CN112798364A - Accurate detection of furnace top CO and CO2Method for increasing blast furnace capacity by ratio - Google Patents
Accurate detection of furnace top CO and CO2Method for increasing blast furnace capacity by ratio Download PDFInfo
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- CN112798364A CN112798364A CN202011631988.3A CN202011631988A CN112798364A CN 112798364 A CN112798364 A CN 112798364A CN 202011631988 A CN202011631988 A CN 202011631988A CN 112798364 A CN112798364 A CN 112798364A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940056932 lead sulfide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910052981 lead sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000020897 Formins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091022623 Formins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PIJPYDMVFNTHIP-UHFFFAOYSA-L lead sulfate Chemical compound [PbH4+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PIJPYDMVFNTHIP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N1/2247—Sampling from a flowing stream of gas
- G01N1/2258—Sampling from a flowing stream of gas in a stack or chimney
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
- G01N33/0036—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector specially adapted to detect a particular component
- G01N33/004—CO or CO2
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
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- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Blast Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
Accurate detection furnace roof CO and CO2The method for improving the productivity of the blast furnace by the ratio is to arrange a sampling port on the top surface of an upper furnace cover of the blast furnace around a flue pipe on the top of the furnace; the sampling tube is used for stirring the surface of a material block closest to the furnace top in the blast furnace, the surface of the material block is inserted into a gap of the material block, and smoke which is not oxidized by air in the gap of the material block is extracted; detecting CO/CO in flue gas2A ratio; adjusting the coke ratio of the blast furnace fuel according to the ratio to make CO/CO2The ratio is maintained at 0.95-1.05. The method is simple, effective and easy to operate, can generally improve the productivity by more than 30 percent, can find out whether the coke in the furnace is deficient in time and prevent the accident of furnace death caused by coke deficiency. Has great effects on optimizing blast furnace operation, improving and stabilizing productivity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an optimized operation technology of a blast furnace in the non-ferrous metal smelting industry, in particular to a method for accurately detecting furnace top CO and CO2The ratio is used to adjust the coke ratio to increase the capacity of the blast furnace.
Background
Conventional lead-smelting blast furnaces are generally classified into two types. One kind uses the sintered block of lead sulfide ore as main raw material, and has large smelting strength per unit hearth area, low smelting coke ratio, large blast intensity and high blast furnace capacity. The other type is that smelting smoke dust containing lead sulfide and leached slag mud containing lead sulfate are added with enough iron for replacing lead, and after being prepared into a proper ferro-silicon-calcium slag shape, the mixture is pressed into blocks as a main raw material. In order to reduce the smelting smoke dust rate, the blast intensity is generally lower, the coke ratio is higher, the smelting intensity is lower, the productivity per unit hearth area is lower, and the method is mainly suitable for recovering secondary resources. It is generally important to optimize the blast intensity and the bottom coke thickness in order to achieve a higher capacity of the blast furnace. For the former, in order to improve the productivity, the blowing intensity is not increased and improved, when the blowing intensity is too high, the speed of an ascending gas passing through a coke gap exceeds a critical speed, so that the melted furnace charge cannot fall along the coke gap, the furnace condition is deteriorated, and the furnace cannot normally run; the thickness of the bottom coke layer is more specific, and the bottom coke layer on the tuyere area of the blast furnace has the proper blast intensity of 20-30 m in the blast furnace3When square meter is used for min, the thickness of the bottom coke layer is selected to be 0.8-1.0 time of the width of the tuyere zone furnace, when the width of the tuyere zone furnace hearth is 1m, the thickness of the bottom coke layer is selected to be 0.8-1 m, under the condition, oxygen-containing air blown from a tuyere is combusted in a mode from oxidation to neutrality in the coke layer with the thickness of about 0.5m, and generated high-temperature gas CO is generated2Partially reducing the coke layer with a thickness