CN112796957B - Method, device and equipment for detecting fan blade - Google Patents
Method, device and equipment for detecting fan blade Download PDFInfo
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- CN112796957B CN112796957B CN202110323517.4A CN202110323517A CN112796957B CN 112796957 B CN112796957 B CN 112796957B CN 202110323517 A CN202110323517 A CN 202110323517A CN 112796957 B CN112796957 B CN 112796957B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D17/00—Monitoring or testing of wind motors, e.g. diagnostics
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
- G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
- G01H9/006—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors the vibrations causing a variation in the relative position of the end of a fibre and another element
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting a fan blade, which comprises the following steps: acquiring vibration signal data of the fan blade through a fiber grating sensor, wherein the fiber grating sensor is arranged at two ends of a crossbeam of the fan blade; acquiring the output power of the fan blade through a rotation speed sensor, wherein the rotation speed sensor is arranged on the fan blade; when the output power is a first threshold value, analyzing the vibration signal data to obtain a variation curve based on the deformation of the fan blade; and when the change curve is judged to exceed the preset range, determining that the fan blade deforms, and acquiring defect information of the fan blade. The fan blade defect detection device can realize accurate detection of fan blade defects and reduce economic loss caused by fan blade faults, so that the fan blades can be effectively protected, the service life of the fan blades is prolonged, and the operation efficiency of a fan is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind driven generators, in particular to a method, a device and equipment for detecting a fan blade.
Background
Wind energy is an important renewable energy source, and with the expansion of the wind energy market in China, the fan manufacturing industry gradually enters a high-speed development period. The current trend in fan development is toward higher power, lower cost megawatt machines. The offshore wind field is recently in the hot investment direction, the wind turbine generator set with the power level of more than 5MW is mainly adopted, the diameter of the wind wheel designed and manufactured at home is maximally close to 200m at present, and the larger swept area and the larger diameter of the wind wheel provide a difficult design challenge while the power transmission is improved.
With the increasing scale of the blade and the increasing capital investment, the reliability monitoring of the structural health condition of the blade is very important. The service life and the safety of the wind driven generator influence the step of wind power utilization and development, and the fan blade is a core component of the wind driven generator, so that the service life and the safety of the fan blade directly influence the service life and the safety condition of the whole wind driven generator set. The shutdown caused by the blade fault usually needs longer maintenance time, so that huge economic loss is brought to a wind farm, the maintenance and repair of the blade fault can greatly increase the operation and maintenance cost of manpower and material resources of the wind farm, and the continuous and healthy development of the wind power industry is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a method, an apparatus, and a device for detecting a fan blade, which can accurately detect a defect of the fan blade and reduce economic loss caused by a failure of the fan blade, so as to effectively protect the fan blade, prolong a service life of the fan blade, and increase an operation efficiency of the fan.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for detecting a fan blade, the method comprising:
acquiring vibration signal data of the fan blade through a fiber grating sensor, wherein the fiber grating sensor is arranged at two ends of a crossbeam of the fan blade;
acquiring the output power of the fan blade through a rotation speed sensor, wherein the rotation speed sensor is arranged on the fan blade;
when the output power is a first threshold value, analyzing the vibration signal data to obtain a variation curve based on the deformation of the fan blade;
and when the change curve is judged to exceed the preset range, determining that the fan blade deforms, and acquiring defect information of the fan blade.
Preferably, when the output power is a first threshold, the step of analyzing the vibration signal data to obtain a variation curve based on a deformation amount of the fan blade includes:
and when the output power is a first threshold value, analyzing the vibration signal data acquired at the position of each fiber grating sensor to obtain a variation curve of the deformation of the fan blade at the same position based on different time.
Preferably, when the output power is a first threshold, the step of analyzing the vibration signal data to obtain a variation curve based on the deformation of the fan blade includes:
when the output power is a first threshold value, the vibration signal data of a plurality of positions acquired by the fiber bragg grating sensors are analyzed at the same time, and a variation curve of the deformation of the fan blade based on different positions at the same time is obtained.
