CN112801807A - Squid fishing ground fishing intensity spatial information extraction method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a squid fishing farm catching strength spatial information extraction method, which comprises the following steps: acquiring the ship position track data of all squid fishing boats in a squid fishing farm based on the AIS data; adopting two factor data of speed and brightness, and mining the operation states of all squid fishing boats according to the obtained boat position track data of the squid fishing boats; calculating the fishing effort force of the squid fishing boat according to the operation states of all squid fishing boats. The method can be used for mining the fishing intensity information of the squid fishing ground.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fishery resource management, in particular to a squid fishing ground fishing intensity spatial information extraction method.
Background
Argentina aquatics, also called Argentina squids, are species in the oceanic shallow sea, are mainly distributed on continental stands and slopes in the southwest Atlantic ocean, are important cephalopod resources, are also important fishing objects in the fishery of Chinese squid fishing, and play an important role in marine ecosystems. Argentina squid is an annual marine organism, reasonable fishing and utilization of Argentina squid resources can provide food and protein for human beings, but excessive fishing can cause food chain fracture and destroy ecology. The problem of the current Argentina squid resource management is that the traditional fishery resource assessment adopts commercial fishing data. Commercial fishing data is time delayed and inaccurate, and has low spatial and temporal resolution. Commercial fishing data can provide scientific decision evaluation for medium-and-long-term fishery resource management, but for annual marine organisms, only medium-and-long-term fishery resource management is insufficient. Short-term fishing and environmental changes have a significant impact on the resource level and change. Short-term fishing information is also needed to provide support for fishery resource management and protection.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a squid fishing ground fishing intensity spatial information extraction method which can be used for mining the fishing intensity information of the squid fishing ground.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the method for extracting the spatial information of the fishing intensity of the squid fishing farm comprises the following steps:
(1) acquiring the ship position track data of all squid fishing boats in a squid fishing farm based on the AIS data;
(2) adopting two factor data of speed and brightness, and mining the operation states of all squid fishing boats according to the obtained boat position track data of the squid fishing boats;
(3) calculating the fishing effort force of the squid fishing boat according to the operation states of all squid fishing boats.
The step (1) is specifically as follows: and selecting track information of all squid fishing boats according to the AIS data and the collected squid fishing boat MMSI, and obtaining the boat position track data of all squid fishing boats in the fishing ground.
The method is characterized in that a step of preprocessing the ship position track data is further included between the step (1) and the step (2), and the method specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, removing ship position track data of a squid fishing boat with insufficient data quantity; secondly, eliminating abnormal speed values, sorting the data according to time, and eliminating repeated track point data; and finally, calculating the light brightness data of each track point.
The step (2) is specifically as follows: analyzing the speed statistical chart of the squid fishing boat, determining the speed threshold values of the fishing state and the non-fishing state, distinguishing the daytime and the night by using the luminance brightness value of 0, and passing through
Obtaining the operating state of the squid fishing boat, wherein Bo0 is brightness, Bo 0-0 represents the night, V represents the speed of the squid fishing boat, and V represents the operating state of the squid fishing boat1And V2The speed threshold value of the squid fishing boat in the fishing state is represented by the upper limit and the lower limit, the squid fishing boat is represented by P1 and is in the fishing state, and the squid fishing boat is represented by P0 and is in the non-fishing state.
The step (3) is specifically as follows: draw squid and angle each track point of fishing boat under the state of non-fishing, calculate the time difference between two adjacent track points of squid and angle fishing boat, regard this time difference as the duration of previous track point, then the squid angles the time sum that fishing boat looked for the shoal of fish
Wherein, UTkUpdating time of the kth track point in the extracted squid fishing boat track point sequence, wherein n is the number of the track points; calculating the accumulated fishing effort E of the unit time unit grid of the squid fishing boat in the fishing statelon,lat＝∑Tlon,latWherein, Tlon,latAnd accumulating the time of the squid fishing boat at the track points in the grid, wherein lon represents the grid coordinate longitude after rasterization, and lat represents the grid coordinate latitude after rasterization.
Advantageous effects
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects: the squid fishing boat operation state is identified through the AIS data, the fishing intensity information of the squid fishing ground is mined, support can be provided for the fishing boat management of a fishery management department, and real-time and high-resolution information is provided for fishery resource management and fishery situation forecast.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram of the operation track of a single squid fishing boat in the embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a graph of speed distribution statistics and heading distribution statistics in an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing two fishing efforts of the squid fishing boat in mainland China in the example;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing two fishing efforts of the fishing vessel in other countries in the example;
FIG. 6 is a graph of two fishing efforts for the total fishing vessel in the example;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the fishing effort of the whole fishing boat in the example in 1-3 months;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the fishing effort of the whole fishing boat in the example of 4-5 months.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
The embodiment of the invention relates to a squid fishing ground fishing intensity spatial information extraction method, as shown in figure 1, comprising the following steps: acquiring the ship position track data of all squid fishing boats in the fishing ground based on the AIS data; adopting two factor data of speed and brightness, and mining the operation states of all squid fishing boats according to the obtained squid fishing boat position track data; calculating the fishing effort force of the squid fishing boat according to the operation states of all squid fishing boats.
