CN112782320A - Method for identifying bupleurum chinense and Tibetan bupleurum chinense and application thereof - Google Patents
Method for identifying bupleurum chinense and Tibetan bupleurum chinense and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112782320A CN112782320A CN202110204917.3A CN202110204917A CN112782320A CN 112782320 A CN112782320 A CN 112782320A CN 202110204917 A CN202110204917 A CN 202110204917A CN 112782320 A CN112782320 A CN 112782320A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/62—Detectors specially adapted therefor
- G01N30/72—Mass spectrometers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/86—Signal analysis
- G01N30/8624—Detection of slopes or peaks; baseline correction
- G01N30/8631—Peaks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/86—Signal analysis
- G01N30/8675—Evaluation, i.e. decoding of the signal into analytical information
- G01N30/8686—Fingerprinting, e.g. without prior knowledge of the sample components
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for identifying bupleurum chinense and Tibetan bupleurum chinense and application thereof, which comprises the following steps: and (3) taking a radix bupleuri sample, incubating for 30-40min, and detecting by using headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry. Wherein, MXT-WAX chromatographic column is used for detecting and obtaining 4 volatility characteristic peaks of bupleurum chinense, 4 volatility characteristic peaks of Tibetan bupleurum chinense, and the total ratio of PC-1 and PC-2 in the principal component analysis is 91%. Compared with the prior art, the identification method provided by the invention has the advantages that no sample pretreatment is needed, the analysis period is short, the detection cost is low, and the instrument is portable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for identifying traditional Chinese medicinal materials, in particular to a method for identifying bupleurum chinense and bupleurum tibetan and application thereof.
Background
Bupleurum chinense (Bupleurum chinense) is dried root of Bupleurum chinense (Bupleurum chinense) of Umbelliferae, is one of the most commonly used exterior-releasing drugs in clinic, has pungent and bitter taste, belongs to liver, gallbladder and lung channels, has the effects of soothing liver, relieving depression, relieving muscle, abating fever and lifting yang qi, and is used for treating symptoms such as cold, fever, alternating chills and fever, malaria, stagnation of qi due to depression of the liver and the like. Tibetan radix bupleuri (B.marginatum var. stenophyllum.) is mainly produced in Gansu, has similar antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects to that of northern radix bupleuri, but has no obvious liver protection effect and pharmacological toxicity.
The bupleurum has various chemical components, and different genuine medicinal materials have different contents of effective components, which directly concern the clinical curative effect. In the related art, most methods for identifying bupleurum are character identification, such as Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) and the like, but character identification is greatly influenced by subjective factors, and methods such as TCL, HPLC-MS and the like require complex pretreatment of medicinal materials and have long analysis period.
Therefore, establishing a rapid and efficient method for identifying Tibetan radix bupleuri and northern radix bupleuri is of great significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art described above. Therefore, the invention provides a method for identifying bupleurum chinense and Tibetan bupleurum chinense, which directly detects bupleurum chinense and Tibetan bupleurum chinense by using a headspace gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) technology, quickly identifies the bupleurum chinense and Tibetan bupleurum chinense, does not need sample pretreatment and has low cost.
The first aspect of the invention provides a method for identifying bupleurum chinense and bupleurum chinense, which comprises the following steps:
and (3) taking a radix bupleuri sample, incubating for 30-40min, and detecting by using headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry.
According to a specific embodiment of the invention, at least the following advantages are achieved:
the identification method of bupleurum chinense and Tibetan bupleurum chinense in the invention utilizes the HS-GC-IMS technology to establish the volatile fingerprint of the HS-GC-IMS of bupleurum chinense and Tibetan bupleurum chinense so as to quickly identify bupleurum chinense and Tibetan bupleurum chinense. The identification method of bupleurum chinense and bupleurum chinense in the invention utilizes MXT-5 chromatographic column to detect and obtain 1 volatility characteristic peak of bupleurum chinense, 5 volatility characteristic peaks of bupleurum chinense, the total ratio of PC-1 and PC-2 in main component analysis is 87%, utilizes MXT-WAX chromatographic column to detect and obtain 4 volatility characteristic peaks of bupleurum chinense, 4 volatility characteristic peaks of bupleurum chinense and the total ratio of PC-1 and PC-2 in main component analysis is 91%. Thus, the MXT-WAX chromatographic column can better distinguish bupleurum chinense from Tibetan bupleurum chinense. The identification method is simple and quick, and provides reliable reference basis for detecting other traditional Chinese medicinal materials.
According to a first aspect of the invention, in some embodiments of the invention, the sample of Bupleurum falcatum is taken at a volume of 0.1 to 0.2 g.
