CN112795809A - Processing method of tin-phosphor bronze miniature square rod - Google Patents

Processing method of tin-phosphor bronze miniature square rod Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN112795809A
CN112795809A CN202011481982.2A CN202011481982A CN112795809A CN 112795809 A CN112795809 A CN 112795809A CN 202011481982 A CN202011481982 A CN 202011481982A CN 112795809 A CN112795809 A CN 112795809A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
tin
processing
square rod
ingot
steps
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202011481982.2A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘帅良
刘慧选
鲍龙君
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hebei Outong None Ferrous Metal Products Co ltd
Original Assignee
Hebei Outong None Ferrous Metal Products Co ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hebei Outong None Ferrous Metal Products Co ltd filed Critical Hebei Outong None Ferrous Metal Products Co ltd
Priority to CN202011481982.2A priority Critical patent/CN112795809A/en
Publication of CN112795809A publication Critical patent/CN112795809A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C9/00Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/02Alloys based on copper with tin as the next major constituent
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21CMANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/04Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire
    • B21C37/045Manufacture of wire or bars with particular section or properties
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D7/00Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
    • B22D7/005Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals from non-ferrous metals

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a processing method of a micro square bar of tin-phosphor bronze, belonging to the technical field of bronze processing, comprising the steps of adding 7.6-8.0% of tin, 0.2-0.24% of phosphor and the balance of electrolytic copper with the purity of 99.995% into a melting furnace to prepare alloy liquid; pouring the alloy liquid into a mold to prepare an ingot; heating the cast ingot to a certain temperature, and then carrying out hot extrusion; cooling and carrying out solution treatment on the cast ingot after the hot extrusion to obtain a blank; cutting the blank and making a head to obtain a square rod; the invention improves various performances of the material through solid solution cooling and subsequent diffusion annealing treatment, bases on subsequent cold drawing, reduces the possibility of cracks, scar spots and cracking, adopts cold drawing to obtain the miniature square rod, has higher strength and hardness than other processing modes, improves the processing yield along with temperature control and aging treatment, and has good quality of the prepared square rod.