The invention is further explained below by taking AIS data of 173 squid fishing boats which are active in the western atlantic area from 2018 month 1 to 2018 month 5 as an example.
Ship position track data and preprocessing
1.1 Ship position track data
The AIS data is from the exact view satellite constellation, from 2018, month 1 to 2018, month 5. Each ship position data contains information such as ship number MMSI, time, longitude, latitude, course, speed and the like. The MMSI information of the squid Fishing boat comes from the MMSI number of the squid Fishing boat marked in the 'Global Fishing Watch' and the collected squid Fishing information in China. 273 squid fishing boat MMSI numbers are picked out according to AIS data and collected squid fishing information in China. And (4) selecting track information of all squid fishing boats according to the MMSI number, and extracting 173 squid fishing boats moving in the southwest Atlantic region. Among the 173 fishing boats, 137 fishing boats in China, 23 fishing boats in Korea, 9 fishing boats in Argentina, 1 fishing boat in Vanuatu, and 3 fishing boats in other countries, the 137 fishing boats in China include 112 fishing boats in mainland and 25 fishing boats in Taiwan in China.
1.2 data processing method
And (5) processing the track information of the selected 173 fishing boats one by one according to MMSI (multimedia messaging service) numbers. Fig. 2 shows a characteristic diagram of the operation track of a single squid fishing boat. Firstly, ship position track data of the fishing boat with too small data volume are removed. Then, the abnormal speed value is eliminated, and the data with the speed of 0-15 is reserved. And sorting the data according to time, and removing repeated track point data. And finally, calculating the light brightness data of each track point. The calculation of the lightness was done using the calcosol function in the solaR package.
The squid fishing operation takes place at night, and low-speed driving is in the state of floating or parking rest in daytime, and track points smaller than 2.0 knots in daytime are removed. The study area was selected as (66 ℃ W-55 ℃ W, 55 ℃ S-38 ℃ S). Four ports in the area of study were maderata port (57 ° 32 'W, 38 ° 03' S), stevens port (60.50 'W, 52.05' S), argentina port (59 ° 31 'W, 51 ° 37' S) and hawkward port (57 ° 51 'W, 51 ° 42' S), respectively. Because the fishing boat can be parked and laid down at the port, no fishing activity is available. In order to eliminate the influence of AIS information sent when a fishing boat is parked on research, data in a 0.2-degree radius range of a port are removed. The data remained after the culling had 3394088 pieces of data in total.
(II) fishing boat operation state identification
The squid angles fishing boat operation and mainly divide into daytime high-speed navigation and seeks potential fishery and carry out light night and trap two stages of squid, angles the action of fishing boat fishing squid according to the squid, and the squid is fished and is taken place evening, and the fishing boat berths during the operation. Speed and light brightness are two important characteristics for identifying the operating state of the fishing boat. The working state of the squid fishing boat is mined by adopting two factors of speed and brightness. By analyzing a speed statistical chart (see figure 3) of the squid fishing boat, speed thresholds of a fishing state and a non-fishing state are determined, the day and the night are distinguished by a luminance brightness value of 0, and the day is when the luminance brightness is greater than 0, and the night is when the luminance brightness is equal to 0.
And determining the fishing state according to the speed threshold and the brightness factor. The catching state is marked as 1, and the non-catching state is marked as 0. The formula is as follows:
where Bo0 is the brightness of light, V represents the speed of the fishing boat, V1And V2Representing the upper and lower bounds of the speed threshold for the fishing vessel in the fishing state.
(III) fishing Strength calculation
In order to distinguish and know the fishing operation intensity of the squid fishing boat and the spatial distribution of the fishing efforts invested for fishing, two fishing efforts are defined in the embodiment. The fishing effort force of the 1 st type is defined as the sum of the time of putting into fishing by the squid fishing boat at night and the time of transferring to a fishing ground to search fish groups in the daytime, namely all the effort force put into fishing. The fishing effort of the 2 nd type defines the time of the squid fishing boat for fishing at night, namely the effort force put into the squid fishing boat in the fishing operation state.
