CN112782656A

CN112782656A - Standing wave radar state detection device

Info

Publication number: CN112782656A
Application number: CN202011308609.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 斋藤光正; 斋藤纯辉; 斋藤真辉; 雨田基宏; 青木久佳
Original assignee: Cq S Network; Shenzhen Benxiang Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Cq S Network; Hushitong (Shanghai) Technology Development Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2019-11-20
Filing date: 2020-11-20
Publication date: 2021-05-11

Abstract

A standing wave radar state detection device is provided, in which a distance spectrum calculator removes a DC component from an intensity distribution of a frequency of a synthesized wave of standing wave detection, and converts the DC component to obtain a distance spectrum. A difference detector calculates a difference between the distance spectra by subtracting the reference time distance spectrum from the distance spectrum, and calculates the difference distance spectrum over time. The intensity of the top end of the differential distance spectrum of the detector is changed by a change in the dielectric constant of the measurement object. Therefore, the state before freezing is detected by a decrease in the water occupancy of the food material to be measured. The controller controls the food material to be in a non-frozen state from the state before freezing detected by the detector. Therefore, it is possible to detect changes over time in the moisture or the like of the measurement object, to keep the freshness of the food, to find abnormal parts of the human body, to detect the activity of plants, to detect the sweat amount of the human body, or the like.

Description

Standing wave radar state detection device

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a state detection device using a standing wave radar, which can measure a distance to a measurement object and detect a dielectric constant state of the measurement object.

Background

In the past, in a nursing mechanism, a nursing person cannot monitor that a person being nursed who is lying in bed discharges excrement in a urine bag. Therefore, caregivers can only periodically spot check the diapers of cared persons or change the diapers in order to eliminate the uncomfortable feeling of the cared persons and also to maintain the cleanness and the sanitation. Further, in order to check the dryness of the washed laundry, the check was made only by touching with hands during the airing process after the washing of the laundry. Therefore, it is impossible to detect a continuous moisture change of the laundry, and further it is impossible to detect a state change related to the moisture content in the target object or the like from a long distance and with time.

In patent document 1, a radio wave sensor transmits a radio wave to a road surface, a reflected wave from a reflecting surface is received by the radio wave sensor, a distance from the radio wave sensor to the reflecting surface is calculated by a time from transmission of the radio wave to reception of the radio wave, a reflection intensity of the reflected wave is calculated, a height of the reflecting surface is determined from the distance to the reflecting surface, and whether the state of the road surface is wet, normal, or frozen is determined from the reflection intensity.

Patent document 2 discloses a technique for detecting a dangerous situation of a human body using a standing wave radar. In patent document 2, a standing wave of a composite wave of a transmission wave and a reception wave is detected, a distance component is extracted from a frequency distribution thereof to obtain a distance to a target object, and a respiration rate and a pulse rate of the target object are obtained from a phase component.

However, the technique of patent document 1 uses a microwave pulse signal, and basically finds the distance to the reflecting surface from the time from the transmission of the radio wave to the reception of the radio wave. As described above, in consideration of the velocity of the microwave, if the electric wave sensor is not installed at a high position (for example, 10 meters) above the road, the reflected wave cannot be received, and in short, some problems occur: when a radio wave sensor is installed outdoors, a large space is required. In addition, when a lot of washed laundry is hung on a roof or on a balcony, it is difficult for people to know how much moisture is contained in each washed laundry.

Further, the technique of patent document 2 can detect the respiration rate and pulse of the human body. However, since the wave front is delayed, it cannot be detected accurately.

Prior art documents: patent document

Patent document 1: japanese patent document No. 4099659.

Patent document 2: japanese patent document No. 5377689.

Disclosure of Invention

The problems to be solved by the invention are as follows:

the object of the invention is: in view of the above-mentioned improvements, it is an object of the present invention to provide a detector for a standing wave radar, which can detect the distance to a target object even in a small space indoors, can detect the change in moisture or the like of the target object over time, can detect the distance and moisture or the like even when a plurality of target objects exist even when the target objects are close to each other, and is suitable for keeping food fresh, finding abnormal parts of a human body, the activity of plants, and making it possible to understand the sweating of the human body.

Means for solving the problems:

the standing wave radar detector according to the first invention of this application has the following features:

the standing wave detection unit transmits a radio wave of a frequency sweep to the outside through a pair of conductor patch antennas arranged side by side on an insulator substrate and transmitting and receiving the radio wave, and an electromagnetic horn which forms a plane wave to the outside while maintaining a gap. Orthogonally detecting reflected waves received from an external object to be reflected at two points separated by a fixed distance based on the transmission wavelength as received waves, and detecting a standing wave composed of the transmission waves and the received waves;

a distance spectrum calculation unit for removing a direct current component from the frequency intensity distribution of the synthesized wave obtained by the standing wave detection unit, and obtaining a distance spectrum of the distance spectrum by fourier transform;

a difference detection unit that calculates a difference between the distance spectra by subtracting the distance spectra at the time of reference from the distance spectra, and calculates a difference between the distance spectra with time;

a distance calculation unit that obtains a distance to a measurement object from a distance component of the difference distance spectrum;

and a state detection unit for monitoring the change locus of the amplitude of the differential distance spectrum, following the change in the dielectric constant of the detection object. Detecting a freezing limit state by a decrease in the water content ratio of the object to be detected to the food material based on the amplitude change;

and a control unit for controlling the food material to be in a non-frozen state when the freezing limit state is detected by the state detection unit.

The standing wave radar detector relating to the second invention of this application has the following features:

the standing wave detection unit transmits a radio wave of a frequency sweep to the outside by a plane wave formed by the electromagnetic horn. Orthogonally detecting reflected waves received from an external object to be reflected at two points separated by a fixed distance based on the transmission wavelength as received waves, and detecting a standing wave composed of the transmission waves and the received waves;

a distance spectrum calculation unit for calculating a distance spectrum at a predetermined time interval by removing a DC component from the frequency intensity distribution of the synthesized wave and performing Fourier transform on the removed DC component;

a difference detection unit that subtracts a distance spectrum at a sampling time before the previous cycle or a predetermined number of cycles from the distance spectrum, calculates a difference between the distance spectra, and calculates a difference between the distance spectra with time;

In the first and second inventions of the present application, the controller may be constituted as follows: and sending electric waves to the food material through the standing wave detector, and controlling the food material to be in a non-frozen state when the food material is inductively heated.

The standing wave radar detector relating to the third invention of this application has the following features:

a distance spectrum calculation unit for removing a direct current component from the frequency intensity distribution of the synthesized wave detected by the standing wave detector and obtaining a distance spectrum by fourier transform;

a difference detection unit that subtracts the distance spectrum at the reference time from the distance spectrum, calculates a difference between the distance spectra, and calculates a difference between the distance spectra with time;

and a state determination unit for monitoring a change locus of the amplitude of the differential distance spectrum, which changes in accordance with the dielectric constant of the detection object. The change of the amplitude and the change of the dielectric constant are detected, and the foreign matter or abnormal part of the target object, namely the internal organ of the human body is judged.

The standing wave radar detector according to the fourth invention of this application has the following features:

The standing wave radar detector relating to the fifth invention of this application has the following features:

a separation detection unit for subtracting the distance spectrum at the reference time from the distance spectrum, calculating a difference between the distance spectra, and calculating a difference between the distance spectra with time;

and a plant activity state determination unit for monitoring the change locus of the amplitude of the differential distance spectrum, which changes in accordance with the dielectric constant of the detection object. The change of the moisture flowing through the plant branch as the detection object is judged according to the change of the amplitude and the change of the detection dielectric constant.

