CN112787081A

CN112787081A - Massive MIMO array antenna and base station

Info

Publication number: CN112787081A
Application number: CN202011622742.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周献庭; 冯彬; 古家华
Original assignee: Shenzhen Huilianda Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Huilianda Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-31
Filing date: 2020-12-31
Publication date: 2021-05-11

Abstract

The invention provides a Massive MIMO array antenna and a base station, comprising: the feed sheet comprises a first quadrant region, a second quadrant region, a third quadrant region and a fourth quadrant region, the first quadrant region and the second quadrant region are in phase, the third quadrant region and the fourth quadrant region are in phase, the first quadrant region is at least provided with a first feed point and a second feed point, the second quadrant region is at least provided with a third feed point and a fourth feed point, the feed lines at least comprise a first branch and a second branch, the first branch is respectively and electrically connected with the first feed point and the second feed point, and the second branch is respectively and electrically connected with the third feed point and the fourth feed point. According to the Massive MIMO array antenna and the base station provided by the invention, the mutual coupling between adjacent arrays can be obviously reduced.

Description

Massive MIMO array antenna and base station

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a Massive MIMO array antenna and a base station.

Background

Massive MIMO technology plays a crucial role in 5G applications. The Massive MIMO array antenna uses a plurality of transmitting antennas and a plurality of receiving antennas at a transmitting end and a receiving end respectively, so that signals are transmitted and received through the plurality of antennas at the transmitting end and the receiving end, the system channel capacity can be improved in a multiplied way, and the Massive MIMO array antenna is regarded as a core technology of 5G mobile communication.

At present, the number of units of a Massive MIMO array antenna is large, so that the overall size of the Massive MIMO array antenna is huge. In order to reduce the size of a Massive MIMO array antenna, the distance between adjacent unit subarrays is smaller and smaller, so that the coupling between the unit subarrays is stronger and stronger, the electric indexes of the unit subarrays and the antenna array are deteriorated, and the communication quality is seriously influenced.

In order to reduce the coupling between adjacent cell sub-arrays, there are two adjustment methods as follows:

firstly, an isolation component is added between adjacent unit sub-arrays, the isolation component is usually welded on the feed board by adopting a metal strip or a copper-clad plate, and in addition, the isolation component and the feed board are integrally formed. However, the adjusting method has higher cost and large processing difficulty, and the weight of the Massive MIMO array antenna is increased;

secondly, the size of the radiating elements is reduced, which is equivalent to increasing the distance between the radiating elements. However, this adjustment method is limited in efficiency by the operating band and bandwidth of the radiating element.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a Massive MIMO array antenna and a base station, which can reduce the processing cost and the coupling between radiation elements.

In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

the invention provides a MASSIVE MIMO array antenna, comprising: the feed sheets and the feed lines are arranged on the second substrate, the vibrators and the feed sheets are arranged correspondingly, the feed sheets comprise first quadrant areas, second quadrant areas, third quadrant areas and fourth quadrant areas, the first quadrant areas and the second quadrant areas are in phase, the third quadrant areas and the fourth quadrant areas are in phase, the first quadrant areas are at least provided with first feed points and second feed points, the second quadrant areas are at least provided with third feed points and fourth feed points, the feed lines at least comprise first branches and second branches, the first branches are respectively and electrically connected with the first feed points and the second feed points, and the line lengths of the first branches collected to the first feed points and the second feed points are equal, the second branches are respectively and electrically connected with the third feeding point and the fourth feeding point, and the lengths of the lines of the second branches collected to the third feeding point and the fourth feeding point are equal.

Wherein the first quadrant region and the second quadrant region are symmetrical with respect to a center line of the feeding sheet.

The first quadrant region is further provided with a fifth feeding point, the fifth feeding point is electrically connected with the first branch circuit, the second quadrant region is further provided with a sixth feeding point, and the sixth feeding point is electrically connected with the second branch circuit.

The feeding sheet is arranged higher than the second substrate, so that the feeding sheet and the feeding circuit are not on the same plane.

The vibrator comprises a top part and a supporting part, the supporting part is arranged close to the edge of the feeding sheet, the supporting part supports the top part to enable the top part to be suspended in the feeding sheet, the top part is provided with a metal layer, the metal layer is far away from the feeding sheet, and the metal layer is used for forming a radiation field.

The supporting part comprises a plurality of supporting columns, one ends of the supporting columns are vertically fixed on the second base plate, and the other ends of the supporting columns support the top part.

The support is a hollow support, and the support is fixed on the second substrate and supports the top part.

Wherein the support member includes four support walls, the feeding tab has four sides, the four support walls are respectively disposed near the four sides, and the support walls support the top member.

Wherein the first branch and the second branch are symmetrically disposed about the feed tab. The invention also provides a base station comprising the MASSIVE MIMO array antenna.

