CN112797947B - Flatness detection tool and assembly method of rail vehicle body - Google Patents
Flatness detection tool and assembly method of rail vehicle body Download PDFInfo
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- CN112797947B CN112797947B CN202110004900.3A CN202110004900A CN112797947B CN 112797947 B CN112797947 B CN 112797947B CN 202110004900 A CN202110004900 A CN 202110004900A CN 112797947 B CN112797947 B CN 112797947B
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- pantograph
- detection
- flatness
- mounting
- seat
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/30—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/006—Vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a flatness detection tool and a general assembly method of a rail vehicle body, and relates to the technical field of pantograph installation. The flatness detection tool comprises a connecting assembly and a detection assembly; the detection assembly comprises a plurality of detection seats corresponding to the number of the pantograph installation seats, and detection surfaces for detecting the flatness of the pantograph installation seats are arranged on the plurality of detection seats; the general assembly method of the rail vehicle body comprises the step of detecting a mounting surface of the pantograph mounting seat for mounting the pantograph by using a flatness detection tool. In the machining process of the vehicle body assembly, the installation surface of the pantograph installation seat for installing the pantograph is machined and detected by the flatness detection tool, so that the flatness of the installation surface of the processed pantograph installation seat for installing the pantograph meets the installation requirement, the installation precision of the insulator of the pantograph and the installation precision of the pantograph installation seat are improved, and the noise of the vehicle working process is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pantograph installation, in particular to a flatness detection tool for detecting flatness of a pantograph installation seat and an assembly method of a rail vehicle body.
Background
A rail vehicle pantograph is a device that draws electrical energy from a contacted electrical grid and provides kinetic energy to the rail vehicle. The pantograph is provided with three insulators, and the three insulators and a pantograph mounting seat on the rail vehicle are fixed together through threaded joints. The pantograph is installed on the rail vehicle correctly, because the pantograph installation seat has low installation accuracy, noise in a carriage is increased, and riding comfort is affected.
In the prior art, the processing process of the vehicle body comprises flat top assembly welding, flat top accessory composition, flat top accessory processing, vehicle top assembly welding, and vehicle body assembly adjustment and repair. The pantograph mounting base is welded in the flat-top accessory forming procedure, and is machined in the flat-top accessory machining procedure. The pantograph installation seat is installed with three insulators of a pantograph after three stages of vehicle roof assembly welding, vehicle body assembly and vehicle body assembly adjustment and repair. When the insulator of the pantograph and the pantograph mounting seat are not assembled, the pantograph mounting seat is polished in a manual polishing mode, and therefore the insulator of the pantograph is mounted on the pantograph mounting seat.
However, the mounting precision of the insulator of the pantograph and the pantograph mounting seat in the prior art is low, which can cause noise in the working process of the rail vehicle, thereby affecting riding comfort.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a flatness detection tool and a general assembly method of a rail vehicle body, and aims to solve the problem that in the prior art, due to the fact that the mounting precision of an insulator and a pantograph mounting seat of a pantograph is low, noise is generated in the working process of a vehicle, and riding comfort is affected.
In one aspect, the present invention provides a flatness detection tool for detecting flatness of a pantograph mounting seat of a rail vehicle body, including: the device comprises a connecting component and a detection component;
the detection subassembly includes a plurality of detection seats corresponding with the quantity of pantograph mount pad, and is a plurality of detect the seat and install on the coupling assembling, it is a plurality of detect the seat position on the coupling assembling with the position of pantograph mount pad on the automobile body is corresponding, and is a plurality of it is used for detecting to be provided with on the detection seat the detection face of the plane degree of pantograph mount pad, and is a plurality of detect the detection face of seat and be located the coplanar.
Optionally, the detection seat is provided with a boss towards one end of the pantograph mounting seat, the boss is towards one end of the pantograph mounting seat, the detection surface is the one end of the pantograph mounting seat, and the area of the detection surface is smaller than the area of the mounting surface of the pantograph mounting seat for mounting the pantograph.
The area of the detection surface on the boss is smaller than that of the installation surface of the pantograph installation seat for installing the pantograph, so that the feeler gauge is convenient to insert between the detection seat and the pantograph installation seat, and the flatness detection efficiency of the pantograph installation seat can be improved.
