CN112783255A - Low-power-consumption circuit based on electric quantity grading management and control and wide voltage range level conversion - Google Patents
Low-power-consumption circuit based on electric quantity grading management and control and wide voltage range level conversion Download PDFInfo
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- CN112783255A CN112783255A CN202110006619.3A CN202110006619A CN112783255A CN 112783255 A CN112783255 A CN 112783255A CN 202110006619 A CN202110006619 A CN 202110006619A CN 112783255 A CN112783255 A CN 112783255A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/625—Regulating voltage or current wherein it is irrelevant whether the variable actually regulated is ac or dc
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-power-consumption circuit based on electric quantity grading management and control and wide voltage range level conversion, which comprises a microprocessor MCU (microprogrammed control unit), a power supply, a low-voltage detection and control circuit, a wide voltage level conversion array, a secondary power supply analog switch and a load, wherein the load is connected with the microprocessor MCU, and the microprocessor MCU controls power-on and power-off; the low-voltage detection and control circuit is connected with the microprocessor MCU and the secondary power supply analog switch; the second-stage power supply analog switch is connected with the microprocessor MCU. According to the invention, through low-voltage detection and wide-voltage-range level conversion, the low-voltage-difference analog switch is utilized to perform graded management and control on power consumption circuits of different levels, and gradual isolation is performed, the power supply of non-essential circuits is closed according to the battery electric quantity state and the working scene, so that the power consumption of the non-essential circuits is reduced to the maximum extent, the battery electric quantity utilization efficiency is improved, and the purpose of prolonging the working time is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a low-power-consumption circuit, in particular to a low-power-consumption circuit based on electric quantity grading management and control and wide voltage range level conversion.
Background
With the development of the internet of things, the micro equipment using the battery as the energy source is more and more widely applied to various types of internet of things equipment and micro low-power-consumption equipment. However, since the battery power is limited, in order to reduce the power consumption as much as possible and prolong the operation time of the device, the device is mostly operated in a low power consumption mode, and the device is designed to be in a wake-on-demand, on-demand communication mode. However, in the conventional internet of things device, in order to keep the operation and communication stable and meet the requirement of compatibility with other devices, the device operation voltage is mostly set to a fixed mode, such as 5V, 3.3V, 1.8V and the like, by using the LDO chip.
As shown in fig. 1, a conventional low-power consumption internet of things device mostly includes a power supply, an LDO voltage regulation component, an MCU, a clock/memory component, an execution component, and the like according to functional division. In order to keep the voltage of each circuit in the subsequent stage stable, the LDO regulator is generally disposed at the foremost end of other circuits except the power supply. The MCU is responsible for communication and logic control, the clock/memory component is responsible for holding time and storing data, and the execution component receives and executes instructions from the MCU.
In most cases, the above circuits work well. However, in a scene that needs a very long standby or needs to keep working for as long as possible, the circuit still has the problem of excessive power consumption:
the problem of the power consumption of the LDO is not negligible, and the power consumption of the LDO comprises two aspects: self power consumption and conversion efficiency. Because the LDO part belongs to the linear voltage-stabilizing part, compared with a DC-DC switch type voltage-stabilizing power supply, the conversion efficiency is not too high generally, the common linear voltage-stabilizing part is not more than 50 percent generally, and the efficiency of the LDO part is improved to some extent compared with the common linear voltage-stabilizing part, but is not more than 70 percent generally. Meanwhile, since the LDO is disposed at the foremost end, it itself needs to consume a certain current in order to maintain the voltage output regardless of whether the subsequent stage circuit operates.
Standby power consumption of the latter stage components. Although the subsequent stage components are in a standby state most of the time, a certain amount of standby consumption still exists due to the power-up state of the subsequent stage chips (such as driving circuits and the like) and peripheral components (such as resistors, transistors and other active devices).