Description

Processing method of tin-phosphor bronze miniature square rod
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bronze processing, in particular to a processing method of a micro square bar of tin-phosphor bronze.
Background
Tin is the most scarce variety of ten nonferrous metals and also is a few nonferrous metal resources with pricing capacity, with the continuous improvement of the exploitation degree of tin resources, the reserve of tin is obviously reduced, the problem of shortage of tin ore resources in China is also present, and the market price is high. The tin-phosphor bronze Cu-Sn alloy can obtain better mechanical property through the action of Sn-P elements and cold work hardening, has the characteristics of excellent elastic property, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and no magnetism, and is an elastic material with the largest using amount and the widest application on a copper-based elastic alloy material.
The tin bronze has the advantages of high elasticity, wear resistance, diamagnetism, good corrosion resistance and easy welding, and is widely applied to the electronic information industry. In recent years, with the technical development of electronic information industry in China, various electronic information devices are developed towards miniaturization, long service life and the like, and as the integration level and the signal transmission speed of elements are increased rapidly, the basic components for electronic product connectors tend to be thinner, smaller and integrated, so that the requirements on the size thickness, the precision, the plate shape, the surface quality, the internal structure, the mechanical property and the like of tin bronze products are higher and higher. Because the tin bronze alloy is easy to generate inverse segregation, cracks, cold rolling work hardening and the like during manufacturing, the yield is not high, and the production is difficult.
Based on the above, the invention designs a processing method of a micro square rod of tin-phosphor bronze to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for processing a micro square bar of tin-phosphor bronze, which aims to solve the problems that the yield is not high and the production is difficult because reverse segregation, cracks, cold rolling work hardening and the like are easy to generate during the manufacturing of the tin bronze alloy proposed in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a processing method of a tin-phosphor bronze miniature square rod comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 7.6-8.0% of tin, 0.2-0.24% of phosphorus and the balance of electrolytic copper with the purity of 99.995% into a melting furnace to prepare an alloy liquid;
s2, pouring the alloy liquid into a mould to prepare a cast ingot;
s3, heating the cast ingot to a certain temperature, and then carrying out hot extrusion;
s4, cooling and carrying out solution treatment on the cast ingot after hot extrusion to obtain a blank;
s5, cutting and heading the blank to obtain a square bar;
and S6, cold drawing the square bar, and carrying out aging treatment to obtain the miniature square bar.
Preferably, the melting furnace is a power frequency induction furnace, and the casting temperature is 1200-1350 ℃; stirring, slag removing, sampling, analyzing and adjusting components of the alloy liquid prepared in S1, and transferring the alloy liquid meeting the requirements into a heat preservation furnace at the temperature of 1180-1300 ℃.
Preferably, the ingot specification is controlled to be 380-420mm in length and 78-92mm in diameter; the casting speed is 5-9 m/h.
Preferably, the heating temperature of the ingot is 620-750 ℃, the extrusion speed is 5-18mm/s, the extrusion ratio is 15-23, and the specification of the ingot after extrusion is controlled between 740-860mm in length and 35-43mm in diameter.
Preferably, the cooling and solid solution are to heat the ingot at 900-1000 ℃, preserve heat for 0.8-1.2h, and then put the ingot into a water tank for water cooling; and carrying out diffusion annealing treatment on the ingot after water cooling.
Preferably, the diffusion annealing treatment comprises the steps of heating the ingot to 580-620 ℃ and preserving heat for 1-1.2h, and then naturally cooling; then heating the ingot to 600-640 ℃, preserving the heat for 0.6-0.8h, and then naturally cooling.
Preferably, the shearing step is to clamp the blank on a milling machine for surface milling, the surface smoothness is 2.8-3.2, and a cuboid with smooth four sides is prepared.
Preferably, the head making is a rectangular solid obtained after shearing, and two ends of the rectangular solid are cut off to obtain a square rod with the specification of 25-30mm in side length.
Preferably, the cold drawing processing is to place the square rod in a die, the temperature is controlled within 150 ℃, the feeding length is lower than 3/5 of the length of the square rod each time, the processing allowance left on one side is 1.5-2mm, and the deformation degree is 1.5-2.
Preferably, the aging treatment is cooling after each cold drawing process, stress relief annealing is carried out after cooling, the annealing temperature is 550-620 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 0.5-0.7 h; and straightening and adjusting the annealed rod at the rear side.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the alloy is directly placed into a water tank for solid solution cooling through hot extrusion to obtain proper grain size, eliminate dendrite segregation and ensure the high-temperature creep resistance of the alloy to inhibit secondary phases from being re-precipitated to obtain a supersaturated solid solution at room temperature, so as to prepare for subsequent processing; then diffusion annealing treatment is carried out, wherein the diffusion process is carried out in the alloy at high temperature in the process, so that the nonuniformity of cast ingot tissues is reduced, and the plasticity of the alloy can be doubled by the diffusion annealing; through solid solution cooling and subsequent diffusion annealing treatment, various performances of the material are improved, a foundation is made for subsequent cold drawing, and the possibility of cracks, scar spots and cracking is reduced.