Preferably, the step of acquiring the vibration signal data of the fan blade through the fiber grating sensor includes:
and measuring the resonant wavelength of the fiber grating sensor by using a fiber grating demodulator, and performing strain conversion to obtain the vibration signal data.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a fan blade detection device, including:
the fan blade vibration detection device comprises a first acquisition unit, a second acquisition unit and a control unit, wherein the first acquisition unit is used for acquiring vibration signal data of a fan blade through a fiber grating sensor, and the fiber grating sensor is arranged at two ends of a girder of the fan blade;
the second acquisition unit is used for acquiring the output power of the fan blade through a rotating speed sensor, wherein the rotating speed sensor is arranged on the fan blade;
the analysis unit is used for analyzing the vibration signal data when the output power is a first threshold value to obtain a variation curve based on the deformation of the fan blade;
and the detection unit is used for determining that the fan blade deforms when the change curve exceeds a preset range, and acquiring defect information of the fan blade.
Preferably, the analysis unit is further configured to:
and when the output power is a first threshold value, analyzing the vibration signal data acquired at the position of each fiber grating sensor to obtain a variation curve of the deformation of the fan blade at the same position based on different time.
Preferably, the analysis unit is further configured to:
when the output power is a first threshold value, the vibration signal data of a plurality of positions acquired by the fiber bragg grating sensors are analyzed at the same time, and a variation curve of the deformation of the fan blade based on different positions at the same time is obtained.
Preferably, the first obtaining unit is further configured to:
and measuring the resonant wavelength of the fiber grating sensor by using a fiber grating demodulator, and performing strain conversion to obtain the vibration signal data.
To achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a fan blade detection apparatus, which includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory, wherein the computer program can be executed by the processor to implement the fan blade detection method according to the above embodiment.
Has the advantages that:
above scheme, the change of deflection on this fan blade can be accurate monitoring out, can realize carrying out accurate detection to the defect of fan blade to this defect type and the defect position of further analysis fan blade and emergence opportunity, thereby can the health condition of analysis aassessment current fan blade, and in time inform the operator to handle in advance, take precautions against in advance in order to improve the planning nature of fan maintenance, reduce fan dead time.
According to the scheme, the fiber bragg grating sensors are arranged at the two ends of the girder of the fan blade, the state of the fan blade is monitored in real time, so that vibration signal data of the fan blade can be obtained, and the sensors are utilized, so that the fan blade can be conveniently and remotely monitored due to low transmission loss; in addition, the fiber grating sensors are arranged at the two ends of the crossbeam, so that the accuracy of vibration signal data of the fan blade of the fiber grating sensor can be improved.
Above scheme, when output is a definite value, carry out the analysis to the vibration signal data that acquire, can get rid of the influence of other factors to can improve and judge whether take place deformation to carry out accurate detection to fan blade.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for detecting a fan blade according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the fiber grating sensors disposed at two ends of a C-shaped beam of a fan blade according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection device for a fan blade according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples. To facilitate understanding of those skilled in the art, the structure/method of the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a fan blade detection method, which can realize accurate detection of fan blade defects and reduce economic loss caused by fan blade faults, thereby effectively protecting the fan blades, prolonging the service life of the fan blades and increasing the fan operation efficiency.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for detecting a fan blade according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In this embodiment, the method includes:
and S11, obtaining vibration signal data of the fan blade through the fiber grating sensor, wherein the fiber grating sensor is arranged at two ends of a crossbeam of the fan blade.
In this embodiment, the fiber grating sensors are arranged at two ends of the girder of the fan blade, so that the fan blade can be accurately vibrated, and the state of the fan blade can be effectively detected in the following process. As the fan blade of the horizontal-axis wind generating set mainly has a girder and a shell structure which together provide the strength and rigidity of the fan blade, the girder is usually in a D type, an O type, a rectangular type, a C/I type and the like. Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fiber grating sensors disposed at two ends of a C-shaped beam of a fan blade. Specifically, the C-shaped beam is of a glass fiber sandwich structure, so that the tensile force and the bending moment of the C-shaped beam can be best borne, the upper shell and the lower shell of the blade mainly adopt unidirectional reinforcing materials, +/-45-degree layers are properly laid to bear the torque, and the shell of the blade and the crossbeam are firmly bonded together by structural adhesive. In this configuration, the deformation of the longerons and the shell is uniform. After contraction, the sandwich structure is used as a support, and the two half blades are firmly bonded together. When there is distortion, the bonded portion is not damaged by shearing.