The above power consumption cannot be completely eliminated or kept at a low level due to the circuit design and the requirements of the circuit itself, and is a large energy loss for a device that needs to operate for a long time due to the persistence of such power consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that a low-power-consumption circuit based on electric quantity hierarchical management and control and wide voltage range level conversion utilizes a low-voltage-difference analog switch to carry out hierarchical management and control and gradual isolation on the power-consumption circuits with different levels through a low-voltage detection and wide voltage range level conversion method, and closes the power supply of unnecessary circuits according to the electric quantity state of a battery and a working scene, thereby maximally reducing the power consumption of the unnecessary circuits, improving the utilization efficiency of the electric quantity of the battery and further achieving the purpose of prolonging the working time.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a low-power consumption circuit based on electric quantity grading management and control and wide voltage range level conversion comprises a microprocessor MCU, a power supply, a low-voltage detection and control circuit, a wide voltage level conversion array, a secondary power supply analog switch and a load, wherein the load is connected with the microprocessor MCU, and the microprocessor MCU controls power on and power off;
the low-voltage detection and control circuit is connected with the microprocessor MCU and the secondary power supply analog switch; the second-stage power supply analog switch is connected with and controlled by the microprocessor MCU, and the wide voltage level conversion array is connected with and controlled by the microprocessor MCU and is in normal two-way communication with the rear-stage circuit at different working levels.
As a preferred technical scheme, the microprocessor MCU adopts a low-power consumption MCU which comprises a low-power consumption Bluetooth/WIFI circuit and a logic control circuit.
As a preferred technical scheme, the power supply provides energy for the circuit to work, and the power supply is a dry battery or a nickel-hydrogen battery or a lithium ferrite battery or a farad capacitor.
As a preferred technical solution, the low voltage detection and control circuit is a clock/storage circuit based low voltage detection and control circuit;
the voltage threshold of the low-voltage detection and control circuit is set by the MCU; when the battery voltage is detected to be lower than the set threshold value, the analog switch is closed, and when the battery voltage is detected to be higher than the threshold value, the analog switch BG1 is opened, and the microprocessor MCU starts to operate.
Preferably, the low dropout voltage regulator circuit is further included, and converts the former-stage unstable voltage into a stable voltage and supplies the stable voltage to the wide voltage level conversion array and the load.
As a preferred technical scheme, more than one secondary power supply analog switch is arranged.
Preferably, the power supply further comprises a backup battery, and the backup battery is used for backup power supply of each circuit after the power supply is powered off.
Compared with the traditional low-power consumption circuit, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the circuit is subjected to three-level energy consumption management and control with extremely low power consumption, low power consumption and high energy consumption, energy sources are distributed step by step according to the energy consumption level and the importance degree, the electricity supply condition is detected in real time, and the power supply of related circuits is cut off step by step according to the electricity state, so that unnecessary static power consumption is eliminated;
an intelligent algorithm can be integrated in the MCU, when the power supply of the equipment is in an unstable power supply state (such as portable battery power supply equipment and equipment in the field, and external unstable energy sources of wind power and solar energy are used for supplying power), the equipment can intelligently select an optimal working state according to different conditions, so that the equipment is ensured to be in a reliable working state to the maximum extent, and the service life is prolonged;
3, the MCU can still respond according to a user instruction or report the current working state of the equipment in real time under a very low voltage level, thereby providing convenience for remote maintenance or monitoring;
4. the invention realizes the unit array capable of realizing bidirectional level conversion in a wide voltage range, and ensures that the circuit can still realize normal bidirectional communication after the voltage is continuously increased or reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a wide voltage level shifting array according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "one end", "the other end", "outside", "upper", "inside", "horizontal", "coaxial", "central", "end", "length", "outer end", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Further, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
The use of terms such as "upper," "above," "lower," "below," and the like in describing relative spatial positions herein is for the purpose of facilitating description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. The spatially relative positional terms may be intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "below" can encompass both an orientation of above and below. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly
In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "sleeved," "connected," "penetrating," "plugged," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
As shown in fig. 1, the low power consumption circuit based on electric quantity classification management and control and wide voltage range level conversion of the present invention includes a microprocessor MCU, a power supply, a low voltage detection and control circuit, a wide voltage level conversion array, a secondary power analog switch and a load, wherein the load is connected to the microprocessor MCU and is controlled by the microprocessor MCU to be powered on or powered off;
the low-voltage detection and control circuit is connected with the microprocessor MCU and the secondary power supply analog switch; the second-stage power supply analog switch is connected with and controlled by the microprocessor MCU, and the wide voltage level conversion array is connected with and controlled by the microprocessor MCU and is in normal two-way communication with the rear-stage circuit at different working levels.
