CN112795788A - Lifting device for conductive material rod of vacuum consumable heavy smelting furnace and control method thereof - Google Patents
Lifting device for conductive material rod of vacuum consumable heavy smelting furnace and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112795788A CN112795788A CN202110100963.9A CN202110100963A CN112795788A CN 112795788 A CN112795788 A CN 112795788A CN 202110100963 A CN202110100963 A CN 202110100963A CN 112795788 A CN112795788 A CN 112795788A
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- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
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Abstract
The invention relates to a lifting device for a conductive material rod of a vacuum consumable heavy melting furnace and a control method thereof, wherein the lifting device comprises: the driving mechanism is arranged and drives the supporting mechanism; one end of the ball screw is connected with a driving mechanism by virtue of a ball screw fixing mechanism, and the driving mechanism drives the ball screw to rotate; the ball screw is connected with the ball screw moving mechanism through a screw nut; an air cylinder locking mechanism is fixedly connected below the ball screw moving mechanism, the ball screw moves the ball screw moving mechanism under the driving of the driving mechanism, and the ball screw moving mechanism drives the conductive material rod to move up and down; the lifting device of the conductive material rod of the vacuum consumable heavy melting furnace and the control method thereof control the lifting device to continuously adjust the lifting of the conductive material rod to ensure the stability of the arc length, realize the control of constant melting speed, keep the proper shape and depth of a molten pool, realize the controlled solidification of a spindle to ensure the high quality of a melted product and solve the technical problem that the device is not available in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to a conductive material rod lifting device, in particular to a conductive material rod lifting device of a vacuum consumable heavy melting furnace and a control method thereof.
Background
The vacuum consumable remelting furnace is equipment for producing special steel by using a vacuum remelting technology, and usually adopts an electric arc furnace, an electroslag furnace and the like as preceding-stage equipment, and then carries out remelting refining on electrodes produced by the preceding-stage equipment. The vacuum consumable furnace is used as remelting equipment, can effectively improve the crystal structure, toughness and the like of the material, can effectively prolong the comprehensive service life and the like of the steel material, and thus obtains alloy materials with higher quality. The material is usually applied to key parts of some high-end fields, such as aerospace, aviation, high-speed rail and other projects, so that the causticity of various properties of the material is obvious, and the requirement on smelting equipment is correspondingly improved. The vacuum consumable furnace heats the base metal by direct current electric arc under vacuum condition, the metal electrode is rapidly melted and re-solidified in a water-cooled copper crucible under the high temperature action of direct electric arc under the condition of no slag and vacuum, the base metal is melted by the heat of arc discharge and finally drops in a crystallizer to obtain the required high-end steel grade.
The vacuum consumable remelting furnace needs to continuously adjust the movement of a conductive material rod to clamp a consumable electrode in the process of installing the consumable electrode, after the consumable electrode is clamped, after spot inspection is carried out on the spot before equipment smelting, key parts such as hydraulic, electric and water systems ensure the safety and technical requirement range, smelting is started, in order to obtain a high-quality consumable smelted steel ingot, the equipment sets process parameters required by smelting by matching with a set of automatic control system, smelting process data are continuously acquired in the smelting process, independent operation control and safety logic are realized through a PLC (programmable logic controller), and solidification is carried out under the controlled condition, so that a high-quality and uniform material with excellent metallurgical characteristics is produced. Degassing and removing nonmetal in raw materials by vacuumizing in the furnace and decomposing oxides at the arc temperature of 4000-5000 ℃. The material passing through the vacuum consumable remelting furnace has low residual gas content, high cleanliness, excellent cold and hot processing performance and greatly improved transverse mechanical performance.
In order to realize the constant melting speed melting required by the process, mechanical parts are required to be matched with the action required by the process, in the actual smelting process, the relative position between the cathode at the lower end of the consumable electrode and the anode of the metal molten pool is changed continuously, and the lifting of the conductive material rod needs to be regulated continuously to ensure the stability of the arc length so as to realize the constant melting speed control, keep the proper shape and depth of the molten pool and realize the controlled solidification of a spindle to ensure the high quality of a smelted product. At the present stage, no similar lifting device for the conductive material rod of the vacuum consumable remelting furnace is applied to the process of constant melting speed melting.
