CN112798789A - Method for early diagnosis of AKI (alkyl ketene dimer) of severe patient - Google Patents
Method for early diagnosis of AKI (alkyl ketene dimer) of severe patient Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/68—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids
- G01N33/6893—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids related to diseases not provided for elsewhere
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/58—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving labelled substances
- G01N33/581—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving labelled substances with enzyme label (including co-enzymes, co-factors, enzyme inhibitors or substrates)
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- G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
- G16H50/00—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2800/00—Detection or diagnosis of diseases
- G01N2800/28—Neurological disorders
- G01N2800/2871—Cerebrovascular disorders, e.g. stroke, cerebral infarct, cerebral haemorrhage, transient ischemic event
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2800/00—Detection or diagnosis of diseases
- G01N2800/34—Genitourinary disorders
- G01N2800/347—Renal failures; Glomerular diseases; Tubulointerstitial diseases, e.g. nephritic syndrome, glomerulonephritis; Renovascular diseases, e.g. renal artery occlusion, nephropathy
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of medical diagnosis, and discloses a method for early diagnosis of AKI of a critically ill patient, which comprises the following steps: collecting blood of a patient on the first day after the group is put into the device, performing venipuncture, drawing the blood, collecting the blood into a heparinized test tube, putting the collected sample for 25-35min into a centrifuge at 2-8 ℃ and 1000 rpm for 10-20min, taking supernatant, subpackaging and storing in a refrigerator at-80 ℃. The invention finds out the urine marker capable of diagnosing acute kidney injury of cerebrovascular severe patients at early stage by analyzing the concentration curve of the urine marker to the change according to time, analyzes the relation between the markers and the acute kidney injury by multi-factor regression, calculates the reference value of [ TIMP-2 ]. IGFBP-7] for diagnosing acute kidney injury (including different degrees), compares the change of [ TIMP-2 ]. IGFBP-7] in the time concentration curve of cerebrovascular severe AKI and cerebrovascular severe AKI-free patients, can detect the test paper of [ TIMP-2 ]. IGFBP-7] and the kit with high specificity rapidly and sensitively, and can detect the [ TIMP-2 ]. IGFBP-7] rapidly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical diagnosis, in particular to a method for early diagnosis of AKI of a critically ill patient.
Background
The incidence of severe stroke is increased year by year in China, and is also the most common neurological disease, and the sequela of the severe stroke is very serious, including acute kidney injury, chronic renal insufficiency and the like. Stroke-related acute kidney injury has been reported many times in the past with an incidence rate of up to 30.18%. The proportion of people who maintain end-stage renal disease of hemodialysis treatment is also increased, and the incidence of long-term adverse events of patients after acute renal injury and long-term hospitalization are in obvious positive correlation, including serum creatinine change, the risk of chronic renal disease is increased, and the patients finally develop the need of renal replacement treatment.
Renal-brain interaction also plays an important role in stroke-related acute kidney injury. Changes in renal blood flow, neural interactions, by increasing renal sympathetic nervous system activity, thereby altering renal blood flow and glomerular filtration, and by altering vasopressin release, resulting in changes in sodium and water balance, thereby directly affecting the kidney. In addition, acute brain injury is also one of the causes of brain salt depletion, and severe brain injury leads to brain death, hemodynamic instability, hormonal disorders, and enhanced immune responses, triggering an inflammatory cascade of multiple organs including the kidney. Renal ischemic injury also aggravates brain injury in stroke patients, but due to the lack of early markers, diagnosis of AKI is often delayed, and therefore, biomarkers with early predictive value are of great importance. The existing serum markers such as creatinine and the like are often delayed to increase and cannot timely reflect the kidney injury condition, so that the biomarker with early prediction value has very important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for early diagnosis of AKI of a critically ill patient, and solves the problems that the existing serum markers such as creatinine and the like are always delayed to increase and cannot timely reflect the kidney injury condition.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for early diagnosis of AKI in a critically ill patient, comprising the steps of:
s1: the first day after enrollment, blood was collected from the patient, and after venipuncture, blood was drawn and collected into heparinized tubes.
S2: centrifuging the collected specimen at 2-8 deg.C 1000 rpm for 10-20min for 25-35min, collecting supernatant, packaging, and storing in-80 deg.C refrigerator.
S3: collecting the midstream urine of the patient on the first day after the group is put into the refrigerator, centrifuging at 100 r/min, subpackaging and storing at-80 ℃.
S4: and (3) quantitatively measuring the content of the marker in the plasma and the urine by using a double-antibody sandwich ELISA method within 25-35 days after the collection of the sample.
