CN112796708A - Oil-based drilling cutting treatment device and method - Google Patents

Oil-based drilling cutting treatment device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112796708A
CN112796708A CN202110127048.9A CN202110127048A CN112796708A CN 112796708 A CN112796708 A CN 112796708A CN 202110127048 A CN202110127048 A CN 202110127048A CN 112796708 A CN112796708 A CN 112796708A
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oil
combustion
unit
air
gas
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李磊
李树
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BEIJING SHENZHOU ZHUOYUE PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD.
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李磊
李树
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B41/00Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
    • E21B41/005Waste disposal systems
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28BSTEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B9/00Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices
    • F28B9/04Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices for feeding, collecting, and storing cooling water or other cooling liquid
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1003Waste materials

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an oil-based drilling cutting processing device and a method, wherein the oil-based drilling cutting processing device comprises: a pyrolysis unit for thermal desorption of the oil-based drill cuttings; the condensation unit is used for condensing oil gas generated by the thermal desorption; and strong brine obtained after reverse osmosis treatment of the reverse drainage is used as a cold source of the condensation unit. The oil-based drill cutting processing method is characterized by comprising the following steps: step 1): carrying out thermal desorption on the oil-based drilling cuttings to obtain oil gas; step 2): and condensing the oil gas by using strong brine obtained after reverse drainage is subjected to reverse osmosis treatment as a cold source to obtain oil. The strong brine obtained after the back liquid discharge treatment is used as a cold source of the condensation unit, so that the strong brine is heated while oil gas generated by thermal desorption is condensed to form crystallized salt, the cost of subsequent treatment of the strong brine is reduced, and the energy consumption is reduced.