In addition, vibration signal data of the fan blade can be acquired through a strain gauge sensor arranged on the fan blade. In this embodiment, it is preferable that the status of the fan blade is monitored in real time by installing the fiber grating sensor on the fan blade, because the fiber grating sensor has strong anti-electromagnetic interference capability and good insulation property, the fiber is made of quartz, has light weight and small volume, can realize distributed measurement by using a wavelength division and time division multiplexing technology, has low transmission loss, can multiplex signals, and is convenient for realizing remote monitoring. Therefore, the method is used for wind turbine monitoring tasks such as blade load, blade structure damage, blade lightning failure, blade icing early warning and the like. The fiber bragg grating sensor is arranged on the fan blade, so that the vibration state of the blade is monitored in real time.
Further, the step of acquiring the vibration signal data of the fan blade through the fiber grating sensor includes:
and measuring the resonant wavelength of the fiber grating sensor by using a fiber grating demodulator, and performing strain conversion to obtain the vibration signal data.
In this embodiment, set up the fiber grating demodulation appearance in fiber optic fitting case to reach waterproof and protecting against shock's function, accessible sliding ring mode (including CAN/ethernet/Modbus) realizes the communication of fiber grating demodulation appearance and detecting system. After the signals are collected, the signals are independently networked through the wind power plant optical fiber ring network and are stored in a database in real time.
Specifically, because Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) can only reflect a certain wavelength, the change of the reflected wavelength needs to be measured by a fiber bragg grating demodulator, generally, a plurality of grating sensors need to be measured, that is, wavelength division multiplexing needs to be performed, a plurality of Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBG) are connected in series, each fiber bragg grating corresponds to a central wavelength, the wavelengths of the gratings do not overlap in a dynamic range of measurement, so that the reflected wavelengths of different fiber bragg gratings can be measured by the fiber bragg grating demodulator, and further the reflected wavelengths are converted into data such as stress, strain, temperature and acceleration.
When the fiber grating is strained and the ambient temperature changes, the grating period lambada and the effective fiber core refractive index eta are caused to change, so that the wavelength drift of a grating signal is generated, and the strain of the fiber grating on a measuring point and the change of the ambient temperature can be obtained by monitoring the change of the grating wavelength.
Therefore, when the fan blade is subjected to external loads (bending moment, vibration, temperature and the like), the fan blade can generate response, the resonance wavelength of the grating is further changed, the strain generated by each fan blade is obtained by measuring the variation of the resonance wavelength and performing temperature compensation on the variation, and finally the strain is converted into the bending moment, stress, temperature, acceleration and the like borne by the fan blade.
And S12, acquiring the output power of the fan blade through a rotation speed sensor, wherein the rotation speed sensor is arranged on the fan blade.
In specific implementation, the output power of the fan blade can be obtained through a motor installed on the fan blade. Because the wind speed is changed all the time, the external force acting on the fan blade is different, and the output power of the fan blade is larger along with the increase of the wind speed under the general condition. Therefore, the output power of the fan blade can be used as a basis for effectively detecting the state of the fan blade in the follow-up process.
And S13, when the output power is a first threshold value, analyzing the vibration signal data to obtain a change curve based on the deformation of the fan blade.
In this embodiment, when the output power of the wind turbine is the same, it is said that the wind force acting on the wind turbine is the same, so that the influence of other vibration factors can be eliminated. Therefore, the same output power is taken to analyze the acquired vibration signal data, thereby realizing effective detection of the state of the fan blade.
When the output power is a first threshold value, analyzing the vibration signal data to obtain a variation curve based on the deformation of the fan blade, wherein the step of obtaining the variation curve based on the deformation of the fan blade comprises the following steps:
and when the output power is a first threshold value, analyzing the vibration signal data acquired at the position of each fiber grating sensor to obtain a variation curve of the fan blade deformation based on different time at the same position.