S5: and coating each marker antibody in a 96-hole microporous plate to prepare a solid phase carrier, wherein the solid phase carrier is respectively provided with a standard hole, a sample hole to be detected and a blank hole.
S6: and (3) setting 7 holes of a standard hole, sequentially adding 100ul of standard substances with different concentrations, adding 100ul of standard substance diluent into a blank hole, and adding 100ul of sample to be detected to prepare each marker into a solid phase carrier.
S7: respectively adding 100ul of samples to be detected into micropores of the samples to be detected, wherein the marker protein is combined with the antibody connected to the solid phase carrier, then adding the biotinylated specific antibody, and adding the HRP-labeled avidin after washing the unbound biotinylated antibody.
S8: and adding a TMB substrate to develop color after thorough washing again, wherein the TMB is converted into blue under the catalysis of peroxidase and is converted into final yellow under the action of acid, and the shade of the color is in positive correlation with the concentration of the marker protein in the sample.
S9: the absorbance (0.D. value) was measured at a wavelength of 450nm with a microplate reader, and the sample concentration was calculated.
S10: and (3) plotting the average value of the multiple wells of each standard product and the value of 0.D. of the sample minus the value of O.D. of the blank well (a seven-point diagram), taking the concentration container of the standard product as a longitudinal coordinate (or a logarithmic coordinate), taking the value of 0.D. as a horizontal coordinate (or a compressed coordinate), detecting a standard curve (software name), finding out the corresponding concentration by a standard function line, calculating a regression equation of the standard curve by leading the value of 0.D. of the standard product to the value of 0.D. of the standard product, substituting the value of 0.D. of the sample into the equation, and calculating the concentration of the sample, namely the actual concentration of.
Preferably, said age is greater than 18 years and less than 80 years, patients with any one of the following being excluded: the time between stroke diagnosis and icu hospitalization was greater than 7 days, maintenance of dialysis or history of kidney transplantation, pregnancy, prior history of chronic kidney disease, and the incorporation of renal trauma.
Preferably, the clinical data for each patient is collected from an electronic patient record database, including recording the following clinical variables during the ICU stay: age, sex, type of stroke (IS or ICH) stroke affected craniocerebral injury site, blood pressure at admission to ICU (systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure), post-admission surgical conditions (mode of operation, intraoperative blood loss, time of operation), time and mode of mechanical ventilation, complications (complications of infection, organ failure), and functional assessment of other relevant organs.
Preferably, the past medical history of each patient includes stroke, hypertension, diabetes, CKD and CAD, any nephrotoxic drug (mannitol, a diuretic of the ring type or vancomycin) has been used, and the use of the AKI pro-vasoactive drug is scored as stroke score (NIHSS), Grossmark Coma Score (GCS), acute physiological and chronic health assessment (APACHEII).
Preferably, the primary outcome is the correlation between TIMP2 IGFBP7, KIM-1, cystatin C and incidence of AKI 7 days after admission of stroke patients, and the secondary outcome is the ability to assess biomarkers and clinical parameters.
Preferably, the prognostic factors include whether blood purification is to be performed, mechanical ventilation time, ICU hospitalization time, 28-day, 90-day and one-year mortality, biomarkers and clinical characteristics of the patient, and patient clinical data analyzed to find that cerebrovascular disease AKI is associated with gender, lesion site, past history of stroke, wherein ventricular, pons, subarachnoid hemorrhage are more likely to occur AKI.
Preferably, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay is used for detecting cystatinC, NGAL, KIM-1, cell cycle resting stage markers TIMB2 and IGFBP-7 in urine.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a method for early diagnosis of AKI of a critically ill patient, which has the following beneficial effects:
1, the method for early diagnosis of AKI of a critically ill patient comprises the steps of finding out urine markers capable of early diagnosing acute kidney injury of a cerebrovascular critically ill patient by analyzing the concentration curves of the urine markers according to time change, calculating reference values of [ TIMP-2 ]. IGFBP-7] for early diagnosing the acute kidney injury (including different degrees) by analyzing the relationship between the markers and the acute kidney injury by multi-factor regression, comparing the change of the [ TIMP-2 ]. IGFBP-7] in the time concentration curves of the cerebrovascular critical AKI and cerebrovascular critical patient without AKI, and rapidly and sensitively detecting the test paper of [ TIMP-2 ]. IGFBP-7] and the test paper with high specificity, and rapidly detecting [ TIMP-2 ]. IGFBP-7], so as to achieve the purpose of primarily screening the patient, and further determine the kit with high specificity for the patient with increased screening.