Optionally, the flatness of the detection surface is less than or equal to 0.05mm.
Optionally, coupling assembling includes three tie-beam, and is three the tie-beam is welded connection end to end in proper order, coupling assembling is the isosceles triangle structure, detecting element includes three detection seat, and three detection seat is installed respectively on the three apex angle of isosceles triangle structure.
Optionally, the connection beam includes an upper plane and a lower plane, the detection seat is installed on the lower plane of the connection beam, and the flatness of the upper plane of the connection beam is less than or equal to 0.5mm.
Optionally, a lightening hole is arranged on the connecting beam.
Be provided with the lightening hole on the tie-beam, can reduce the weight of flatness detection frock to be convenient for operate flatness detection frock.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method of final assembly of a rail vehicle body, comprising:
after the flat top is assembled and welded, welding and installing the pantograph installation seat;
after the assembly welding of the roof, machining the mounting surface of the pantograph mounting seat for mounting the pantograph;
detecting the mounting surface by using the flatness detection tool;
if the flatness of the mounting surface is larger than a preset value, the mounting surface is continuously machined until the flatness of the mounting surface reaches a first threshold value;
after the vehicle body assembly, continuously detecting the mounting surface of the pantograph mounting seat for mounting the pantograph by using the flatness detection tool;
and if the flatness of the mounting surface is larger than a preset value, adjusting and repairing the mounting surface until the flatness of the mounting surface reaches a second threshold value.
Optionally, the processing of the mounting surface specifically includes:
placing the vehicle roof on a processing table;
placing a gasket in a gap between the roof and the processing table;
pressing the vehicle roof tightly;
and aligning the contact surface of the roof and the processing table.
Optionally, the aligning the contact surface of the vehicle roof and the processing table specifically includes:
and calculating included angles of each coordinate axis of a machine tool coordinate system and each coordinate axis of a workpiece coordinate system, and rotating the machine tool coordinate system according to the included angles until each coordinate axis of the machine tool coordinate system is superposed with each coordinate axis of the workpiece coordinate system.
Optionally, the first threshold is less than or equal to 0.5mm and the second threshold is less than or equal to 1mm.
The invention provides a flatness detection tool, which comprises a connecting assembly and a detection assembly; the detection assembly comprises a plurality of detection seats corresponding to the pantograph installation seats in number, the detection seats are installed on the connection assembly, the positions of the detection seats on the connection assembly correspond to the positions of the pantograph installation seats on the vehicle body, detection surfaces used for detecting the planeness of the pantograph installation seats are arranged on the detection seats, and the detection surfaces of the detection seats are located in the same plane. In the machining process of the vehicle body assembly, the flatness of the installation surface of the pantograph installation seat for installing the pantograph is machined and detected by the flatness detection tool, so that the flatness of the installation surface of the pantograph installation seat for installing the pantograph after machining meets the installation requirement, the installation precision of the insulator of the pantograph and the installation precision of the pantograph installation seat are improved, and the noise of the vehicle working process is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a flatness detection tool provided in the present invention;
fig. 2 is another structural diagram of the flatness detection tool shown in fig. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a vehicle body with a pantograph according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the roof with pantograph mounts of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view schematic illustration of the provided vehicle roof of FIG. 4 with pantograph mounts;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an application state of the tightening tool provided by the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic flow chart of a method for assembling a rail vehicle body according to the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals:
1-flatness detection tooling; 10-a connecting assembly; 11-a connecting beam;
111-upper plane; 112-lower plane; 20-a detection component;
21-a detection seat; 211-a detection surface; 2-pantograph mounting seats;
3-pantograph; 31-an insulator; 4-a vehicle body;
41-vehicle roof; 411-flat top; 4111-a first side;
4112-a second side edge; 4113-third side; 4114-fourth side;
412-dome; 413-edge top; 42-a chassis;
5-jacking the tool; 6-processing table.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be interconnected within two elements or in a relationship where two elements interact with each other unless otherwise specifically limited. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description above, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
