CN112786726A - 一种光伏组件的优化结构 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明为一种光伏组件的优化结构，包括若干组光伏组件，每组所述光伏组件由矩阵排布的电池片串联组成，前后相邻两组所述光伏组件之间的距离为X，前后相邻两组所述光伏组件中位于后方的所述光伏组件底部有Y排电池片的正负极之间均连接有二极管一，安装所述二极管一的电池片排数Y与相邻两组所述光伏组件之间的距离X的关系为Y＝round(‑6.36X+11.09)。本发明根据组件设计间距，选择最佳安装二极管一的排数，不仅间距缩小提高了土地利用率、而且还降低了遮挡对组件发电量的影响。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及太阳能组件，特别涉及一种太阳能电池组件的安装排列。
背景技术
发展新能源经济是当今世界历史潮流和必然选择，光伏发电是其中重要的一类新能源，光伏组件是光伏发电系统的核心部件。组件运行过程中，伴有光损失和电损失，减少这两类损失，会提高电站发电量。通常组件会因为遮挡而产生热斑效应，为了防止光伏组件由于热斑效应而被损坏，会在光伏组件20片(60片电池串联的组件)或24片(72片电池串联的组件)电池串联后并联一个旁路二极管一，当电池片出现热斑效应不能发电时，二极管一起到旁路作用，让其它电池串所产生的电流从二极管一流出，使光伏组件继续发电不会因为某一电池片出现问题而产生发电电路不通的情况。但是即使被遮挡电池片所在电池串被旁路掉，被遮挡的电池片仍然在发热，大大降低了电池片的使用寿命。按照光伏设计标准，光伏组件间距设计需满足在冬至日上午9点到下午3点之间前排组件阴影不对后排组件造成遮挡，但早晚依然会存在遮挡，而且若场地较小需要缩小组件间距时，则前排对后排的遮挡更多，后排组件会因遮挡产生热斑效应、组件功率下降，从而影响组件发电量。
发明内容
本发明为了降低遮挡对发电量的影响，本发明提供了一种光伏组件的优化结构，包括若干组光伏组件，每组所述光伏组件由矩阵排布的电池片串联组成，前后相邻两组所述光伏组件之间的距离为X，前后相邻两组所述光伏组件中位于后方的所述光伏组件底部有Y排电池片的正负极之间均连接有二极管一，安装所述二极管一的电池片排数Y与相邻两组所述光伏组件之间的距离X的关系为Y＝round(-6.36X+11.09)。
作为优选，每组所述光伏组件中矩阵排布的电池片位于同一列或同一排的若干个电池片之间串联形成电池组，相邻两个电池组之间串联。电池组可以为横向排布或者竖直排布。
进一步地，相邻两组所述电池组间并联有二极管二。
有益效果：本发明根据组件设计间距，选择最佳安装二极管一的排数，不仅间距缩小提高了土地利用率、而且还降低了遮挡对组件发电量的影响。
附图说明
图1为本发明电池组竖排安装示意图；
图2为本发明电池组横排安装示意图；
图3为本发明光伏组件空间安装示意图；
图4为本发明电池组横向安装示意图；
图5为本发明电池组竖向安装示意图；
1、电池片；2、二极管一；3、二极管二；4、光伏组件
具体实施方式
实施例一
如图所示，一种光伏组件的优化结构，包括若干组光伏组件4，每组所述光伏组件4由矩阵排布的电池片1串联组成，前后相邻两组所述光伏组件4之间的距离为X，前后相邻两组所述光伏组件4中位于后方的所述光伏组件4底部有Y排电池片1的正负极之间均连接有二极管一2，安装所述二极管一2的电池片1排数Y与相邻两组所述光伏组件4之间的距离X的关系为Y＝round(-6.36X+11.09)。如图1所示，本实施例以竖向排布电池片1为例进行说明，同一列电池片1数量为6个，同一排电池片1的数量为8个，底部有两排所述电池片1上均并联有二极管一2。
每组所述光伏组件4中矩阵排布的电池片1位于同一列的若干个电池片1之间串联形成电池组，相邻两个电池组之间串联。相邻两组所述电池组间并联有二极管二3。
实施例二
与实施例一不同在于：如图2所示，本实施例以横向排布电池片1为例进行说明，同一列电池片1数量为6个，同一排电池片1的数量为9个，底部有两排所述电池片1上均并联有二极管一2。每组所述光伏组件4中矩阵排布的电池片1位于同一排的若干个电池片1之间串联形成电池组。
效果验证：常规组件与优化组件均为SEAC60-310W，通过实验对比两种类型组件的发电量，常规与优化的组件分别取20组与相同型号的逆变器和电表相连，朝南安装，倾角23°，搭建并网系统，用电表来记录发电量。两组光伏组件4的间距为1.5m,占地面积约31㎡，根据公式计算，Y＝1.5*-6.36+11.09＝1.55，取整为2，如图1所示，所以安装二极管一2的排数为两排，从底部开始安装，底部两排二极管一2上均并联有二极管一2。
实验结果如下表所示：
装机量：每块组件的功率为310W，整个系统有20组组件，装机量就是310*20/1000＝6.2KWp。
由上表可以看出，同种间距下优化组件比常规组件发电量高，增益了12.4％，说明优化组件应用在阵列中可以降低遮挡对发电量的影响。通过实验充分说明了优化组件可以提高土地利用率和阵列的发电量。
Claims (3)
1.一种光伏组件的优化结构，其特征在于：包括若干组光伏组件(4)，每组所述光伏组件(4)由矩阵排布的电池片(1)串联组成，前后相邻两组所述光伏组件(4)之间的距离为X，前后相邻两组所述光伏组件(4)中位于后方的所述光伏组件(4)底部有Y排电池片(1)的正负极之间均连接有二极管一(2)，安装所述二极管一(2)的电池片(1)排数Y与相邻两组所述光伏组件(4)之间的距离X的关系为Y＝round(-6.36X+11.09)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种光伏组件的优化结构，其特征在于：每组所述光伏组件(4)中矩阵排布的电池片(1)位于同一列或同一排的若干个电池片(1)之间串联形成电池组，相邻两个电池组之间串联。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种光伏组件的优化结构，其特征在于：相邻两组所述电池组间并联有二极管二(3)。
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