CN112782703A

CN112782703A - Imaging device based on ultrasonic ranging

Info

Publication number: CN112782703A
Application number: CN201911094748.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张火明; 丁正旺; 陆萍蓝
Original assignee: China Jiliang University
Current assignee: China Jiliang University
Priority date: 2019-11-11
Filing date: 2019-11-11
Publication date: 2021-05-11

Abstract

The invention provides an imaging device based on ultrasonic ranging, and belongs to the technical field of measurement and mapping. The ultrasonic sensor distance measuring device is mainly composed of a single chip microcomputer control display module (1), a stepping motor (2), an ultrasonic sensor distance measuring module (3), a rotating platform (4) and a power supply module (5). The single chip microcomputer controls the stepping motor to drive the rotating platform to rotate, the ultrasonic sensor ranging module is arranged on the rotating platform to measure the distance of the surrounding environment, the measured distance is returned to the single chip microcomputer and can be displayed on the display screen in real time, the single chip microcomputer processes the measured distance data by using a program algorithm to obtain coordinate points, and the distribution situation of the coordinate points is displayed on the display screen, so that the real-time environment distribution general is obtained. The device can be applied to the detection of the environment distribution condition of other small-range unknown regions such as small-range space and narrow caves, improves the safety of people in the detection process, and has strong practicability and application prospect.

Description

Imaging device based on ultrasonic ranging

Technical Field

The invention relates to an imaging device for measuring distance by using an ultrasonic sensor, in particular to a detection imaging device for measuring the distance and drawing an image of the surrounding environment by driving a sensor distance measuring platform to rotate under the control of a singlechip controlled stepping motor, belonging to the technical field of measurement and mapping.

Background

Under the background of rapid development of the current society, scientific technology is rapidly developed, and the speed of the computer science technology is not accelerated. Under the development of science and technology, the distance measurement field starts to develop from traditional wired distance measurement to wireless distance measurement step by step, and people have higher and higher requirements on the wireless distance measurement, and the high accuracy is ensured, and meanwhile, the precision is higher than that of the traditional distance measurement. The application of this aspect has penetrated aspects of social life.

When people detect some unknown regions, such as narrow cellars, underground caves and the like. The severe environment provides more technical requirements which are more in line with the use environment for the application of wireless ranging, and the product is required to have strong environmental adaptability, high stability and the like. Among the numerous requirements, ultrasonic ranging can meet the numerous and severe requirements, and becomes one of the mainstream technologies for wirelessly measuring distance. A technique of measuring a distance using an ultrasonic sensor is a non-contact distance detection technique. The method has the advantages that the influence of the environment of the measured object on the light is small, the adaptability in severe environment is strong, the directivity of the ultrasonic wave is good, and the emission frequency is easy to control, so that the method plays an important role in the field of wireless ranging and obtains a large amount of practical application in various industries. Therefore, it can be seen that the distance measurement using the ultrasonic sensor is one of the mainstream technologies.

Disclosure of Invention

The device is intended to be used for roughly detecting the environment distribution situation when people need to detect an unknown space, thereby obtaining the internal situation. The device mainly adopts the singlechip to control and operate the whole device, and singlechip control step motor drives sensor range finding platform rotation and carries out distance measurement, and when finding range, distance data can show in real time on the display screen, then the singlechip utilizes measured data to carry out coordinate calculation processing and obtains the figure and show, and the figure of feedback is exactly the environmental distribution condition of surveying on the display screen, and this is exactly the device's practicality meaning.

The single chip microcomputer adopted by the invention is STM32F429, so the adopted display is RGB070M1 and is used for matching with the single chip microcomputer, the liquid crystal module can be conveniently connected with the single chip microcomputer, and the distribution condition of the surrounding environment can be intuitively reflected by utilizing the imaging of the display screen.

The stepping motor adopted by the invention is a two-phase four-wire stepping motor, is powered by 12V voltage and is used for driving the sensor ranging platform to rotate by 90 degrees. In order to enable the motor to work normally, a motor driver is required, and the A4988 motor driver is adopted by the device.