When the output power is a first threshold value, analyzing the vibration signal data to obtain a variation curve based on the deformation of the fan blade, wherein the step of obtaining the variation curve based on the deformation of the fan blade comprises the following steps:
and when the output power is a first threshold value, analyzing the vibration signal data of a plurality of positions acquired by the plurality of fiber grating sensors at the same time to obtain a variation curve of the deformation of the fan blade based on different positions at the same time.
And S14, determining that the fan blade deforms when the change curve is judged to exceed the preset range, and acquiring defect information of the fan blade.
In this embodiment, the acquired vibration signal data is further processed by modal parameters and compared with a cantilever model constructed in advance to obtain a defect position and a defect type of the fan blade. The defect types of the fan blade at least comprise blade surface icing, sand holes, external cracking, internal cracking and the like. The concrete implementation steps comprise:
(1) and converting the vibration signal data acquired in advance into modal data.
(2) Carrying out model construction on modal data by using ansys to obtain a cantilever model; and constructing a model of the modal data by using ansys, and adding an orthotropic material constitutive relation and the geometric characteristics of a plate shell theory into the model to obtain a cantilever beam model.
(3) Carrying out load analysis on the cantilever beam model, and calculating the deformation of the cantilever beam model; wherein, according to the control equation: and calculating the deformation of the cantilever beam model by { F } - [ K ] · { u }, wherein F represents the load of the fan blade, K represents a rigidity matrix, and u represents the deformation.
The method comprises the steps of carrying out load analysis on the cantilever beam model, calculating the deformation of the cantilever beam model, and verifying the cantilever beam model under static load and dynamic load.
The step of verifying the cantilever beam model under the static load comprises the following steps:
(a) establishing a deflection curve equation and integrating:
(b) at the fixed end, determining boundary conditions according to the condition that the deflection and the corner of the beam section are equal to 0, namely:
when y (0) is 0, θ (0) is 0, C is 0, and D is 0, the formula
Wherein the step of verifying the cantilever beam model under dynamic load comprises:
the method comprises the steps of adjusting the fan blade to different azimuth angles and pitch angles, setting the fan blade to bear only gravity load in a shutdown state, and testing according to combinations of the different azimuth angles and the different pitch angles.
In this embodiment, during the test, one of the fan blades is required to be adjusted to and maintained at a different azimuth angle and pitch angle, the blade only bears the gravity load in the shutdown state, the test is performed according to the combination of the different azimuth angles and pitch angles, and the sensor data under the combination of the different pitch angles and azimuth angles is recorded. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
a) determining a rotor azimuth angle of a first blade;
b) determining a pitch angle of a first blade;
c) measuring the shimmy direction load of a first section of a first blade by using a first fiber bragg grating sensor;
d) calculating the theoretical load under the azimuth angle and the pitch angle determined in the steps a) and b);
e) comparing the load measured in step c) with the theoretical load calculated in step d), wherein step c) is based on the measurement performed with the motor switched off and the calculation of step d) is based on the gravitational force or gravitational moment from the dead weight of the blade.
(4) And comparing the deformation of the cantilever beam model with modal parameters obtained by processing vibration signals acquired from the blades to be detected, and determining the defect position and defect type of the fan blade.
The invention also provides a detection device of the fan blade, which can realize accurate detection of the fan blade defect and reduce economic loss caused by the fault of the fan blade, thereby effectively protecting the fan blade, prolonging the service life of the fan blade and increasing the operation efficiency of the fan.
In this embodiment, the apparatus 30 includes:
the first obtaining unit 31 is configured to obtain vibration signal data of the fan blade through a fiber grating sensor, where the fiber grating sensor is disposed at two ends of a girder of the fan blade.
Wherein the first obtaining unit 31 is further configured to:
and measuring the resonant wavelength of the fiber grating sensor by using a fiber grating demodulator, and performing strain conversion to obtain the vibration signal data.
The second obtaining unit 32 is configured to obtain the output power of the fan blade through a rotation speed sensor, where the rotation speed sensor is disposed on the fan blade.