Therefore, how to provide a lifting device for a conductive material rod of a vacuum consumable remelting furnace is to finish the movement of the high-speed and low-speed conductive material rod in the processes of loading a consumable electrode, smelting and demoulding of a steel ingot after smelting, realize that the conductive material rod moves up and down in the range of 0.2 mm/min-2000 mm/min at the low speed and the high speed, provide position information of the conductive material rod for computer control, realize that the lifting and descending speeds of the conductive material rod are automatically adjusted by a control system with high precision in the smelting process, and provide an actual control carrier for improving the quality of the consumable ingot.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a lifting device for a conductive material rod of a vacuum consumable heavy melting furnace, which can realize that the conductive material rod moves up and down in a low-speed and high-speed range of 0.2-2000 mm/min, provide position information of the conductive material rod to a control system, realize that the lifting and descending speeds of the material rod are automatically adjusted by a computer control system with high precision in a smelting process, and provide an actual control carrier for improving the quality of consumable ingots.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a lifting device for a conductive material bar of a vacuum consumable heavy melting furnace, comprising:
the driving mechanism is arranged above the conducting material rod lifting device of the vacuum consumable heavy melting furnace;
the driving support mechanism is fixed on the driving mechanism;
the ball screw fixing mechanism is used for connecting one end of a ball screw with the driving mechanism by means of the ball screw fixing mechanism in the driving and supporting mechanism, and the driving mechanism drives the ball screw to rotate;
the ball screw moving mechanism is connected with the ball screw through a screw nut;
the cylinder locking mechanism is fixedly connected below the ball screw moving mechanism, the ball screw penetrates through the cylinder locking mechanism and then is in rolling connection with the guide sliding column, the conductive material rod is fixed on the outer side of the guide sliding column,
the ball screw is driven by the driving mechanism to move the ball screw moving mechanism, and the ball screw moving mechanism drives the conductive material rod to move up and down.
Further, the driving mechanism further comprises:
the servo motor is arranged on the speed reducer supporting plate; a motor driving shaft of the servo motor is sleeved with a coupler and then is connected with a speed reducer, an output shaft of the speed reducer extends into a screw rod coupler on the ball screw rod fixing mechanism, and the speed reducer is connected with the ball screw rod fixing mechanism;
the speed reducer supporting plate is fixed above the supporting mechanism;
and the servo driver is connected with the servo motor through a cable.
Further, the driving support mechanism further comprises:
the driving supporting top plate is fixedly arranged below the speed reducer supporting plate, and is coaxial with the speed reducer supporting plate and provided with a through hole which is communicated up and down in the central position; a screw rod coupler is fixed in the through hole; the ball screw and the output shaft of the speed reducer are respectively connected in the screw rod coupling;
the supporting columns are respectively connected with one ends of the supporting columns on the driving supporting top plate; the other end of the supporting column is fixedly connected with a supporting bottom plate through a bolt;
the support column is arranged between the driving support top plate and the support bottom plate and is fixedly connected with the driving support top plate and the support bottom plate through bolts.
Further, ball screw fixed establishment, still include:
the flange joint is fixed on the screw rod coupler through bolts; fixing the head of the ball screw in the screw coupling;
the screw rod fixing seat is fixed on the center of the supporting bottom plate of the driving supporting mechanism through a bolt;
the bearing cover is clamped in the screw rod fixing seat, and the ball screw rod penetrates through the center of the bearing cover;
the plane rolling bearing is fixed on the ball screw in the bearing cover, and one side of the plane rolling bearing props against the bottom in the bearing cover;
the sleeve body is fixed on the screw rod fixing seat through bolts below the supporting bottom plate, and the ball screw penetrates into the sleeve body.
Further, the ball screw moving mechanism further includes:
the lead screw nut is connected to the ball screw in a ball bearing mode and slides on the ball screw to drive the ball screw moving mechanism, the cylinder locking mechanism and the conductive material rod to move up and down;
the nut flange is in threaded connection with the nut flange above the feed screw nut;
the sliding plate is arranged above the nut flange, the insulating pad is arranged below the sliding plate, and the sliding plate and the insulating pad are fixedly connected to the nut flange through bolts;
the supporting plate is arranged on the outer side of the sliding plate and is fixedly connected with a fixing plate in the cylinder locking mechanism;
the fixed cover is fixed with the supporting plate by a shaft shoulder screw outside the supporting plate, and the limiting trigger block is fixed above the fixed cover.
Further, the cylinder locking mechanism further comprises:
the connecting plates are arranged below the fixed plate in parallel and connected with each other, and the connecting plates are supported by screws; a bottom-touching limit switch is fixed on the fixed plate;
and the pull rod is connected with the conductive material rod below the connecting plate by the pull rod.