And extracting each track point of the fishing boat in a non-fishing state according to the defined two fishing amounts. According to the extracted track points, calculating the time difference between two adjacent track points of the fishing boat as the duration of the previous track point, and summing the time differences to obtain the time sum of finding fish schools in the transfer fishing ground, wherein the formula is
In the formula, UTkAnd (3) updating the k-th track point in the extracted sequence of the track points of the fishing boat, wherein n is the number of the track points. Because the track points of the fishing boat running at low speed in the daytime are deleted during data preprocessing, part of the track points with larger time difference are deleted.
And then calculating the accumulated fishing effort force of the unit time unit grid of the fishing boat in the fishing state, namely the fishing time of the squid fishing boat at night, wherein the formula is as follows:
Elon,lat＝∑Tlon,lat (3)
in the formula, Tlon,latAnd (3) accumulating time of the track point fishing boat in the grid, wherein lon represents grid coordinate longitude after rasterization, and lat represents grid coordinate latitude after rasterization.
The method is adopted to extract 173 Argentina squid fishing industries, 3394088 data are obtained, and 2018 year 1-5 month two catching strength space diagrams of a Chinese mainland fishing boat, fishing boats in other country regions and all fishing boats are respectively calculated, excavated and drawn (see figures 4-8). And simultaneously drawing a monthly fishing Nu force distribution diagram in three different speed intervals (0-2 (night), 0-15 and 8-14) of Chinese mainland fishing boats, fishing boats in other country regions and all fishing boats in 2018 from 1 month to 5 months.
As can be easily found, the invention identifies the operation state of the fishing boat through the AIS data, excavates the fishing intensity information of the fishing ground, can provide support for the fishing boat management of the fishery management department, and provides real-time and high-resolution information for fishery resource management and fishery forecast.
Claims (6)
1. A squid fishing field fishing intensity spatial information extraction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) acquiring the ship position track data of all squid fishing boats in a squid fishing farm based on the AIS data;
(2) adopting two factor data of speed and brightness, and mining the operation states of all squid fishing boats according to the obtained boat position track data of the squid fishing boats;
(3) calculating the fishing effort force of the squid fishing boat according to the operation states of all squid fishing boats.
2. The squid fishing ground catching strength spatial information extraction method according to claim 1, wherein the step (1) is specifically: and selecting track information of all squid fishing boats according to the AIS data and the collected squid fishing boat MMSI, and obtaining the boat position track data of all squid fishing boats in the fishing ground.
3. The squid fishing fishery catching strength spatial information extraction method according to claim 1, wherein a step of preprocessing ship position trajectory data is further included between the step (1) and the step (2), and specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, removing ship position track data of a squid fishing boat with insufficient data quantity; secondly, eliminating abnormal speed values, sorting the data according to time, and eliminating repeated track point data; and finally, calculating the light brightness data of each track point.
4. The squid fishing fishery catching strength spatial information extraction method according to claim 3, further comprising rejecting track point data of a squid fishing boat less than 2 knots in the daytime and track point data of a fishing boat located within a 0.2 ° radius range of a port.
5. The squid fishing ground catching strength spatial information extraction method according to claim 1, wherein the step (2) is specifically: analyzing the speed statistical chart of the squid fishing boat, determining the speed threshold values of the fishing state and the non-fishing state, distinguishing the daytime and the night by using the luminance brightness value of 0, and passing through
Obtaining the operating state of the squid fishing boat, wherein Bo0 is brightness, Bo 0-0 represents the night, V represents the speed of the squid fishing boat, and V represents the operating state of the squid fishing boat1And V2The speed threshold value of the squid fishing boat in the fishing state is represented by the upper limit and the lower limit, the squid fishing boat is represented by P1 and is in the fishing state, and the squid fishing boat is represented by P0 and is in the non-fishing state.
6. The squid fishing ground catching strength spatial information extraction method according to claim 1, wherein the step (3) is specifically: draw squid and angle each track point of fishing boat under the state of non-fishing, calculate the time difference between two adjacent track points of squid and angle fishing boat, regard this time difference as the duration of previous track point, then the squid angles the time sum that fishing boat looked for the shoal of fish
Wherein, UTkUpdating time of the kth track point in the extracted squid fishing boat track point sequence, wherein n is the number of the track points; calculating the accumulated fishing effort E of the unit time unit grid of the squid fishing boat in the fishing statelon,lat＝∑Tlon,latWherein, Tlon,latAnd accumulating the time of the squid fishing boat at the track points in the grid, wherein lon represents the grid coordinate longitude after rasterization, and lat represents the grid coordinate latitude after rasterization.
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Application publication date: 20210514 |