A vehicle pantograph is a device that draws electrical energy from a contacted electrical grid and provides kinetic energy to the vehicle. The pantograph is provided with three insulators, and the three insulators are fixed with a pantograph mounting base on a vehicle through threaded joints. The pantograph is mounted on the pantograph mounting seat with low precision, noise in a carriage is increased, and riding comfort is affected, so that whether the pantograph can be mounted on a vehicle correctly is important. In the prior art, the processing process of the vehicle body comprises flat top assembly welding, flat top accessory composition, flat top accessory processing, roof assembly welding and vehicle body assembly adjustment and repair. The pantograph mounting base is welded in the flat-top accessory forming procedure, and is machined in the flat-top accessory machining procedure. The pantograph installation seat is installed with three insulators of a pantograph after three stages of roof assembly welding and vehicle body assembly adjustment and repair. When the insulator of the pantograph and the pantograph installation seat are not assembled, the pantograph installation seat is polished in a manual polishing mode, and the insulator of the pantograph is installed on the pantograph installation seat. However, in the prior art, the mounting precision of the insulator and the pantograph mounting seat of the pantograph is low, which causes noise in the working process of a vehicle, thereby affecting the riding comfort.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a flatness detection tool and an assembly method of a rail vehicle body, wherein the flatness detection tool is used for detecting the flatness of the mounting surface of the pantograph mounting seat for mounting a pantograph by processing the mounting surface of the pantograph mounting seat for mounting the pantograph, so that the flatness of the mounting surface of the processed pantograph mounting seat for mounting the pantograph meets the mounting requirements, the mounting precision of an insulator of the pantograph and the pantograph mounting seat is improved, and the noise in the working process of a vehicle is reduced.
The flatness detection tool and the general assembly method of the rail vehicle body provided by the invention are explained in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a flatness detection tool provided in the present invention; fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another state of the flatness detection tool shown in fig. 1; FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a vehicle body with a pantograph according to the present invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the roof with pantograph mounts of the present invention; FIG. 5 is a front view of the roof provided in FIG. 4 with a pantograph mount; fig. 6 is an application state structure schematic diagram of the jacking tool provided by the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the invention provides a flatness detection tool 1 for detecting flatness of a pantograph mounting seat of a rail vehicle body, comprising a connecting assembly 10 and a detecting assembly 20; detection subassembly 20 includes a plurality of detection seats 21 corresponding with the quantity of pantograph mount pad 2, and a plurality of detection seats 21 are installed on coupling assembling 10, and a plurality of positions of detecting seat 21 on coupling assembling 10 correspond with the position of pantograph mount pad on the automobile body, are provided with the detection face 211 that is used for detecting the plane degree of pantograph mount pad on a plurality of detection seats 21, and a plurality of detection faces 211 of detecting seat 21 are located the coplanar.
Wherein, hang flatness detection frock 1 to the top of pantograph mount pad through the overhead traveling crane after the pantograph mount pad processing to make detection face 211 laminate mutually with the installation face that pantograph mount pad 2 is used for installing pantograph 3, then use the feeler gauge to extend between the installation face that detection face 211 and pantograph mount pad are used for installing the pantograph, detect a plurality of positions to every pantograph mount pad, and will detect data record in detecting the table.
The area of the detection surface 211 may be larger than the area of the mounting surface of the pantograph mounting base for mounting the pantograph, or may be smaller than the area of the mounting surface of the pantograph mounting base for mounting the pantograph, and is not specifically provided here.
The flatness of the detection surface can be processed according to actual needs, and is not specifically set here. For example, the flatness of the detection surface is less than or equal to 0.05mm.
The connection assembly 10 is used to connect a plurality of test sockets 21.
Illustratively, coupling assembling 10 includes three tie-beam 11, and three tie-beam 11 end to end welded connection in proper order, and coupling assembling 10 is the isosceles triangle structure, and detection assembly 20 includes three detection seat 21, and three detection seat 21 is installed respectively on the three apex angle of isosceles triangle structure.
The installation surface of the pantograph installation seat for installing the pantograph is detected through the flatness detection tool 1, the installation surface of the pantograph installation seat for installing the pantograph can be processed in time when the installation surface of the pantograph installation seat for installing the pantograph does not meet requirements, the installation of the pantograph installation seat and the pantograph under the condition of poor installation precision is avoided, the installation precision of the insulator 31 of the pantograph 3 and the pantograph installation seat is improved, and the noise of the working process of a rail vehicle is reduced.