2. The micro square bar is obtained by cold drawing, the strength and the hardness are higher than those of other processing modes, the processing yield is improved along with temperature control and aging treatment, and meanwhile, the quality of the prepared square bar is good.
Detailed Description
The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a technical scheme that:
a processing method of a micro square rod of tin-phosphor bronze comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 7.6-8.0% of tin, 0.2-0.24% of phosphorus and the balance of electrolytic copper with the purity of 99.995% into a melting furnace to prepare an alloy liquid;
s2, pouring the alloy liquid into a mould to prepare a cast ingot;
s3, heating the cast ingot to a certain temperature, and then carrying out hot extrusion;
s4, cooling and carrying out solution treatment on the cast ingot after hot extrusion to obtain a blank;
s5, cutting and heading the blank to obtain a square bar;
and S6, cold drawing the square bar, and carrying out aging treatment to obtain the miniature square bar.
Wherein the melting furnace is a power frequency induction furnace, and the casting temperature is 1200-1350 ℃; stirring, slag removing, sampling, analyzing and adjusting components of the alloy liquid prepared in S1, and transferring the alloy liquid meeting the requirements into a heat preservation furnace at the temperature of 1180-1300 ℃. The specification of the ingot is controlled between 380 and 420mm in length and phi 78-92mm in diameter; the casting speed is 5-9 m/h. The heating temperature of the ingot is 620-750 ℃, the extrusion speed is 5-18mm/s, the extrusion ratio is 15-23, and the specification of the extruded ingot is controlled between 740-860mm in length and 35-43mm in diameter.
Wherein, the step of cooling and solid solution is to heat the cast ingot to 900-1000 ℃, preserve heat for 0.8-1.2h, and then put the cast ingot into a water tank for water cooling; and carrying out diffusion annealing treatment on the ingot after water cooling. The diffusion annealing treatment comprises the steps of heating the ingot to 580-620 ℃, preserving heat for 1-1.2h, and then naturally cooling; then heating the ingot to 600-640 ℃, preserving the heat for 0.6-0.8h, and then naturally cooling.
Wherein, the shearing is to clamp the blank on a milling machine for surface milling, the surface finish degree is 2.8-3.2, and a cuboid with smooth four surfaces is prepared. The end making is to cut off two ends of a cut cuboid to obtain a square rod with the side length of 25-30 mm. The cold drawing processing is that the square bar is placed in a die, the temperature is controlled within 150 ℃, the feeding length is lower than 3/5 of the length of the square bar each time, the processing allowance left on one side is 1.5-2mm, and the deformation degree is 1.5-2. The aging treatment is cooling after each cold drawing processing, stress relief annealing is carried out after cooling, the annealing temperature is between 550 ℃ and 620 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 0.5-0.7 h; and straightening and adjusting the annealed rod at the rear side.
One specific application of this embodiment is: the method comprises the steps of taking 7.6-8.0% of tin, 0.2-0.24% of phosphorus and the balance of electrolytic copper with the purity of 99.995%, adding the electrolytic copper into a power frequency induction furnace, melting the raw materials at the temperature of 1200-.
Heating the ingot to the temperature of 620-750 ℃, performing hot extrusion at the extrusion speed of 5-18mm/s and the extrusion ratio of 15-23, controlling the specification of the extruded ingot to be between 740-860mm in length and 35-43mm in diameter, heating the ingot to the temperature of 900-1000 ℃, preserving the heat for 0.8-1.2h, directly placing the ingot into a water tank for water cooling to obtain proper grain size, eliminating dendrite segregation, and ensuring the high-temperature creep resistance of the alloy to inhibit secondary phase re-precipitation so as to obtain a supersaturated solid solution at room temperature and prepare for subsequent processing; heating the ingot to 580-620 ℃ and preserving heat for 1-1.2h, then naturally cooling, heating the ingot to 600-640 ℃ and preserving heat for 0.6-0.8h, then naturally cooling, wherein the diffusion process is generated in the alloy at high temperature, the nonuniformity of the cast ingot structure is reduced, and the plasticity of the alloy can be doubled by diffusion annealing. Through solid solution cooling and subsequent diffusion annealing treatment, various performances of the material are improved, a foundation is made for subsequent cold drawing, and the possibility of cracks, scar spots and cracking is reduced.
Clamping the blank on a milling machine, performing face milling to obtain a cuboid with smooth four sides, cutting off two ends to obtain a square rod with the specification of 25-30mm side length, and removing surface impurities to obtain the square rod with good smoothness and no defects such as cracks; placing a square bar in a mould, controlling the temperature within 150 ℃, keeping the feeding length below 3/5 of the length of the square bar each time, keeping the processing allowance on one side of the square bar to be 1.5-2mm, carrying out cold drawing processing with the deformation degree between 1.5-2, rapidly heating a copper bar during cold drawing, and easily generating cracks when the temperature is too high and too fast, so that the temperature must be strictly controlled within 150 ℃, immediately stopping when the surface color is yellow or purple black, if micro cracks are found on the surface of the square bar, otherwise, breaking the whole section of blank, cooling after each drawing processing, carrying out stress relief annealing after cooling, keeping the annealing temperature between 550 ℃ and 620 ℃, keeping the temperature for 0.5-0.7h, then straightening and adjusting the square bar after annealing, ensuring the straightness of the square bar, and circularly carrying out cold drawing and re-drawing processing on the square bar to obtain the micro square bar, because the cold drawing processing is adopted, the strength and the hardness of the obtained miniature square bar are higher than those of other processing modes, the processing yield is improved along with temperature control and aging treatment, and meanwhile, the quality of the prepared square bar is good.