According to a first aspect of the invention, in some embodiments of the invention, the incubation temperature of the bupleurum sample is between 110 ℃ and 120 ℃.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, in some embodiments of the present invention, the headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry is performed using an MXT-WAX column or an MXT-5 column having a column length of 10 to 15m, an inner diameter of 0.28 to 0.53mm, and a film thickness of 0.5 to 1.5. mu.m.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry is performed using an MXT-WAX column having a column length of 10 to 15m, an inner diameter of 0.28 to 0.53mm, and a film thickness of 0.5 to 1.5. mu.m.
In some more preferred embodiments of the invention, the MXT-WAX chromatography column has a column length of 15m, an internal diameter of 0.53mm and a membrane thickness of 1.0. mu.m.
According to the first aspect of the invention, in some embodiments of the invention, the MXT-WAX column or MXT-5 column has a column temperature of 75 to 80 ℃, an ion mobility spectrometry temperature of 75 to 80 ℃ and a needle temperature of 120 to 125 ℃.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the MXT-WAX column or MXT-5 column has a column temperature of 80 ℃, an ion mobility spectrometry temperature of 80 ℃ and a needle temperature of 125 ℃.
According to a first aspect of the invention, in some embodiments of the invention, the carrier/drift gas of headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry comprises nitrogen.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the carrier/drift gas of the headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry is nitrogen.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the carrier gas has a flow rate of:
the flow rate of the drift gas is 125-200 mL/min.
In some more preferred embodiments of the invention, the flow rate of the drift gas is 150 mL/min.
According to a first aspect of the invention, in some embodiments of the invention, the sample volume for headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry is 500 μ L.
In a second aspect of the invention, a detection device is provided, wherein the detection device comprises a headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry, an MXT-WAX chromatographic column or an MXT-5 chromatographic column.
In a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a use of the identification method according to the first aspect of the present invention in identification of bupleurum.
According to a third aspect of the invention, in some embodiments of the invention, the bupleurum comprises bupleurum chinense and bupleurum chinense.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the bupleurum falcatum and bupleurum tibetan are bupleurum chinense and bupleurum chinense.
In a fourth aspect of the invention, there is provided a use of the detection device according to the second aspect of the invention in bupleuri radix identification.
According to a fourth aspect of the invention, in some embodiments of the invention, the bupleurum comprises bupleurum chinense and bupleurum chinense.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the bupleurum falcatum and bupleurum tibetan are bupleurum chinense and bupleurum chinense.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows fingerprints of MXT-5 chromatographic columns of 21 batches of bupleuri radix (A) and 17 batches of Tibetan bupleuri radix (B) in the example of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a Gallery spectrum of MXT-5 columns from 21 batches of bupleuri radix and 17 batches of Tibetan bupleuri radix in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the Int Dynamic PCA analysis of MXT-5 columns from 21 batches of bupleuri radix and 17 batches of Tibetan radix in the example of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows fingerprints of MXT-WAX chromatography columns of 21 batches of bupleuri radix (A) and 17 batches of Tibetan bupleuri radix (B) in the example of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a Gallery spectrum of MXT-WAX chromatography columns of 21 batches of bupleuri radix and 17 batches of Tibetan bupleuri radix in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of the analysis of Int Dynamic PCA of MXT-WAX columns from 21 batches of bupleuri radix and 17 batches of Tibetan bupleuri radix in the example of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a fingerprint of optimized sampling amounts of bupleurum chinense 10(A) and bupleurum chinense 14(B) in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a fingerprint of optimized incubation temperature of bupleuri radix 10(A) and Tibetan bupleuri radix 14(B) in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and technical effects of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The experimental materials and reagents used are, unless otherwise specified, all consumables and reagents which are conventionally available from commercial sources.
Experimental Material
(1) An experimental instrument:
headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometer (g.a.s. company, germany) and associated analytical software lav (laboratory analytical viewer) and 3-part plug-in Reporter, GalleryPlot, Int Dynamic principles Components Analysis (Int Dynamic PCA).
(2) Experimental samples:
bupleurum chinense (No. BCH 1-21), Tibetan Bupleurum chinense (No. ZCH 1-17).
In the embodiment, the bupleurum chinense and the Tibetan bupleurum chinense are identified by the traditional Chinese medicine laboratory of the pharmaceutical inspection institute of Guangdong province, and the varieties are confirmed without errors, wherein the detailed sources of the bupleurum chinense and the Tibetan bupleurum chinense are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 sources of Bupleurum samples
All bupleurum samples need to be subpackaged before detection, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
taking 0.1-0.2 g of bupleurum sample to a 20mL headspace sample injection bottle, and incubating for 30-40min at 110-120 ℃.