And the analysis unit 33 is configured to analyze the vibration signal data to obtain a variation curve based on a deformation of the fan blade when the output power is a first threshold.
Wherein the analysis unit 33 is further configured to:
and when the output power is a first threshold value, analyzing the vibration signal data acquired at the position of each fiber grating sensor to obtain a variation curve of the deformation of the fan blade at the same position based on different time.
Wherein the analysis unit 33 is further configured to:
when the output power is a first threshold value, the vibration signal data of a plurality of positions acquired by the fiber bragg grating sensors are analyzed at the same time, and a variation curve of the deformation of the fan blade based on different positions at the same time is obtained.
And the detection unit 34 is configured to determine that the fan blade deforms when the change curve exceeds a preset range, and obtain defect information of the fan blade.
Each unit module of the apparatus 30 can respectively execute the corresponding steps in the above method embodiments, and therefore, the detailed description of each unit module is omitted here, and please refer to the description of the corresponding steps above.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides a fan blade detection apparatus, which includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory, where the computer program is executable by the processor to implement the fan blade detection method according to the above embodiment.
The detection device of the fan blade may include, but is not limited to, a processor, a memory. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the schematic illustrations are merely examples of a wind turbine blade detection device and do not constitute a limitation on a wind turbine blade detection device, and may include more or fewer components than illustrated, or some components may be combined, or different components, e.g., the wind turbine blade detection device may also include an input-output device, a network access device, a bus, etc.
The Processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), other general purpose Processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, discrete Gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, etc. The general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like, the control center of the fan blade detection apparatus, and various interfaces and lines connecting the various parts of the entire fan blade detection apparatus.
The memory may be configured to store the computer programs and/or modules, and the processor may implement various functions of the wind turbine blade detection apparatus by executing or executing the computer programs and/or modules stored in the memory and invoking data stored in the memory. The memory may mainly include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required by at least one function (such as a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.), and the like; the storage data area may store data (such as audio data, a phonebook, etc.) created according to the use of the cellular phone, and the like. In addition, the memory may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, a memory, a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), at least one magnetic disk storage device, a Flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device.
The unit integrated with the detection device of the fan blade may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium if it is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a separate product. Based on such understanding, all or part of the flow of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention may also be implemented by a computer program, which may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method embodiments may be implemented. Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, an executable file or some intermediate form, etc.
It should be noted that the above-described device embodiments are merely illustrative, where the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. In addition, in the drawings of the embodiment of the apparatus provided by the present invention, the connection relationship between the modules indicates that there is a communication connection between them, and may be specifically implemented as one or more communication buses or signal lines. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
The embodiments in the above embodiments can be further combined or replaced, and the embodiments are only used for describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the concept and scope of the present invention, and various changes and modifications made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the design idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for detecting a fan blade, the method comprising:
acquiring vibration signal data of the fan blade through a fiber grating sensor, wherein the fiber grating sensor is arranged at two ends of a crossbeam of the fan blade;
acquiring the output power of the fan blade through a rotating speed sensor, wherein the rotating speed sensor is arranged on the fan blade;
when the output power is a first threshold value, analyzing the vibration signal data to obtain a variation curve based on the deformation of the fan blade;
when the change curve is judged to exceed a preset range, determining that the fan blade deforms, and obtaining defect information of the fan blade, wherein the defect position and the defect type of the fan blade are obtained by processing modal parameters of the obtained vibration signal data and comparing the modal parameters with a cantilever beam model which is constructed in advance; the method comprises the following specific implementation steps of:
(1) converting vibration signal data acquired in advance into modal data;
(2) performing model construction on the modal data by using ansys to obtain a cantilever model; the method comprises the following steps of constructing a model of modal data by using ansys, and adding orthotropic material constitutive relation and geometric characteristics of a plate shell theory to the model to obtain a cantilever beam model;
(3) carrying out load analysis on the cantilever beam model, and calculating the deformation of the cantilever beam model; wherein, according to the control equation: calculating the deformation of the cantilever beam model by { F } - [ K ] · { u }, wherein F represents the load of the fan blade, K represents a rigidity matrix, and u represents the deformation;
(4) and comparing the deformation of the cantilever beam model with modal parameters obtained by processing vibration signals acquired from the blades to be detected, and determining the defect position and defect type of the fan blade.
