CN112782024B

CN112782024B - Friction wear test device of axle bush self-adaptation contact

Info

Publication number: CN112782024B
Application number: CN202110152440.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周元凯; 赵欢; 左雪; 彭明龙; 刘志强
Original assignee: Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2021-02-04
Filing date: 2021-02-04
Publication date: 2022-12-09
Anticipated expiration: 2041-02-04
Also published as: CN112782024A

Abstract

The invention discloses a friction and wear test device with self-adaptive contact of bearing bushes, which relates to the field of test equipment for friction and wear tests of bearing bushes and mainly comprises a motor, a coupler, a torque sensor, a slip ring, a transmission shaft, a turntable, a linear bearing, a slide bar, a ball rod joint bearing, an expansion sleeve, a radial joint bearing, a bearing bush clamp, a triangular block, a force transmission plate, a cylinder and the like. The ring sample and the bearing bush sample in the device belong to sliding friction. The ring sample and the bearing bush sample are in full-time stable contact by adding the self-adaptive contact device, the eccentric wear phenomenon is overcome, and the accuracy of the friction and wear test result is improved; the spring is additionally arranged at the triangular block of the bearing bush lifting clamp, so that the stability of the device during loading and unloading is improved; the oil outlets are formed in different height positions of the bearing bush clamp, so that the adaptability of a friction wear test under various amounts of lubricating oil is improved; the easy assembly and green economy of the test apparatus are improved by simplifying the apparatus and reducing the volume.

Description

Friction wear test device of axle bush self-adaptation contact

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of bearing bush friction and wear experiment test equipment, in particular to a friction and wear test device with self-adaptive contact of a bearing bush.

Background

The bearing bush is used as a key component of the sliding bearing and rotates with the surface of the journal in the working process. A lubricating film is formed between the friction pairs in the modes of oil lubrication and the like, so that the purposes of resistance reduction and wear resistance are achieved, and the lubricating film is widely applied to power equipment such as diesel engines.

In order to meet the requirements of social development, the bearing bush is facing increasingly severe working conditions such as high temperature, high speed, high pressure and the like. In particular, during the start-up phase of the machine, problems arise, such as insufficient lubricant supply and excessive impurities, which can lead to failure of the shaft journal in direct contact with the bearing shell, such as gluing. Therefore, it is very important to accurately detect the frictional wear performance of the surface of the bearing bush based on the simulation of the actual working condition.

At present, the friction wear testing machines are various in types, but the testing machines capable of carrying out the friction test on the surface of the bearing bush are still few, and particularly the testing machines capable of overcoming the eccentric wear phenomenon of a bearing bush sample in the testing process are more scarce. The invention patent No. 200810021099.8 provides a journal bearing bush tribology performance testing machine using weight and lever loading, which can simulate actual working conditions, but the eccentric wear phenomenon on the surface of the bearing bush can be caused by the manufacturing error of a sample and the assembly error of a device in the testing process, and the accuracy of experimental data is seriously influenced. The invention patent No. 201811374603.2 provides a bearing bush abrasive wear test testing machine, which can quickly detect the embeddability of a bearing bush in different abrasive particles and different concentrations, but the detection accuracy of the bearing bush can be seriously influenced by the eccentric wear phenomenon in the test process. Similarly, the invention patent No. 201610848827.7 provides a device for rapidly detecting friction coefficients of a bearing bush and a journal under various working conditions, so as to examine the embedding performance, but the eccentric wear problem in the bearing bush test process is not solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a friction and wear test device with self-adaptive contact of a bearing bush, which can solve the problems of eccentric wear of a bearing bush sample in the friction and wear test process in the prior art.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a friction wear test device with self-adaptive contact of bearing bushes is characterized in that an output shaft of a motor is connected with a left coupler, a torque sensor is arranged between the left coupler and a right coupler, the right coupler is connected with the left end of a main shaft, the middle part of the main shaft is jointly fixed on a support plate through a bearing seat and a motor base, a turntable is arranged on the right side of the bearing seat and fixedly connected with the main shaft, the right end of the main shaft is connected with a radial knuckle bearing, the outer side of the radial knuckle bearing is connected with an expansion sleeve, and the outer side of the expansion sleeve is connected with a ring sample; a linear bearing is fixed on the turntable, a sliding rod is slidably arranged in the linear bearing, the right end of the sliding rod is connected with a ball rod joint bearing, and the right end of the ball rod joint bearing is connected to the expansion sleeve; the bearing bush sample is fixed through a bearing bush clamp, the bearing bush sample and the ring sample form a friction pair, and the cylinder drives the bearing bush clamp to move so as to adjust the radial pressure between the bearing bush sample and the ring sample.

Preferably, the slip ring and the limiter are further included, the slip ring is arranged on the main shaft between the right coupler and the bearing seat, the lower end of the limiter is connected to the bearing seat cushion plate, the upper end of the limiter is connected with the slip ring and used for limiting rotation of the slip ring, and the bearing seat cushion plate is fixed to the supporting plate.

Preferably, the bearing bush fixture comprises a stop pin, an oil inlet, an oil outlet, a locking fixture, an axial positioning groove, a circumferential positioning groove, a left sealing plate and a right sealing plate, the bearing bush fixture is cylindrical, the annular axial positioning groove is formed in the outer peripheral surface of the bearing bush fixture, the oil inlet is formed in the upper portion of the axial positioning groove, the oil outlet is formed in the lower portion of the cylinder, the circumferential positioning groove is formed in the outer surface of the lower portion of the cylinder, the locking fixture and the stop pin are arranged on the inner wall surface opposite to the circumferential positioning groove, the bearing bush sample is fixed between the locking fixture and the stop pin, and the left sealing plate and the right sealing plate are fixed to two ends of the bearing bush fixture respectively.