The standing wave radar detector according to the sixth invention of this application has the following features:

The standing wave radar detector relating to the seventh invention of this application has the following features:

the sweating condition change detecting unit and the amplitude of the differential distance spectrum change in accordance with the dielectric constant of the detection object, and the change locus thereof is monitored. Detecting the change of the sweating condition of the human body as a detection object according to the amplitude change;

an air conditioning control unit controls the ambient air conditioning state of the person based on a change in the perspiration detected by the detection unit.

The standing wave radar detector relating to the eighth invention of this application has the following features:

The invention has the following effects:

these standing wave radar state detectors can obtain a minute displacement of the detection target from the distance calculation unit by the change in the distance spectrum phase. The difference detection unit may extract a plurality of signals having center frequencies corresponding to a plurality of peak positions from the difference in distance spectrum, and the difference distance spectrum output by the distance calculation unit may be used as a band pass filter.

The present invention detects the distance to the measurement object and detects the moisture content of the measurement object. Therefore, the state of the food material at the time of critical freezing of water can be detected from the state detection of the change in water or the like, and the freshness of the food material can be maintained by maintaining this state. In addition, foreign matter or abnormal parts in the human body can be detected. For example: cancer and the like can be distinguished from blood clots and the like. In addition, the flowing water content of the branches and the trunks of the trees can be detected, so that the activity condition of the plants and the like can be remotely monitored. Furthermore, the sweating condition of people can be detected, so that the air outlet of the air conditioner faces to the sweating people, and the air volume of the air conditioner can be controlled according to the sweating quantity.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a standing wave radar state detector according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a standing wave radar status detector according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the basic structure of the standing wave radar.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the wavelength of a transmission wave.

Fig. 5 is a power diagram of the composite wave.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram after fourier transform.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the power of the synthesized wave.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the basic structure of a standing wave radar for a complex object.

Fig. 9 is a graph showing the spectrum of the target component Pa (fd, o).

Fig. 10 is a waveform diagram showing the structure of the differential detector.

Fig. 11 is a graph of distance spectra for two cases of interest.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the true and imaginary parts of the synthesized wave spectrum.

Fig. 13 is an external view of an LED lighting fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention and a vertical sectional view showing the structure thereof.

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram showing a relationship between the dielectric constant and the freezing of the food material.

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the present invention for breast cancer diagnosis.

FIG. 16 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of detecting the flowing water content of the plant branches.

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of an embodiment for detecting the sweating state of a human body.

Fig. 18 is a schematic view showing that a radiation wave surface is emitted in a spherical shape when a radio wave is emitted.

Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of a wavefront forming a plane wave at the exit of an electromagnetic horn when the wavefront of a spherical electric wave is emitted.

Fig. 20 is a schematic view of a radiation surface having a radio wave in the Y direction.

Fig. 21 is a schematic view showing radiation of radio waves from a patch antenna.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is a histogram of a standing wave radar moisture detection device. The standing wave detector 2 is constituted as a standing wave radar module in which a 24GHz high frequency transceiver 4 is provided. The 24GHz high frequency transceiver 4 is an integrated module of a 24GHz band VCO (voltage controlled oscillator) and the planar antenna 3. Then, the transceiver 4 transmits the radio wave 1 from the planar antenna 3 by the VCO, and the antenna 3 detects a reflected wave reflected from the detection target object. Two

detectors

5a, 5b are housed in the transceiver 4, and the

detectors

5a, 5b detect the transmitted wave as well as the received wave.

When a radio wave 1 is transmitted from an antenna 3 and an object is reflected, the reflected wave returns to the antenna 3, and waves having the same frequency and different traveling directions are overlapped to form a standing wave of a combined wave. A transmission signal (traveling wave) and a reception signal (reflected wave) are mixed in a line connected to the VCO and the antenna 3 and an antenna feeder, and these signals are synthesized to generate a standing wave. In this case, the scanning voltage supplied to the VCO needs to be kept constant at least for the time until the transmission radio wave returns after being reflected by the reflector, and therefore, the scanning voltage needs to be changed in a step shape. Then, the

detectors

5a and 5b detect mixed wave signals of a plurality of frequencies by controlling the VCO to sequentially switch the frequencies. The

detectors

5a and 5b detect the power of the transmission wave, the power of the reflected wave, and the components generated by the standing wave. The detected signal obtained is amplified by

operational amplifiers

6a and 6b to a necessary frequency band of 400kHz or less, and sent to a signal processor 8.

The signal processor 8 as a radar control module substrate generates a frequency control voltage after FM modulation in the variable frequency signal generator 10. This frequency control voltage is converted into an analog (analog) signal by a DA converter 9, amplified by an operational amplifier 7, and input to a 24GHz high frequency module 4, which controls the input of the VCO. The VCO scans the frequency of the transmission radio wave by the frequency control signal.

In the signal processor 8, the detection signal amplified by the

operational amplifiers

6a and 6b is input to the AD converter 11, and then input to the distance spectrum calculator 12. The distance spectrum calculator 12 removes the dc component from the frequency intensity distribution of the synthesized wave detected by the standing wave detector 2, performs fourier transform, and obtains a distance spectrum. The range spectrum is input to the differential detector 13. The difference detector 13 subtracts the distance spectrum at the reference time from the distance spectrum to calculate a difference between the distance spectra, and obtains the difference distance spectrum in accordance with the time course. The differential distance spectrum is input to the distance calculator 14. Then, the distance calculator 14 calculates the distance to the detection target from the distance component of the differential distance spectrum. Then, the determiner 15 monitors the change in the amplitude of the differential distance spectrum as the amplitude changes in accordance with the dielectric constant of the detection target, and can determine the change in the moisture content of the target from the change in the amplitude.

In the signal processor 8, the detection signal is converted into a digital signal by an AD converter 11, and then input to a distance spectrum calculator 12. In the distance spectrum calculator 12, the input signal is a periodic function, and the period is inversely proportional to the distance from the object, so that the reciprocal of the period, that is, the frequency is obtained by fourier transform, and the distance to the object can be obtained from the frequency. Further, based on the obtained waveform phase, information on minute displacement of the reflective body can be detected. For example, in the case of 24GHz, the minute displacement is a value obtained by dividing the light velocity by 4 π f, and a displacement in the range of about. + -. 3.125mm can be detected. In this way, the signals detected by the

detectors

5a and 5b are processed by signal processing, the distance from the reflected object, the velocity and displacement of the reflected object can be calculated, and the state of the reflected object can be detected by calculating the change with time.

The determiner 15 detects a change in moisture of the target, and inputs the determination result to an external alarm by wire or wireless, and transmits an alarm signal. Or input to an external display to be displayed by the display.

Next, the configuration of the signal processor 8 will be described in detail. As shown in fig. three, the standing wave is generated by interference between the transmission wave VT generated by the signal source VCO and the reflected waves VR1, VR2, VR3, … …, VRn from the targets. The standing wave radar detects the moisture content of the target object by using the standing wave and detects the distances d1, d2, and d3 … … dn to the respective target objects.

The transmission wave (traveling wave) has a signal source amplitude A, a frequency f (t), and an optical speedc(3×10⁸m/s) is expressed by the following equation 1, but the frequency f (t) is expressed by f0 and fd as shown in fig. 4.

[ mathematical formula 1]

When the distance of the kth target is dk, the ratio of the magnitude of the reflected wave to the transmitted wave at any point on the x-axis is γ k (magnitude of the reflection coefficient), and the phase difference is Φ k (phase of the reflection coefficient), the reflected wave of the target can be expressed by the following mathematical expression 2.

[ mathematical formula 2]

Since the detection output detected by the antenna is a composite wave, the amplitude Vc is expressed by the following equation 3, and since the power is the power of 2 times the amplitude, the composite wave power is expressed by the following equation 4.

[ mathematical formula 3]

[ mathematical formula 4]

Since the transmitted wave is much larger than the reflected wave by a much larger order of magnitude, γ k is much smaller than 1. Therefore, the following equation 5 is obtained by substituting equation 1 and equation 2 into equation 4 to obtain approximate values.