Furthermore, set up limit switch and sliding screw on the up end setting of supporting baseplate, sliding screw's lower terminal surface is located the fixed plate directly over, drives ball screw by the speed reducer and rises to maximum position department, and sliding screw 2 directly over the fixed plate moves up until triggering limit switch, and servo motor stall for protect ball screw.
Further, the servo driver is electrically connected with the stokehole operating handle 141, and the servo driver is in communication connection with the PLC 142 and the HMI human-machine interface; the HMI human-machine interface is used for inputting speed and position parameters and displaying real-time lifting speed and position information, and the PLC controller enables the PLC controller to control the servo motor to realize automatic lifting of the conductive material rod through parameter setting of the HMI human-machine interface.
Furthermore, a distance of 5-15mm is arranged between the sliding plate and the supporting plate, the ball screw drives the conductive material rod to move, after the electrode touches the bottom, the sliding plate and the screw nut continue to move downwards, the cylinder locking mechanism is static and does not move, the sliding plate drives the limiting trigger block to simultaneously move downwards along the shaft shoulder screw until the limiting trigger block contacts the bottom touch limit switch, and the ball screw stops moving.
The structure of the conductive material rod lifting device of the vacuum consumable heavy smelting furnace can realize that the conductive material rod moves up and down in the low-speed and high-speed ranges of 0.2 mm/min-2000 mm/min, solves the technical problem that no similar conductive material rod lifting device of the vacuum consumable heavy smelting furnace is applied to the constant-melting-speed smelting process in the prior art, solves the requirement that the relative position between the lower end cathode of a consumable electrode and the anode of a metal melting pool is continuously changed and adjusted in the actual smelting process, can realize the stable arc length by continuously adjusting the lifting of the conductive material rod, realizes the constant-melting-speed control, keeps the proper shape and depth of the melting pool, and realizes the technical requirement that a spindle is controlled and solidified to ensure the high quality of a smelting product.
The embodiment of the invention also designs a control method of the lifting device of the conductive material rod of the vacuum consumable heavy melting furnace, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S00: setting the slow running speed and the fast running speed of the conductive material rod and smelting process parameters in the HMI human-computer interface;
step S10: in the process of charging the vacuum consumable heavy smelting furnace and tapping after smelting, the operation speed of the conductive material rod is increased/decreased at a low speed to 150mm/min through a material rod slow speed button and a material rod fast button on a stokehole operation handle; the operating speed of the quick ascending/descending material rod is 750mm/min, a signal of a furnace front operating handle is transmitted to the servo driver, the servo driver drives the servo motor to rotate the speed reducer through the coupler, the speed reducer drives the ball screw to rotate at the screw nut through the screw coupler, the screw nut, the cylinder locking mechanism and the conductive material rod form a whole, the copper pipe in the material rod moves up and down, and the lifting motion of the conductive material rod is realized.
Step S20: feeding back the position information on the servo driver to the PLC;
step S30: the PLC controller performs data conversion and internal operation in a centralized manner, and records and displays corresponding information on an HMI human-computer interface according to an operation result;
step S40: the HMI human-computer interface automatically executes parameter signals according to the smelting process parameter requirements set in the step 00, and compares, calculates and corrects the actually obtained information with the set value;
step S50: according to the numerical value after parameter correction fed back by the computer, the servo driver drives the ball screw to automatically move up and down, and the technological parameters are ensured to be in the optimal values.
Compared with the prior art, the control method of the conductive material rod lifting device of the vacuum consumable heavy melting furnace can realize the action of matching the process requirements, can realize the technical requirement that the relative position between the lower end cathode of the consumable electrode and the anode of a metal molten pool is constantly changed in the actual smelting process, and can control the lifting of the conductive material rod to ensure the stability of the arc length by utilizing the conductive material rod lifting device of the vacuum consumable heavy melting furnace and the control method thereof to continuously adjust the lifting of the conductive material rod so as to realize constant melting speed control, so as to keep the proper shape and depth of the molten pool, realize the controlled solidification of a spindle to ensure the high quality of a smelted product, and solve the technical problem that the device is not used in the prior art.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention in a front view;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the right view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the present invention taken in the direction A-A;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of structure XV of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view at structure IX of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of a control method of the present invention.