Detection of Bupleurum samples
The incubated bupleurum samples in the above examples were injected through the headspace and subjected to separation detection using headspace gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS), and each sample was measured 2 times in parallel.
The detection conditions of the HS-GC-IMS are as follows:
a chromatographic column: MXT-WAX column (15 m.times.0.53 mm, 1.0 μm), MXT-5 column (15 m.times.0.53 mm, 1.0. mu.m). The carrier gas/drift gas is nitrogen, the carrier gas flow rate is 0-5 min, 5mL/min, 5-10 min, 5-25 mL/min, 10-15 min, 25-125 mL/min, 15-30 min, 125mL/min, and the drift gas flow rate is 150 mL/min. The column temperature is 80 ℃, the IMS temperature is 80 ℃ and the injection needle temperature is 125 ℃. The injection volume was 500. mu.L.
Detection result of Bupleurum sample
The method in the above example is adopted to detect 21 batches of bupleurum chinense and 17 batches of Tibetan bupleurum chinense, and the results are as follows.
(1) MXT-5 chromatographic column detection results:
MXT-5 chromatographic column is adopted to detect 21 batches of bupleuri radix and 17 batches of Tibetan bupleuri radix respectively, and typical spectra are shown in figure 1. Through statistics of typical spectra of bupleurum chinense and Tibetan bupleurum chinense, 1 volatility characteristic peak of bupleurum chinense and 5 volatility characteristic peaks of Tibetan bupleurum chinense are obtained. Gallery spectra of bupleuri radix and Tibetan bupleuri radix are shown in FIG. 2, wherein darker color indicates higher content of the volatile substances. As shown in FIG. 2, the main difference between Bupleurum scorzonerifolium and Bupleurum scorzonerifolium is the content of volatile characteristic substances. The main component analysis of 21 batches of bupleurum chinense and 17 batches of Tibetan bupleurum chinense is carried out by adopting Int Dynamic PCA, the result is shown in figure 3, 1-21 samples of bupleurum chinense are gathered together, 1-17 samples of Tibetan bupleurum chinense are gathered together, the two samples are independently gathered together, the obvious difference is shown, the total ratio of PC-1 to PC-2 is 87%, and the effective distinction of bupleurum chinense and Tibetan bupleurum chinense can be carried out by virtue of a low-polarity MXT-5 chromatographic column.
(2) And (3) detecting results of the MXT-WAX chromatographic column:
MXT-WAX chromatography column is adopted to detect 21 batches of bupleuri radix and 17 batches of Tibetan bupleuri radix respectively, and typical spectra are shown in figure 4. Through counting typical maps of bupleurum chinense and Tibetan bupleurum chinense, 4 volatility characteristic peaks of bupleurum chinense and 4 volatility characteristic peaks of Tibetan bupleurum chinense are obtained. Gallery spectra of bupleuri radix and Tibetan bupleuri radix are shown in FIG. 5, wherein darker color indicates higher content of the volatile substances. As shown in FIG. 5, the main difference between Bupleurum scorzonerifolium and Bupleurum scorzonerifolium is the content of volatile characteristic substances. Adopting Int Dynamic PCA to carry out principal component analysis on 21 batches of bupleurum chinense and 17 batches of Tibetan bupleurum chinense, and obtaining a result shown in figure 6, wherein 1-21 samples of bupleurum chinense and 1-17 samples of Tibetan bupleurum chinense are independently aggregated respectively, which shows that the difference between the samples is obvious, and the total ratio of PC-1 to PC-2 is 91%, which shows that the bupleurum chinense and Tibetan bupleurum chinense can be effectively distinguished through a strong polarity MXT-WAX chromatographic column.
Optimization of detection conditions
(1) Influence of sampling amount on detection results:
taking a sample of Bupleurum falcatum 10 and a sample of Bupleurum falcatum 14 respectively, weighing 0.05g, 0.1g, 0.2g and 0.3g respectively, incubating at 120 ℃ for 30min, and detecting by the method in the above example.
The results are shown in FIG. 7, the 0.05g of the samples of Bupleurum chinense and Bupleurum scorzonerifolium have fewer peaks. The 0.2g and 0.3g bupleurum chinense and Tibetan bupleurum chinense samples have more peaks, but the signal intensity is too high, the peak separation degree is poor, and the identification is difficult. The bupleurum chinense and the Tibetan bupleurum chinense samples with the weight of 0.1-0.2 g have good peaks, and the separation degree between the peaks is good, so that the identification is easy. Therefore, the sampling amount of the selected bupleurum chinense and bupleurum chinense is 0.1-0.2 g.