[ mathematical formula 5]

In equation 5, the first term in { } represents the power of a transmission wave, the second term represents the power of a reflection wave, and the third term represents a variable of a standing wave power variation. The conventional radar receives the reflected wave of the second term for signal processing, and the present invention receives the signal of the third term for signal processing. Therefore, in order to delete the first term and the second term, the composite wave power p (fd, xs) is differentiated by fd, and the first term and the second term are removed.

Here, when the number of targets (reflectors) is 1, the following equation 6 is obtained by substituting n into equation 5 to 1, and when equation 6 is tabulated, fig. 5 is shown. I.e. the composite wave power is a fixed value of 1+ gamma²And the sum of the periodic functions. In FIG. 5, the frequency of the periodic function (reciprocal of period) becomes c/2d, adding a component of the distance d. Therefore, if the frequency is determined from the period, the distance d is determined. Removal of DC component 1+ gamma from equation 6²The distance spectrum p (x) obtained by fourier transform is shown in fig. 6.

[ mathematical formula 6]

First, as shown in the following equation 7, when a variable is transformed with respect to a fourier transform equation and fourier transform is performed with an observation position as an origin, a distance spectrum shown in the following equation 8 is obtained. However, sa (z) sin (z)/z. In addition, the direct current component is not removed in equation 8. The fourier-spread function having a period is decomposed into a direct current component and a vibration component (sin, cos) included in the function. The distance spectrum is expressed mathematically by the following mathematical formula 8.

[ math figure 7]

Mathematical expression of Fourier transform

Transformation variables

Using the observation position as the origin

[ mathematical formula 8]

However, A in the mathematical formula 8²f_w(1+∑γ_k ²)Sa(2πf_wAnd/c) x) is a direct current component, which is removed by a capacitor in the actual circuit.

Equation 8 finally shows a graph of the distance spectrum p (x) equation, as shown in fig. 7. The dc component of the first term in { } in fig. 8 is removed, and the cos component is converted into a complex sine wave (analytic signal) and removed in the 3 rd term, whereby the standing wave component in the 2 nd term can be extracted. However, as shown by the dotted line in fig. 7, the imaginary signal is leaked into the component of item 2 in equation 8. That is, the value of the imaginary signal leaks into the standing wave component of this portion.

To solve this problem, for example, as shown in fig. 8, when a signal obtained by combining a transmission wave and a reflected wave of the transmission wave is detected, the signal level is detected at two points separated by λ/8 with λ as the wavelength of the transmission wave. That is, when the traveling direction of the radar is taken to be the X axis, reflected waves of n targets (n is a natural number, and only 2 are shown) are detected by two power detectors (power detectors) spaced by λ/8 in the X axis direction from the reflected waves by the reflector, and the reflected waves are subjected to signal processing. In this case, the power level detected by the two detectors is p (f)_d、x₁)、p(f_d、x₂) Then is placed in x₁The output of the detector at the position of 0 is x₁＝x_sFormula 5 representing the detected power is substituted with 0 to obtain p (f) represented by formula 9 below_d0) is determined at x₁The output of the detector at the position- λ/8 is x₂＝x_sEquation 5 representing the detected power is substituted with — λ/8 to obtain p (f) represented by equation 9 below_dAnd lambda/8). As shown in this equation 9, by detecting the standing wave at two points separated by λ/8 and obtaining the orthogonal component of cos and sin in the standing wave component of the output of the detector placed at each position (0, - λ/8), the virtual image signal can be removed, and the influence of the signal leaked from the virtual image side can be eliminated.That is, a vector (vector) composed of orthogonal components (X-axis component and Y-axis component) of cos and sin is the obtained analysis signal. Normally, the signal on the imaginary axis side cannot be measured, but the signal on the imaginary axis side can be measured at the position of- λ/8, and a vector composite signal can be formed. Since the rotation speed of the vector is a frequency, in the present embodiment, the frequency and the phase are analyzed.

Is placed in x₁Output of detector at position 0

Is arranged at

(wherein,

) The output of the detector at the position of

[ mathematical formula 9]

If x in the equation 9 is expressed_sThe standing wave component in the output of the detector at the position of 0 is represented by a, and x is represented by_sWhen b is a standing wave component in the output of the detector at the position of- λ/8, a and b are expressed by the following equation 10. Further, when formula 3 of formula 8 is replaced based on formula 11, formula 12 and formula 13 are obtained. That is, the formula 10 may be replaced with a formula in which the obtained X-axis and Y-axis (real signal and imaginary signal) are converted into real signals. Equation 13 represents the signal in the time direction and the signal on the rotation axis with certainty, and finally it can be seen that the analysis signal of the rotation can be calculated by this equation 13.

[ mathematical formula 10]

[ mathematical formula 11]

[ mathematical formula 12]

[ mathematical formula 13]

P on the right side of math figure 12_DCIs a DC component, m (f)_d)cos(θ(f_d)-4π(f₀+f_d)/c·x_s) Is a periodically varying standing wave component. The standing wave component is as described above, x_sThe components a and x at the position of 0_sThe composite component a + jb of the component b at the position of- λ/8 is an orthogonal component of sin and cos, and by synthesizing the analysis signals from a and b, the influence of an unnecessary signal (a signal leaked from the imaginary side shown in fig. 7) is removed. Thus, by analyzing this value (the signal of equation 13), the target component p shown in fig. 9 is obtained_a(f_d、0)。

The analytical signal in equation 13 reflects the change in the detection signal intensity, and depends on the magnitude of the reflection coefficient γ k. In other words, when the signal intensity changes due to the time lapse of the signal intensity of the analysis signal being measured, the change of the reflection coefficient γ k is reflected as one of the factors. That is, a change in signal intensity due to a change in γ k (the magnitude of the reflection coefficient) of each frequency distribution indicates a change in the state of the measurement target.

The reflection coefficient γ of the interface of 2 kinds of substances having different dielectric constants can be calculated from the following equation 14, assuming that the dielectric constants are ∈ 1 and ∈ 2, respectively.

[ mathematical formula 14]

In this way, the reflection intensity of the interface is determined by the difference in dielectric constant inherent to each medium forming the interface, and the polarity of the reflection waveform is also determined by the magnitude of the dielectric constant. Therefore, the reflection intensity of the radio wave varies depending on the magnitude of the reflection coefficient γ, and the reflection intensity varies depending on the change of the material of the reflection surface due to the difference in the reflection coefficient γ from the difference in the dielectric constant. For example, water has a relatively high dielectric constant and a relatively high reflection intensity against radio waves, and thus reflection from the skin can be recognized.

The dielectric constant (dielectric rate) is, for example, 4.2 for ice, 1.3 to 2 for silk, 1.00 for air, 3.0 to 15.0 for salt, 80 for water, 3 to 7.5 for cotton, 3.3 for snow and 3.7 to 10.0 for glass. The reason why the dielectric constant of water is high and the reflection intensity of the electric wave is large is to judge whether the water is water-containing asphalt or concrete or dry asphalt or concrete, and the state of water film formation can be judged from the change of the reflection intensity, and whether the water film is thin wet or thick water film can be distinguished. Therefore, when observing the state of rain on a road, it is determined which state the road is "dry", "wet", or "waterlogged" based on the change in the detected reflection intensity. Further, the state of starting to wet (before immersion, when rain starts) may be used as the origin to monitor and record, or the state of starting to wet may be automatically set to 0 (offset adjustment), so that regular adjustment is not necessary.

Further, the reason why the radio wave sensor uses a weak radio wave is that it is not necessary to submit an application to a radio station. In addition, the standing wave radar can penetrate through clothes and a quilt, so that the human body can directly reflect when wearing the clothes, and the wet state of the body surface can be detected even if the quilt is covered by the human body.