Example 1
A sample is taken to observe the surface of the ingot after heat treatment and the surface after mechanical processing.
Test example 1 is a micro square bar obtained by the method;
comparative example 1 is a tin-phosphor bronze square bar produced by Shanghai certain Metal products Co., Ltd;
the comparative example 2 is a Sn-P bronze square rod produced by Shenzhen special copper manufacturing Limited;
Figure RE-GDA0003015111800000051
example 2
According to GB/T4340.1-1999 part 1 of the Metal Vickers hardness test: the Vickers hardness test is carried out according to the standard of test method, a regular quadrangular pyramid diamond pressure head with a specified angle at two opposite surfaces of the top is pressed into the surface of a sample by using test force, the test force is removed after the test force is kept for a specified time, and the length of the diagonal line of the indentation on the surface of the sample is measured. The vickers hardness number is the quotient of the test force divided by the surface area of the indentation, which is considered to be an ideal shape having a square base and the same angle as the indenter.
The tensile strength test is carried out according to the GB 228-87 Metal tensile test method standard,
test example 1 is a micro square bar obtained by the method;
comparative example 1 is a tin-phosphor bronze square bar produced by Shanghai certain Metal products Co., Ltd;
the comparative example 2 is a Sn-P bronze square rod produced by Shenzhen special copper manufacturing Limited;
vickers Hardness (HV) High tensile strengthDegree (MPa)
Test example 1 255 412
Comparative example 1 220 390
Comparative example 2 215 384
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A processing method of a micro square rod of tin-phosphor bronze is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 7.6-8.0% of tin, 0.2-0.24% of phosphorus and the balance of electrolytic copper with the purity of 99.995% into a melting furnace to prepare an alloy liquid;
s2, pouring the alloy liquid into a mould to prepare a cast ingot;
s3, heating the cast ingot to a certain temperature, and then carrying out hot extrusion;
s4, cooling and carrying out solution treatment on the cast ingot after hot extrusion to obtain a blank;
s5, cutting and heading the blank to obtain a square bar;
and S6, cold drawing the square bar, and carrying out aging treatment to obtain the miniature square bar.
2. The method for processing the micro square rod of tin-phosphor bronze according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in S1, the melting furnace is a power frequency induction furnace, and the casting temperature is 1200-1350 ℃; stirring, slag removing, sampling, analyzing and adjusting components of the alloy liquid prepared in S1, and transferring the alloy liquid meeting the requirements into a heat preservation furnace at the temperature of 1180-1300 ℃.
3. The method for processing the micro square rod of tin-phosphor bronze according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in S2, the ingot specification is controlled to be between 380 and 420mm in length and between 78 and 92mm in diameter; the casting speed is 5-9 m/h.
4. The method for processing the micro square rod of tin-phosphor bronze according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s3, the ingot heating temperature is 620-750 ℃, the extrusion speed is 5-18mm/S, the extrusion ratio is 15-23, and the specification of the extruded ingot is controlled between 740-860mm in length and 35-43mm in diameter.
5. The method for processing the micro square rod of tin-phosphor bronze according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in S4, the cooling and solid solution are that the ingot is heated to 900 ℃ and the temperature is kept for 0.8 to 1.2 hours, and then the ingot is put into a water tank for water cooling; and carrying out diffusion annealing treatment on the ingot after water cooling.
6. The method for processing the micro square rod of tin-phosphor bronze according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the diffusion annealing treatment comprises the steps of heating the ingot to 580-620 ℃, preserving heat for 1-1.2h, and then naturally cooling; then heating the ingot to 600-640 ℃, preserving the heat for 0.6-0.8h, and then naturally cooling.
7. The method for processing the micro square rod of tin-phosphor bronze according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and S5, the shearing step is to clamp the blank on a milling machine for surface milling, the surface smoothness is 2.8-3.2, and a cuboid with smooth four sides is prepared.
8. The method for processing the micro square rod of tin-phosphor bronze according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in S5, the end manufacturing is to cut off two ends of a cut cuboid to obtain a square rod with the side length of 25-30 mm.
9. The method for processing the micro square rod of tin-phosphor bronze according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s6, the cold drawing processing is to place the square rod in a die, the temperature is controlled within 150 ℃, the feeding length is less than 3/5 of the length of the square rod each time, the processing allowance left on one side is 1.5-2mm, and the deformation degree is 1.5-2.
10. The method for processing the micro square rod of tin-phosphor bronze according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in S6, the aging treatment is cooling after each cold drawing process, stress relief annealing is carried out after cooling, the annealing temperature is 550-620 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 0.5-0.7 h; and straightening and adjusting the annealed rod at the rear side.
CN202011481982.2A 2020-12-16 2020-12-16 Processing method of tin-phosphor bronze miniature square rod Pending CN112795809A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011481982.2A CN112795809A (en) 2020-12-16 2020-12-16 Processing method of tin-phosphor bronze miniature square rod