The reference numbers are as follows:
in the figure: 1-driving mechanism, 11-servo motor, 12-speed reducer, 13-speed reducer supporting plate, 14-servo driver, 15-coupler, 141-stokehole operating handle, 142-PLC controller, 143-HMI human-machine interface, 2-driving supporting mechanism, 21-driving supporting top plate, 22-supporting column, 23-supporting bottom plate, 24-upper limit switch, 25-sliding screw, 3-ball screw fixing mechanism, 30-ball screw moving mechanism, 31-screw coupler, 32-flange joint, 33-ball screw, 34-guiding sliding column, 35-screw fixing seat, 36-bearing cover, 37-sleeve body, 38-sliding plate, 39-nut flange, 310-screw nut, 311-supporting plate, etc, 312-shaft shoulder screw, 313-limit trigger block, 331-plane rolling bearing, 391-insulating pad, 4-cylinder locking mechanism, 41-bottom limit switch, 42-pull rod, 43-fixed plate, 44-connecting plate, 5-conductive material rod, 51-material rod inner copper tube and 52-material rod supporting tube.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that numerous technical details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application in various embodiments of the present invention. However, the technical solutions claimed in the claims of the present application can be implemented without these technical details and with various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments.
The first embodiment of the present invention relates to a lifting device for a conductive material bar of a vacuum consumable heavy melting furnace, as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 5, comprising:
the driving mechanism 1 is arranged above the lifting device of the conductive material rod of the vacuum consumable heavy melting furnace; the main function of the driving mechanism 1 is to provide driving force for the lifting device of the conductive material rod of the consumable vacuum melting furnace in this embodiment, and to control the lifting device of the conductive material rod of the consumable vacuum melting furnace in this embodiment to automatically lift.
The driving mechanism 1 is fixed on the driving support mechanism 2; the drive support mechanism 2 is for supporting the drive mechanism 1.
One end of a ball screw 33 is connected with a driving mechanism 1 by a ball screw fixing mechanism 3 in a driving and supporting mechanism 2, and the driving mechanism 1 drives the ball screw 33 to rotate; the ball screw fixing mechanism 3 is fixed on the ball screw fixing mechanism 3 and is mainly used for driving the ball screw 33 to rotate, so that the ball screw 33 drives the ball screw moving mechanism 30 below to automatically move, and the technical effect of automatic lifting of the conductive material rod 5 is finally achieved.
The ball screw 33 is connected with the ball screw moving mechanism 30 through a screw nut 310; after the ball screw moving mechanism 30 is connected with the ball screw 33 through the screw nut 310, the screw nut 310 is driven to move by the rotation of the ball screw 33, the screw nut 310 drives the ball screw moving mechanism 30 to move, and the ball screw moving mechanism 30 drives the conductive material rod 5 to automatically lift.
The cylinder locking mechanism 4 is fixedly connected below the ball screw moving mechanism 30, the ball screw 33 is connected with the guide sliding column 34 in a rolling mode after penetrating through the cylinder locking mechanism 4, the conductive material rod 5 is fixed on the outer side of the guide sliding column 34, the cylinder locking mechanism 4 is mainly used for locking the ball screw moving mechanism 30, and after the driving mechanism 1 finishes lifting, the ball screw moving mechanism 30 needs to be fixed, so that the ball screw moving mechanism 30 is fixed by the cylinder locking mechanism 4, and the conductive material rod 5 is indirectly fixed.
The ball screw 33 moves the ball screw moving mechanism 30 under the driving of the driving mechanism 1, the ball screw moving mechanism 30 drives the conductive material rod 5 to move up and down, and the technical effect of the up-and-down movement of the conductive material rod 5 is mainly to continuously adjust the lifting of the conductive material rod to ensure the stability of the arc length, so as to realize constant melting speed control, keep the proper shape and depth of a molten pool, and realize the controlled solidification of a spindle to ensure the high quality of a melted product. The automatic high-precision adjustment of the ascending and descending speeds of the material rods by a computer control system in the smelting process is realized, and an actual control carrier is provided for improving the quality of the consumable ingots.
In order to achieve the above technical effects, as shown in fig. 1, the driving mechanism 1 further includes:
the servo motor 11 is arranged on the speed reducer supporting plate 13, and the servo motor 11 is mainly used for providing power for the conductive material rod 5 in the embodiment during accurate position control; a motor driving shaft of the servo motor 11 is sleeved with a coupler 15 and then is connected with a speed reducer 12, an output shaft of the speed reducer 12 extends into a screw coupler 31 on the ball screw fixing mechanism 3, and the speed reducer 12 is connected with the ball screw fixing mechanism 3; after the servo motor 11 is connected with the ball screw fixing mechanism 3 through the speed reducer 12, the speed of the conductive material rod 5 moving up and down can be controlled after being reduced by the speed reducer 12.