As described above, according toThe change in the wet state of the measurement target can be detected by the change in the amplitude intensity of the distance spectrum obtained by the distance spectrum calculator 12, including the distance spectrum of the standing wave due to the reflected wave from the object having no change in moisture. Then, the difference detector 13 deletes the distance spectrum at the reference time from the measured distance spectrum, and calculates a difference distance spectrum. Fig. 10(a) shows the distance spectrum p (x) obtained by the distance spectrum calculator 12. As a result of this measurement, there is no measurement target containing moisture, and a distance spectrum is obtained from a reflected wave in the environment. Therefore, the distance spectrum P obtained as a specific reference₀(x) Then, the distance spectrum P (x) obtained at each sampling is subtracted by the reference time P₀(x) In that respect That is, the distance spectrum P (x) obtained at each sampling time is added to-P in FIG. 10(b)₀(x) In that respect For this reason, when the measurement target is not aqueous, the differential detector 13 obtains a 0 signal as shown in fig. 10 (c). When the object to be measured is water-containing at a certain sampling time, the amplitude of the distance spectrum is shown as shown in fig. 10 (d). For the distance spectrum at the time of sampling, the reference spectrum of FIG. 10(b) plus-P₀(x) The calculation of (c) is to obtain P (x) -P as shown in FIG. 10(e)₀(x) The distance spectrum of (2) representing only the amplitude of the water-induced peak intensity. In this way, the difference detector 13 can obtain the amplitude intensity of the distance spectrum due to the change in moisture by reducing the influence of reflection from the environment of the measurement target based on the difference of the acquired distance spectrum.

In addition, the distance spectrum when two targets are present is shown in fig. 11 from x_sPower p (f) of 0_d0) and x_sPower p (f) of-lambda/8_dAnd-lambda/8) and Fourier transform to obtain a frequency corresponding to the distance, thereby obtaining the distance d₁、d₂。

Fig. 12 is a diagram showing a spectrum of an imaginary number and a spectrum of a true number of a synthesized wave. The velocity c of the electric wave is about 30 ten thousand kilometers per second. When the frequency of the transmission wave is scanned with a 75MHz width (fw), the wavelength of the 75MHz is c/fw 4 m. However, the scanning for sampling the waveform is repeated as4m and thus a stroke of 2m half of it. This 2m is referred to as 1 cycle. Therefore, when 20m is measured at a scan width (sweep width) of 75MHz, 10 cycles are measured. When the scanning time is 256 μ s, the frequency of the observed waveform is 10/256 μ s — 39 kHz. Similarly, when measuring 200m, the period is 100 cycles, so 100/256 μ s is 390 kHz. The level of the frequency of the detected spectrum shown in fig. 12 indicates the intensity of the reflection, and the frequency is replaced with the distance. Therefore, as shown in fig. 11, when a peak (peak) appears at 39kHz after fourier transform, it is known that the peak is derived from the distance d₁When a peak appears at 390kHz as a reflected wave at a position of 10m, it is known that the peak comes from the distance d₂Which is a reflected wave at a position of 100 m. In this way, by differentiating the detection power pa (fd) of the synthesized wave of the detector to remove the dc component and performing fourier transform, the distance to the reflecting object can be obtained.

Since the 1 cycle is 0.75m when the scan width (sweep width) is 200MHz, 10m measurement is observed as 10/0.75 to 13.3 cycles, and 13.3/256 to 51.9kHz when the scan time is 256 μ s. That is, when the sweep width (sweep width) is 200MHz, if a peak appears at 51.9kHz, the distance up to the reflector is observed to be 10 m. Therefore, the frequency of the detection output can be adjusted by adjusting the sweep width (sweep width) and the sweep time, and the frequency bandwidth is limited according to radio wave regulations.

Next, the measurement of the micro displacement will be described. In equation 8, focusing on the phase, the phase ψ K of the kth target is obtained from equation 1 sin angle in equation 15 below because Φ_kIs the initial phase, the variation disappears, and the variation over distance d κ is Δ d_kThe variation part of the phase is delta phi_kIn other words, the following equation 16 can be obtained by calculation from equation 2 in equation 15.

[ mathematical formula 15]

[ mathematical formula 16]

From equation 16, the minute displacement of the distance d is obtained. The frequency of 24GHz was found to show a. + -. 3.125mm deflection.

As described above, the distance and the minute displacement of the reflecting object can be measured by the standing wave analysis of the combination of the reflected wave and the transmission wave from the reflecting object. If this measurement is taken over time, the distance, velocity and displacement of the object can be measured, and finally, the change in the object can be measured. The conventional radar is difficult to measure the distance of 1-2 m or less, and the present invention can measure the distance of 200m or less from a short distance of 0 m. The invention can also detect micro displacement, and the resolution power of relative displacement can reach 0.01 mm. The standing wave radar can measure moisture of the object through clothes and curtains, and can detect a minute change in the distance from the object.

As described above, in the present invention, as shown in equation 13, if the peak intensity of the distance spectrum changes with the magnitude of the reflection coefficient γ k and the water content of the measurement object increases, the reflection coefficient γ k shown in equation 14 increases due to the high dielectric constant ∈ of the water content, and the measurement principle of detecting the water content is based on the increase in the peak intensity of the distance spectrum. Thus, even if a plurality of objects to be measured can easily measure the water content from the peak intensity of the distance spectrum. However, if there are a plurality of objects to be measured and the distances between the objects to be measured are relatively short, for example, as shown in fig. 11, distance spectra of a plurality of objects to be measured (2 objects to be measured in the figure) overlap with each other, and there is a possibility that the distance spectra cannot be separated. In this case, the phase difference required for the above-described fine phase measurement cannot be obtained for each object to be measured. For such 2 distance spectra, separation can be performed by a band-domain filter.

Fig. 2 is a block diagram of this example. The difference distance spectrum output from the difference detector 13 is input to a band filter 16. The band filter 16 outputs a notch band pass filter minimum gain signal from a frequency in the middle of the center frequencies of the plurality of peak positions corresponding to the difference distance spectrum of the difference detection 13. The differential distance spectrum output from the band pass filter 16 is a plurality of differential distance spectra separated between peak positions. These difference distance spectra are input to the distance calculator 14, and the minute phase can be obtained from the phase difference.

The sensing device configured as above can be built in the LED illuminating lamp. Fig. 13 is an external view and an internal exploded view of a standing wave radar built-in type LED illumination lamp. The outer package of LED illuminating lamp is composed of a main outer package 22 with heat radiation performance, which is formed by mounting a metal cover 21 on an existing socket and molding resin material such as ABS or aluminum material, and a transparent shield 23 composed of transparent or semitransparent resin material such as ABS or polycarbonate or glass. The light-transmissive shield 23 may be optically lensed to diverge or focus the light beam. There are various types of LED lighting lamps, and a metal cover 21, a package main body 22, a cover 23 constituting the inside of the package, a surface-mount LED26, a standing wave radar module 28 (standing wave detector 2), and an LED control unit 30 are housed. The lower half of the metal cap 21 is screwed to the socket and made of a conductive material, and the upper half of the metal cap 21 is made of an insulating support. The screw 21a is provided at the inner edge portion of the upper end portion of the insulating support body of the metal cover 21 so as to extend in the circumferential direction, and the screw 22a is also provided at the outer edge portion of the lower end portion of the package main body 22 so as to extend in the circumferential direction, the screw 21a can screw the screw 22a, and the metal cover 21 and the package main body 22 are connected together. Further, a screw portion 22b is formed at the upper end portion of the package 22, a screw portion 23a is formed at the lower end portion of the shield 23, the screw 22b is screwed by the screw 23a, and the shield 23 is coupled to the package 22.