2. The method for early diagnosis of AKI of a severe patient predicts the occurrence of AKI at an early stage by detecting the content of [ TIMP-2 ]. IGFBP-7] of cerebrovascular disease patients, reduces 7.1% of cerebrovascular disease patients needing to stay in an ICU, and assists in early recognition of cerebrovascular disease patients with renal injury.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a data record diagram;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the concentration of a marker as a function of time;
fig. 3 is a graph of a plot of data records.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example (b):
a method for early diagnosis of AKI in a critically ill patient, comprising the steps of:
s1: the first day after enrollment, blood was collected from the patient, and after venipuncture, blood was drawn and collected into heparinized tubes.
S2: centrifuging the collected specimen at 2-8 deg.C 1000 rpm for 10-20min for 25-35min, collecting supernatant, packaging, and storing in-80 deg.C refrigerator.
S3: collecting the midstream urine of the patient on the first day after the group is put into the refrigerator, centrifuging at 100 r/min, subpackaging and storing at-80 ℃.
S4: and (3) quantitatively measuring the content of the marker in the plasma and the urine by using a double-antibody sandwich ELISA method within 25-35 days after the collection of the sample.
S5: and coating each marker antibody in a 96-hole microporous plate to prepare a solid phase carrier, wherein the solid phase carrier is respectively provided with a standard hole, a sample hole to be detected and a blank hole.
S6: and (3) setting 7 holes of a standard hole, sequentially adding 100ul of standard substances with different concentrations, adding 100ul of standard substance diluent into a blank hole, and adding 100ul of sample to be detected to prepare each marker into a solid phase carrier.
S7: respectively adding 100ul of samples to be detected into micropores of the samples to be detected, wherein the marker protein is combined with the antibody connected to the solid phase carrier, then adding the biotinylated specific antibody, and adding the HRP-labeled avidin after washing the unbound biotinylated antibody.
S8: and adding a TMB substrate to develop color after thorough washing again, wherein the TMB is converted into blue under the catalysis of peroxidase and is converted into final yellow under the action of acid, and the shade of the color is in positive correlation with the concentration of the marker protein in the sample.
S9: the absorbance (0.D. value) was measured at a wavelength of 450nm with a microplate reader, and the sample concentration was calculated.
S10: and (3) plotting the average value of the multiple wells of each standard product and the value of 0.D. of the sample minus the value of O.D. of the blank well (a seven-point diagram), taking the concentration container of the standard product as a longitudinal coordinate (or a logarithmic coordinate), taking the value of 0.D. as a horizontal coordinate (or a compressed coordinate), detecting a standard curve (software name), finding out the corresponding concentration by a standard function line, calculating a regression equation of the standard curve by leading the value of 0.D. of the standard product to the value of 0.D. of the standard product, substituting the value of 0.D. of the sample into the equation, and calculating the concentration of the sample, namely the actual concentration of.
Specifically, patients older than 18 years and younger than 80 years were excluded from any of the following: the time between stroke diagnosis and icu hospitalization was greater than 7 days, maintenance of dialysis or history of kidney transplantation, pregnancy, prior history of chronic kidney disease, and the incorporation of renal trauma.
Specifically, clinical data for each patient was collected from an electronic patient record database, including the following clinical variables recorded during the ICU stay: age, sex, type of stroke (IS or ICH) stroke affected craniocerebral injury site, blood pressure at admission to ICU (systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure), post-admission surgical conditions (mode of operation, intraoperative blood loss, time of operation), time and mode of mechanical ventilation, complications (complications of infection, organ failure), and functional assessment of other relevant organs.
Specifically, each patient's past medical history includes stroke, hypertension, diabetes, CKD and CAD, any nephrotoxic drug (mannitol, a diuretic of the ring type or vancomycin) has been used, and the use of a pro-AKI vasoactive drug is scored as stroke score (NIHSS), Glasgow Coma Score (GCS), acute physiological and chronic health assessment (APACHEII).
Specifically, the primary outcome was the correlation between TIMP2 and IGFBP7, KIM-1, cystatin C and incidence of AKI 7 days after admission to stroke patients, and the secondary outcome was the ability to assess biomarkers and clinical parameters.
Specifically, the prognostic factors include whether blood purification is required, mechanical ventilation time, ICU hospitalization time, 28-day, 90-day and one-year mortality, biomarker assessment and patient clinical characteristics, and analysis of patient clinical data to find that cerebrovascular disease AKI is related to gender, lesion site and past history of stroke, wherein ventricular, pons and subarachnoid hemorrhage are more likely to generate AKI.
Specifically, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay is used for detecting cystatinC, NGAL, KIM-1, cell cycle resting stage markers TIMB2 and IGFBP-7 in urine.
