CN112791439A - Supercritical fluid separator - Google Patents
Supercritical fluid separator Download PDFInfo
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- CN112791439A CN112791439A CN202110017147.1A CN202110017147A CN112791439A CN 112791439 A CN112791439 A CN 112791439A CN 202110017147 A CN202110017147 A CN 202110017147A CN 112791439 A CN112791439 A CN 112791439A
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- supercritical fluid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0203—Solvent extraction of solids with a supercritical fluid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/04—Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid
- B01D11/0403—Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid with a supercritical fluid
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Abstract
The invention discloses a supercritical fluid separator, which relates to the technical field of supercritical fluid and comprises a separation kettle, a column-type channel pipe, a spiral plate and a temperature control device, wherein the temperature control device is arranged in the separation kettle and used for regulating and controlling the temperature in the separation kettle, the column-type channel pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the inner side of the separation kettle, the spiral plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the column-type channel pipe, the outer edge of the spiral plate is tightly attached to the inner wall of the separation kettle, an inlet pipe is arranged on the outer side wall of the separation kettle, an outlet pipe is arranged at the top of the separation kettle, a drain pipe is arranged at the bottom of the separation kettle. Through the regulation and control that adopts temperature control device to realize the inside temperature of separation cauldron, make the supercritical fluid gasification, and then separate with the dissolved substance of mixture, and set up the spiral plate, adopt mixture self gravity, centrifugal force effect and air current to flow and make supercritical fluid and dissolved substance separation effectual, it is more convenient to set up the blow off pipe messenger and dissolve the substance recovery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of supercritical fluid, in particular to a supercritical fluid separator.
Background
The supercritical fluid is a third fluid existing separately from a gas and a liquid. When the temperature and pressure reach the critical point, the substance enters a supercritical state, in which the substance appears as a state that is neither a gas nor a liquid, called a supercritical fluid. Carbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas, is the most commonly used supercritical fluid, the critical of whichThe temperature and the critical pressure are mild and are respectively 31.1 ℃ and 7.38 MPa. Supercritical CO2Has the following special properties: (1) the density of the material is close to that of liquid, although the viscosity of the material is higher than that of gas but obviously lower than that of liquid, the diffusion coefficient of the material is 10-100 times that of the liquid, and the surface tension of the material is low, so that the material has good permeability and strong dissolving capacity, and certain components in the material can be extracted. (2) The organic solvent has a four-level moment structure, molecules are in a symmetrical structure, the polarity of the molecules is weak, a large amount of non-polar or low-polar organic matters can be dissolved according to the similarity and intermiscibility principle, and the organic solvent can be applied as a solvent or a medium of organic reaction; (3) low cost, safety, non-flammability, non-explosion, non-toxicity, non-harm and non-corrosiveness. (4) Supercritical CO2The dissolving capacity of a fluid is influenced by its density, i.e. by the influence of pressure and temperature on the dissolving capacity of a supercritical fluid. In recent years, supercritical CO2The fluid technology is remarkably improved and expanded from basic theory research to practical application, and is deeply applied to the fields of supercritical fluid dyeing, supercritical fluid extraction, supercritical fluid chemical reaction, supercritical fluid cleaning technology and the like.
Under the supercritical state, supercritical CO is mixed2The fluid contacts with the substance to be dissolved, and the density, polarity and dielectric constant of the supercritical fluid increase with the increase of the pressure of the closed system, and the components with different polarities can be dissolved by the boosting of a predetermined program, and supercritical CO2The fluid carries the dissolved substance to perform processes of dyeing, extraction, cleaning and the like. Then the supercritical fluid is changed into common gas by the methods of pressure reduction and temperature rise, and dissolved substances are automatically and completely precipitated, thereby achieving the purposes of dyeing, extraction, cleaning and the like. And the separation kettle is used as supercritical CO2The degree of advancement of the key components of the fluid device separation and recovery system directly influences the separation effect of the solute and the carbon dioxide fluid. The existing multi-membrane separator has the problems of complex structure, unsatisfactory separation effect and the like. Therefore, the invention discloses efficient and applicable supercritical CO2The separation kettle in the fluid device has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a supercritical fluid separator, which solves the problems in the prior art and has good separation effect of the supercritical fluid and convenient recovery of dissolved substances.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a supercritical fluid separator which comprises a separation kettle, a vertical column type channel pipe, a spiral plate and a temperature control device, wherein the temperature control device is arranged in the separation kettle and used for regulating and controlling the temperature in the separation kettle, the vertical column type channel pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the inner side of the separation kettle, the spiral plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the vertical column type channel pipe, the outer edge of the spiral plate is tightly attached to the inner wall of the separation kettle, an inlet pipe is arranged on the outer side wall of the separation kettle, an outlet pipe is arranged at the top of the separation kettle, a drain pipe is arranged at the bottom of the separation kettle, and the inlet pipe, the outlet pipe and the drain pipe are respectively communicated with the inside of the.