Inside the package 22, a guide frame 32 for fixing an insulating substrate is provided, and the substrate 31 of the LED control unit 30 is fixed to the guide frame 32. The base plate 31 is fixed to upper and lower surfaces of the control unit, that is, upper and lower surfaces of the control unit are parallel to a central axis of the illumination lamp, and the guide frame 32 is fixed. The LED control unit 30 has a substrate 31 disposed in a space around the package 22 and the metal cover 21. Inside the metal cover 21 of the substrate 31, 100V AC power is supplied from the outside, and AC-DC converted by an inverter disposed on the substrate 21 and supplied to the LED control unit 30.

An aluminum material substrate 25 having a relatively excellent heat dissipation property is disposed on the upper portion of the package 22. The aluminum material substrate 25 is wrapped around the upper edge of the package 22, and the substrate 31 is inserted into the aluminum material substrate 25 and extends into the hood 23. At the upper end of the base plate 31, there is a base plate 27 supporting the radar control module, and a standing wave radar module 28 is mounted on the base plate 27 of the radar control module. In the aluminum substrate 25, a plurality of (7 in the illustrated example) LEDs 26 are arranged uniformly around the central axis of the illumination lamp, that is, at positions at equal intervals on the circumference. The power supply line of the aluminum substrate 25 is connected to the wiring of the substrate 31, and the LED26 disposed on the aluminum substrate 25 is supplied with power from the LED control unit 30 through the wiring on the substrate 31, so that the LED26 can emit light. The radar control module board 27 is provided with a standing wave radar module 28, and power is supplied through wiring on the board 31, the standing wave radar module 28 transmits and receives electric waves such as microwaves, and the radar control module board 27 wirelessly transmits a detected signal to an external relay device. On the upper surface of the standing wave radar module 28, the antenna 3 is disposed, and the radio wave is transmitted through the antenna 8 a. Note that the standing wave radar module 28 may be inclined with respect to the radar control module substrate 27, and by inclining the standing wave radar module 28, the pointing direction of the antenna 3 may be adjusted.

In general, as shown in fig. 18, the wave front of the radio wave is spherical when the radio wave is radiated, and the phase of the edge is delayed from that of the center, so that the wave front of the radio wave does not travel with the same phase in the front direction.

Therefore, when the phase of the reflected wave is detected, irregular phase data is a problem that the detection accuracy of the minute displacement of the object is lowered.

By using a horn-type waveguide (electromagnetic horn), when the wavefront of a spherical radio wave is emitted, the generated plane wave has the same phase as the phase plane as shown in fig. 19, and the reflected wave phase is detected with high accuracy.

The traditional electromagnetic horn uses a single antenna to transmit and receive, all structures are simple conical shapes, when a patch antenna is used for setting a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, the centers of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are different in a common cylindrical shape and a square shape, the shapes of light beams are unbalanced, the radiation direction has left and right deviation, and the radiation performance is not achieved.

Next, the operation of the state detection device for a standing wave radar according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to examples. First, in the state detection device for a standing wave radar according to the present invention, a sensor is embedded in a detection target. Thus, the standing wave detector 2 detects a standing wave composed of the transmission wave and the reception wave. The standing wave detection signal is input to the distance spectrum calculator 12 through the AD converter 11, and the distance spectrum is calculated. From the distance spectrum, a difference detector 13 determines a difference distance spectrum. The distance calculator 14 calculates the distance between the sensor and the measurement target body from the difference distance spectrum as described above. As a result, the distance (for example, 2.5m) between the sensor and the measurement object can be known at the peak position of the differential distance spectrum as shown in fig. 10 d. The determiner 15 monitors the change in peak intensity with time for the difference distance spectrum at the peak position of 2.5 m. Thus, the determiner 15 detects the cause of the change in the dielectric constant and the increase in the reflection intensity from the change in the moisture content of the object to be measured when the peak intensity is increased, and determines the time point when the peak intensity is increased and the time point when the moisture content is increased. Note that moisture can be detected from the standing wave formed by the radar reflected wave and the transmitted wave, and moisture on the body and foreign matter in the body can be detected even when the radar is permeable to the clothes and worn.

In the case of measuring the distance d1 and the distance d2 of the object, the object is irradiated with the radar wave, and then the sensor detects the emission wave from the object (d1, d 2). The difference detector 13 calculates a difference distance spectrum (fig. 10 c) by subtracting the reference distance spectrum (fig. 10 b) from the acquired distance spectrum (fig. 10 a) at a certain sampling time point, with respect to the distance spectrum of the distance d1, using the distance spectrum at a certain specific time point as the reference distance spectrum. As a result, if the distance spectrum po (x) at the reference time point does not change, the differential distance spectrum at each time point is obtained, and the value is 0 as shown in fig. 10 (c). As shown in fig. 10(d), when the measurement target body contains water, a distance spectrum p (x) including a water factor is acquired. As a result, as shown in fig. 10(e), only the distance spectrum of the moisture factor appears in the differential distance spectrum p (x) -po (x). Therefore, the determiner 15 monitors the difference distance spectrum, and can determine the time point at which the difference distance spectrum becomes 0 as the time point at which the drying is completed. Thus, the moisture state of the object to be measured can be detected.

When a radio wave is emitted, the radiation wave surface is emitted in a spherical shape. As shown in fig. 18, since the phase of the edge is delayed with respect to the phase of the center, the wave fronts of the electric waves do not travel with the same phase in the front direction.

Phase deviation occurs, and the problem of inaccurate accuracy of obtaining phase shift measurement occurs.

A horn-shaped conductor material for radiating an electric wave called an electromagnetic horn, as shown in fig. 19, when a wavefront of a spherical electric wave is radiated, the wavefront forms a phenomenon of a plane wave at an outlet of the electromagnetic horn, by which a phase surface is aligned and the electric wave is radiated. By converting to a plane wave to align the phase wavefront, it is possible to accurately detect a minute displacement in the phase of the waveform reflected from the object.

For example, the movement of the skin of the chest of a human body (minute displacement ± 3mm) can be accurately detected, the appearance of sweating can be measured, and the progress of water freezing can be measured.

Further, since the electromagnetic horn is formed of metal, it is possible to block noise from the lateral direction and detect only a signal in a target direction. Further, since the light beam can be focused forward, the detection distance can be extended, and a distant object can be captured.

However, since the conventional electromagnetic horn uses a single antenna for transmission and reception, all the structures are simple conical shapes, and when the patch antenna is used to provide the transmission antenna and the reception antenna, the centers of the transmission and reception are different in a generally cylindrical shape and a square shape, the beam shape is unbalanced, the radiation direction has left and right deviations, and the radiation is not radiated forward.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 20. It is designed to have the emitting surface of the electric wave towards the Y direction, the emitting surface and the receiving surface of it are the same shape and act as the electromagnetic horn. In the X-axis direction, the waveguide structure is formed in a horn shape on only one side rather than around four sides, and is aligned with the phase plane in the Z-axis direction.

The electric wave from the patch antenna is as shown in fig. 21. The radiation is radiated in the up-down Y-axis direction, which is radiated by being reflected on a curved surface by the antenna configured as shown in fig. 21, by generating a beam in the Z-axis direction, aligning the phase wavefront.

The polyethylene-based fiber for clothes has a dielectric constant of 2.3, a kapok dielectric constant of 3.0 and a water dielectric constant of 80, and the difference in dielectric constant between clothes and water is large, so that the moisture state of each object can be detected according to the reason that the peak intensity of the distance spectrum is different in the wet state of each type of clothes. In this embodiment, the distance can be calculated from the standing wave, and the moisture states of a plurality of detection objects at different distances can be detected separately.