The speed reducer supporting plate 13 is fixed above the driving supporting mechanism 2; the reduction gear 12 is connected to the drive support mechanism 2 to constitute an operating structure of the drive mechanism 1.
In order to achieve precise control of the servo motor 11 over the conductive material rod 5, the servo motor 11 needs to be controlled by a servo driver 14, and for this purpose, the servo driver 14 is connected to the servo motor 11 by a cable. Thereby realizing the accurate control of the driving mechanism 1 on the conductive material rod 5.
Also, in order to achieve the above technical effects, as shown in fig. 1, the driving support mechanism 2 further includes:
a driving support top plate 21 is fixed below the speed reducer support plate 13, the driving support top plate 21 is used for fixing the speed reducer 12, and the driving support top plate 21 is coaxial with the speed reducer support plate 13 and is provided with a through hole which is vertically communicated at the central position; a screw rod coupling 31 is fixed in the through hole; the ball screw 33 and the output shaft of the speed reducer 12 are respectively connected in the screw coupling 31; the speed reducer support plate 13 and the drive support top plate 21 are connected into an integral mechanism for mounting the screw coupling 31, and the screw coupling 31 is used for connecting the ball screw 33 and the output shaft of the speed reducer 12, so that the ball screw 33 and the output shaft of the speed reducer 12 realize transmission of driving force.
The supporting columns 22 are respectively connected with one ends of the supporting columns 22 on the driving supporting top plate 21; a support bottom plate 23 is fixedly connected to the other end of the support column 22 through a bolt;
the supporting column 22 is disposed between the driving supporting top plate 21 and the supporting bottom plate 23, and is fixedly connected by bolts. The supporting column 22 fixedly connects the driving supporting top plate 21 and the supporting bottom plate 23 to form an integral structure of the driving supporting mechanism 2.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in order to achieve the technical effect that the ball screw 33 drives and controls the conductive material rod 5 to move up and down, the ball screw fixing mechanism 3 further includes:
the flange joint 32 is fixed on the screw rod coupler 31 through bolts; fixing the head of the ball screw 33 in the screw coupling 31; the head of the ball screw 33 is fixed in the screw coupling 31 by the flange joint 32, so that the head of the ball screw 33 is fixed.
A screw rod fixing seat 35 is fixed on the center position of the supporting bottom plate 23 of the driving supporting mechanism 2 through bolts; the screw fixing base 35 is fixed to the support base plate 23, and fixes the head of the ball screw 33 to the drive support mechanism 2.
A bearing cover 36 is clamped in the screw rod fixing seat 35, and a ball screw 33 penetrates through the center of the bearing cover 36;
in the bearing cap 36, a flat rolling bearing 331 is fixed on the ball screw 33, and one side of the flat rolling bearing 331 is abutted against the bottom in the bearing cap 36; the bearing cap 36 restricts the rolling bearing 331 to the drive support mechanism 2
Under the supporting bottom plate 23, a sleeve body 37 is fixed on the screw rod fixing seat 35 through bolts, the ball screw rod 33 penetrates into the sleeve body 37, and the sleeve body 37 is used for supporting the ball screw rod 33 and plays a supporting role.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in order to achieve the technical effect that the ball screw 33 drives and controls the conductive material rod 5 to move up and down, the ball screw moving mechanism 30 further includes:
the screw nut 310 is connected to the ball screw 33 in a ball bearing mode, and the screw nut 310 slides on the ball screw 33 to drive the ball screw moving mechanism 30, the cylinder locking mechanism 4 and the conductive material rod 5 to move up and down; the ball screw 33 drives the screw nut 310 to make a linear motion, and the screw nut 310 drives the ball screw moving mechanism 30, the cylinder locking mechanism 4 and the conductive material rod 5 to move up and down, thereby forming a moving part in the embodiment.
The upper part of the feed screw nut 310 is in threaded connection with the nut flange 39; the nut flange 39 is fixed to the spindle nut 310.