of about 0.3-0.5 m to CO to form CO/CO2High temperature medium reducing gas, approximately 1, on the one hand provides the medium reducing environment necessary in the furnace and on the other hand provides a large amount of heat for melting the charge, in this preferred combustionIn a burning mode, when the blast furnace is used for smelting the briquetting furnace burden, the higher capacity of 30-40T/square meter/day can be achieved, but in the actual production process, a fireman is generally afraid of that the furnace is lack of coke and dies, in addition, the change range of coke moisture is large, the conversion is troublesome, when coke is added, the coke is always in a coke-rich state, more coke is needed, the coke is not needed to be needed, the coke which is not burnt completely is accumulated on a bottom coke layer, the coke is thickened continuously, and the CO/CO of fuel gas on the2Ratio greatly exceeds 1, and gas CO2The coke is reduced into C0, and the endothermic reaction temperature is reduced by 200-300 ℃, so that the speed of melting the furnace charge is greatly reduced, and the productivity is low. Theoretically, it is known that the CO and the CO in the fuel gas in the furnace top flue can be detected2The combustion condition of the fuel in the furnace is judged according to the ratio to make adjustment. But in practice due to CO and CO generated in the furnace2When the mixed fuel gas is separated from the upper surface of the furnace charge and enters the flue, the CO in the mixed fuel gas is further oxidized into CO by oxygen in the air2Detected CO/CO2The ratio is not accurate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at the CO and CO in the top flue of the blast furnace in the prior art2The problem that the productivity cannot be improved due to inaccurate ratio detection and inaccurate judgment of the combustion condition of the fuel in the furnace is provided, and the method for accurately detecting the CO and the CO on the furnace top2Method for increasing blast furnace capacity by ratio by accurately detecting furnace top CO and CO2The ratio is adjusted accordingly to increase the blast furnace capacity.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: accurate detection furnace roof CO and CO2The method for increasing the productivity of the blast furnace by the ratio comprises the following steps:
A. a sampling port is arranged on the surface of the top end of an upper furnace cover of the blast furnace around a flue pipe at the top of the blast furnace;
preferably, the sampling port is a square hole of 200 × 400 mm.
B. The sampling tube is used for stirring the surface of a material block closest to the furnace top in the blast furnace, the surface of the material block is inserted into a gap of the material block, and smoke which is not oxidized by air in the gap of the material block is extracted;
the sampling tube is made of a metal tube with the drift diameter of 10-30 mm, the lower end of a sampling tube inserting material block is cut into an oblique opening of 30-60 degrees, preferably an oblique opening of 45 degrees; the top end of the sampling tube can be provided with a smoke dust filtering device, and the smoke dust filtering device is connected with the back of the smoke dust filtering device through CO/CO2The sampler of the detecting instrument is connected with CO/CO2And (5) detecting the instrument. During sampling, because the sampling tube is directly inserted into the gap of the material block for extraction, the extracted smoke is not directly exposed in the air in the upper furnace cover and is mixed with the air, the interference of air mixing is eliminated, and CO is not further oxidized into CO by the oxygen in the air2Thereby ensuring CO and CO in the flue pipe at the top of the furnace2The accuracy of the ratio is used for further judging the combustion condition of the fuel in the furnace.
C. Detecting CO/CO in flue gas2A ratio;
D. according to CO/CO2The detection result of the ratio and the coke ratio of the current stage of the blast furnace, and the coke ratio of the fuel of the blast furnace is adjusted to ensure that CO/CO is mixed2The ratio is maintained at 0.95-1.05; the specific adjustment mode of the coke ratio is as follows: when CO/CO2When the coke content is less than 0.95, increasing the coke ratio; when CO/CO2When the coke ratio is 0.95-1.05, the coke ratio is kept unchanged; when CO/CO2At > 1.05, the coke ratio is reduced. For example, the current coke ratio is 12%, CO/CO2The ratio is 0.9, in accordance withAdjusting the coke ratio to 13.3%; or the current coke ratio is 14%, the CO/CO ratio is measured2The ratio is 1.25, thenThe coke ratio is adjusted to 11.2% to obtain CO/CO2The ratio was always maintained at 1. + -. 0.05. CO/CO detection typically once a day2The stable operation of the blast furnace can be maintained by correspondingly adjusting the ratio and the coke ratio without online detection at any time, and the service life of the device can be prolonged.