Next, an example of water content detection to which the present invention is applied will be described. First, an example of maintaining freshness of a food material by using the standing wave radar state detection device of the present invention will be described. In this embodiment, a controller for controlling the frozen state (including the temperature) of the food material as the detection target body is provided in the sensor. The determiner of the present embodiment detects the state of the food material before freezing, based on the degree of reduction of the moisture in the food material. Fig. 14 is a schematic view showing changes over time in the dielectric constant and the temperature of the food material when the food material is cooled in the present embodiment. When the food material is cooled, the moisture in the food material is frozen slowly, and the moisture is frozen completely in the end. As described above, there is a correlation between the amount of water and the dielectric constant, the dielectric constant of water is about 80, the dielectric constant of ice is about 4.2, and the food material freezes when it is continuously cooled, and as shown by the dotted line in fig. 14, the dielectric constant decreases during the freezing period, and stabilizes at a high value before freezing and stabilizes at a low value after freezing. In the present invention, as shown by the solid line in fig. 14, according to the standing wave radar state detection apparatus of the present invention, the time point (time t0) when the dielectric constant starts to decrease is detected, and the moisture does not continue to freeze, for example, in order to keep the temperature of the food material at a certain temperature, the temperature of the food material is controlled. The dielectric constant of the food material is prevented from being lowered, and the amount of water in the food material is kept at a high value.

Thus, freezing of water in the food material is prevented, sufficient water in the food material is kept, and freshness of the food material can be improved. In this case, the food material is kept supercooled or is frozen quickly after supercooling, thereby securing the moisture content in the food material.

The factors of the change in the quality of food include (1) the deterioration and fermentation by microorganisms, (2) the decomposition and use by enzymes in food, (3) the chemical action such as oxidation, (4) the physical action such as drying, and (5) the physiological action of food itself such as respiration and evaporation associated with fruits and vegetables. Moreover, over time, power and moisture are consumed, nutritional value decreases, and the appearance begins to wither. In general, the ability of microorganisms to reproduce decreases with decreasing temperature, and even when compared with low temperature resistant bacteria, they do not reproduce almost any more at temperatures below-10 ℃. When water in food freezes and freezes, the mobility of microorganisms is reduced due to a decrease in water available to the microorganisms. On the other hand, the enzyme is relatively low temperature resistant, a part of the enzyme has activity at minus 30 ℃, and the temperature is required to be minus 35 ℃ to minus 40 ℃ to ensure that the enzyme has no activity at all.

Chemical action such as oxidation and the like, which causes deterioration of food quality, and physical action such as drying, activity increases at high temperature, activity decreases at low temperature, physiological activity of the food itself such as respiration or evaporation decreases with decrease in temperature, and cell activity stops at freezing. Therefore, food materials have been stored for a long period of time at a low temperature of-20 ℃ at which life activities are completely stopped.

However, when food materials are stored in a cooled state, ice generated due to freezing adversely affects the food materials. 7-8% of meat, fish and shellfish and 8-9% of fruit. When the food material is cooled, the water therein is frozen into solid ice, and the frozen water increases in volume. After the large ice crystals are formed in the food cells, the cells are destroyed, water is lost from the destroyed cells, and the taste components and nutrients of the food material are lost with the loss of water, so that the taste of the food material itself is deteriorated.

If the ice crystals are small, the degree of deterioration of the quality of the food material due to cell destruction is small. The cooling method without damaging the cells is a method using supercooling. The temperature at which water crystallizes into ice is called the freezing point, which is simply the temperature at which water at 0 ℃ contains a solute as a solution, which becomes lower if the concentration of the solute is high. Amino acids, minerals and the like are fused in the water of the food material, so that the freezing point of the food material is low, and the freezing point of the food material is different according to the types of foods and is between about-1 ℃ and-5 ℃. The food materials begin to be frozen at respective freezing points, and in the non-freezing temperature range (freezing temperature zone) from 0 ℃ to the freezing point, organisms do not freeze themselves and produce non-freezing substances, such as saccharides, glutamic acid, amino acid and other delicious components. These tasty ingredients are advantageous because the food material is kept at the freezing temperature for a certain period of time, the tasty degree of the food is increased, and the time for keeping the fresh degree is also increased. On the other hand, a temperature range from the freezing point to 80% of the water content becomes ice is called "maximum ice crystal formation region", and if the maximum ice crystal formation region passes through (temperature is lowered) for a long time, ice crystals become large. In contrast to such "slow freezing", the maximum ice crystal formation zone is passed through in a short time, and the resulting ice crystals are "fast freezing" which is smaller, resulting in better quality of the frozen food.

On the other hand, supercooling means a temperature (freezing point) at which a substance changes from a liquid to a solid, and the substance is kept in a liquid state even at a temperature lower than the temperature. When the supercooled water is given impact and some ice is added, it becomes small ice blocks instantly, so that cell membranes are not damaged. Thus, the food material is frozen by keeping the supercooled state of the food material and keeping the temperature of the whole food material at the same temperature, and then rapidly freezing the food material without destroying the cell membrane of the food material and keeping the delicious state of the food material. In other words, in order to freeze the deliciousness of the food material, the whole of the food material is frozen, and the crystal of ice is not increased, it is important to freeze in a short time.

In this embodiment, the state detector detects a change in the dielectric constant of the object to be measured, detects a change in the moisture content of the object to determine a starting point t0 at which the moisture content decreases as a freezing point, and irradiates the food material with electromagnetic waves to vibrate water molecules in the cells of the food material, thereby maintaining the food material in a supercooled state. After that, the food material is frozen (frozen rapidly) instantaneously to prevent the destruction of cell membranes, and the food material is frozen while keeping its original taste. The electromagnetic wave can be irradiated to the food material by using the radio wave transmitter because the standing wave detector has a function of transmitting the electromagnetic wave in the present invention. Thus, the supercooled state can be easily achieved. After the standing wave detector sends out electric waves to irradiate the food materials, the food materials are inductively heated, the frozen state of the food materials is controlled, and the temperature of the food materials is in the supercooling temperature range. Electromagnetic wave heating has a quick-acting property in controlling subtle state changes of food materials, and it is very desirable to slowly shake water molecules at a level at which the water molecules do not agglomerate at a mW power level, as if the water molecules are not vigorously shaken at a KW power level supplied by a microwave oven. Note that the activity of bacteria is almost stopped at a water temperature of about-3 ℃ and a freezing temperature of about-20 ℃.

The freezing point of the food material differs depending on the food material, and the concentration of the solute (containing substance) in the contained water is different, as described above. However, in the present invention, the actual freezing point of each detection object can be detected from the change in the dielectric constant by the state detection device. Furthermore, the maximum ice crystal formation region (about-1 ℃ to 5 ℃) allows uniform fine ice crystals to be formed by passing through the ice crystal formation region as quickly as possible, prevents the ice crystals from becoming too large, and prevents the cell membrane from being damaged. Note that, in the present embodiment, the supercooled state is generated by vibrating water molecules using the electromagnetic wave transmission means for standing wave detection, but the supercooled state is not limited to this, and the temperature can be controlled to be maintained at a temperature higher than the freezing point by heating the food material after the freezing point is detected.

The conventional methods for preserving food materials by cold storage and freezing are aimed at suppressing microbial decomposition and spoilage. Generally, in the spoiling stage of meat, protein in meat is decomposed into amino acids with time. Among the amino acids, the components known as delicious components contain much glutamic acid. However, during spoilage, the resulting heterobox or bacterium often becomes completely inedible. In the temperature range before freezing, the activity of bacteria or mixed bacteria is obviously reduced, the enzyme continues to have activity, as in the implementation state, the dielectric constant is detected through a radar, almost no water is frozen, the state before freezing is controlled, the meat develops to be mature, and the meat becomes soft and smooth and tastes molten in the mouth, is juicy and is delicious and high-quality mature meat.