(2) Influence of headspace incubation temperature on assay results:
taking bupleurum chinense No. 10 and bupleurum chinense No. 14 as samples, adopting the detection method, taking samples of 0.1-0.2 g, fixing incubation time for 30min, and respectively incubating at 80 ℃, 90 ℃, 100 ℃, 110 ℃ and 120 ℃.
As shown in FIG. 8, the number of peaks appeared in the Bupleurum chinense sample with the increase of the incubation temperature, but the headspace incubation temperature was selected to be 110 ℃ to 120 ℃ in consideration of the possibility of thermal decomposition of volatile substances and decrease of analysis sensitivity due to the excessively high temperature.
(3) Effect of headspace incubation time on assay results:
taking bupleurum chinense No. 10 and bupleurum chinense No. 14 as samples, adopting the detection method, taking samples of 0.1-0.2 g, and incubating at a fixed incubation temperature of 120 ℃ for 10min, 20min, 30min, 40min and 50min respectively.
The result shows that the number of peaks appeared in the bupleurum sample is increased along with the increase of the incubation time, but the number and the intensity of the peaks appeared in the bupleurum sample after the bupleurum sample is incubated for 30-40min are not obviously increased, and considering that volatile substances with unstable properties in the bupleurum sample can be degraded, oxidized and the like along with the extension of the heating time, the headspace incubation time is selected to be 30-40 min.
Comparison of detection methods
The HS-GC-IMS is a technology combining headspace gas chromatography and ion mobility spectrometry, so that the HS-GC-IMS has the characteristics that the headspace gas chromatography does not need sample pretreatment and prominent separation, and has the advantages of high sensitivity, high resolution, simplicity in operation, portability and the like of the ion mobility spectrometry. The HS-GC-IMS can be used for quickly detecting volatile substances in a sample to be detected on a molecular level, and can be applied to the detection fields of traditional Chinese medicines, cosmetics, foods and the like.
In the related technology, a static headspace-capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography and a tandem quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer combined technology (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) all need to relate to mass spectrometry detection, the detection cost is high, the detection method is not suitable for large-scale popularization and use, and the UPLC-Q-TOF-MS needs a complex sample pretreatment process and is high in detection difficulty. The HS-GC-IMS in the embodiment of the invention can rapidly identify bupleurum chinense and Tibetan bupleurum chinense, and the method does not need sample pretreatment, has short analysis period and low detection cost, and is portable.
In summary, the HS-GC-IMS detection method in the embodiment of the present invention can simply and rapidly identify bupleurum chinense and bupleurum chinense, and obtain the volatility characteristic peaks (4 in each case) of bupleurum chinense and bupleurum chinense, thereby providing reliable reference data for identifying bupleurum chinense and bupleurum chinense.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for identifying bupleurum chinense and Tibetan bupleurum chinense comprises the following steps:
and (3) taking a radix bupleuri sample, incubating for 30-40min, and detecting by using headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry.
2. The identification method according to claim 1, wherein the sample amount of the Bupleurum chinense sample is 0.1-0.2 g.
3. The identification method according to claim 1, wherein the incubation temperature of the bupleuri radix sample is 110-120 ℃.
4. The identification method according to claim 1, wherein the headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry is performed using an MXT-WAX column or an MXT-5 column having a column length of 10 to 15m, an inner diameter of 0.28 to 0.53mm, and a film thickness of 0.5 to 1.5. mu.m.
5. The identification method according to claim 4, wherein the MXT-WAX column or MXT-5 column has a column temperature of 75 to 80 ℃, an ion mobility spectrometry temperature of 75 to 80 ℃, and a needle temperature of 120 to 125 ℃.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the carrier/drift gas of headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry comprises nitrogen.
7. The authentication method according to claim 6, wherein the flow rate of the carrier gas is:
0~5min, 5mL/min;
5~10min, 5~25mL/min;
10~15min, 25~125mL/min;
15~30min, 125mL/min;
the flow rate of the drift gas is 125-200 mL/min.
8. The detection device is characterized by comprising a headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry, an MXT-WAX chromatographic column or an MXT-5 chromatographic column.
9. Use of the detection device of claim 8 in bupleuri radix identification; wherein the bupleuri radix comprises bupleuri radix and Tibetan bupleuri radix.
10. Use of the identification method of any one of claims 1 to 7 in the identification of bupleurum; wherein the bupleuri radix comprises bupleuri radix and Tibetan bupleuri radix.
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