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011481982.2A CN112795809A (en) 2020-12-16 2020-12-16 Processing method of tin-phosphor bronze miniature square rod

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN112795809A true CN112795809A (en) 2021-05-14

Family

ID=75806782

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202011481982.2A Pending CN112795809A (en) 2020-12-16 2020-12-16 Processing method of tin-phosphor bronze miniature square rod

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN112795809A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114262854A (en) * 2021-11-30 2022-04-01 镇江金鑫有色合金有限公司 Preparation method of high-strength tin bronze alloy

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114262854A (en) * 2021-11-30 2022-04-01 镇江金鑫有色合金有限公司 Preparation method of high-strength tin bronze alloy

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN113106291B (en) Tin-phosphor bronze strip with excellent comprehensive performance and preparation method thereof
CN103026499B (en) Solar cell lead wire and preparation method thereof
CN113106290B (en) High-performance tin-phosphor bronze strip and preparation method thereof
CN102549180A (en) Cu-Ni-Si-Co copper alloy for electronic material and process for producing same
CN110195170B (en) Preparation method for improving toughness of Cu-Ni-Si alloy
CN110093536B (en) 6101-T63 state aluminum alloy coiled material for battery guide plate and preparation method thereof
CN111621668B (en) Nickel-silicon copper alloy strip and preparation method thereof
CN104164589A (en) High-strength wear-resistant copper alloy and preparation method thereof
CN113528899A (en) High-heat-conductivity and high-strength aluminum alloy sheet and preparation method thereof
CN114908270B (en) High-tin-phosphor bronze strip and preparation method thereof
CN114855026B (en) High-performance precipitation strengthening type copper alloy and preparation method thereof
CN114855008B (en) Nickel-titanium alloy double-pass shape memory effect training method with high nickel-rich content
CN112795809A (en) Processing method of tin-phosphor bronze miniature square rod
CN1733953A (en) High-strength high conduction copper alloy and its preparation method
US4594116A (en) Method for manufacturing high strength copper alloy wire
CN111378869B (en) Fine-grain reinforced brass strip for connector and processing method thereof
JP2010222624A (en) Copper alloy, and method for manufacturing the same
CN111304489A (en) Preparation and processing method of copper alloy plate strip for vapor chamber
CN116603884A (en) Sheath extrusion method of copper-based alloy
JP6542817B2 (en) Copper alloy for electronic materials
CN111748712B (en) Copper-silver alloy strip and production process thereof
CN113260726B (en) Copper alloy for terminal and connector having excellent bending workability and method for producing the same
CN113981269A (en) Brass alloy and preparation method thereof
CN113385549A (en) Composite processing method of high-strength high-conductivity pure copper wire
CN110592418A (en) Multi-element high-conductivity beryllium bronze alloy and preparation method thereof

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
WD01 Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication
WD01 Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication

Application publication date: 20210514