Typical cases are as follows: the technology is popularized in Hubei province, the number of ICU hospitalization days is reduced, the number of CRRT use times is effectively reduced, six million yuan CRRT cost is saved, the hospitalization time of patients is averagely shortened by 3.1 days, and the survival quality of about 27.4% of patients is improved.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A method for early diagnosis of AKI in critically ill patients, comprising the steps of:
s1: collecting blood of a patient on the first day after group entry, and after venipuncture, drawing the blood and collecting the blood into a heparinized test tube;
s2: centrifuging the collected specimen at 2-8 deg.C 1000 rpm for 10-20min for 25-35min, collecting supernatant, packaging, and storing in-80 deg.C refrigerator;
s3: collecting urine in the middle section of a patient on the first day after the group is put into the refrigerator, centrifuging at 100 r/min, subpackaging and storing in a refrigerator at the temperature of-80 ℃;
s4: the content of the marker in the plasma and urine is quantitatively determined by a double-antibody sandwich ELISA method within 25-35 days after the sample is collected;
s5: coating each marker antibody in a 96-hole microporous plate to prepare a solid phase carrier, and respectively arranging a standard hole, a sample hole to be detected and a blank hole;
s6: setting 7 standard holes, sequentially adding 100ul of standard substances with different concentrations, adding 100ul of standard substance diluent into the blank hole, and adding 100ul of sample to be detected to prepare each marker into a solid phase carrier;
s7: respectively adding 100ul of samples to be detected into micropores of the samples to be detected, wherein the marker protein is combined with an antibody connected to a solid phase carrier, then adding a biotinylated specific antibody, and adding HRP-labeled avidin after washing the unbound biotinylated antibody;
s8: after thorough washing again, adding a TMB substrate for color development, converting the TMB into blue under the catalysis of peroxidase, and converting into final yellow under the action of acid, wherein the shade of the color is in positive correlation with the concentration of the marker protein in the sample;
s9: measuring absorbance (0.D. value) with an enzyme-labeling instrument at a wavelength of 450nm, and calculating the concentration of the sample;
s10: and (3) plotting the average value of the multiple wells of each standard product and the 0.D value of the sample after subtracting the O.D value of the blank well (a seven-point diagram), taking the thick container of the standard product as a vertical coordinate (or a logarithmic coordinate), taking the 0.D value of the standard product as a horizontal coordinate (or a parallel coordinate), detecting a standard curve (software name), finding out the corresponding concentration by a standard function line, calculating a regression equation of the standard curve by leading the 0.D value of the standard product to the concentration of the standard product, substituting the 0.D value of the sample into the equation, and calculating the concentration of the sample, namely the actual concentration of the sample.
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein patients with an age above 18 and below 80 years are excluded who are critically ill for AKI: the time between stroke diagnosis and icu hospitalization is greater than 7 days; maintaining a history of dialysis or kidney transplantation; pregnancy; the history of chronic kidney disease; with kidney trauma.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the clinical data of each patient is collected from an electronic patient record database, and comprises recording the following clinical variables during the hospitalization of the ICU: age, sex, stroke type (IS or ICH) stroke affects the site of craniocerebral injury; blood pressure at ICU admission (systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure); the operation condition after hospital admission (operation mode, blood loss condition during operation and operation time), the mechanical ventilation time and mode, the occurrence condition of complications (infection and organ failure condition), and the function evaluation of other related organs.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein the previous medical history of each patient includes stroke, hypertension, diabetes, CKD and CAD, any nephrotoxic drug (mannitol, loop diuretics or vancomycin); the use of pre-AKI vasoactive drugs is recorded as the stroke score (NIHSS), Glasgow Coma Score (GCS), acute physiological and chronic health assessment (APACHEII).
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the primary outcome is the correlation between TIMP2 IGFBP7, KIM-1, cystatin C and incidence of AKI 7 days after admission of stroke patients, and the secondary outcome is the ability to assess biomarkers and clinical parameters.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the prognostic factors include blood purification, mechanical ventilation time, ICU hospitalization time, 28-day, 90-day and one-year mortality, biomarkers and clinical features of the patient, and analysis of clinical data of the patient to determine whether cerebrovascular AKI is correlated with gender, lesion site, past history of stroke, and wherein ventricular, pons, and subarachnoid hemorrhage are more likely to develop AKI.
7. The method for the early diagnosis of AKI in critically ill patients according to claim 1, wherein the urine samples comprise cystatinC, NGAL, KIM-1, and the markers of cell cycle resting stage, TIMB2 and IGFBP-7, which are detected by ELISA.
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| CN114509573A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-05-17 | 天津医科大学朱宪彝纪念医院(天津医科大学代谢病医院、天津代谢病防治中心) | Diabetes kidney disease early warning model established based on synchronous detection of urine markers |
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