CN112795068A - Waste plastic recovery treatment process - Google Patents
Waste plastic recovery treatment process Download PDFInfo
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- CN112795068A CN112795068A CN202011606359.5A CN202011606359A CN112795068A CN 112795068 A CN112795068 A CN 112795068A CN 202011606359 A CN202011606359 A CN 202011606359A CN 112795068 A CN112795068 A CN 112795068A
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 83
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 30
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 26
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon disulfide Chemical compound S=C=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930004069 diterpene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/06—Polyethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08L25/06—Polystyrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L95/00—Compositions of bituminous materials, e.g. asphalt, tar, pitch
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2207/00—Properties characterising the ingredient of the composition
- C08L2207/20—Recycled plastic
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a recovery processing technique of waste plastics; relates to the technical field of energy conservation and environmental protection, and comprises the following steps: (1) cleaning; (2) crushing; (3) acid washing; (4) carrying out ultrasonic kneading treatment; the waste plastic treated by the process can greatly improve the performance of the asphalt, the high-temperature stability of the asphalt mixture obtained by the process after waste treatment and modification is greatly improved, and the dynamic stability of the mixture is increased, so that the effect of improving the high-temperature performance of the asphalt mixture by the waste plastic treated by the process is obvious.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy conservation and environmental protection, and particularly relates to a waste plastic recycling process.
Background
Rapid urbanization and industrialization have led to an unprecedented increase in the amount of solid waste in the world. Countries with relatively high total domestic production values tend to produce more solid waste. Predictions show that the total municipal solid waste volume in major cities of the world will increase from 13 million t in 2012 to 22 million t in 2025, where about 5500 million of waste plastics can be produced annually in the united states, europe and japan alone. Therefore, the influence of plastics on the environment, society and economy is increasingly remarkable, and the plastic becomes a problem which is difficult to avoid in social sustainable development.
In the prior art, the recycling rate of the waste plastics is low, the waste plastics are mixed and melted with new plastics due to the substantial reduction of the performance of the waste plastics, the performance of plastic products obtained by reprocessing can be reduced to different degrees, the market demand can not be met, and the utilization rate of the waste plastics is continuously reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a waste plastic recycling process to overcome the defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a process for recycling waste plastics comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning:
mixing waste polyethylene and waste polystyrene together, screening, and removing impurities to obtain waste materials;
(2) crushing:
adding the mixture into a pulverizer to be pulverized and sieving to obtain pulverized materials;
(3) acid washing:
adding the obtained crushed material into a pickling solution for pickling, wherein the pickling temperature is 80-85 ℃;
the pickling solution prepared by the invention is used for pickling the crushed material, so that impurities on the surface of the crushed material can be effectively removed, and meanwhile, aged surface molecules on the surface of the crushed material are promoted to be decomposed, and the influence of the aged surface molecules on subsequent treatment is reduced.
(4) Ultrasonic kneading treatment:
adding the crushed materials, sodium stearate and rosin resin into a mixer, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;
and adding the mixture into a double-rotor continuous mixing mill, carrying out melt mixing treatment in an ultrasonic field, carrying out first melt mixing treatment at the temperature of 130-135 ℃, then carrying out second melt mixing treatment at the temperature of 170-175 ℃, and discharging after treatment to obtain the treated waste plastic.
The method can reduce the destructiveness of the polymer crystallization area by ultrasonic kneading treatment, thereby ensuring the crystal integrity of the polymer, can promote the mutual uniform dispersion and combination between polymer molecules in the waste plastic and rosin resin polymer molecules by introducing an ultrasonic field for kneading treatment, effectively fills up the defects of the polymer molecules in the waste plastic, and improves the crystallinity and the adhesive force.
Meanwhile, the micro jet flow of instantaneous microscopic extreme heat, high pressure, high temperature change and strong impact force breaks the macromolecular chain segment and is also beneficial to reducing the viscosity of the system, thereby improving the processing performance of the system, and particularly having better compatible combination effect among the components.