Preferably, the separation kettle comprises a sealing cover, a separation inner barrel and an inner barrel sealing head, wherein a receiving groove is formed in the top of the separation inner barrel, the sealing cover is fixedly connected with the separation inner barrel and is used for receiving the inside of the groove, a column type channel pipe is fixedly connected to the sealing cover, the inner barrel sealing head is fixedly connected to the bottom of the separation inner barrel, the inlet pipe is arranged on the outer side wall of the separation inner barrel, the sewage discharge pipe is arranged on the outer wall of the inner barrel sealing head, and the outlet pipe is arranged on the outer wall of the sealing cover.
Preferably, the temperature control device comprises a jacket cylinder, a shoulder ring plate, a jacket cylinder end enclosure, a temperature sensor, a temperature control system and a refrigerating unit, wherein the jacket cylinder is arranged on the outer wall of the separation inner cylinder, the top of the jacket cylinder is fixedly connected with one end of the shoulder ring plate, the other end of the shoulder ring plate is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the separation inner cylinder, the bottom of the jacket cylinder is fixedly connected with one end of the jacket cylinder end enclosure, the other end of the jacket cylinder end enclosure is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the inner cylinder end enclosure, the shoulder ring plate, the jacket cylinder and the jacket cylinder end enclosure jointly form a sealed cavity, the temperature sensor is arranged on the outlet pipe and is electrically connected with the temperature control system, the jacket cylinder is provided with a coolant outlet pipe, and the jacket cylinder end enclosure is provided with a coolant inlet pipe, the coolant outlet pipe and the coolant inlet pipe are respectively communicated with the chamber, the coolant outlet pipe and the coolant inlet pipe are respectively communicated with the refrigerating unit, and the refrigerating unit is electrically connected with the temperature control system.
Preferably, the clamping sleeve further comprises a plurality of ear type supports, and the ear type supports are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the clamping sleeve barrel.
Preferably, the sealing cover further comprises a plurality of lifting ring screws, and the lifting ring screws are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sealing cover.
Preferably, the temperature sensor further comprises a hollow pipe, the hollow pipe is provided with a sealed bottom, one end of the sealed bottom of the hollow pipe is arranged in the outlet pipe, the other end of the hollow pipe is arranged outside the outlet pipe, and the temperature sensor is arranged in the hollow pipe.
Preferably, the sealing cover is provided with a plurality of through holes, the bearing groove is provided with a plurality of threaded holes, and the mounting bolts penetrate through the through holes of the sealing cover and are in threaded connection with the threaded holes of the bearing groove.
Preferably, the cover opening device further comprises a plurality of cover opening screws, a plurality of cover opening threaded holes are formed in the sealing cover, the cover opening screws are in threaded connection with the cover opening threaded holes of the sealing cover and can abut against the bearing groove plane of the separating inner cylinder body, and the thread length of the cover opening screws is larger than the thickness of the sealing cover.
Preferably, a sealing ring is further arranged between the sealing cover and the receiving groove of the separation inner cylinder body.
Preferably, the temperature control system is a PLC control system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
according to the supercritical fluid separator provided by the invention, the temperature control device is adopted to realize the regulation and control of the internal temperature of the separation kettle, so that the supercritical fluid is gasified and further separated from the mixed dissolved substances, the spiral plate is arranged, the separation effect of the supercritical fluid and the dissolved substances is good by adopting the self gravity, the centrifugal force action and the airflow flow of the mixture, and the discharge pipe is arranged to facilitate the recovery of the dissolved substances.
Further, the separation cauldron includes sealed lid, barrel and interior barrel head triplex in the separation, and sealed lid, column channel pipe and spiral plate can take out from the barrel in the separation, are convenient for to the inside washing of separator, and divide into the triplex and can not lead to scrapping of whole device because of the damage of certain spare part, and barrel top sets up in the separation and accepts the groove, fixes sealed lid in accepting the inslot, makes sealed lid and separation between the barrel sealed effectual.
Furthermore, a temperature control device consisting of a jacket cylinder, a temperature sensor, a temperature control system, a refrigerating unit and the like is adopted, a coolant in the jacket cylinder and a flow field of supercritical fluid in the separation inner cylinder form counter-flow heat exchange, low-temperature regulation and control of the separation kettle are realized, and the temperature control system is used for controlling the temperature to rise and fall, so that the separation kettle is more intelligent.