Next, an example of detecting the amount of fat component in edible meat by the dielectric constant state detector of the present invention will be described. In tissues with high water content such as skin, muscle, liver, etc., the specific dielectric constant is 40-2000, the conductivity is 0.5-10(S/m), the specific dielectric constant is 5-20, and the conductivity is 10-500 (S/m). Although the dielectric constant is distributed over a wide range for each tissue, the dielectric constant is roughly classified into a tissue having a high water content and a tissue having a low water content. Since the dielectric constant of water is large in both the real part and the imaginary part, the dielectric constant of tissue such as muscle containing much water is large. Conversely, bone and fat with low moisture content have low dielectric constants. Although various organs are present in the human body and the arrangement is complicated, it is possible to identify meat with much muscle or meat with little muscle by radio wave irradiation and measurement of intensity of the reflected level. Therefore, the difference in dielectric constant is detected by the electric wave, and the condition of the food can be recorded and detected without contacting the food.

Next, an embodiment of the state detector based on permittivity according to the present invention used in the medical field will be described. FIG. 15 shows an embodiment of the present invention for breast cancer diagnosis. The standing wave is detected by emitting a radar wave from the sensor 101 to the breast 107 and detecting a reflected wave. The amplitude intensity is then determined from the standing wave. Then, as described above, cancer 105 can be independently determined from the tissue of breast 107 and bone 106 due to the difference in dielectric constant. Generally, ultrasonic diagnosis and X-ray diagnosis can determine the shape of organs and the material of a massive substance (foreign matter), but it is difficult to determine the nature of an abnormal part. This lumpy material is a blood lumpy, a meat lumpy, a tumor or a cancer, and it is not currently possible to determine whether the sample is taken without opening the abdomen and detected. A recording and detecting device in radio waves is developed using a pulse method, and since it is close to a distance, it is impossible to record and detect the distance of the part. The breast is an organ that is formed by a mammary gland and fat tissue and protrudes from the chest wall with the outside covered with skin tissue. The breast is irradiated with microwaves, most of which are reflected by the skin, and a part of which invade the inside of the skin. The mammary gland has a higher dielectric constant and conductivity than the fat tissue and causes reflection, but the mass (cancer 105) in the breast has a higher dielectric constant and conductivity than the mammary gland and fat, and the reflected wave of the transmission wave that irradiates the breast 107 is received by the sensor 101 as a detectable reception wave. For example, the dielectric constant fat layer is 6.9, the breast tissue is 49, the cancer is 56, the skin is 37, and the muscle is 58, and the state of the inside of the breast can be estimated from the detected reflection coefficients. In addition, since no muscle is present in breast 107, cancer 105 can be recognized although the dielectric constant of the muscle is close to that of the muscle. Further, a filter can be used to extract the dielectric constant 56 of cancer, for example, and the presence or absence of cancer can be recognized from the radio wave irradiated portion. When a cancer is found in a body by other means such as ultrasonic diagnosis, the state detector of the present invention can determine whether the cancer is a lesion, a blood clot, or a bone from the reflection coefficient.

Previously, even if the breast was irradiated by microwaves from an aerial antenna, the fundamental power would be reflected by the skin, since it contains moisture. This is because the electrical impedance of air and breast tissue is very different and the reflection coefficient at the ambient interface is very high. Therefore, the antenna and the breast tissue are placed in an integrated solution having a dielectric constant and conductivity similar to those of the breast tissue to perform imaging, and the reflection is reduced to perform recording.

However, it is noted that the composition of the skin is substantially water, and this portion is in a supercooled state before freezing, and has a dielectric constant of 80 and ice of 3, and the dielectric constant decreases rapidly from water to ice, so that radio waves can pass therethrough. In this state, the reflected data can be obtained by scanning from the horizontal direction and the vertical direction using a pen-shaped radio wave. The physical property (whether cancer is present) of the in-vivo object and the distance to the object can be detected based on this.

The state detection device of the present invention can also be used to detect the activity of a plant. That is, by recording and detecting the moisture of the plant trunk, the fertility status and the internal activity status can be known. The state detection device of the present invention can detect the activity state of the plant by the change of the moisture flow state of the trunk of the plant. Conventionally, moisture conversion is completed by measuring the impact sound, the electrical resistance value, and the electrical capacity when measuring the moisture content in wood, and the moisture content of plants is investigated based on the degree of light absorption. However, the impact sound is only a functional test, and an electric resistance type measuring device introduces an electric current to a measured object, converts a resistance value thereof into a moisture value to express moisture, and needs to prick a plant, but damages the plant. And only the surface of the plant can be recorded by the light method.

In contrast, the state detection device of the present invention can detect the growth state of the plant and the internal activity state of the plant at any time without contact. Fig. 16 shows an applied embodiment in which the state detector of the present invention detects an internal activity state for tree 100. As shown in fig. 16(a), sensor 101 faces tree 100, and detects the amount of upward water flow 103 inside tree 100. The radar signal wave from the sensor 101 is irradiated to the tree 100, and the standing wave is detected by detecting the reflected wave, and the amplitude intensity p (x) is calculated. Since the dielectric constant of water is 80 as described above and is different from that of a tree, the reflected wave of water can be detected, and the amount of water can be known from the amplitude intensity as shown in fig. 10. That is, the amount of moisture can be determined by the magnitude of the amplitude intensity p (x). In this case, the moisture 103 flowing through the trunk of the tree is supplied to the leaf 102 of the tree 100, and when the moisture is exhausted, the leaf 102 falls off the tree 100, and the movement state of the tree can be recognized even by the amount of the falling off from the leaves. However, if the state detector of the present invention is used, the amount of water flowing through the trunk can be detected remotely at any time. In general, the water content of the stem of maple varies day and night, and is large during the day, as shown in fig. 16 (b). In addition, as shown in fig. 16(c), the average water amount in one day is large in spring and summer, and decreases from summer to autumn, and decreases in autumn and winter throughout the year. When the water content of maple is reduced, the sugar content is increased, and a large amount of sap with high sugar content of maple sugar raw material is produced. If the moisture content of the tree is monitored remotely and the moisture content is reduced, the sap with high sugar content can be effectively calculated by starting to collect the sap.

Next, the operation state of the air conditioner around a person is adjusted by detecting the amount of moisture by the device of the present invention. In this embodiment, the detection unit monitors the amplitude of the differential distance spectrum, and detects a change in the amount of sweat of the person to be measured based on a change in the intensity of the reflected wave of the measurement target due to the amount of sweat. In this embodiment, the adjuster for adjusting the execution state of the air conditioner around the person based on the change in the amount of sweat of the person to be measured is provided inside the sensor 101, and the sensor 101 can be provided inside the air conditioner. As shown in fig. 17, a radar wave to be measured by a human is emitted from a sensor 101, a reflected wave from sweat 110 of the human is detected, a standing wave is obtained, and the amplitude intensity p (x) thereof is calculated. In this case, as shown in fig. 17(a), when the amount of sweat 110 is small, the intensity of the reflected wave is low, and the amplitude intensity p (x) of the obtained standing wave is also low. As shown in fig. 17(b) and 17(c), when the amount of sweat 110 is large, the amplitude intensity p (x) of the stationary wave also increases. Therefore, it is possible to detect the change in the amount of perspiration and the presence or absence of perspiration from the change in the amplitude intensity p (x) of the standing wave.