And sieving the crushed mixture through a 100-mesh sieve.
The preparation method of the pickling solution comprises the following steps:
sequentially adding sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and sodium nitrate into clear water to prepare pickling solution;
the mass fraction of the sulfuric acid is 0.35-4%;
the mass fraction of the phosphoric acid is 1.2-1.6%;
the mass fraction of the sodium nitrate is 0.5-0.7%.
The mixing ratio of the pickling solution to the crushed material is 400 mL: 120-130 g;
the pickling time is 45-50 min.
The mixing mass ratio of the crushed material, the sodium stearate and the rosin resin is as follows: 90-95: 3-5: 12-16.
The rosin resin is hydrogenated rosin resin.
The first melting and mixing treatment time is 30-36 min.
The second melting and mixing treatment time is 45-50 min.
The rotating speed of the double-rotor continuous mixing mill is 550 r/min.
The treated waste plastic obtained by the process is used as an asphalt modification additive;
the mass percentage of the used amount of the treated waste plastics in the asphalt is as follows: 4 to 4.8 percent.
The mixing and melting temperature of the treated waste plastic and the asphalt is 175 ℃.
Has the advantages that:
the waste plastic treated by the process can greatly improve the performance of the asphalt, the high-temperature stability of the asphalt mixture obtained by the process after waste treatment and modification is greatly improved, and the dynamic stability of the mixture is increased, so that the effect of improving the high-temperature performance of the asphalt mixture by the waste plastic treated by the process is obvious.
The treated waste plastic obtained by the process is applied to asphalt as an additive, so that the performance of the asphalt can be greatly improved, and particularly, the splitting tensile strength of the asphalt mixture added with the treated waste plastic is greatly improved compared with that of the non-added pure asphalt.
Detailed Description
A process for recycling waste plastics comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning:
mixing waste polyethylene and waste polystyrene together, screening, and removing impurities to obtain waste materials;
(2) crushing:
adding the mixture into a pulverizer to be pulverized and sieving to obtain pulverized materials;
(3) acid washing:
adding the obtained crushed material into a pickling solution for pickling, wherein the pickling temperature is 80-85 ℃;
(4) ultrasonic kneading treatment:
adding the crushed materials, sodium stearate and rosin resin into a mixer, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;
and adding the mixture into a double-rotor continuous mixing mill, carrying out melt mixing treatment in an ultrasonic field, carrying out first melt mixing treatment at the temperature of 130-135 ℃, then carrying out second melt mixing treatment at the temperature of 170-175 ℃, and discharging after treatment to obtain the treated waste plastic.
Sodium stearate:
density: 1.103 g/cm3；
Melting point: 245 ℃ to 255 ℃;
boiling point: 359.4 ℃ at 760 mmHg;
flash point: 162.4 ℃ C;
solubility: easily dissolved in hot water and hot ethanol, and slowly dissolved in cold water and cold ethanol. Insoluble in diethyl ether, light gasoline, acetone and similar organic solvents. Is not dissolved in electrolyte solution such as salt, sodium hydroxide and the like;
and sieving the crushed mixture through a 100-mesh sieve.
The preparation method of the pickling solution comprises the following steps:
sequentially adding sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and sodium nitrate into clear water to prepare pickling solution;
the mass fraction of the sulfuric acid is 0.35-4%;
the mass fraction of the phosphoric acid is 1.2-1.6%;
the mass fraction of the sodium nitrate is 0.5-0.7%.
The mixing ratio of the pickling solution to the crushed material is 400 mL: 120-130 g;
the pickling time is 45-50 min.
The mixing mass ratio of the crushed material, the sodium stearate and the rosin resin is as follows: 90-95: 3-5: 12-16.
The rosin resin is a tricyclic diterpene compound, and monoclinic flaky crystals are obtained in aqueous ethanol. Melting point is 172-175 deg.C, optical rotation is 102 deg. (absolute ethyl alcohol). Insoluble in water, soluble in ethanol, benzene, chloroform, ether, acetone, carbon disulfide and dilute aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide.