Description

Oil-based drilling cutting treatment device and method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum drilling, and particularly relates to an oil-based drilling cutting treatment device and method.
Background
In the petroleum industry, well drilling is an indispensable link for producing petroleum, wherein oil-based drilling fluid is a stable colloid system which takes oil (diesel oil or white oil) as a continuous phase and water as a disperse phase and contains a proper amount of emulsifier, wetting agent, oleophilic colloid, weighting agent and the like, and has the characteristics of safety, strong inhibition, good lubricity, high drilling speed and the like, so that the oil-based drilling fluid is widely used for drilling in horizontal sections of shale (oil) gas wells, special complex wells and the like, and a large amount of oil-containing drill cuttings generated in the drilling process, namely oil-based drill cuttings contain a large amount of mineral oil and the additive, and belong to dangerous solid wastes. If not properly disposed of, on the one hand, it can cause serious harm to the surrounding environment and, on the other hand, waste a large amount of mineral oil resources. The treatment of oil-based drill cuttings is typically carried out by thermal desorption.
Meanwhile, in the process of petroleum drilling, a large amount of back-drainage liquid is generated, wherein the salt content of the back-drainage liquid is high, after RO reverse osmosis treatment, the salt content of the obtained strong brine can reach about 6-10%, and if the strong brine is dried to obtain crystallized salt, in the prior art, the strong brine obtained by reverse osmosis is directly sent into a climbing film evaporator to be continuously concentrated, and then, heat energy is utilized for crystallization, so that the energy consumption consumed by the treatment process is high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an oil-based drilling cutting processing device and method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
an oil-based cuttings processing apparatus comprising:
a pyrolysis unit for thermal desorption of the oil-based drill cuttings; the condensation unit is used for condensing oil gas generated by the thermal desorption;
and strong brine obtained after reverse osmosis treatment of the reverse drainage is used as a cold source of the condensation unit.
In the above oil-based drill cutting treatment apparatus, as a preferred embodiment, the salt content of the concentrated brine is 6 to 10 wt.%.
In the above oil-based drill cutting treatment device, as a preferred embodiment, the oil-based drill cutting treatment device further comprises a combustion unit, and the hot gas generated by the combustion unit can be used as a heat source for the thermal desorption in the pyrolysis unit.
In the above oil-based drill cutting treatment apparatus, as a preferred embodiment, the combustion unit is a combustion furnace.
In the above oil-based drill cutting treatment device, as a preferred embodiment, the condensation unit includes a condenser, an oil gas inlet of the condenser is connected to an oil gas outlet of the pyrolysis unit, and the strong brine is used as a cold source of the condenser to condense oil gas entering the condenser from the pyrolysis unit.
In the above oil-based drill cutting treatment device, as a preferred embodiment, the condensing unit further includes a first air exchanger, an oil-gas inlet of the first air exchanger is connected to an oil-gas outlet of the pyrolysis unit, and an oil-gas outlet of the first air exchanger is connected to an oil-gas inlet of the condenser; the cold medium of the first air exchanger is air and is used for condensing the oil gas entering the first air exchanger; the oil gas firstly enters the first air exchanger for heat exchange and then enters the condenser for condensation.
In the above oil-based drill cutting treatment device, as a preferred embodiment, the air outlet of the first air exchanger is connected to the combustion unit, and the air flowing out of the first air exchanger enters the combustion unit to participate in the combustion reaction.
In the oil-based drill cuttings processing apparatus, as a preferred embodiment, the oil-based drill cuttings processing apparatus further includes a combustion tail gas processing unit, the combustion tail gas is the hot gas which is subjected to heat exchange with the pyrolysis unit, and the temperature of the combustion tail gas is 300-.
In the oil-based drill cuttings processing device, as a preferred embodiment, the combustion tail gas processing unit comprises a second air exchanger, and a combustion tail gas inlet of the second air exchanger is connected with a combustion tail gas outlet of the pyrolysis unit; and the combustion tail gas enters the second air exchanger to exchange heat with air.
In the above oil-based drill cutting treatment device, as a preferred embodiment, the air outlet of the second air exchanger is connected to the combustion unit, and the air flowing out of the second air exchanger enters the combustion unit to participate in the combustion reaction.
In the above oil-based drill cutting treatment apparatus, as a preferred embodiment, the air outlet of the second air exchanger is connected to the air inlet of the first air exchanger.
In the above oil-based drill cutting treatment device, as a preferred embodiment, the combustion tail gas treatment unit further includes a heat exchanger, and a combustion tail gas inlet of the heat exchanger is connected to a combustion tail gas outlet of the second air exchanger; and the combustion tail gas subjected to heat exchange by the second air exchanger enters the heat exchanger for cooling, and a cold source of the heat exchanger is the strong brine.
In the above oil-based drill cutting treatment device, as a preferred embodiment, the oil-based drill cutting treatment device further comprises a drying unit, and the concentrated brine outlet of the condenser is connected with the inlet of the drying unit; the drying unit is used for drying the strong brine flowing out of the condenser so as to form crystallized salt.
In the oil-based drill cutting processing device, as a preferred embodiment, the strong brine outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the drying unit; the drying unit is used for drying the strong brine flowing out of the cooler so as to form crystallized salt.
In the above oil-based drill cutting treatment device, as a preferred embodiment, the concentrated brine outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the concentrated brine inlet of the condenser, and the concentrated brine treated by the heat exchanger can be used as a cold source of the condenser.
In the above oil-based drill cutting treatment apparatus, as a preferred embodiment, the drying unit is a multi-effect drying tower.
A method of oil-based drill cuttings treatment, the method comprising:
step 1): carrying out thermal desorption on the oil-based drilling cuttings to obtain oil gas;
