CN114459594B - Wind power generation monitoring system based on distributed vibration optical fiber - Google Patents
Wind power generation monitoring system based on distributed vibration optical fiber Download PDFInfo
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003066 decision tree Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000010365 information processing Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
- G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
- G06N20/00—Machine learning
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
- G06N5/00—Computing arrangements using knowledge-based models
- G06N5/01—Dynamic search techniques; Heuristics; Dynamic trees; Branch-and-bound
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2218/00—Aspects of pattern recognition specially adapted for signal processing
- G06F2218/08—Feature extraction
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2218/00—Aspects of pattern recognition specially adapted for signal processing
- G06F2218/12—Classification; Matching
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- Wind Motors (AREA)
- Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a wind power generation monitoring system based on a distributed vibration optical fiber, which is characterized in that the optical fiber is arranged in a fan blade in a production link, and the following method is adopted: (1) The optical fiber signal is understood and called out through the photoelectric conversion part, and the detection length of the optical fiber is obtained by the vibration signal; (2) The fiber breakage judging module judges whether fiber relay occurs according to the vibration signal; (3) The vibration signal is subjected to feature extraction and further sound restoration at the same time, so that environmental sound information features are obtained; the vibration energy characteristics and the environmental sound information characteristics are subjected to characteristic training through a decision tree forest according to application requirements, and effective characteristics are stored into a historical characteristic library; (4) In the running process, the state judgment and output are carried out by carrying out a feature matching algorithm on the history feature library, and reminding is carried out when the state abnormality is detected. The invention detects the occurrence of broken fiber according to the change of the length of the optical fiber, and solves the intelligent monitoring problems of delamination, crack, abrasion and other conditions of the fan blade.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wind power equipment monitoring, and particularly relates to a wind power generation monitoring system based on a distributed vibration optical fiber.
Background
With the popularization of new energy, green energy is increasingly introduced into the field of view of people, especially the present 'carbon peak, carbon neutralization', the application requirement of small and medium green energy is further expanded, wind power generation is used as the green energy which is the same as solar energy, and is generally used as a national project, the requirements are in an open and large-wind environment, but the application scene of the vertical axis wind power generator researched and developed by us is greatly widened, the vertical axis wind power generator can be widely applied to environments such as urban areas, villages and the like, delamination, cracks, abrasion and the like of fan blades are easily caused by frequent application, if the conventional mechanical state monitoring sensor is not found in time, the conventional mechanical state monitoring sensor can not meet the existing requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a wind power generation monitoring system based on a distributed vibration optical fiber, which detects the occurrence of fiber breakage according to the change of the length of the optical fiber and solves the intelligent monitoring problems of delamination, cracks, abrasion and the like of a fan blade.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that: the wind power generation monitoring system based on the distributed vibration optical fiber is characterized in that the optical fiber is arranged in a fan blade in a production link, and the monitoring system works by adopting the following method:
(1) The optical fiber on the fan blade is connected with an information processing module, and the information processing module is used for reading out a vibration signal by the optical fiber signal through the photoelectric conversion part, and acquiring the detection length of the optical fiber from the vibration signal;
(2) The information processing module is connected with the fiber breakage judging module, and the fiber breakage judging module judges whether fiber relay occurs according to the vibration signal;
(3) The vibration signal is subjected to feature extraction and further sound restoration at the same time, so that environmental sound information features are obtained; the vibration energy characteristics and the environmental sound information characteristics are subjected to characteristic training through a decision tree forest according to application requirements, and effective characteristics are stored into a historical characteristic library;
(4) In the running process, the state judgment and output are carried out by carrying out a feature matching algorithm on the history feature library, and reminding is carried out when the state abnormality is detected.
Further, the optical fibers are uniformly and transversely wound in an S shape and then longitudinally wound in an S shape from the bottom of the fan blade through the optical fiber slip ring.
Further, the spacing between two adjacent S-wraps is less than 2cm.
Further, the outer layer of the optical fiber is covered with an environment-friendly material layer.
Further, in the step (3), the feature extraction adopts wavelet transformation and fourier transformation, including time domain intensity and frequency domain frequency.
Further, the monitoring system includes a model management module for supervised learning of the training process.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) According to the invention, the occurrence of fiber breakage is detected according to the change of the length of the optical fiber, and the intelligent monitoring problems of delamination, cracks, abrasion and other conditions of the fan blade are solved;
(2) The invention adopts the external optical fiber as the sensing unit, does not need additional power supply, saves the cost on one hand, has simple structure, is intrinsically safe on the other hand, has high reliability and is simple to maintain;
(3) The optical fiber is built in the early stage of fan blade design, so that the vibration conduction is better than that of the patch;
(4) The invention adopts vibration and sound multiple characteristic detection, the signal acquisition is direct and various, and the reliability is higher;
(5) The monitoring system of the invention continuously expands the identification feature library, and the longer the operation is, the more accurate the identification is;
(6) The invention adopts the distributed vibration optical fiber, and has higher detection precision.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fan blade.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of the distributed vibration fiber based wind power generation monitoring system.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be embodied in other ways than those described herein, and persons skilled in the art will be able to make similar generalizations without departing from the spirit of the invention and therefore the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
The wind power generation monitoring system based on the distributed vibration optical fiber comprises an integrated sensing optical fiber arranged on a fan blade; as shown in fig. 1, optical fibers are arranged on the fan blade, the optical fibers are arranged in the blade in the production link, the optical fibers are uniformly and transversely wound in an S shape and longitudinally wound in an S shape from the bottom of the fan blade through an optical fiber slip ring, the interval between two adjacent S-shaped windings is smaller than 2cm, and an environment-friendly material layer is covered on the outer layer of the optical fibers.