The rosin resin is hydrogenated rosin resin.
The first melting and mixing treatment time is 30-36 min.
The second melting and mixing treatment time is 45-50 min.
The rotating speed of the double-rotor continuous mixing mill is 550 r/min.
The treated waste plastic obtained by the process is used as an asphalt modification additive;
the mass percentage of the used amount of the treated waste plastics in the asphalt is as follows: 4 to 4.8 percent.
The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A process for recycling waste plastics comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning:
mixing waste polyethylene and waste polystyrene together, screening, and removing impurities to obtain waste materials;
(2) crushing:
adding the mixture into a pulverizer for pulverizing and sieving to obtain pulverized materials, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve after pulverizing;
(3) acid washing:
adding the obtained crushed material into a pickling solution for pickling, wherein the pickling temperature is 80-85 ℃; the preparation method of the pickling solution comprises the following steps: sequentially adding sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and sodium nitrate into clear water to prepare pickling solution; the mass fraction of the sulfuric acid is 0.35 percent; the mass fraction of the phosphoric acid is 1.2%; the mass fraction of the sodium nitrate is 0.5%. The mixing ratio of the pickling solution to the crushed material is 400 mL: 120g of a mixture; the pickling time is 45 min.
(4) Ultrasonic kneading treatment:
adding the crushed materials, sodium stearate and rosin resin into a mixer, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture; and adding the mixture into a double-rotor continuous mixing mill, carrying out melt mixing treatment in an ultrasonic field, carrying out first melt mixing treatment at the temperature of 130 ℃, then carrying out second melt mixing treatment at the temperature of 170 ℃, discharging after the second melt mixing treatment, and thus obtaining the treated waste plastic. The mixing mass ratio of the crushed material, the sodium stearate and the rosin resin is as follows: 90: 3: 12. the rosin resin is hydrogenated rosin resin. The first melt mixing treatment time was 30 min. The second melt mixing treatment time was 45 min. The rotating speed of the double-rotor continuous mixing mill is 550 r/min.
Example 2
A process for recycling waste plastics comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning:
mixing waste polyethylene and waste polystyrene together, screening, and removing impurities to obtain waste materials;
(2) crushing:
adding the mixture into a pulverizer for pulverizing and sieving to obtain pulverized materials, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve after pulverizing;
(3) acid washing:
adding the obtained crushed material into a pickling solution for pickling, wherein the pickling temperature is 80-85 ℃; the preparation method of the pickling solution comprises the following steps: sequentially adding sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and sodium nitrate into clear water to prepare pickling solution; the mass fraction of the sulfuric acid is 4%; the mass fraction of the phosphoric acid is 1.6 percent; the mass fraction of the sodium nitrate is 0.7%. The mixing ratio of the pickling solution to the crushed material is 400 mL: 130g of the total weight of the mixture; the pickling time is 50 min.
(4) Ultrasonic kneading treatment:
adding the crushed materials, sodium stearate and rosin resin into a mixer, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture; and adding the mixture into a double-rotor continuous mixing mill, carrying out melt mixing treatment in an ultrasonic field, carrying out first melt mixing treatment at the temperature of 135 ℃, then carrying out second melt mixing treatment at the temperature of 175 ℃, discharging after the treatment, and thus obtaining the treated waste plastic. The mixing mass ratio of the crushed material, the sodium stearate and the rosin resin is as follows: 95: 5: 16. the rosin resin is hydrogenated rosin resin. The first melt mixing treatment time was 36 min. The second melt mixing treatment time was 50 min. The rotating speed of the double-rotor continuous mixing mill is 550 r/min.