A sliding plate 38 is arranged above the nut flange 39, an insulating pad 391 is arranged below the sliding plate 38, and the sliding plate 38 and the insulating pad 391 are fixedly connected to the nut flange 39 through bolts; the slide plate 38 is primarily used to secure the lead screw nut 310.
A support plate 311 is provided outside the slide plate 38, and the support plate 311 is fixedly connected to the fixing plate 43 in the cylinder lock mechanism 4; the supporting plate 311 is mainly used to fix the supporting plate 311 and the fixing plate 43 as an integrated structure.
The fixing sleeve 314 is fixed to the support plate 311 by a shoulder screw 312 at the outer side of the support plate 311, and a stopper trigger 313 is fixed above the fixing sleeve 314.
The above structure mainly fixes the nut flange 39 on the ball screw moving mechanism 30, so that the ball screw moving mechanism 30 is driven by the ball screw 33 to accurately control the up-and-down position.
As shown in fig. 1, the cylinder lock mechanism 4 further includes:
two connecting plates 44 are arranged and connected below the fixed plate 43 in parallel, and the connecting plates 44 are supported by screws; a bottom limit switch 41 is fixed on the fixing plate 43; the connecting plate 44 constitutes a connecting structure of the cylinder lock mechanism 4,
the pull rod 42 is connected with the conductive material rod 5 below the connecting plate 44, and the pull rod 42 is used for fixedly connecting the conductive material rod 5.
In the first embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, in order to protect the ball screw 33 at the limit position of the ball screw 33, an upper limit switch 24 and a slide screw 25 are provided on the upper end surface of the support base plate 23, the lower end surface of the slide screw 25 is located directly above the fixing plate 43, the speed reducer 12 drives the ball screw 33 to rise to the maximum position, the slide screw 2 directly above the fixing plate 43 moves upward until the upper limit switch 24 is triggered, and the servo motor 11 stops rotating to protect the ball screw 33.
In the first embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, in order to precisely control the up-and-down movement of the conductive material rod 5, the servo driver 14 is electrically connected to the stokehole operating handle 141, the stokehole operating handle 141 inputs a descending or ascending signal to the servo driver 14, the signal includes a signal of a rapid or slow ascending or descending of the conductive material rod 5, and the servo driver 14 is in communication connection with the PLC controller 142 and the HMI human-machine interface 142; the servo driver 14 is connected with the PLC 142 and the HMI man-machine interface 143 through communication signal lines and communicates, the HMI man-machine interface 143 is used for inputting speed and position parameters and displaying real-time lifting speed and position information, and the PLC 142 enables the PLC 142 to control the servo motor 11 to realize automatic lifting of the conductive material rod and accurately control the position of the conductive material rod through parameter setting of the HMI man-machine interface 143.
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, a distance of 5-15mm is provided between the sliding plate 38 and the supporting plate 311, the ball screw 33 drives the conductive material rod 5 to move, after the electrode 69 touches the bottom, the sliding plate 38 and the screw nut 310 continue to move downward, the cylinder locking mechanism 4 is stationary, the sliding plate 38 drives the limit trigger block 313 to move downward along the shoulder screw 312 at the same time until the limit trigger block 313 contacts the bottom-touching limit switch 41, and the ball screw 33 stops moving. The above-described mechanism ensures that the extreme position of the ball screw 33 is protected after the electrode 69 is bottomed.
In a second embodiment of the present invention, a method for controlling a lifting device of a conductive material rod of a consumable heavy melting furnace in vacuum is further disclosed, as shown in fig. 6, the method includes the following steps:
step S00: the low-speed running speed and the high-speed running speed of the conductive material rod 5 and smelting process parameters are set in the HMI human-machine interface 143;
step S10: in the process of charging the vacuum consumable heavy smelting furnace and tapping after smelting, the operation speed of the conductive material rod 5 is increased/decreased at a low speed to 150mm/min through the material rod slow speed button and the material rod fast button on the stokehole operation handle 141; the operating speed of the fast ascending/descending material rod is 750mm/min, signals of the furnace front operating handle 141 are transmitted to the servo driver 14, the servo driver 14 drives the servo motor 11 to rotate the speed reducer 12 through the coupler 15, the speed reducer 12 drives the ball screw 33 to rotate on the screw nut 310 through the screw coupler 31, the screw nut 310, the cylinder locking mechanism 4 and the conductive material rod 5 move up and down integrally, and the ascending and descending movement of the conductive material rod 5 is achieved.
