CN112796875A - 一种氢汽油双燃料分层燃烧转子机及其控制方法 - Google Patents

一种氢汽油双燃料分层燃烧转子机及其控制方法 Download PDF

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CN112796875A
CN112796875A CN202011626498.4A CN202011626498A CN112796875A CN 112796875 A CN112796875 A CN 112796875A CN 202011626498 A CN202011626498 A CN 202011626498A CN 112796875 A CN112796875 A CN 112796875A
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纪常伟
常珂
汪硕峰
杨金鑫
杨振宇
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Abstract

本发明设计了一种氢汽油双燃料分层燃烧转子机及其控制方法，具体涉及一种根据转子发动机转速信号调控氢气和汽油喷射策略的分层燃烧控制方法。本装置主要以转子发动机转速传感器(7)输出信号为控制依据，判断转子发动机的运转转速区间，并结合氢气及汽油缸内直喷喷嘴合理调控喷射策略，在提高进气效率的同时实现转子发动机双燃料分层燃烧，有效改善燃烧过程并兼具降低排放的效果，实现低油耗、低排放转子发动机的应用。

Description

一种氢汽油双燃料分层燃烧转子机及其控制方法
技术领域
本发明设计了一种氢汽油双燃料分层燃烧转子机及其控制方法，具体涉及一种根据转子发动机转速信号调控氢气和汽油喷射策略的分层燃烧控制方法，属于内燃机领域。
背景技术
随着排放法规的日益严格，人们对于多种驱动形式汽车的研究日益深入，转子发动机作为一种不同于传统内燃的驱动机械逐渐走进人们的视野。转子发动机具有结构简单、体积小、重量轻、功重比大、动力密度高等优点，适合作为动力源为汽车提供动力，然而转子发动机由于其狭长的燃烧室结构导致燃烧室尾部燃料无法完全燃烧，从而导致燃烧效率低、排放高等问题。
氢气作为清洁燃料自身不含碳元素，作为掺混燃料可以有效降低HC、CO的生成，并且氢气拥有较短的淬熄距离、宽泛的燃烧极限，很适合在转子机中燃烧。与此同时，将分层燃烧技术应用于转子发动机可以有效解决燃烧室尾部燃料无法充分燃烧的问题。氢气与分层燃烧技术的结合弥补了转子发动机自身不足，在提高进气效率的同时改善燃烧过程，可以实现高动力输出、低排放的转子发动机的应用。
基于转子发动机自身存在的问题以及氢气燃料和分层燃烧技术的特点，本发明提出一种氢汽油双燃料分层燃烧转子机及其控制方法，在提高进气效率的同时实现转子发动机双燃料分层燃烧，有效改善燃烧过程并兼具降低排放的效果，实现了低油耗、低排放转子发动机的应用。
发明内容
为了改善转子发动机的燃烧过程并降低尾气污染物含量，本申请提供了一种氢汽油双燃料分层燃烧转子机及其控制方法，具体涉及一种根据转子发动机转速信号调控氢气和汽油喷射策略的分层燃烧控制方法，包括：氢气喷射管路P1，其上依次有：氢气储存罐1、氢气减压阀2、氢气流量调节器3、阻燃阀4、氢气喷嘴5；火花塞6；转速传感器7；汽油喷射管路P2，其上依次有：汽油喷嘴8、汽油流量调节器9、汽油油泵10、汽油滤清器 11、汽油油箱12；进气管路P3，其上依次有：空气滤清器13、节气门S1；排气道14；ECU15 接收转速信号f，并控制氢气喷射信号a，氢气供给流量信号b，节气门开度信号c，汽油供给流量信号d，汽油喷射信号e，火花塞点火信号g。
根据ECU15的控制，在氢气喷射管路P1中，氢气经由氢气储存罐1、氢气减压阀2、氢气流量调节器3、阻燃阀4、氢气喷嘴5喷入气缸；在汽油喷射管路P2中，汽油在接收 ECU15发出的汽油供给流量信号d后经由汽油油箱12、汽油滤清器11、汽油油泵10、汽油流量调节器9、汽油喷嘴8喷入气缸内；新鲜空气经由进气管路P3依次通过空气滤清器 13、节气门S1进入气缸；通过ECU15控制的燃料喷入气缸后与新鲜空气混合，经由火花塞6引燃后做功输出，燃烧尾气通过排气道14排入大气。
氢汽油双燃料分层燃烧转子发动机包括以下控制过程：
转子发动机ECU15接收转速传感器7的转速n信号：
当0≤n＜2000rpm，采用纯氢气驱动转子发动机运转，关闭汽油喷嘴8，使喷入燃烧室内的汽油流量为0；此时ECU15输出氢气喷射信号a，氢气燃料经氢气喷射管路P1，从氢气喷嘴5喷入气缸内，ECU15控制氢气喷射结束时刻为火花塞6点火时刻，氢气喷射持续角度为50°偏心轴转角；同时ECU15发出节气门S1开度信号c，调节节气门S1开度，火花塞6在接收ECU15发送的火花塞点火信号g后点燃缸内混合气，实现纯氢气运转。