2. The fan blade detection method according to claim 1, wherein the step of analyzing the vibration signal data to obtain a variation curve based on a deformation amount of the fan blade when the output power is a first threshold value comprises:
and when the output power is a first threshold value, analyzing the vibration signal data acquired at the position of each fiber grating sensor to obtain a variation curve of the deformation of the fan blade at the same position based on different time.
3. The fan blade detection method according to claim 1, wherein the step of analyzing the vibration signal data to obtain a variation curve based on a deformation amount of the fan blade when the output power is a first threshold value comprises:
when the output power is a first threshold value, the vibration signal data of a plurality of positions acquired by the fiber bragg grating sensors are analyzed at the same time, and a variation curve of the deformation of the fan blade based on different positions at the same time is obtained.
4. The fan blade detection method according to claim 1, wherein the step of acquiring vibration signal data of the fan blade by the fiber grating sensor comprises:
and measuring the resonant wavelength of the fiber grating sensor by using a fiber grating demodulator, and performing strain conversion to obtain the vibration signal data.
5. A fan blade detection apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
the fan blade vibration detection device comprises a first acquisition unit, a second acquisition unit and a control unit, wherein the first acquisition unit is used for acquiring vibration signal data of a fan blade through a fiber grating sensor, and the fiber grating sensor is arranged at two ends of a girder of the fan blade;
the second acquisition unit is used for acquiring the output power of the fan blade through a rotating speed sensor, wherein the rotating speed sensor is arranged on the fan blade;
the analysis unit is used for analyzing the vibration signal data when the output power is a first threshold value to obtain a variation curve based on the deformation of the fan blade;
the detection unit is used for determining that the fan blade deforms when the change curve exceeds a preset range, acquiring defect information of the fan blade, further processing modal parameters of the acquired vibration signal data, and comparing the modal parameters with a cantilever beam model established in advance to acquire a defect position and a defect type of the fan blade, and the detection unit is specifically used for:
(1) converting vibration signal data acquired in advance into modal data;
(2) performing model construction on the modal data by using ansys to obtain a cantilever model; the method comprises the following steps of constructing a model of modal data by using ansys, and adding orthotropic material constitutive relation and geometric characteristics of a plate shell theory to the model to obtain a cantilever beam model;
(3) carrying out load analysis on the cantilever beam model, and calculating the deformation of the cantilever beam model; wherein, according to the control equation: calculating the deformation of the cantilever beam model by { F } - [ K ] · { u }, wherein F represents the load of the fan blade, K represents a rigidity matrix, and u represents the deformation;
(4) and comparing the deformation of the cantilever beam model with the modal parameter obtained by processing the vibration signal acquired in the blade to be detected, and determining the defect position and the defect type of the fan blade.
6. The fan blade detection apparatus of claim 5, wherein the analysis unit is further configured to:
and when the output power is a first threshold value, analyzing the vibration signal data acquired at the position of each fiber grating sensor to obtain a variation curve of the fan blade deformation based on different time at the same position.
7. The fan blade detection apparatus of claim 5, wherein the analysis unit is further configured to:
when the output power is a first threshold value, the vibration signal data of a plurality of positions acquired by the fiber bragg grating sensors are analyzed at the same time, and a variation curve of the deformation of the fan blade based on different positions at the same time is obtained.
8. The fan blade detection apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the first obtaining unit is further configured to:
and measuring the resonant wavelength of the fiber grating sensor by using a fiber grating demodulator, and performing strain conversion to obtain the vibration signal data.
9. A fan blade detection apparatus comprising a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory, the computer program being executable by the processor to implement a fan blade detection method as claimed in any of claims 1 to 4.
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| CN202110323517.4A CN112796957B (en) | 2021-03-26 | 2021-03-26 | Method, device and equipment for detecting fan blade |
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| CN202110323517.4A CN112796957B (en) | 2021-03-26 | 2021-03-26 | Method, device and equipment for detecting fan blade |
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