Example 3
A process for recycling waste plastics comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning:
mixing waste polyethylene and waste polystyrene together, screening, and removing impurities to obtain waste materials;
(2) crushing:
adding the mixture into a pulverizer for pulverizing and sieving to obtain pulverized materials, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve after pulverizing;
(3) acid washing:
adding the obtained crushed material into pickling solution for pickling treatment, wherein the pickling temperature is 82 ℃; the preparation method of the pickling solution comprises the following steps: sequentially adding sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and sodium nitrate into clear water to prepare pickling solution; the mass fraction of the sulfuric acid is 0.36%; the mass fraction of the phosphoric acid is 1.5 percent; the mass fraction of the sodium nitrate is 0.6%. The mixing ratio of the pickling solution to the crushed material is 400 mL: 125 g; the pickling time is 48 min.
(4) Ultrasonic kneading treatment:
adding the crushed materials, sodium stearate and rosin resin into a mixer, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture; and adding the mixture into a double-rotor continuous mixing mill, carrying out melt mixing treatment in an ultrasonic field, carrying out first melt mixing treatment at the temperature of 132 ℃, then carrying out second melt mixing treatment at the temperature of 173 ℃, discharging after the second melt mixing treatment, and thus obtaining the treated waste plastic. The mixing mass ratio of the crushed material, the sodium stearate and the rosin resin is as follows: 93: 4: 14. the rosin resin is hydrogenated rosin resin. The first melt mixing treatment time was 32 min. The second melt mixing treatment time was 47 min. The rotating speed of the double-rotor continuous mixing mill is 550 r/min.
Example 4
A process for recycling waste plastics comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning:
mixing waste polyethylene and waste polystyrene together, screening, and removing impurities to obtain waste materials;
(2) crushing:
adding the mixture into a pulverizer for pulverizing and sieving to obtain pulverized materials, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve after pulverizing;
(3) acid washing:
adding the obtained crushed material into pickling solution for pickling treatment, wherein the pickling temperature is 85 ℃; the preparation method of the pickling solution comprises the following steps: sequentially adding sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and sodium nitrate into clear water to prepare pickling solution; the mass fraction of the sulfuric acid is 0.35 percent; the mass fraction of the phosphoric acid is 1.5 percent; the mass fraction of the sodium nitrate is 0.7%. The mixing ratio of the pickling solution to the crushed material is 400 mL: 128 g; the pickling time is 50 min.
(4) Ultrasonic kneading treatment:
adding the crushed materials, sodium stearate and rosin resin into a mixer, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture; and adding the mixture into a double-rotor continuous mixing mill, carrying out melt mixing treatment in an ultrasonic field, carrying out first melt mixing treatment at the temperature of 132 ℃, then carrying out second melt mixing treatment at the temperature of 174 ℃, discharging after the second melt mixing treatment, and thus obtaining the treated waste plastic. The mixing mass ratio of the crushed material, the sodium stearate and the rosin resin is as follows: 92: 4: 15. the rosin resin is hydrogenated rosin resin. The first melt-mixing treatment time was 33 min. The second melt mixing treatment time was 48 min. The rotating speed of the double-rotor continuous mixing mill is 550 r/min.
And (3) testing:
taking Korean SK-70 matrix asphalt as a sample, respectively adding the waste plastic samples in the examples and the comparative examples, stirring and mixing uniformly at 175 ℃, and then respectively detecting and comparing the performance, wherein the mass ratio of the waste plastic samples to the matrix asphalt is 4.5%:
the high-temperature stability of the asphalt pavement refers to the capability of the mixture to resist permanent deformation under the long-term repeated action of wheel load at high temperature in summer;
respectively testing the dynamic stability of the asphalt mixture doped with different waste plastics according to a method specified in a T0719-2011 asphalt mixture rut test in road engineering asphalt and asphalt mixture test regulations (JTG E20-2011);
TABLE 1
Comparative example 1: the equivalent waste polyethylene is adopted;
comparative example 2: the equivalent waste polystyrene is adopted;
blank control group: pure asphalt;
as can be seen from Table 1, the waste plastic treated by the process can greatly improve the performance of the asphalt, the high-temperature stability of the asphalt mixture modified by the waste plastic treated by the process is greatly improved, and the dynamic stability of the asphalt mixture is increased, so that the effect of the waste plastic treated by the process on improving the high-temperature performance of the asphalt mixture is remarkable.