Furthermore, a plurality of ear supports are arranged, so that the supercritical fluid separator can be fixed conveniently.
Furthermore, the lifting bolt is arranged, so that the sealing cover can be conveniently lifted by a crane, and the sealing cover can be detached and installed.
Furthermore, the hollow pipe is adopted, the bottom of the hollow pipe is sealed, the sealing performance between the temperature sensor and the interior of the separator can be guaranteed, the contact between the temperature sensor and the supercritical fluid in the interior of the separator can be guaranteed, the damage to the temperature sensor caused by the contact can be further guaranteed, and the service life of the temperature sensor is prolonged.
Furthermore, the mounting bolt is used for fastening the sealing cover, so that the sealing cover is convenient to detach.
Furthermore, the cover opening screw is adopted, the sealing cover can be jacked up only by screwing the cover opening screw, the sealing cover is detached, the operation is simple and convenient, and the damage caused by detaching the sealing cover violently is avoided.
Furthermore, a sealing ring is adopted, so that the sealing effect between the sealing cover and the separated inner cylinder body is ensured.
Furthermore, the temperature control system adopts a PLC control system, and has the effects of convenience in use, high reliability and strong anti-interference capability.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a supercritical fluid separator according to the present invention.
In the figure: 100-a supercritical fluid separator; 1-a separation kettle; 11-a sealing cover; 111-a via; 112-cover opening threaded holes; 12-separating the inner cylinder; 121-a receiving groove; 1211-threaded hole; 13-inner cylinder end socket; 2-column type passage pipes; 3-a spiral plate; 4-a temperature control device; 41-jacket cylinder; 411-coolant outlet pipe; 42-shoulder ring plate; 43-jacket cylinder end socket; 431-coolant inlet pipe; 44-a temperature sensor; 45-temperature control system; 46-a refrigeration unit; 47-a chamber; 5-an inlet pipe; 6-an outlet pipe; 7-a sewage draining pipe; 8-ear type support; 9-a lifting eye screw; 10-hollow pipe; 14-mounting bolts; 15-cover opening screw; 16-sealing ring.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a supercritical fluid separator, which solves the problems in the prior art and has good separation effect and convenient impurity recovery.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
The present invention provides a supercritical fluid separator 100 that can be used for supercritical CO2Fluidic separation, including separation cauldron 1, column passageway pipe 2, spiral plate 3 and temperature control device 4, temperature control device 4 sets up and is used for the inside temperature of regulation and control separation cauldron 1 in separation cauldron 1, 1 inboard top in separation cauldron is managed 2 fixed connection in column passageway, 3 fixed connection of spiral plate are on 2 outer walls in column passageway pipe, 1 inner wall in separation cauldron is hugged closely to the outward flange of spiral plate 3, be equipped with import pipe 5 on the 1 lateral wall in separation cauldron, 1 top in separation cauldron is equipped with outlet pipe 6, 1 bottom in separation cauldron is equipped with blow off pipe 7, import pipe 5 communicates with 1 inside of separation cauldron respectively with outlet pipe 6 and blow off pipe 7. Supercritical CO entering supercritical fluid separator 1002Before fluid (the pressure range is 7.38-20 MPa, the temperature range is 31.1-100 ℃) enters the separation kettle 1, the pressure reduction treatment is carried out through a pneumatic valve device, the critical pressure intensity (smaller than 7.38MPa) is achieved, the temperature is adjusted to be lower than 31.1 ℃ through adjusting and controlling the internal temperature of the separation kettle 1 through a temperature control device 4, the supercritical fluid is gasified and then separated from mixed dissolved substances, the spiral plate 3 is arranged, the separation effect of the supercritical fluid and the dissolved substances is good through the mixture self gravity, the centrifugal force effect and the airflow flowing, and the dissolved substances are recovered more conveniently through the arrangement of the drain pipe 7.