According to the Massive MIMO array antenna and the base station provided by the invention, a plurality of feeding points are arranged on each feeding sheet, so that the size of the feeding sheet can be reduced, the section height can be reduced, a wider working bandwidth can be supported, the mutual coupling between adjacent arrays can be obviously reduced, the isolation, the gain and the cross polarization ratio of the arrays are improved, and the antenna performance is integrally improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a massize MIMO array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic partial structural diagram of a feed tab and a feed line of a massize MIMO array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a partial schematic structural diagram illustrating another example of a feed sheet and a feed line of a massize MIMO array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a partial schematic structural diagram illustrating another example of a feed sheet and a feed line of a massize MIMO array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic partial structural diagram illustrating an element and a feeder circuit of a massize MIMO array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic partial structural diagram illustrating another example of an element and a feeder circuit of a massize MIMO array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a partial structural diagram of another example of an element of a massize MIMO array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description thereof is omitted. The drawings are schematic and the ratio of the dimensions of the components and the shapes of the components may be different from the actual ones.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a masive MIMO array antenna 1, which includes a plurality of elements 10, a plurality of feeding sheets 20, a plurality of feeding lines 30, and a second substrate 40. The feeding sheet 20 and the feeding line 30 are disposed on the second substrate 40, and the vibrator 10 is disposed corresponding to the feeding sheet 20. The feeding sheet 20 includes a first quadrant region a, a second quadrant region B, a third quadrant region C, and a fourth quadrant region D. The first quadrant region a and the second quadrant region B are in phase. The third quadrant region C and the fourth quadrant region D are in phase. The first quadrant region a is provided with at least a first feeding point 21 and a second feeding point 22. The second quadrant region B is provided with at least a third feeding point 23 and a fourth feeding point 24. The number of feeder lines 30 comprises at least a first branch 31 and a second branch 32. The first branch 31 is electrically connected to the first feeding point 21 and the second feeding point 22, respectively, and the lengths of the first branch 31 collected to the first feeding point 21 and the second feeding point 22 are equal to each other. The second branch 32 is electrically connected to the third feeding point 23 and the fourth feeding point 24, respectively, and the lengths of the lines collected by the second branch 32 to the third feeding point 23 and the fourth feeding point 24 are equal. Under the condition, a plurality of feeding points are arranged on each feeding sheet, so that the size of the feeding sheet can be reduced, the section height is reduced, wider working bandwidth can be supported, the mutual coupling between adjacent arrays can be obviously reduced, the isolation degree, the gain and the cross polarization ratio of the arrays are improved, and the antenna performance is integrally improved.

It is understood that the massize MIMO array antenna 1 in fig. 1 is formed by a plurality of element arrays in fig. 2. The elements 10 and the feeding pieces 20 may be provided in one-to-one correspondence.

In some examples, three feed tabs 20 and three vibrators 10 may form one radiating element. It will be appreciated that the radiating element may also be comprised of other numbers of multiple feed strips and oscillators.

As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the first quadrant region a and the second quadrant region B are symmetrical with respect to a center line of the feeding tab 20. Specifically, the feeding tab 20 may have a square shape, and the first quadrant region a, the second quadrant region B, the third quadrant region C, and the fourth quadrant region D may be disposed in a "field" shape with respect to two mutually perpendicular center lines of the feeding tab 20. In the present embodiment, the first feeding point 21 and the third feeding point 23 are symmetrical with respect to the center line of the feeding sheet 20. The second feeding point 22 and the fourth feeding point 24 are symmetrical with respect to the center line of the feeding tab 20.

As shown in fig. 3, the first quadrant region a is also provided with a fifth feeding point 25. The fifth feeding point 25 is electrically connected to the first branch 31. The second quadrant region B is also provided with a sixth feeding point 26. The sixth feeding point 26 is electrically connected to the second branch 32. Thus, the number of feeding points is increased, the size of the feeding sheet can be further reduced, and mutual coupling between arrays is reduced. Specifically, the fifth feeding point 25 may be disposed at a top corner of the feeding tab 20. The sixth feeding point 26 may be disposed at the other vertex of the feeding tab 20.

In this embodiment, the second substrate 40 may be a copper-clad plate or plastic. When the second substrate 40 is a copper-clad plate, the feeding line 30 may be formed by etching. When the second substrate is plastic, the feeding line 30 may be formed by processing a plating line layer.

As shown in fig. 4, the feeding tab 20 may be disposed higher than the second substrate 40, such that the feeding tab 20 and the feeding line 30 are not in the same plane. Therefore, the feed sheet is higher than the feed line by a certain distance, the distance can be set according to actually required frequency bands and bandwidths, the structure is simplified, and meanwhile, the bandwidth adjustment range of the antenna is widened.