Taking Korean SK-70 matrix asphalt as a sample, respectively adding the waste plastic samples in the examples and the comparative examples, stirring and mixing uniformly at 175 ℃, and then respectively detecting and comparing the performance, wherein the mass ratio of the waste plastic samples to the matrix asphalt is 4.5%:
according to a method specified in ' T0729-2000 asphalt mixture freeze-thaw splitting test ' in road engineering asphalt and asphalt mixture test regulations ' (JTG E20-2011), a freeze-thaw splitting strength test of an asphalt mixture is carried out under test conditions of a test temperature of 25 ℃ and a loading rate of 50 mm/min so as to test the water stability of the asphalt mixture;
TABLE 2
comparative example 2: the equivalent waste polystyrene is adopted;
blank control group: pure asphalt;
it can be seen from table 2 that the treated waste plastics obtained by the process of the present invention can be applied to asphalt as an additive, which can greatly improve the performance of asphalt, and especially, the tensile strength of the asphalt mixture added with the treated waste plastics of the present invention is greatly improved compared with that of the asphalt mixture not added with pure asphalt, mainly because the treated waste plastics treated by the process of the present invention are melted with asphalt at 175 ℃, which improves the viscosity and the internal binding force of asphalt, and further improves the adhesion between asphalt and aggregate, thereby improving the water stability of the asphalt mixture.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments, and all the modifications and equivalents of the embodiments may be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A process for recycling waste plastics is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) cleaning:
mixing waste polyethylene and waste polystyrene together, screening, and removing impurities to obtain waste materials;
(2) crushing:
adding the mixture into a pulverizer to be pulverized and sieving to obtain pulverized materials;
(3) acid washing:
adding the obtained crushed material into a pickling solution for pickling, wherein the pickling temperature is 80-85 ℃;
(4) ultrasonic kneading treatment:
adding the crushed materials, sodium stearate and rosin resin into a mixer, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;
and adding the mixture into a double-rotor continuous mixing mill, carrying out melt mixing treatment in an ultrasonic field, carrying out first melt mixing treatment at the temperature of 130-135 ℃, then carrying out second melt mixing treatment at the temperature of 170-175 ℃, and discharging after treatment to obtain the treated waste plastic.
2. The recycling process of waste plastics according to claim 1, characterized in that: and sieving the crushed mixture through a 100-mesh sieve.
3. The recycling process of waste plastics according to claim 1, characterized in that: the preparation method of the pickling solution comprises the following steps:
sequentially adding sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and sodium nitrate into clear water to prepare pickling solution;
the mass fraction of the sulfuric acid is 0.35-4%;
the mass fraction of the phosphoric acid is 1.2-1.6%;
the mass fraction of the sodium nitrate is 0.5-0.7%.
4. The recycling process of waste plastics according to claim 3, characterized in that: the mixing ratio of the pickling solution to the crushed material is 400 mL: 120-130 g;
the pickling time is 45-50 min.
5. The recycling process of waste plastics according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mixing mass ratio of the crushed material, the sodium stearate and the rosin resin is as follows: 90-95: 3-5: 12-16.
6. The recycling process of waste plastics according to claim 5, characterized in that: the rosin resin is hydrogenated rosin resin.
7. The recycling process of waste plastics according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first melting and mixing treatment time is 30-36 min.
8. The recycling process of waste plastics according to claim 1, characterized in that: the second melting and mixing treatment time is 45-50 min.
9. The recycling process of waste plastics according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotating speed of the double-rotor continuous mixing mill is 550 r/min.
10. The treated waste plastic obtained by any one of the processes 1-9 is used as an asphalt modification additive;
the mass percentage of the used amount of the treated waste plastics in the asphalt is as follows: 4 to 4.8 percent.
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