The separation kettle 1 comprises a sealing cover 11, a separation inner barrel body 12 and an inner barrel body sealing head 13, a receiving groove 121 is arranged at the top of the separation inner barrel body 12, the sealing cover 11 is fixedly connected in the receiving groove 121 of the separation inner barrel body 12, a vertical column type channel pipe 2 is fixedly connected on the sealing cover 11, the inner barrel body sealing head 13 is fixedly connected at the bottom of the separation inner barrel body 12, an inlet pipe 5 is arranged on the outer side wall of the separation inner barrel body 12, the inlet pipe 5 is tangent to the outer wall of the separation inner barrel body 12, a drain pipe 7 is arranged on the outer wall of the inner barrel body sealing head. The separation kettle 1 comprises three parts, namely a sealing cover 11, a separation inner cylinder body 12 and an inner cylinder body end enclosure 13, wherein the sealing cover 11, a column type channel pipe 2 and a spiral plate 3 can be taken out of the separation inner cylinder body 12, so that the inside of the supercritical separator 100 is convenient to clean, the separation kettle is divided into three parts, the whole device cannot be scrapped due to the damage of a certain part, a bearing groove 121 is arranged at the top of the separation inner cylinder body 12, the sealing cover 11 is fixed in the bearing groove 121, and the sealing effect between the sealing cover 11 and the separation inner cylinder body 12 is good; and analysis of fluid simulation software shows that when the inlet pipe 5 is tangent to the outer wall of the separation inner cylinder 12, the separation effect of the supercritical fluid is superior to that of other connection forms.
The temperature control device 4 comprises a jacket cylinder 41, a shoulder ring plate 42, a jacket cylinder end enclosure 43, a temperature sensor 44, a temperature control system 45 and a refrigerating unit 46, wherein the jacket cylinder 41 is arranged on the outer wall of the separation inner cylinder 12, the top of the jacket cylinder 41 is fixedly connected with one end of the shoulder ring plate 42, the other end of the shoulder ring plate 42 is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the separation inner cylinder 12, the bottom of the jacket cylinder 41 is fixedly connected with one end of the jacket cylinder end enclosure 43, the other end of the jacket cylinder end enclosure 43 is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the inner cylinder end enclosure 13, the shoulder ring plate 42, the jacket cylinder 41 and the jacket cylinder end enclosure 43 form a sealed chamber 47 together, the temperature sensor 44 is arranged on the outlet pipe 6 and is electrically connected with the temperature control system 45, the jacket cylinder 41 is provided with a coolant outlet pipe 411, the jacket cylinder end enclosure 43 is provided with a coolant inlet pipe 431, the coolant outlet, the coolant outlet pipe 411 and the coolant inlet pipe 431 are respectively communicated with the refrigerator group 46, and the refrigerator group 46 is electrically connected with the temperature control system 45. The temperature control device 4 comprises a jacket cylinder 41, a temperature sensor 44, a temperature control system 45, a refrigerating unit 46 and the like, wherein a coolant in the jacket cylinder 41 and a flow field of a supercritical fluid in the separation inner cylinder 12 form counter-flow heat exchange, the temperature control system 45 controls the quantity of the cooling agent released by the refrigerating unit 46 according to a temperature value measured by the temperature sensor 44, so that low-temperature regulation and control of the separation kettle 1 are realized, and the temperature control system 45 controls the temperature in the separation kettle 1, so that the separation kettle is more intelligent.
The supercritical fluid separator 100 further comprises a plurality of ear supports 8, and the ear supports 8 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the jacket cylinder 41. A plurality of ear-type mounts 8 are provided to facilitate securing the supercritical fluid separator 100.
The supercritical fluid separator 100 further comprises a plurality of lifting bolts 9, and the lifting bolts 9 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sealing cover 11. The lifting bolt 9 is arranged, so that the sealing cover 11 can be conveniently lifted by a crane, and the sealing cover 11 can be detached and installed.
The supercritical fluid separator 100 further comprises a plurality of mounting bolts 14, the sealing cover 11 is provided with a plurality of through holes 111, the receiving groove 121 is provided with a plurality of threaded holes 1211, and the mounting bolts 14 penetrate through the through holes 111 of the sealing cover 11 and are in threaded connection with the threaded holes 1211 of the receiving groove 121. The mounting bolts 14 are used for fastening the sealing cover 11, facilitating the removal of the sealing cover 11.
The supercritical fluid separator 100 further comprises a plurality of cover opening screws 15, a plurality of cover opening threaded holes 112 are formed in the sealing cover 11, the cover opening screws 15 are in threaded connection with the cover opening threaded holes 112 of the sealing cover 11 and can abut against the plane of the bearing groove 121 of the separating inner cylinder body 12, and the thread length of the cover opening screws 15 is larger than the thickness of the sealing cover 11. The cover opening screw 15 is adopted, the sealing cover 11 can be jacked up only by screwing the cover opening screw 15, and then the sealing cover 11 is disassembled, so that the operation is simple and convenient, and the damage caused by disassembling the sealing cover 11 violently is also avoided.
A sealing ring 16 is arranged between the sealing cover 11 and the receiving groove 121 of the separating inner cylinder body 12. The sealing effect between the sealing cover 11 and the separated inner cylinder 12 is ensured.