As shown in fig. 5, the vibrator 10 includes a top member 11 and a supporting member 12. The support 12 is disposed near an edge of the feeding tab 20. The support 12 supports the top part 12 such that the top part 12 is suspended from the feeding strip 20. The top piece 11 is provided with a metal layer 111. The metal layer 111 is disposed away from the feeding tab 20. The metal layer 111 is used to form a radiation field. Specifically, the feeder line 30 transmits the feed signal to the feed tab 20 by direct connection. The feeding sheet 20 excites a metal layer 111 on top of a vibrator 10 to form a radiation field by electromagnetic coupling. The plane of the feed tab 20 is parallel to the plane of the metal layer 111, the middle is an air medium, and the distance between the feed tab 20 and the metal layer 111 is designed according to the frequency and bandwidth requirements of the antenna.

In the present embodiment, the antenna 1 further includes a reflection plate 50. The second substrate 40 is fixed to the reflection plate 50. In some examples, the back surface of the second substrate 40 away from the vibrator 10 may be metal-plated, which can make the second substrate 40 and the reflection plate 50 better grounded. The back surface of the second substrate 40 may not have a metal plating layer, and the reflective plate 50 may be directly used as a ground layer.

As shown in fig. 5, the support 12 includes a plurality of support columns. One end of the support column is fixed vertically to the second base plate 40 and the other end of the support column supports the top part 12. The support column can be the hot melt post, passes second base plate 40 through the support column, and it is fixed to reuse hot melt instrument to melt the hot melt post root. Automatic production can be realized to the oscillator hot melt, can effectively improve production efficiency. The whole section of the antenna is very low and does not exceed 10 mm. The vibrator 10 may be integrally formed.

As shown in fig. 6, the supporting member 12 is a hollow bracket. The bracket is fixed to the second base plate 40 and supports the top member 11.

As shown in fig. 7, the support member 12 includes four support walls. The feeding tab 20 has four sides, and four supporting walls are provided adjacent to the four sides, respectively, the supporting walls supporting the top member 11.

In the present embodiment, the first branch 31 and the second branch 32 are symmetrically disposed with respect to the feeding tab 20.

The embodiment of the present invention also relates to a base station (not shown), which comprises the massize MIMO array antenna 1 as described above. Details regarding the specific implementation of the masive MIMO array antenna 1 are not described herein.

The above-described embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the above-described embodiments should be included in the protection scope of the technical solution.

Claims

1. A MASSIVE MIMO array antenna is characterized in that the MASSIVE MIMO array antenna comprises a plurality of oscillators, a plurality of feed sheets, a plurality of feed lines and a second substrate, wherein the feed sheets and the feed lines are arranged on the second substrate, the oscillators are arranged corresponding to the feed sheets, the feed sheets comprise a first quadrant area, a second quadrant area, a third quadrant area and a fourth quadrant area, the first quadrant area and the second quadrant area are in phase, the third quadrant area and the fourth quadrant area are in phase, the first quadrant area is at least provided with a first feed point and a second feed point, the second quadrant area is at least provided with a third feed point and a fourth feed point, the feed lines at least comprise a first branch and a second branch, the first branch is electrically connected with the first feed point and the second feed point respectively, and the first branch is equal in line length to the first feed point and the second feed point respectively, the second branches are respectively and electrically connected with the third feeding point and the fourth feeding point, and the lengths of the lines of the second branches collected to the third feeding point and the fourth feeding point are equal.

2. The MASSIVE MIMO array antenna of claim 1, wherein the first quadrant region and the second quadrant region are symmetric about a center line of the feed sheet.

3. The MASSIVE MIMO array antenna of claim 1, wherein the first quadrant region is further provided with a fifth feed point, the fifth feed point being electrically connected to the first branch, and the second quadrant region is further provided with a sixth feed point, the sixth feed point being electrically connected to the second branch.

4. The MASSIVE MIMO array antenna of claim 1, wherein the feed patch is disposed above the second substrate such that the feed patch is not coplanar with the feed line.

5. The MASSIVE MIMO array antenna of claim 1, wherein the elements comprise a top piece and a support piece, the support piece is disposed near an edge of the feeding sheet, the support piece supports the top piece such that the top piece is suspended from the feeding sheet, the top piece is disposed with a metal layer, the metal layer is disposed away from the feeding sheet, the metal layer is used for forming a radiation field.

6. The MASSIVE MIMO array antenna of claim 5, wherein the support members comprise a plurality of support posts, one end of the support posts being vertically fixed to the second substrate and the other end of the support posts supporting the top member.

7. The MASSIVE MIMO array antenna of claim 5, wherein the support is a hollowed-out bracket fixed to the second substrate and supporting the top piece.

8. The MASSIVE MIMO array antenna of claim 5, wherein the support member comprises four support walls, the feed tab having four edges, the four support walls being disposed adjacent to the four edges, respectively, the support walls supporting the top member.

9. The MASSIVE MIMO array antenna of claim 1, wherein the first branch and the second branch are symmetrically disposed about the feed plate.

10. A base station comprising a massize MIMO array antenna according to any of claims 1-9.