For example, if the indoor temperature is adjusted by an electric fan or an air conditioner, a sensor 101 including the above-described adjustment portion is provided in the air conditioner (including the electric fan or the air conditioner), and the sensor 101 detects the amount of perspiration of the object to be detected. Thus, when the air conditioner is turned on, the adjusting section first scans the entire room in the air blowing direction and the radar irradiation direction of the air conditioner. Then, the position of the person present in the room and the moisture amount (amount of sweat) of the person are detected by the sensor 101. The adjustment section increases the amount of air blown, or decreases the temperature of the air blown (air conditioning), or concentrates the direction of the air blown on the person, and stops the scanning of the direction of the air blown, depending on the amount of perspiration. The adjustment section, in accordance with one or more of these methods, forcibly cools the sweating person, rapidly reducing sweating. In addition, when the sweat amount of the person is reduced, the air supply direction is scanned again, the air supply temperature is increased, the air supply amount is reduced, and the cooling degree of the human body is reduced. When sweat on human body is basically eliminated or when the air conditioner is turned on and no sweat exists in the room, the adjusting part distributes the air quantity to weaken, and scans the air supply direction again to circulate the indoor air.

In this case, the state detecting device of the present invention can detect the position of the person, and if the person moves in the room, the air blowing direction moves in accordance with the moving direction of the person. That is, the direction of the air blow is determined according to the moving direction of the person. Therefore, when the room is large and the number of people in the room is small, cooling can be effectively performed. In this case, the amount of air blown and the temperature of the air blown are kept constant, and the person to be used is cooled as well as the sweaty person regardless of whether or not the person sweats. However, the present invention can detect the amount of sweat of the subject person, adjust the air blowing amount and the air blowing temperature in accordance with the amount of sweat, and prevent excessive cooling of the subject person while the air blowing direction moves in accordance with the movement of the person. The detection of the presence or absence of sweat is not limited to the face or the exposed portion of the arm. The present invention detects the amount of sweat by using the intensity of a reflected wave (standing wave) of a standing wave radar, and detects the amount of moisture (amount of sweat) by detecting moisture by the radar by detecting the reflected wave from moisture inside clothes or moisture on the skin.

Further, not only the indoor air conditioner but also an air conditioner adjusting portion in the vehicle is applicable to the present invention. Alternatively, the indoor space is not limited to a room of a home, a corridor of various facilities, a large hall, an interior of a transportation means such as a train and a bus, and various air conditioning adjusting parts are also applicable to the present invention.

Possibility of industrial utilization:

the invention can detect the water content of the measured object by using the standing wave radar, can maintain the state of the food material as the measured object before freezing, keep the freshness, can detect foreign matters or abnormal parts in the internal organs of the human body, can judge the activity state of plants, can adjust the air conditioning state of the human body, improves and enhances the living state of the human body, and makes great contribution to the progress of medical treatment.

[ description of partial terms and symbols ]

Dielectric constant: namely the "dielectric constant";

sending a message wave: namely the "transmitted wave";

receiving waves: namely "reflected waves";

7: a standing wave radar mode substrate; 8: standing wave radar mode;

10 LED adjusting unit; 11, a substrate;

12, a frame; 31, an arithmetic unit;

35:24GHz high-frequency mode; 42, a signal processor;

101, a sensor.

Claims

1. A standing wave radar state detection device, characterized by comprising:

a standing wave detection unit for transmitting the radio wave scanned in frequency to the outside through a pair of conductor patch antennas arranged side by side on the insulator substrate and an electromagnetic horn having a gap and capable of forming a plane wave to the outside; orthogonally detecting reflected waves received from an external object to be reflected at two points separated by a fixed distance based on the transmission wavelength as received waves, and detecting a standing wave composed of the transmission waves and the received waves;

a dielectric constant detection unit for monitoring a change process of the amplitude of the differential distance spectrum, which changes in accordance with a change in the dielectric constant of the measurement object, and detecting an increase or decrease in the dielectric constant of the material of the measurement object in accordance with the change in the amplitude;

and a control part, a processing controller used by the detector when detecting the state change.

2. A standing wave radar state detection device, characterized by comprising:

a standing wave detection unit for sending the frequency-scanned electric wave to the outside via a plane wave formed by an electromagnetic horn; orthogonally detecting reflected waves received from an external object to be reflected at two points separated by a fixed distance based on the transmission wavelength as received waves, and detecting a standing wave composed of the transmission waves and the received waves;

a dielectric constant detection unit for detecting an increase or decrease in the dielectric constant of the material of the measurement object based on a change in the amplitude of the differential distance spectrum, the change being monitored as a function of a change in the dielectric constant of the measurement object;

and the detection part is used for detecting the processing controller when the state changes.

3. A standing wave radar state detection device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the control unit controls the material to be in a non-frozen state by irradiating the material with the radio wave transmitted from the standing wave detection unit and heating the material by induction.

4. A standing wave radar state detection device, characterized by comprising:

a determination unit for monitoring a change process in which an amplitude of the differential distance spectrum changes in accordance with a change in dielectric constant of the measurement object; the presence or absence of foreign matter or abnormality in the internal organ of the subject person is determined from the change in the amplitude and the change in the dielectric constant.

5. A standing wave radar state detection device, characterized by comprising:

and a determination unit for monitoring the change in the amplitude of the difference distance spectrum by changing the dielectric constant of the measurement object, and determining whether or not there is a foreign object or an abnormality in the internal organ of the measurement object person based on the change in the amplitude and the change in the dielectric constant.

6. A standing wave radar state detection device, characterized by comprising:

a distance spectrum calculation unit that removes a direct current component from the frequency intensity distribution of the synthesized wave detected by the standing wave detector and obtains a distance spectrum by fourier transform;

and a determination unit for monitoring the change of the amplitude of the differential distance spectrum according to the change of the dielectric constant of the measurement object, detecting the change of the water amount in the stem of the measurement object according to the change of the amplitude, and determining the activity state of the plant.

7. A standing wave radar state detection device, characterized by comprising:

and a determination unit for monitoring the change of the amplitude of the differential distance spectrum by changing the amplitude of the differential distance spectrum according to the change of the dielectric constant of the measurement object, and determining the activity of the plant by detecting the change of the water amount in the stem of the measurement object according to the change of the amplitude.

8. A standing wave radar state detection device, characterized by comprising:

a determination unit for monitoring the change of the amplitude of the differential distance spectrum by changing the amplitude of the differential distance spectrum according to the change of the dielectric constant of the measurement object, and detecting the change of the human sweat amount of the measurement object according to the change of the amplitude;

and a control unit for controlling the air conditioning state around the measurement target person based on the change in the amount of perspiration detected by the detector.

9. A standing wave radar state detection device, characterized by comprising:

10. A standing wave radar state detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the distance calculator is further configured to obtain a minute displacement of the target measurement object from the phase change of the distance spectrum.

11. A standing wave radar state detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein a plurality of signals having center frequencies corresponding to a plurality of peak positions are extracted from the difference distance spectrum of the difference detection unit, and the extracted signals are used as a band pass filter for applying a force to the difference distance spectrum in the distance calculation unit.

12. A standing wave radar state detection device, characterized by comprising:

a standing wave detection unit for sending out the plane wave formed by the electromagnetic horn without the sweep frequency; orthogonally detecting reflected waves received from an external object to be reflected at two points separated by a fixed distance based on the transmission wavelength as received waves, and detecting a standing wave composed of the transmission waves and the received waves;

a distance spectrum obtained by removing a direct current component from the frequency intensity distribution of the synthesized wave detected by the standing wave detection unit and performing fourier transform;

a dielectric constant detector unit for monitoring a change in the amplitude of the differential distance spectrum in accordance with a change in the dielectric constant of the measurement object, and detecting an increase or decrease in the dielectric constant of the material of the measurement object in accordance with the change in the amplitude; the detector is used for controlling the controller of the process when detecting the state change.

13. A standing wave radar state detection device, characterized by comprising:

and a determination unit for monitoring the change in the amplitude of the differential distance spectrum by changing the amplitude of the differential distance spectrum according to the change in the permittivity of the measurement object, and determining the wet condition of the road surface by detecting the change in the permittivity of the measurement object according to the change in the amplitude.