step 2): and condensing the oil gas by using strong brine obtained after reverse drainage is subjected to reverse osmosis treatment as a cold source to obtain oil.
In the above oil-based drill cutting treatment method, as a preferred embodiment, the oil gas is air-cooled before the condensation.
In the above oil-based drill cutting treatment method, as a preferred embodiment, the air for cooling the oil gas is heated by the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the equipment for performing thermal desorption.
In the oil-based drilling cutting treatment method, as a preferred embodiment, the air for cooling the oil gas enters a combustion unit for combustion; the heat source for thermal desorption is provided by the combustion unit.
In the above oil-based drill cutting treatment method, as a preferred embodiment, the combustion exhaust gas and the strong brine obtained after the reverse osmosis treatment of the reverse drainage are subjected to heat exchange to heat the strong brine.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) compared with the traditional mode that water is directly sprayed with hot oil gas, oil-water separation is carried out, water is cooled and then recycled, and wastewater is treated regularly, the invention innovatively adopts the condensing unit to condense the oil gas generated by thermal desorption, and introduces strong brine generated by reverse drainage treatment into a thermal desorption heat energy utilization system, so that the process is simple and convenient, the cost is reduced, the quality of the obtained oil is high, the oil can be directly used, and the treatment device and the treatment method do not generate sewage, and have low energy consumption and little pollution.
(2) The strong brine obtained after the back-drainage treatment is used as a cold source of the condensation unit, so that the strong brine is heated while oil gas generated by thermal desorption is condensed, the cost of subsequent treatment of the strong brine is reduced, and the energy consumption is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the oil-based cuttings conditioning apparatus of the present invention;
wherein, 1 is a combustion furnace, 2 is a pyrolysis furnace, 3 is a condenser, 4 is a first air exchanger, 5 is a second air exchanger, 6 is a heat exchanger, and 7 is a multi-effect drying tower.
Detailed Description
In order to highlight the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are presented by way of illustration of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments listed below, and includes any combination of the specific embodiments.
Example 1:
the present invention provides an oil-based drill cutting treatment apparatus, including:
the combustion furnace 1, for example, the energy source such as natural gas is combusted in the combustion furnace 1 to generate heat, and the temperature of hot gas (i.e. combustion tail gas after passing through the pyrolysis furnace 2) generated by the combustion furnace 1 is 300-;
the pyrolysis furnace 2 is connected with the combustion furnace 1, hot gas generated in the combustion furnace 1 is used as a heat source, oil-based drilling cuttings generated in the drilling process are subjected to thermal desorption (the temperature of the thermal desorption furnace is 330-400 ℃) in the pyrolysis furnace 2 to generate hot oil gas, and the temperature of the hot oil gas can reach about 330 ℃;
hot oil gas generated by the pyrolysis furnace 2 enters the condenser 3, a cold source of the condenser 3 is strong brine obtained after reverse drainage is subjected to reverse osmosis treatment, and after the strong brine is condensed, oil content in the hot oil gas is condensed into oil, so that the oil content is simply and conveniently recovered; preferably, a first air exchanger 4 is further arranged between the pyrolysis furnace 2 and the condenser 3, an oil gas inlet of the first air exchanger 4 is connected with an oil gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace 2, an oil gas outlet of the first air exchanger 4 is connected with an oil gas inlet of the condenser 3, hot oil gas firstly enters the first air exchanger 4, the temperature of the hot oil gas is reduced to 280-300 ℃ under the action of cold medium air in the first air exchanger 4, at the moment, a part of oil is condensed into oil, and then, the cooled oil gas enters the condenser 3 for further condensation, so that the oil is recovered again. The oil gas condensed by the condenser 3 enters the combustion furnace 1 to participate in combustion; preferably, the first air exchanger 4 is connected to the combustion furnace 1, and air passing through the first air exchanger 4 and heat-exchanged hot oil gas enters the combustion furnace 1 to participate in combustion. Meanwhile, after the strong brine exchanges heat with the first air exchanger 4 and the condenser 3, the temperature of the strong brine is increased, and the temperature of the strong brine from the condenser 3 is increased to 55-65 ℃ from the initial temperature of 23-28 ℃.
The oil-based drilling cutting processing device further comprises a combustion tail gas processing unit, wherein the combustion tail gas processing unit comprises a second air exchanger 5 and a heat exchanger 6, a combustion tail gas inlet of the second air exchanger 5 is connected with a combustion tail gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace 2, and a combustion tail gas outlet of the second air exchanger 5 is connected with a combustion tail gas inlet of the heat exchanger 6, specifically, after the combustion tail gas generated by the combustion furnace 1 is subjected to heat exchange in the pyrolysis furnace 2, the temperature can be about 300 ℃, the combustion tail gas enters the second air exchanger 5 to be cooled under the action of cold medium air and then enters the heat exchanger 6, wherein a cold source of the heat exchanger 6 is preferably strong brine obtained after reverse osmosis treatment of reverse drainage liquid, and after the strong brine passes through the heat exchanger 6, the temperature of the strong brine is increased through heat exchange; the air outlet of the second air exchanger 5 is connected with the air inlet of the combustion furnace 1, and the air after heat exchange with the combustion tail gas in the second air exchanger 5 enters the combustion furnace 1 to participate in combustion;
preferably, the first air exchanger 4 is connected with the second air exchanger 5, the air is firstly subjected to heat exchange in the second air exchanger 5, and the temperature of the air after the heat exchange is about 100 ℃; then enters a first air exchanger 4 to exchange heat with hot oil gas, and the temperature of the air after heat exchange is about 160 ℃; after which air enters the furnace 1 to participate in the combustion.