Alternatively, a boss 12 is provided at an end of the detection base 21 facing the pantograph mounting base, an end of the boss 12 facing the pantograph mounting base is a detection surface 211, and an area of the detection surface 211 is smaller than an area of a mounting surface of the pantograph mounting base for mounting the pantograph.
The area of the detection surface 211 on the boss 12 is smaller than that of the installation surface of the pantograph installation seat for installing the pantograph, so that the feeler gauge can be conveniently inserted between the detection seat 21 and the pantograph installation seat, and the flatness detection efficiency of the pantograph installation seat can be improved.
The shape of the boss 12 may be circular or rectangular, and is not specifically provided here.
The boss 12 and the detection seat 21 can be connected by welding. In other implementations, the boss 12 and the detection seat 21 may be integrally formed, and are not specifically configured here.
Optionally, the connecting beam 11 includes an upper plane 111 and a lower plane 112, the detecting base 21 is mounted on the lower plane 112 of the connecting beam 11, and the flatness of the upper plane of the connecting beam 11 is less than or equal to 0.5mm.
When the flatness detection tool 1 is processed, firstly, the three connecting beams 11 are sequentially welded end to end, and the upper planes of the connecting beams 11 are processed, wherein the flatness of the upper planes of the connecting beams 11 is less than or equal to 0.5mm, so that the upper planes of the connecting beams 11 can be used as the reference of the processing detection seat 21.
It should be noted that, the lightening holes are formed in the connecting beam 11, so that the weight of the flatness detection tool can be reduced, and the flatness detection tool 1 can be conveniently operated.
It should be further noted that the connecting beam 11 may be square steel or channel steel, and is not specifically configured here.
Fig. 7 is a schematic flow chart of a method for assembling a rail vehicle body according to the present invention.
As shown in fig. 7, the present invention also provides a method for final assembly of a rail vehicle body, comprising:
s101: and after the flat top is assembled and welded, welding and installing the pantograph installation seat.
The pantograph draws electric energy from a contacted power grid and provides kinetic energy for the rail vehicle. A vehicle body, connected with a pantograph, of the rail vehicle is provided with a flat top, wherein the flat top is formed by welding a plurality of metal plates.
After the flat-top assembly welding, it is necessary to mount an accessory on the flat top, and one of the accessories is a pantograph mount base which mounts the pantograph on the roof of the vehicle and holds the pantograph at a high level accuracy, so that the pantograph can smoothly contact the power supply cable installed above the rail.
S102: after the assembly welding of the roof, the installation surface of the pantograph installation seat for installing the pantograph is processed.
The roof 41 includes a flat top 411, a dome 412 and a roof 413. Roof assembly welding refers to assembling and welding the flat top 411, the dome 412 and the edge top 413.
The welding shrinkage causes the deformation of the plane of the car roof in the process of assembling and welding the car roof, and the pantograph mounting seat changes along with the deformation of the car roof. Therefore, the pantograph installation seat is processed and placed after the assembly welding of the roof, so that the influence of the assembly welding of the roof on the flatness of the plane of the pantograph can be avoided.
S103: the flatness detection tool 1 is used for detecting the installation surface of the pantograph installation seat for installing the pantograph.
After the installation surface of the pantograph installation seat for installing the pantograph is processed, the flatness detection tool 1 is used for detecting the installation surface of the pantograph installation seat for installing the pantograph.
S104: if the flatness of the mounting surface of the pantograph mounting seat for mounting the pantograph is larger than a preset value, the mounting surface of the pantograph mounting seat for mounting the pantograph is continuously machined until the flatness of the mounting surface reaches a first threshold value.
If the flatness of the mounting surface of the pantograph mounting seat for mounting the pantograph is less than or equal to the preset value, the pantograph can be assembled on the vehicle body.
Illustratively, the preset value may be 0.5mm, i.e., the first threshold value of the flatness of the pantograph mount machining after roof assembly welding is less than or equal to 0.5mm. In other implementations, the preset value may be other values, and is not specifically set herein.
If the flatness of the installation surface of the pantograph installation seat for installing the pantograph is larger than a preset value, the installation surface of the pantograph installation seat for installing the pantograph is continuously processed, and detection and processing are stopped when the flatness of the installation surface of the pantograph installation seat for installing the pantograph reaches a first threshold value.