In this embodiment, the microprocessor MCU is a low power consumption MCU, which includes a low power consumption bluetooth/WIFI circuit and a logic control circuit.
In this embodiment, the wide voltage level conversion array further includes a low dropout voltage regulator circuit, where the low dropout voltage regulator circuit converts a previous unstable voltage into a stable voltage and supplies the stable voltage to the wide voltage level conversion array and the load.
The power supply is used for providing energy for the circuit to work, and can be a dry battery, a nickel-hydrogen battery, a lithium ferrite battery or other storage batteries or even a farad capacitor according to application scenes.
The low-voltage detection and control circuit based on the clock/storage circuit is used for detecting the change of the battery voltage, and the voltage threshold value of the low-voltage detection and control circuit can be set by the MCU; when the analog switch BG1 is closed, the analog switch BG1 (composed of MOS transistor, transistor or other analog switches) can be closed when it detects that the battery voltage is lower than the set threshold value, so as to prevent the battery from over-discharging, and prevent the subsequent circuit from abnormal operation or giving out error instructions in abnormal voltage range. When the battery voltage is detected to be higher than the threshold value, the analog switch BG1 can be turned on, and the MCU starts to operate.
The microprocessor is used for the MCU to be responsible for carrying out Bluetooth communication with other equipment, sending an operation instruction to a rear-stage circuit or receiving feedback from the rear-stage circuit. The MCU supports a low-power consumption working mode and can normally run in a wide voltage range. When the rear-stage circuit needs to work, the analog switch BG2 is turned on, the LDO and the level conversion circuit are started, and the rear-stage circuit enters a working state and receives an instruction from the MCU.
The second-stage power supply analog switch is controlled by the MCU and consists of an MOS tube, a transistor or other analog switches, when the MCU needs to execute specific operation, the LDO and the level conversion array start to work, and a power supply or a communication channel is provided for a later-stage high-energy-consumption circuit. When the analog switch is turned off, the analog switch including the LDO, the level conversion array and the high-power-consumption circuit is turned off, and only the MCU is reserved for communicating with the outside or performing data configuration and reading operation.
The LDO is a linear voltage-stabilized power supply (or a DC-DC voltage-stabilized circuit) and is used for converting a front-stage unstable voltage into a specific stable voltage and ensuring the stability of a rear-stage circuit.
In this embodiment, the wide voltage level conversion array is a core component of the present invention, and can be turned on or off under the control of the MCU, and when the working levels of the front-stage circuit and the rear-stage circuit are not consistent (usually, the battery voltage changes), the component is required to be able to implement high-low level conversion within a very wide voltage range, thereby ensuring normal bidirectional communication with the rear-stage circuit at different working levels. For reference, as shown in fig. 3. Fig. 3 is one implementation form of the internal circuit unit of the component, and VA and VB are required to be greater than the saturation conducting voltage of the MOS transistor and lower than the limit operating voltage of the MOS transistor, so that the circuit can perform bidirectional level conversion between VA and VB levels.
In this embodiment, the load is generally an actuator, including an electromechanical device or other power component. The working state of the device is controlled by the MCU. When the chip is in a non-working state, the power supply of all components including the peripheral circuit of the chip is cut off, and the electric quantity consumption is minimized.