当2000≤n＜5000rpm，采用氢气与汽油双燃料喷射策略，此时ECU15输出氢气喷射信号a，氢气燃料经氢气喷射管路P1，从氢气喷嘴5喷入气缸内，ECU15控制氢气喷射结束时刻为火花塞6点火时刻，氢气喷射持续角度为30°偏心轴转角；同时ECU15发出汽油喷射信号e，汽油经汽油喷射管路P2，从汽油喷嘴8喷入气缸内，ECU15发出节气门S1 开度信号c，调节节气门S1开度，火花塞6在接收ECU15发送的火花塞点火信号g后点燃缸内混合气，实现氢气、汽油双燃料分层燃烧。
当5000≤n＜8000rpm，为保证动力输出提高汽油喷射量，ECU15控制氢气喷射结束时刻为火花塞6点火时刻，氢气喷射持续角度为15°偏心轴转角；同时ECU15发出汽油喷射信号e，汽油经汽油喷射管路P2，从汽油喷嘴8喷入气缸内，ECU15发出节气门S1开度信号c，调节节气门S1开度，火花塞6在接收ECU15发送的火花塞点火信号g后点燃缸内混合气。
当n≥8000rpm，此时为高速转速，转子机热负荷过高，ECU15发出信号，停止燃料与空气供给，同时ECU15停止发出火花塞点火信号g，使转子发动机停止工作。
在转子机运转的整个过程中，始终保持当量比φ＝1，当量比φ为燃料完全燃烧所需空气量与实际供给空气量之比。
本发明的有益效果主要是：利用氢气燃料拥有较短的淬熄距离、宽泛的燃烧极限，适合在转子发动机中燃烧的特性，结合分层燃烧技术有利于提高充气系数、降低油耗的特点，本发明将氢气和汽油同时作为转子发动机燃料，在缸内不同位置分别布置了氢气与汽油喷嘴，通过合理调控氢气和汽油喷射策略组织转子机缸内双燃料分层燃烧，解决了转子机自身存在的相关问题，实现转子发动机双燃料分层燃烧，有效改善燃烧过程并兼具降低排放的效果。
附图说明
图1.本发明的结构工作原理图
图中：氢气喷射管路P1：氢气储存罐1、氢气减压阀2、氢气流量调节器3、阻燃阀4、氢气喷嘴5；火花塞6；转速传感器7；汽油喷射管路P2：汽油喷嘴8、汽油流量调节器9、汽油油泵10、汽油滤清器11、汽油油箱12；进气管路P3：空气滤清器13、节气门S1；排气道14。
图2是本发明局部结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对于本发明做进一步的说明：
包括：本装置转子发动机缸体上安装有氢气喷嘴5、火花塞6、汽油喷嘴8等部件，其中汽油喷射压力维持在14MPa±0.5MPa，汽油喷嘴8放置在转子发动机长轴右端，与长轴方向夹角为40°，此汽油喷嘴夹角可保证汽油燃料喷射后朝向火花塞区域扩散，有利于在火花塞附近形成分层混合气；氢气燃料喷射压力维持在5MPa±0.5MPa，氢气喷嘴放置在火花塞左侧临近短轴处，与短轴方向夹角为50°，此放置方式可保证氢气燃料喷射后集中分布在火花塞区域，便于火花塞点火引燃氢气。转子发动机ECU15接收转速传感器7 的转速n信号：
当0≤n＜2000rpm，采用纯氢气驱动转子发动机运转，关闭汽油喷嘴8，使喷入燃烧室内的汽油流量为0；此时ECU15输出氢气喷射信号a，氢气燃料经氢气喷射管路P1，从氢气喷嘴5喷入气缸内，ECU15控制氢气喷射结束时刻为火花塞6点火时刻，氢气喷射持续角度为50°偏心轴转角；同时ECU15发出节气门S1开度信号c，调节节气门S1开度，火花塞6在接收ECU15发送的火花塞点火信号g后点燃缸内混合气，实现纯氢气运转。
当2000≤n＜5000rpm，采用氢气与汽油双燃料喷射策略，此时ECU15输出氢气喷射信号a，氢气燃料经氢气喷射管路P1，从氢气喷嘴5喷入气缸内，ECU15控制氢气喷射结束时刻为火花塞6点火时刻，氢气喷射持续角度为30°偏心轴转角；同时ECU15发出汽油喷射信号e，汽油经汽油喷射管路P2，从汽油喷嘴8喷入气缸内，ECU15发出节气门S1 开度信号c，调节节气门S1开度，火花塞6在接收ECU15发送的火花塞点火信号g后点燃缸内混合气，实现氢气、汽油双燃料分层燃烧。
当5000≤n＜8000rpm，为保证动力输出提高汽油喷射量，ECU15控制氢气喷射结束时刻为火花塞6点火时刻，氢气喷射持续角度为15°偏心轴转角；同时ECU15发出汽油喷射信号e，汽油经汽油喷射管路P2，从汽油喷嘴8喷入气缸内，ECU15发出节气门S1开度信号c，调节节气门S1开度，火花塞6在接收ECU15发送的火花塞点火信号g后点燃缸内混合气。
当n≥8000rpm，此时为高速转速，转子机热负荷过高，ECU15发出信号，停止燃料与空气供给，同时ECU15停止发出火花塞点火信号g，使转子发动机停止工作。
在转子机运转的整个过程中，始终保持当量比φ＝1，当量比φ为燃料完全燃烧所需空气量与实际供给空气量之比。

