is characterized in that by using the environment-friendly high-efficiency fire extinguishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, a gas extinguishing agent or a liquefied gas extinguishing agent is contained in a gas cylinder (1), a liquid extinguishing agent is contained in a liquid container (5), the gas extinguishing agent or the liquefied gas extinguishing agent in the gas cylinder (1) enters a collecting pipe (3) to form high-flow-rate gas, the liquid extinguishing agent in the liquid container (5) is low-flow-rate liquid, and the liquid is broken and atomized into fine liquid drops through mutual collision and shearing of the high-flow-rate gas and the low-flow-rate liquid;
the liquid fire extinguishing agent is firstly broken into a liquid film and large-particle liquid drops under the action of gas, and then the liquid film and the large-particle liquid drops are secondarily broken into fine liquid drops through the relative high-speed movement of the gas, so that the gas fire extinguishing agent and the liquid fire extinguishing agent are quantitatively mixed and sprayed;
the gas fire extinguishing agent is sprayed out through the gas inlet and is vertical to the spraying direction of the liquid fire extinguishing agent, a liquid film formed by the liquid fire extinguishing agent is crushed and then impacts the water splashing disc (13), and after the liquid film is crushed into smaller particles, atomization spraying is completed.
6. The environment-friendly and efficient fire extinguishing method according to claim 5, wherein: the gas fire extinguishing agent is any one of air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide or argon, the liquefied gas fire extinguishing agent is any one of liquid nitrogen or liquid carbon dioxide, and the liquid fire extinguishing agent is any one of water, perfluorohexanone, heptafluoropropane or a water-based fire extinguishing agent.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011521471.9A CN112807590B (en) | 2020-12-21 | 2020-12-21 | Environment-friendly efficient fire extinguishing device and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011521471.9A CN112807590B (en) | 2020-12-21 | 2020-12-21 | Environment-friendly efficient fire extinguishing device and method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112807590A CN112807590A (en) | 2021-05-18 |
| CN112807590B true CN112807590B (en) | 2022-09-16 |
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| GB2375047B (en) * | 2001-03-29 | 2004-11-10 | Kidde Plc | Fire and explosion suppression |
| CN201939920U (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2011-08-24 | 北京航空航天大学 | Water mist fire extinguisher with preheated water |
| CN204469059U (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-07-15 | 天津市时代消防设备有限公司 | A kind of Novel fire-extinguishing device for kitchen equipment |
| CN209221399U (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2019-08-09 | 山东天康达安防科技有限公司 | A kind of novel perfluoro hexanone combination distribution automatic control type fire extinguishing system |
| CN109499027A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-03-22 | 山东天康达安防科技有限公司 | A kind of perfluor hexanone battery compartment fire extinguishing system |
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