Step S20: feeding back the position information on the servo driver 14 to the PLC controller 142;
step S30: the PLC 142 performs data conversion and internal operation in a centralized manner, and records and displays corresponding information on the HMI human-computer interface 143 according to the operation result;
step S40: the HMI human-computer interface 143 automatically executes parameter signals according to the smelting process parameter requirements set in the step 00, and compares, calculates and corrects the actually obtained information with the set values;
step S50: according to the numerical value after parameter correction fed back by the computer, the servo driver 14 drives the ball screw 33 to automatically move up and down, and the process parameters are ensured to be at the optimal values.
In the control method of the conductive material rod lifting device of the vacuum consumable remelting furnace, the PLC 142 is used as a main control device, an HMI (human machine interface) 143 is combined, the servo driver 14 controls the ball screw 33 to drive the conductive material rod 5 to integrally move up and down, the position of the conductive material rod 5 in the vacuum consumable remelting furnace is accurately controlled while the lifting motion of the conductive material rod 5 is realized, and the lifting of the conductive material rod is continuously adjusted to ensure the stability of the arc length, so that the constant melting speed control is realized, the proper shape and depth of a molten pool are kept, and the controlled solidification of a spindle is realized to ensure the high quality of a smelted product. The technical problem that no similar conductive material rod lifting device of the vacuum consumable heavy melting furnace is applied to the constant melting and rapid melting process at the present stage in the prior art is solved.
It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the foregoing embodiments are specific examples for carrying out the invention, and that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention in practice.
Claims (10)
1. A lifting device for a conductive material rod of a vacuum consumable heavy smelting furnace is characterized by comprising:
the driving mechanism is arranged above the conducting material rod lifting device of the vacuum consumable heavy melting furnace;
the driving support mechanism is fixed on the driving mechanism;
the ball screw fixing mechanism is used for connecting one end of a ball screw with the driving mechanism by means of the ball screw fixing mechanism in the driving and supporting mechanism, and the driving mechanism drives the ball screw to rotate;
the ball screw moving mechanism is connected with the ball screw through a screw nut;
the cylinder locking mechanism is fixedly connected below the ball screw moving mechanism, the ball screw penetrates through the cylinder locking mechanism and then is in rolling connection with the guide sliding column, the conductive material rod is fixed on the outer side of the guide sliding column,
the ball screw is driven by the driving mechanism to move the ball screw moving mechanism, and the ball screw moving mechanism drives the conductive material rod to move up and down.
2. The vacuum consumable heavy melting furnace conductive material bar lifting device of claim 1, wherein the driving mechanism further comprises:
the servo motor is arranged on the speed reducer supporting plate; a motor driving shaft of the servo motor is sleeved with a coupler and then is connected with a speed reducer, an output shaft of the speed reducer extends into a screw rod coupler on the ball screw rod fixing mechanism, and the speed reducer is connected with the ball screw rod fixing mechanism;
the speed reducer supporting plate is fixed above the driving supporting mechanism;
and the servo driver is connected with the servo motor through a cable.
3. The vacuum consumable heavy melting furnace conductive material bar lifting device of claim 1, wherein the driving support mechanism further comprises:
the driving supporting top plate is fixedly arranged below the speed reducer supporting plate, and is coaxial with the speed reducer supporting plate and provided with a through hole which is communicated up and down in the central position; a screw rod coupler is fixed in the through hole; the ball screw and the output shaft of the speed reducer are respectively connected in the screw rod coupling;
the supporting columns are respectively connected with one ends of the supporting columns on the driving supporting top plate; the other end of the supporting column is fixedly connected with a supporting bottom plate through a bolt;
the support column is arranged between the driving support top plate and the support bottom plate and is fixedly connected with the driving support top plate and the support bottom plate through bolts.
4. The vacuum consumable melting furnace conductive material bar lifting device of claim 1, wherein the ball screw fixing mechanism further comprises:
the flange joint is fixed on the screw rod coupler through bolts; fixing the head of the ball screw in the screw coupling;
the screw rod fixing seat is fixed on the center of the supporting bottom plate of the driving supporting mechanism through a bolt;
the bearing cover is clamped in the screw rod fixing seat, and the ball screw rod penetrates through the center of the bearing cover;
the plane rolling bearing is fixed on the ball screw in the bearing cover, and one side of the plane rolling bearing props against the bottom in the bearing cover;
the sleeve body is fixed on the screw rod fixing seat through bolts below the supporting bottom plate, and the ball screw penetrates into the sleeve body.