The method is simple, effective and easy to operate, can generally improve the productivity by more than 30 percent, can find out whether the coke in the furnace is deficient in time and prevent the accident of furnace death caused by coke deficiency. Has great effects on optimizing blast furnace operation, improving and stabilizing productivity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a blast furnace CO/CO of the present invention2The detection principle is shown schematically.
1-blast furnace hearth, 2-hearth melting charge, 3-blast furnace tuyere, 4-blast furnace bottom coke layer, 5-blast furnace tuyere water jacket shaft, 6-material block layer, 7-blast furnace water jacket straight shaft, 8-coke layer, 9-flue pipe, 10-upper furnace mantle, 11-charging opening, 12-sampling opening, 13-sampling pipe, 14-three-way joint, 15-CO/CO2Detector sampler, 16-CO/CO2And (5) detecting the instrument.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The method is implemented in a smelting plant Leishui, and the operation steps are as follows, please refer to the figure 1 in combination:
A. selecting the width B of a tuyere area of the blast furnace to be 1.25m, the area of a hearth to be 5.6 square meters, downwards forming four square sampling ports 12 with the size of 200 multiplied by 400mm on the top surface of an upper furnace shell 10 at the periphery of a flue pipe 9, and mounting turning cover plates (not shown) on the sampling ports 12, wherein the distance from the sampling ports 12 to the topmost material block of the material block layer 6 is 1.5 m.
B. Manufacturing a sampling tube 13 with the length of 2.5m, manufacturing the sampling tube by adopting a metal tube with the drift diameter of 15mm, cutting the lower end of a tube opening into an inclined opening with the angle of 45 degrees to prevent furnace burden from blocking an inlet of the sampling tube, connecting a three-way joint 14 at an outlet at the upper end of the sampling tube 13, sealing the sampling tube by using a plug in a straight-through direction, detaching the plug to facilitate dredging and maintenance when accumulated dust in the sampling tube is cleared, arranging a smoke filter in a 90-degree outlet direction, and then passing through CO/CO2The detecting instrument sampler 15 is connected with CO/CO2The instrumentation 16 is detected. CO/CO2The detecting instrument 16 adopts JH-3010AF type of Shandong Qingdao sincerity instruments and meters company, infrared CO/CO2Two-in-one analyzer.
C. The sampling pipe 13 is extended into the sampling port 12, the topmost material block of the material block layer 6 in the blast furnace is stirred to extend into the gap of the material block, the flue gas sprayed out of the furnace is directly extracted from the gap, and the data measured by different actually measured sampling ports are respectively as follows: 1# sampling port: c0/7.8%,CO26.0 percent; 2# sampling port: c0/7.4%, CO26.1 percent; 3# sampling port: c0/7.5%, CO26.5 percent; 4# sampling port: c0/7.7%, CO26.0 percent. Calculated as a weighted averageComprehensive ratioAt the moment, the productivity area ratio of the blast furnace is 25T/square meter per day, and the productivity is lower. According to the ratio, the coke ratio of the current stage of the blast furnace is adjusted to be 14.3 percent to 11.62 percent (14.3 percent/1.23-11.62 percent). After 24 hours, the CO and CO were again measured2The measured data of different sampling ports are respectively as follows: 1# sampling port: c0/7.1%, CO27.0 percent; 2# sampling port: c0/6.9%, CO27.2 percent; 3# sampling port: c0/7.15%, CO27.2 percent; 4# sampling port: c0/7.0%, CO27.05 percent; computingComprehensive ratioThe productivity is improved to 32.5T/square meter per day, and the amplification is increased by about 30 percent. Measured after 48 hoursThe productivity is 31.2T/square meter/day, and the current coke ratio is 11.62 percentBased on the calculated value, the coke ratio of the blast furnace is adjusted again to increase from 11.62 percent to 12.63 percent, the operation is continued, the detection is carried out once a day, and the detection is carried out according to the CO/CO2The coke ratio is timely adjusted, the high-yield state is kept, and the operation is stable.