S105: after the vehicle body assembly, the flatness detection tool 1 is used for continuously detecting the installation surface of the pantograph installation seat for installing the pantograph.
The vehicle body 4 includes a roof 41, side walls, and a floor frame 42. The vehicle body assembly is formed by assembling and welding the roof 41, the side walls and the underframe 42.
The welding in the process of the vehicle body assembly can influence the flatness of the mounting surface of the pantograph mounting seat for mounting the pantograph. Therefore, it is necessary to continue to detect the mounting surface of the pantograph mounting base on which the pantograph is mounted.
S106: and if the flatness of the mounting surface is larger than the preset value, adjusting and repairing the mounting surface until the flatness of the mounting surface reaches a second threshold value.
If the flatness of the mounting surface of the pantograph mounting seat for mounting the pantograph is less than or equal to the preset value, the pantograph mounting seat can be directly mounted with an insulator of the pantograph.
For example, the preset value may be 1mm, that is, the second threshold value of the flatness of the pantograph mount behind the vehicle body assembly is less than or equal to 1mm. In other implementations, the preset value may be other values, and is not specifically set herein.
If the flatness of the mounting surface of the pantograph mounting seat for mounting the pantograph is larger than a preset value, the mounting surface of the mounting seat for mounting the pantograph needs to be adjusted and repaired.
In an alternative embodiment, the flatness detection tool 1 detects the flatness of eight positions of the mounting surface of the rear pantograph mounting base for mounting the pantograph of the vehicle body assembly. When the detection data comprise data larger than 1mm, the adjustment of the mounting surface of the mounting seat for mounting the pantograph is required. The adjusting and repairing process comprises the following steps: firstly, finding a position corresponding to the maximum value in the detection data, and placing a jacking tool 5 between the position and the underframe 42; the jacking tool 5 pre-performs maximum reversible deformation in the direction away from the underframe 42 at the position, wherein the maximum deformation is 1.5mm; and adjusting and repairing the welding line on the flat top nearest to the position by flame, controlling the temperature to be between 180 and 200 ℃, adjusting and repairing the range to be about 500mm, adjusting and repairing the range for about 3min, and after the temperature is reduced to the room temperature, performing flatness detection on eight positions of the mounting surface of the pantograph mounting base for mounting the pantograph behind the vehicle body assembly by using the flatness detection tool 1. And when the detection data are all qualified, stopping the adjustment and the repair.
Optionally, the processing of the mounting surface specifically includes: placing the vehicle roof on a processing table; placing a gasket in a gap between the vehicle roof and the processing table; the car roof is pressed tightly; and aligning the contact surface of the vehicle roof and the processing table.
In the process of vehicle body assembly, the roof is in a natural state, so the roof should be in a natural state when the mounting surface of the pantograph mounting seat for mounting the pantograph is processed. The natural state is a state in which the roof is not deformed.
Therefore, when the pantograph mounting seat is used for mounting the mounting surface of the pantograph, the roof is placed on the processing table, and the gasket is placed in the gap between the roof and the processing table, so that the deformation of the roof caused in the process of pressing the roof by the clamping mechanism can be avoided, and the roof can be ensured to be in a natural state when the mounting surface of the pantograph mounting seat for mounting the pantograph is processed.
Optionally, aligning the contact surface of the roof with the machining table comprises: and calculating the included angle between each coordinate axis of the machine tool coordinate system and each coordinate axis of the workpiece coordinate system, and rotating the machine tool coordinate system according to the included angle until each coordinate axis of the machine tool coordinate system is superposed with each coordinate axis of the workpiece coordinate system.
The alignment process comprises the following steps: the machine tool is provided with four probe points positioned on the vertex angle of a parallelogram, wherein two long edges of the parallelogram are parallel to the u axis of a machine tool coordinate system; and calculating an included angle between the central line of the two long sides parallel to the Y axis of the machine tool coordinate system and the v axis of the machine tool coordinate system, and then rotating the machine tool coordinate system according to the included angle to enable the central line to be superposed with the v axis of the machine tool coordinate system.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 4, it is assumed that the object coordinate system is an xy coordinate system in the drawing. A probe point A, a probe point B, a probe point C and a probe point D which are positioned on four vertex angles of a parallelogram are arranged on a machine tool, and the four probe points form a coordinate system of the machine tool, namely a uv coordinate system in the drawing. The roof 41 includes a first side 4111, a second side 4112, a third side 4113, and a fourth side 4114, wherein a probe point a and a probe point B are located on the second side 4112, a probe point C and a probe point D are located on the fourth side 4114, the distances between the probe point a and the probe point D and the first side 4111 are equal, and the distances between the probe point B and the probe point C and the third side 4113 are equal.