Compared with the traditional low-power consumption circuit, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the circuit is subjected to three-level energy consumption management and control with extremely low power consumption, low power consumption and high energy consumption, energy sources are distributed step by step according to the energy consumption level and the importance degree, the electricity supply condition is detected in real time, and the power supply of related circuits is cut off step by step according to the electricity state, so that unnecessary static power consumption is eliminated;
an intelligent algorithm can be integrated in the MCU, when the power supply of the equipment is in an unstable power supply state (such as portable battery power supply equipment and equipment in the field, and external unstable energy sources of wind power and solar energy are used for supplying power), the equipment can intelligently select an optimal working state according to different conditions, so that the equipment is ensured to be in a reliable working state to the maximum extent, and the service life is prolonged;
3, the MCU can still respond according to a user instruction or report the current working state of the equipment in real time under a very low voltage level, thereby providing convenience for remote maintenance or monitoring;
4. the invention realizes the unit array capable of realizing bidirectional level conversion in a wide voltage range, and ensures that the circuit can still realize normal bidirectional communication after the voltage is continuously increased or reduced.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that are not thought of through the inventive work should be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope defined by the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a low-power consumption circuit based on hierarchical management and control of electric quantity and wide voltage range level conversion which characterized in that: the system comprises a microprocessor MCU, a power supply, a low-voltage detection and control circuit, a wide voltage level conversion array, a secondary power supply analog switch and a load, wherein the load is connected with the microprocessor MCU and is controlled to be powered on or powered off by the microprocessor MCU;
the low-voltage detection and control circuit is connected with the microprocessor MCU and the secondary power supply analog switch; the second-stage power supply analog switch is connected with and controlled by the microprocessor MCU, and the wide voltage level conversion array is connected with and controlled by the microprocessor MCU and is in normal two-way communication with the rear-stage circuit at different working levels.
2. The power-scaling and wide-voltage-range level shifting-based low power consumption circuit of claim 1, wherein: and the microprocessor MCU adopts a low-power consumption MCU which comprises a low-power consumption Bluetooth/WIFI circuit and a logic control circuit.
3. The power-scaling and wide-voltage-range level shifting-based low power consumption circuit of claim 1, wherein: the power supply provides energy for circuit work, and the power supply is a dry battery or a nickel-hydrogen battery or a lithium ferrite battery or a farad capacitor.
4. The power-scaling and wide-voltage-range level shifting-based low power consumption circuit of claim 1, wherein: the low-voltage detection and control circuit is a clock/storage circuit-based low-voltage detection and control circuit;
the voltage threshold of the low-voltage detection and control circuit is set by the MCU; when the battery voltage is detected to be lower than the set threshold value, the analog switch is closed, and when the battery voltage is detected to be higher than the threshold value, the analog switch BG1 is opened, and the microprocessor MCU starts to operate.
5. The power-scaling and wide-voltage-range level shifting-based low power consumption circuit of claim 1, wherein: the low dropout voltage regulator circuit converts the previous-stage unstable voltage into stable voltage and supplies the stable voltage to the wide voltage level conversion array and the load.
6. The power-scaling and wide-voltage-range level shifting-based low power consumption circuit of claim 1, wherein: more than one secondary power supply analog switch is arranged.
7. The power-scaling and wide-voltage-range level shifting-based low power consumption circuit of claim 1, wherein: the power supply also comprises a backup battery, and the backup battery is used for backup power supply of each circuit after the power supply is powered off.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110006619.3A CN112783255A (en) | 2021-01-05 | 2021-01-05 | Low-power-consumption circuit based on electric quantity grading management and control and wide voltage range level conversion |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110006619.3A CN112783255A (en) | 2021-01-05 | 2021-01-05 | Low-power-consumption circuit based on electric quantity grading management and control and wide voltage range level conversion |
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| CN112783255A true CN112783255A (en) | 2021-05-11 |
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| CN202110006619.3A Pending CN112783255A (en) | 2021-01-05 | 2021-01-05 | Low-power-consumption circuit based on electric quantity grading management and control and wide voltage range level conversion |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116719384A (en) * | 2023-08-07 | 2023-09-08 | 深圳市思远半导体有限公司 | Detection control circuit and switching circuit |
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2021
- 2021-01-05 CN CN202110006619.3A patent/CN112783255A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116719384A (en) * | 2023-08-07 | 2023-09-08 | 深圳市思远半导体有限公司 | Detection control circuit and switching circuit |
| CN116719384B (en) * | 2023-08-07 | 2023-12-15 | 深圳市思远半导体有限公司 | Detection control circuit and switching circuit |
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