In order to supply power to the singlechip, the power adapter is adopted to supply power to the stepping motor, but the voltage value is large, so that 12V power voltage is converted into 5V power voltage to supply power to the singlechip in order to achieve a certain voltage, and an XL4005 voltage reduction module is added in order to realize the function.

In order to realize scanning measurement of the periphery, four ultrasonic sensors are adopted for distance measurement, the four sensors are arranged on the four sides of a rotating platform, and a stepping motor is used for driving the platform to rotate for measurement.

In order to adapt to measurement under different ambient temperatures, the invention can adopt a sensor with temperature compensation or add a temperature compensation module in the whole hardware layout to reduce the measurement error caused by different ambient temperatures.

Different with fixed sensor range finding platform is that this device places ultrasonic sensor range finding platform on step motor, utilizes step motor to drive rotary platform and comes and goes rotatory 90 degrees angles, consequently can be better accomplish the scanning of whole environment and handle, has reduced because the influence of certain aspects that ultrasonic sensor measurement blind area brought, can obtain more accurate detection imaging conditions. The stepping motor is utilized to drive the ranging platform to rotate, so that the distribution profile of surrounding environment objects can be well reflected, and the positioning accuracy is improved to a certain extent. Due to the design principle of the device, not only can a required pattern be obtained, but also the measured distance can be fed back in real time, and therefore, the device is also advantageous.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the device. The specific components are respectively a singlechip control display module (1), a stepping motor (2) and an ultrasonic sensor

The device comprises a distance measuring module (3), a rotary platform (4) and a power supply module (5).

Figures 2 and 3 are front and side views of a rotary platform for carrying an ultrasonic sensor.

Fig. 4 is a power module for supplying power to the single chip and the stepping motor.

Fig. 5 is a block flow diagram of the operation of the apparatus.

Figure 6 is a simulated imaging pattern.

Detailed Description

The device adopts the singlechip as a core control unit of the whole device, utilizes a pin in a singlechip circuit to generate a trigger signal for the work of the ultrasonic sensor ranging module, obtains a time difference by the singlechip according to the time of transmitting a pulse and the echo time received by a receiving port, combines the known ultrasonic speed, obtains the distance between a sensor and a measured object according to a formula of a time ranging method, and transmits the distance to an upper computer interface through serial port communication. In addition, in order to make the measuring range wider, a distance measuring platform provided with four ultrasonic sensors is arranged on a rotating shaft of a stepping motor, and the stepping motor converts an electric pulse control signal into mechanical angular displacement. Under the action of an external power supply, the rotor rotates by a corresponding angle every time the motor receives one pulse. The stepping motor is controlled by the singlechip, so that the stepping motor can stably run. The stepping motor is an execution element and is used for driving the sensor ranging platform to rotate back and forth by an angle of 90 degrees. And measuring the distance from the object in the surrounding environment to the platform, and transferring the distance to a subsequent unit for processing. In order to display a graphic, the device adopts the idea of point set imaging. And during imaging, a two-dimensional coordinate system is established by taking the rotating shaft of the stepping motor as an original point. The distance obtained after scanning of each sensor is processed according to a program algorithm to obtain coordinates, the coordinates are displayed on a display screen in a point form, the coordinate positions of all positions after scanning can be obtained by linking the coordinate points, and the formed collection graph of a pile of points can be regarded as the approximate distribution condition of the surrounding environment object.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an image device based on ultrasonic ranging, the device mainly by single chip microcomputer control display module (1) step motor (2), ultrasonic sensor range finding module (3), rotary platform (4), power module (5) are constituteed, STM32F429 is chooseed for use to the singlechip, and whole device accomplishes the range finding under single chip microcomputer control, motor drive, the rotation of platform and final coordinate point set image.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein the four ultrasonic sensors are connected to a synchronous motor on the rotary platform, and the motor drives the rotary platform to rotate back and forth by 90 degrees, so as to better complete the scanning of the whole environment and display the information on a display screen matched with the single chip microcomputer.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the 3D printing rotary platform and an RGB liquid crystal module.

4. A device according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that a stepping motor is incorporated.

5. The device of claim 4, wherein the device has a single-chip microcomputer control system.

6. A device according to claim 4 or 5, wherein a power supply module is provided.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the voltage reduction module and the motor driver chip are disposed therein.