Comparative examples
This example was carried out as a special case of comparative air interference, except that the sampling tube was different in the point of drawing the fumes, the other conditions were the same as in example 1,the sampling point in this embodiment is within the upper hood 10, the sampling tube does not contact the cake layer 6, and is about 0.8m away from the topmost cake of the cake layer 6. At this point, the average CO concentration was found to be 2.8%, CO2The average concentration was 8.5%, and it can be seen that CO is present2The average concentration is higher and is much different from the average concentration of CO because of the CO and CO contained in the furnace2The temperature of the flue gas is high, CO is partially oxidized when the flue gas meets oxygen in the air, the oxidation rate of the CO is different due to different initial temperatures and concentrations, uncertainty exists, and the measured data cannot reflect the real situation in the furnace and has no reference significance.
Claims (5)
1. Accurate detection furnace roof CO and CO2A method for increasing the capacity of a blast furnace by a ratio, the method comprising the steps of:
A. a sampling port is arranged on the surface of the top end of an upper furnace cover of the blast furnace around the flue pipe;
B. the sampling tube is used for stirring the surface of a material block closest to the furnace top in the blast furnace, the surface of the material block is inserted into a gap of the material block, and smoke which is not oxidized by air in the gap of the material block is extracted;
C. detecting CO/CO in flue gas2A ratio;
D. according to CO/CO2The coke ratio of the blast furnace fuel is adjusted to enable CO/CO to be detected2The ratio is maintained at 0.95-1.05; the specific adjustment mode of the coke ratio is as follows: when CO/CO2When the coke content is less than 0.95, increasing the coke ratio; when CO/CO2When the coke ratio is 0.95-1.05, the coke ratio is kept unchanged; when CO/CO2At > 1.05, the coke ratio is reduced.
2. The accurate detection of furnace roof CO and CO of claim 12The method for improving the capacity of the blast furnace in the ratio is characterized in that the extracted flue gas is filtered by a dust filtering device before the detection in the step C.
3. The accurate detection of furnace roof CO and CO of claim 12Method for increasing the capacity of a blast furnace in relation to the ratio, characterized in that in step A, the ratio is takenThe sample port is a square hole of 200X 400 mm.
4. The accurate detection of furnace roof CO and CO of claim 12The method for improving the capacity of the blast furnace in the ratio is characterized in that the sampling tube is made of a metal tube with the drift diameter of 10-30 mm, and the lower end of the sampling tube is cut into an inclined opening of 30-60 degrees.
5. The accurate detection of furnace roof CO and CO of claim 42The method for improving the productivity of the blast furnace is characterized in that the lower end of the sampling tube is cut into an inclined opening of 45 degrees.
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH10332278A (en) * | 1997-05-30 | 1998-12-15 | Nippon Steel Corp | Gas sampling method in raw material filling layer in sintering machine |
CN1566379A (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2005-01-19 | 史汉祥 | Copper-zinc separation method during smelting in a blast furnace |
CN103926117A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-07-16 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Simple rotary hearth furnace atmosphere analysis method |
CN105486551A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-04-13 | 广东伟创科技开发有限公司 | Flue gas sampler |
-
2020
- 2020-12-31 CN CN202011631988.3A patent/CN112798364A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH10332278A (en) * | 1997-05-30 | 1998-12-15 | Nippon Steel Corp | Gas sampling method in raw material filling layer in sintering machine |
CN1566379A (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2005-01-19 | 史汉祥 | Copper-zinc separation method during smelting in a blast furnace |
CN103926117A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-07-16 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Simple rotary hearth furnace atmosphere analysis method |
CN105486551A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-04-13 | 广东伟创科技开发有限公司 | Flue gas sampler |
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