The temperature control system 45 is a PLC control system. The temperature control system 45 adopts a PLC control system, and has the effects of convenience in use, high reliability and strong anti-interference capability.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying a specific example, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A supercritical fluid separator, characterized by: including separation cauldron, column passageway pipe, spiral plate and temperature control device, temperature control device sets up be used for the regulation and control in the separation cauldron the inside temperature of separation cauldron, column passageway pipe fixed connection is in the inboard top of separation cauldron, spiral plate fixed connection is in on the column passageway outer wall, the outward flange of spiral plate is hugged closely the separation cauldron inner wall, be equipped with the import pipe on the separation cauldron lateral wall, the separation cauldron top is equipped with the outlet pipe, the separation cauldron bottom is equipped with the blow off pipe, the import pipe with the outlet pipe reaches the blow off pipe respectively with the inside intercommunication of separation cauldron.
2. The supercritical fluid separator according to claim 1, wherein: the separation kettle comprises a sealing cover, a separation inner barrel and an inner barrel end socket, wherein a receiving groove is formed in the top of the separation inner barrel, the sealing cover is fixedly connected in the receiving groove of the separation inner barrel, a column type channel pipe is fixedly connected on the sealing cover, the inner barrel end socket is fixedly connected at the bottom of the separation inner barrel, the inlet pipe is arranged on the outer side wall of the separation inner barrel, the sewage discharge pipe is arranged on the outer wall of the inner barrel end socket, and the outlet pipe is arranged on the outer wall of the sealing cover.
3. The supercritical fluid separator according to claim 2, wherein: the temperature control device comprises a jacket barrel, a shoulder ring plate, a jacket barrel end enclosure, a temperature sensor, a temperature control system and a refrigerating unit, wherein the jacket barrel is arranged on the outer wall of the separation inner barrel, the top of the jacket barrel is fixedly connected with one end of the shoulder ring plate, the other end of the shoulder ring plate is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the separation inner barrel, the bottom of the jacket barrel is fixedly connected with one end of the jacket barrel end enclosure, the other end of the jacket barrel end enclosure is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the inner barrel end enclosure, the shoulder ring plate, the jacket barrel and the jacket barrel end enclosure jointly form a sealed cavity, the temperature sensor is arranged on the outlet pipe and is electrically connected with the temperature control system, a coolant outlet pipe is arranged on the jacket barrel, and a coolant inlet pipe is arranged on the jacket barrel end enclosure, the coolant outlet pipe and the coolant inlet pipe are respectively communicated with the chamber, the coolant outlet pipe and the coolant inlet pipe are respectively communicated with the refrigerating unit, and the refrigerating unit is electrically connected with the temperature control system.
4. The supercritical fluid separator according to claim 3 wherein: the clamping sleeve is characterized by further comprising a plurality of ear type supports, and the ear type supports are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the clamping sleeve barrel.
5. The supercritical fluid separator according to claim 2, wherein: the sealing cover is characterized by further comprising a plurality of lifting ring screws, and the lifting ring screws are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sealing cover.
6. The supercritical fluid separator according to claim 3 wherein: the temperature sensor is characterized by further comprising a hollow pipe, the hollow pipe is sealed at the bottom, one end of the hollow pipe sealed at the bottom is arranged inside the outlet pipe, the other end of the hollow pipe is arranged outside the outlet pipe, and the temperature sensor is arranged inside the hollow pipe.
7. The supercritical fluid separator according to claim 2, wherein: the sealing cover is provided with a plurality of through holes, the bearing groove is provided with a plurality of threaded holes, and the mounting bolts penetrate through the sealing cover and are in threaded connection with the threaded holes of the bearing groove.
8. The supercritical fluid separator according to claim 2, wherein: the cover opening device is characterized by further comprising a plurality of cover opening screws, a plurality of cover opening threaded holes are formed in the sealing cover, the cover opening screws are in threaded connection with the sealing cover, the cover opening threaded holes can be abutted to the bearing groove plane of the separating inner barrel body, and the thread length of the cover opening screws is larger than the thickness of the sealing cover.
9. The supercritical fluid separator according to claim 2, wherein: and a sealing ring is also arranged between the sealing cover and the bearing groove of the separation inner cylinder body.
10. The supercritical fluid separator according to claim 3 wherein: the temperature control system is a PLC control system.
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CN202110017147.1A CN112791439A (en) | 2021-01-07 | 2021-01-07 | Supercritical fluid separator |
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CN202110017147.1A CN112791439A (en) | 2021-01-07 | 2021-01-07 | Supercritical fluid separator |
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