And calculating included angles between the u-axis and the v-axis of a machine tool coordinate system positioned by the probe A, the probe B, the probe C and the probe D and the x-axis and the y-axis of a workpiece coordinate system, and then rotating the machine tool according to the calculated included angles to enable the uv-axis and the xy-axis of the machine tool coordinate system to coincide so as to realize alignment.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 4, a connecting line between the probe point a and the probe point D of the parallelogram and a connecting line between the probe point B and the probe point C are two long sides of the parallelogram, the two long sides are parallel to the u-axis of the uv coordinate system, and a connecting line between the middle points of the two long sides is parallel to the v-axis of the uv coordinate system.
Compared with the existing alignment method, the alignment process improves the alignment efficiency of the contact surface of the roof and the processing table, thereby saving the processing time of the pantograph mounting seat for mounting the mounting surface of the pantograph and reducing the processing labor intensity.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method of final assembly of a rail vehicle body, comprising:
after the flat top is assembled and welded, welding and installing the pantograph installation seat;
after the assembly welding of the roof, machining the mounting surface of the pantograph mounting seat for mounting the pantograph;
detecting the mounting surface by using a flatness detection tool;
if the flatness of the mounting surface is larger than a preset value, the mounting surface is continuously machined until the flatness of the mounting surface reaches a first threshold value;
after the vehicle body assembly, continuously detecting the mounting surface of the pantograph mounting seat for mounting the pantograph by using the flatness detection tool;
if the flatness of the mounting surface is larger than a preset value, adjusting and repairing the mounting surface until the flatness of the mounting surface reaches a second threshold value;
wherein, the flatness detection tool comprises: the device comprises a connecting component and a detection component;
the detection subassembly includes a plurality of detection seats corresponding with the quantity of pantograph mount pad, and is a plurality of detect the seat and install on the coupling assembling, it is a plurality of detect the seat position on the coupling assembling with the position of pantograph mount pad on the automobile body is corresponding, and is a plurality of it is used for detecting to be provided with on the detection seat the detection face of the plane degree of pantograph mount pad, and is a plurality of detect the detection face of seat and be located the coplanar.
2. The assembly method according to claim 1, wherein a boss is provided at an end of the detection base facing the pantograph mount, the end of the boss facing the pantograph mount being the detection surface, and an area of the detection surface is smaller than an area of a mounting surface of the pantograph mount for mounting a pantograph.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the flatness of the detection surface is less than or equal to 0.05mm.
4. The final assembly method according to claim 1, wherein the connecting assembly comprises three connecting beams, the three connecting beams are sequentially welded end to end, the connecting assembly is in an isosceles triangle structure, the detecting assembly comprises three detecting seats, and the three detecting seats are respectively arranged on three top angles of the isosceles triangle structure.
5. The assembly method of claim 4, wherein the connection beam comprises an upper plane and a lower plane, the detection seat is mounted on the lower plane of the connection beam, and the flatness of the upper plane of the connection beam is less than or equal to 0.5mm.
6. The method of assembling of claim 4, wherein said tie-beams are provided with lightening holes.
7. The final assembly method according to claim 1, wherein machining the mounting surface comprises:
placing the vehicle roof on a processing table;
placing a gasket in a gap between the roof and the processing table;
pressing the vehicle roof tightly;
and aligning the contact surface of the roof and the processing table.
8. The assembly method according to claim 7, wherein the aligning of the contact surface of the vehicle roof with the machining station comprises:
and calculating included angles of each coordinate axis of a machine tool coordinate system and each coordinate axis of a workpiece coordinate system, and rotating the machine tool coordinate system according to the included angles until each coordinate axis of the machine tool coordinate system is superposed with each coordinate axis of the workpiece coordinate system.
9. The final assembly method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that said first threshold value is less than or equal to 0.5mm and said second threshold value is less than or equal to 1mm.
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