5. The vacuum consumable melting furnace conductive material bar lifting device of claim 1, wherein the ball screw moving mechanism further comprises:
the lead screw nut is connected to the ball screw in a ball bearing mode and slides on the ball screw to drive the ball screw moving mechanism, the cylinder locking mechanism and the conductive material rod to move up and down;
the nut flange is in threaded connection with the nut flange above the feed screw nut;
the sliding plate is arranged above the nut flange, the insulating pad is arranged below the sliding plate, and the sliding plate and the insulating pad are fixedly connected to the nut flange through bolts;
the supporting plate is arranged on the outer side of the sliding plate and is fixedly connected with a fixing plate in the cylinder locking mechanism;
the fixed cover is fixed with the supporting plate by a shaft shoulder screw outside the supporting plate, and the limiting trigger block is fixed above the fixed cover.
6. The vacuum consumable heavy melting furnace conductive material rod lifting device according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder locking mechanism further comprises:
the connecting plates are arranged below the fixed plate in parallel and connected with each other, and the connecting plates are supported by screws; a bottom-touching limit switch is fixed on the fixed plate;
and the pull rod is connected with the conductive material rod below the connecting plate by the pull rod.
7. The vacuum consumable melting furnace conductive material rod lifting device according to claim 4, wherein an upper limit switch and a sliding screw rod are arranged on the upper end surface of the supporting bottom plate, the lower end surface of the sliding screw rod is positioned right above the fixed plate, the ball screw rod is driven by the speed reducer to ascend to the maximum position, the sliding screw rod right above the fixed plate moves upwards until the upper limit switch is triggered, and the servo motor stops rotating for protecting the ball screw rod.
8. The vacuum consumable heavy melting furnace conductive material rod lifting device according to claim 2, wherein the servo driver is electrically connected with a stokehole operating handle, and the servo driver is in communication connection with a PLC (programmable logic controller) 1 and an HMI (human machine interface); the HMI human-machine interface is used for inputting speed and position parameters and displaying real-time lifting speed and position information, and the PLC controller enables the PLC controller to control the servo motor to realize automatic lifting of the conductive material rod through parameter setting of the HMI human-machine interface.
9. The vacuum consumable heavy melting furnace conductive material rod lifting device according to claim 5, wherein a distance of 5-15mm is provided between the sliding plate and the supporting plate, the ball screw drives the conductive material rod to move, after the electrode is bottomed, the sliding plate and the screw nut continue to move downwards, the cylinder locking mechanism is stationary, the sliding plate drives the limit trigger block to simultaneously move downwards along the shoulder screw until the limit trigger block contacts the bottoming limit switch, and the ball screw stops moving.
10. A control method of a lifting device of a conductive material rod of a vacuum consumable heavy smelting furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S00: setting parameters: setting the slow running speed and the fast running speed of the conductive material rod and smelting process parameters in the HMI human-computer interface;
step S10: and (3) operation control: in the process of charging the vacuum consumable heavy smelting furnace and tapping after smelting, the operation speed of the conductive material rod is increased/decreased at a low speed to 150mm/min through a material rod slow speed button and a material rod fast button on a stokehole operation handle; the operating speed of the quick ascending/descending material rod is 750mm/min, a signal of a furnace front operating handle is transmitted to the servo driver, the servo driver drives the servo motor to rotate the speed reducer through the coupler, the speed reducer drives the ball screw to rotate at the screw nut through the screw coupler, and the screw nut, the cylinder locking mechanism and the conductive material rod integrally move up and down to realize the ascending and descending movement of the conductive material rod.
Step S20: signal transmission: feeding back the position information on the servo driver to the PLC;
step S30: and displaying the result: the PLC controller performs data conversion and internal operation in a centralized manner, and records and displays corresponding information on an HMI human-computer interface according to an operation result;
step S40: automatic parameter correction: the HMI human-computer interface automatically executes parameter signals according to the smelting process parameter requirements set in the step 00, and compares, calculates and corrects the actually obtained information with the set value;
step S50: and (3) optimization processing: according to the numerical value after parameter correction fed back by the computer, the servo driver drives the ball screw to automatically move up and down, and the technological parameters are ensured to be in the optimal values.
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| CN202110100963.9A CN112795788A (en) | 2021-01-26 | 2021-01-26 | Lifting device for conductive material rod of vacuum consumable heavy smelting furnace and control method thereof |
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