As shown in fig. 2, the wind power generation monitoring system based on the distributed vibration optical fiber adopts the following working procedures:
(1) The optical fiber on the fan blade is connected with the information processing module, the information processing module is used for reading out the vibration signal by the optical fiber signal through the photoelectric conversion part, and the vibration signal can acquire the detection length of the optical fiber;
(2) The information processing module is connected with the fiber breakage judging module, and the fiber breakage judging module judges whether fiber relay occurs according to the vibration signal;
(3) Meanwhile, the vibration signals are subjected to wavelet transformation, fourier transformation and other feature extraction, including vibration energy features such as time domain intensity, frequency domain frequency and the like, and further sound restoration is carried out to obtain environmental sound information features; the vibration energy characteristics and the environmental sound information characteristics are subjected to characteristic training through a decision tree forest according to application requirements, and effective characteristics are stored into a historical characteristic library;
(4) In the running process, the state judgment and output are carried out by carrying out a feature matching algorithm on the history feature library, and reminding is carried out when the state abnormality is detected.
The training process of the monitoring system is supervised learning, a model management module is added, and a user can manage the model.
The structure of the optical fiber tightly fused on the fan blade increases the conductivity of vibration, the fracture of the blade can also cause the fracture of the grid-type optical fiber, the system can detect the occurrence of the broken fiber according to the change of the length of the optical fiber so as to acquire the state of the current blade, the winding mode of the optical fiber which is densely distributed on the blade, the fixation on the blade and the expansion on the area of the blade, the receiving of vibration caused by sound is enhanced, the reduction degree of the sound is enhanced, the working environment scene sound of the wind driven generator can be reduced through the analysis of vibration data, and more characteristic values can be possessed to acquire the current working state of the fan.
The distributed optical fiber vibration detection principle is as follows: the laser module emits a series of laser, and the laser is divided into two paths after passing through the coupler, wherein one path is detection light, and the other path is reference light. The probe light is pulsed and input into the optical fiber under test. The reflected signal light carries the relevant information of the optical fiber to be detected, the detection information at the rear edge of the tail end of the optical fiber is all noise, the other path of reference light is used as local light, the local light and Rayleigh scattering echo are used for carrying out coherent coupling, the coherent light enters a photoelectric detection module, the signals after photoelectric conversion are collected and processed through a collecting system, and finally, further works such as vibration demodulation and the like are completed through a monitoring system.
The above describes in detail a wind power generation monitoring system based on a distributed vibration optical fiber, and specific examples are applied herein to illustrate the principles and embodiments of the present application, where the above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present application; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will have modifications in the specific embodiments and application scope in accordance with the ideas of the present application, the present description should not be construed as limiting the present application in view of the above.
Claims (6)
1. The monitoring method of the wind power generation monitoring system based on the distributed vibration optical fiber is characterized in that the optical fiber is arranged in a fan blade in a production link, and the monitoring method comprises the following steps:
(1) The optical fiber on the fan blade is connected with an information processing module, and the information processing module is used for reading out a vibration signal by the optical fiber signal through the photoelectric conversion part, and acquiring the detection length of the optical fiber from the vibration signal;
(2) The information processing module is connected with the fiber breakage judging module, and the fiber breakage judging module judges whether fiber breakage occurs according to the vibration signal;
(3) The vibration signal is subjected to feature extraction and further sound restoration at the same time, so that environmental sound information features are obtained; the vibration energy characteristics and the environmental sound information characteristics are subjected to characteristic training through a decision tree forest according to application requirements, and effective characteristics are stored into a historical characteristic library;
(4) In the running process, the state judgment and output are carried out by carrying out a feature matching algorithm on the history feature library, and reminding is carried out when the state abnormality is detected.
2. The method for monitoring a distributed vibration optical fiber-based wind power generation monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein: the optical fibers are uniformly and transversely wound in an S shape through the optical fiber slip ring from the bottom of the fan blade and then longitudinally wound in the S shape.
3. The method for monitoring a distributed vibration optical fiber based wind power generation monitoring system according to claim 2, wherein: the interval between two adjacent S-shaped windings is less than 2cm.
4. The method for monitoring a distributed vibration optical fiber based wind power generation monitoring system according to claim 2, wherein: and covering the outer layer of the optical fiber with an environment-friendly material layer.
5. The method for monitoring a distributed vibration optical fiber-based wind power generation monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein: and (3) extracting features by wavelet transformation and Fourier transformation, wherein the wavelet transformation and Fourier transformation comprise time domain intensity and frequency domain frequency.
6. The method for monitoring a distributed vibration optical fiber-based wind power generation monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein: the monitoring system comprises a model management module, wherein the model management module is used for supervised learning in a training process.
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| CN202210087587.9A CN114459594B (en) | 2022-01-25 | 2022-01-25 | Wind power generation monitoring system based on distributed vibration optical fiber |
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