Claims (2)

1.一种氢汽油双燃料分层燃烧转子机，其特征在于，包括：氢气喷射管路(P1)，其上依次有：氢气储存罐(1)、氢气减压阀(2)、氢气流量调节器(3)、阻燃阀(4)、氢气喷嘴(5)；火花塞(6)；转速传感器(7)；汽油喷射管路(P2)，其上依次有：汽油喷嘴(8)、汽油流量调节器(9)、汽油油泵(10)、汽油滤清器(11)、汽油油箱(12)；进气管路(P3)，其上依次有：空气滤清器(13)、节气门(S1)；排气道(14)；ECU(15)接收转速信号f，并控制氢气喷射信号a，氢气供给流量信号b，节气门开度信号c，汽油供给流量信号d，汽油喷射信号e，火花塞点火信号g。
2.控制如权利要求1所述转子机的控制方法，其特征在于：
转子发动机缸体上安装有氢气喷嘴(5)、火花塞(6)、汽油喷嘴(8)，其中汽油喷射压力维持在14MPa±0.5MPa，汽油喷嘴(8)放置在转子发动机长轴右端，与长轴方向夹角为40°，此汽油喷嘴夹角保证汽油燃料喷射后朝向火花塞区域扩散，有利于在火花塞附近形成分层混合气；氢气燃料喷射压力维持在5MPa±0.5MPa，氢气喷嘴放置在火花塞左侧临近短轴处，与短轴方向夹角为50°，此放置方式保证氢气燃料喷射后集中分布在火花塞区域，便于火花塞点火引燃氢气；
转子发动机ECU(15)接收转速传感器(7)的转速n信号；
当0≤n＜2000rpm，采用纯氢气驱动转子发动机运转，关闭汽油喷嘴(8)，使喷入燃烧室内的汽油流量为0；此时ECU(15)输出氢气喷射信号a，氢气燃料经氢气喷射管路(P1)，从氢气喷嘴(5)喷入气缸内，ECU(15)控制氢气喷射结束时刻为火花塞(6)点火时刻，氢气喷射持续角度为50°偏心轴转角；同时ECU(15)发出节气门(S1)开度信号c，调节节气门(S1)开度，火花塞(6)在接收ECU(15)发送的火花塞点火信号g后点燃缸内混合气，实现纯氢气运转；
当2000≤n＜5000rpm，采用氢气与汽油双燃料喷射策略，此时ECU(15)输出氢气喷射信号a，氢气燃料经氢气喷射管路(P1)，从氢气喷嘴(5)喷入气缸内，ECU(15)控制氢气喷射结束时刻为火花塞(6)点火时刻，氢气喷射持续角度为30°偏心轴转角；同时ECU(15)发出汽油喷射信号e，汽油经汽油喷射管路(P2)，从汽油喷嘴(8)喷入气缸内，ECU(15)发出节气门(S1)开度信号c，调节节气门(S1)开度，火花塞(6)在接收ECU(15)发送的火花塞点火信号g后点燃缸内混合气，实现氢气、汽油双燃料分层燃烧；
当5000≤n＜8000rpm，为保证动力输出提高汽油喷射量，ECU(15)控制氢气喷射结束时刻为火花塞(6)点火时刻，氢气喷射持续角度为15°偏心轴转角；同时ECU(15)发出汽油喷射信号e，汽油经汽油喷射管路(P2)，从汽油喷嘴(8)喷入气缸内，ECU(15)发出节气门(S1)开度信号c，调节节气门(S1)开度，火花塞(6)在接收ECU(15)发送的火花塞点火信号g后点燃缸内混合气；
当n≥8000rpm，ECU(15)发出信号，停止燃料与空气供给，同时ECU(15)停止发出火花塞点火信号g，使转子发动机停止工作；
在转子机运转的整个过程中，始终保持当量比φ＝1，当量比φ为燃料完全燃烧所需空气量与实际供给空气量之比。
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