The oil-based drilling cutting processing device also comprises a drying unit for drying the strong brine processed by the condenser 3 and the heat exchanger 6, wherein the drying unit is preferably a multi-effect drying tower 7, and crystallized salt is formed after the drying unit passes through the multi-effect drying tower 7. Mixing the concentrated brine processed by the condenser 3 with the concentrated brine processed by the heat exchanger 6 (as shown in figure 1), and drying in a multi-effect drying tower 7; preferably, the concentrated brine processed by the heat exchanger 6 enters the condenser 3 and then enters the multi-effect drying tower 7 for crystallization and salt formation. The concentrated brine entering the multi-effect drying tower 7 only needs to meet the requirements of the multi-effect drying tower 7, and the concentrations of the concentrated brine processed by the condenser 3 and the concentrated brine processed by the heat exchanger 6 can be realized by adjusting the proportion of a cold source and a heat source entering the condenser 3 and the heat exchanger 6, the contact area of the cold source and the heat source and the like. .
The foregoing embodiments illustrate the principles, principal features and advantages of the invention, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the scope of the principles of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. An oil-based cuttings processing apparatus, comprising:
a pyrolysis unit for thermal desorption of the oil-based drill cuttings; the condensation unit is used for condensing oil gas generated by the thermal desorption;
and strong brine obtained after reverse osmosis treatment of the reverse drainage is used as a cold source of the condensation unit.
2. The oil-based drill cuttings treatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein the salt content of the concentrated brine is 6-10 wt.%.
3. The oil-based drill cuttings processing apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a combustion unit, wherein hot gas generated by the combustion unit is usable for the heat source of the thermal desorption in the pyrolysis unit;
preferably, the combustion unit is a combustion furnace.
4. The oil-based drill cutting treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the condensation unit comprises a condenser, an oil gas inlet of the condenser is connected with an oil gas outlet of the pyrolysis unit, and the strong brine is used as a cold source of the condenser to condense oil gas entering the condenser from the pyrolysis unit;
preferably, the condensing unit further comprises a first air exchanger, an oil-gas inlet of the first air exchanger is connected with an oil-gas outlet of the pyrolysis unit, and an oil-gas outlet of the first air exchanger is connected with an oil-gas inlet of the condenser; the cold medium of the first air exchanger is air and is used for condensing the oil gas entering the first air exchanger; the oil gas firstly enters the first air exchanger for heat exchange and then enters the condenser for condensation;
preferably, the air outlet of the first air exchanger is connected with the combustion unit, and the air flowing out of the first air exchanger enters the combustion unit to participate in combustion reaction.
5. The oil-based drill cutting processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the oil-based drill cutting processing device further comprises a combustion tail gas processing unit, the combustion tail gas is the hot gas which is subjected to heat exchange with the pyrolysis unit, and the temperature of the combustion tail gas is 300-500 ℃.
6. The oil-based drill cuttings processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the combustion off-gas processing unit comprises a second air exchanger, a combustion off-gas inlet of the second air exchanger being connected to a combustion off-gas outlet of the pyrolysis unit; the combustion tail gas enters the second air exchanger to exchange heat with air;
preferably, an air outlet of the second air exchanger is connected with the combustion unit, and air flowing out of the second air exchanger enters the combustion unit to participate in combustion reaction;
preferably, the air outlet of the second air exchanger is connected with the air inlet of the first air exchanger;
preferably, the combustion tail gas treatment unit further comprises a heat exchanger, and a combustion tail gas inlet of the heat exchanger is connected with a combustion tail gas outlet of the second air exchanger; and the combustion tail gas subjected to heat exchange by the second air exchanger enters the heat exchanger for cooling, and a cold source of the heat exchanger is the strong brine.
7. The oil-based drill cutting treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a drying unit, wherein the concentrated brine outlet of the condenser is connected to an inlet of the drying unit; the drying unit is used for drying the strong brine flowing out of the condenser so as to form crystallized salt;
preferably, the drying unit is a multi-effect drying tower.
8. The oil-based drill cuttings disposal apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a concentrated brine outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to an inlet of the drying unit; the drying unit is used for drying the strong brine flowing out of the cooler so as to form crystallized salt;
preferably, a strong brine outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with a strong brine inlet of the condenser, and strong brine processed by the heat exchanger can be used as a cold source of the condenser.
9. A method of treating oil-based drill cuttings, the method comprising:
step 1): carrying out thermal desorption on the oil-based drilling cuttings to obtain oil gas;
step 2): and condensing the oil gas by using strong brine obtained after reverse drainage is subjected to reverse osmosis treatment as a cold source to obtain oil.
10. The oil-based drill cuttings treatment method of claim 9, wherein the oil and gas are air cooled prior to the condensing;
preferably, the air used for cooling the oil gas is heated by combustion tail gas discharged by the equipment for completing thermal desorption;
preferably, the air for cooling the oil gas enters a combustion unit for combustion; the heat source for thermal desorption is provided by the combustion unit.
Preferably, the combustion tail gas and the strong brine obtained after reverse osmosis treatment of the reverse discharge liquid exchange heat to heat the strong brine.
CN202110127048.9A 2021-01-29 2021-01-29 Oil-based drilling cutting treatment device and method Pending CN112796708A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110127048.9A CN112796708A (en) 2021-01-29 2021-01-29 Oil-based drilling cutting treatment device and method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110127048.9A CN112796708A (en) 2021-01-29 2021-01-29 Oil-based drilling cutting treatment device and method

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN112796708A true CN112796708A (en) 2021-05-14

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202110127048.9A Pending CN112796708A (en) 2021-01-29 2021-01-29 Oil-based drilling cutting treatment device and method

Country Status (1)

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CN (1) CN112796708A (en)

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