Preferably, three oil outlets are arranged at different heights of the circumferential direction of the bearing bush clamp and used for adjusting the amount of lubricating oil in the bearing bush clamp.

Preferably, the bearing bush fixture further comprises a triangular block, a force transmission plate, a spring and a positioning block, wherein the positioning block is arranged in the middle of the force transmission plate and is used for being matched with the circumferential positioning groove to limit circumferential movement of the bearing bush fixture; two grooves are formed in two sides of the positioning block on the force transmission plate respectively, two triangular blocks are arranged in the two grooves in a sliding mode respectively, springs are arranged between the triangular blocks and the force transmission plate and provide acting force for the triangular blocks to move in the grooves, and the triangular blocks are matched with the axial positioning grooves to limit the axial movement of the bearing bush clamp.

Preferably, the lower end of the force transmission plate is connected with two guide posts which penetrate through guide sleeves connected to the supporting plate; one end of the cylinder is connected with the force transmission plate, and the other end of the cylinder is fixed on the bottom plate.

Preferably, the left side and the right side of the force transmission plate are respectively provided with a screw, the screw is in threaded connection with the force transmission plate, and one end of the screw is fixed with the spring and used for adjusting the tightness of the spring.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

1. the self-adaptive contact device is additionally arranged in the friction and wear test process of the bearing bush, so that the bearing bush sample and the ring sample can realize stable full-time self-adaptive contact. The eccentric wear phenomenon of the bearing bush sample in the test process caused by errors such as manufacturing and assembling of the bearing bush sample and the ring sample is effectively overcome, and the accuracy of the test result is improved;

2. the bearing bush clamp is supported by the triangular blocks and the spring assemblies, and the triangular blocks move up and down along with the platform to adjust the distance, so that the clamp can be supported during loading and unloading.

3. The bearing bush anchor clamps are equipped with many oil-outs at different heights, have improved the universality of testing machine to different lubricating oil volumes down. In addition, the design of positioning multiple positions of the bearing bush clamp is beneficial to improving the stability of the test process; the ease of assembly of the test device is improved by simplifying the device and reducing the volume.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the apparatus of the present invention without the sealing plate;

FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a bearing bush sample adaptive contact device of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a view of the structure of the bearing clamp of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a structural view of a force transfer plate of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention including a sealing plate.

In the figure: 1-a bottom plate; 2-a support plate; 3-a motor base; 4-a motor; 5-a left coupling; 6-a torque sensor; 7-right coupling; 8-a slip ring; 9-a stopper; 10-bearing backing plate; 11-a bearing seat; 12-a main shaft; 13-a turntable; 14-a linear bearing; 15-a slide bar; 16-ball arm knuckle bearing; 17-ring sample; 18-expanding the sleeve; 19-radial spherical plain bearing; 20-bearing bush sample; 21-positioning blocks; 22-a bearing clamp; 22-1-axial locating groove; 22-2-oil inlet; 22-3-oil outlet; 22-4-locking clamp; 22-5-circumferential positioning groove; 22-6-stop pin; 23-a triangular block; 24-a spring; 25-a dowel plate; 26-a cylinder; 27-a pallet; 28-guide posts; 29-guide sleeve; 30-left sealing plate; 31-right sealing plate.

Detailed Description

The friction wear testing device for the self-adaptive contact of the bearing bushes as shown in fig. 1 and 2 mainly comprises a motor 4, a left coupler 5, a right coupler 7, a torque sensor 6, a sliding ring 8, a limiter 9, a bearing block 11, a bearing backing plate 10, a transmission shaft, a rotary table 13, a linear bearing 14, a sliding rod 15, a ball joint bearing 16, an expansion sleeve 18, a radial joint bearing 19, a bearing bush clamp 22, a triangular block 23, a force transmission plate 25, an air cylinder 26 and a supporting plate 27. The motor 4 is connected with the supporting plate 2 through the motor base 3, and the supporting plate 2 is fixed on the bottom plate 1; the left end of the left coupler 5 is connected to an output shaft of the motor 4 through a key, and the right end of the left coupler 5 is connected to the left end of the torque sensor 6 through threads; the left end of the right coupling 7 is connected to the right end of the torque sensor 6 through threads, the right end of the right coupling 7 is connected to the left end of the main shaft 12, and a slip ring 8 is arranged on the main shaft 12 between the right coupling 7 and the bearing seat 11 for outputting a measuring signal. The lower end of the limiter 9 is connected to the bearing seat cushion plate 10, and the upper end of the limiter 9 is connected with the sliding ring 8 and used for limiting the sliding ring 8 to rotate; the middle part of the main shaft 12 is connected with a rotary table 13 through a key, and the right end of the main shaft 12 is connected with a radial spherical plain bearing 19 in an interference manner; an expansion sleeve 18 is externally connected with the radial spherical plain bearing 19, and a ring sample 17 is externally connected with the expansion sleeve 18; the linear bearing 14 is fixed on the rotary table 13, the transmission direction of the linear bearing 14 is parallel to the axial direction of the main shaft 12, the left end of the sliding rod 15 is matched with the linear bearing 14, and the right end of the sliding rod 15 is connected to the left end of the ball rod joint bearing 16 through threads; the right end of the ball arm joint bearing 16 is connected with an expansion sleeve 18 through threads; the main shaft 12, the rotary table 13, the linear bearing 14, the slide rod 15, the ball rod joint bearing 16, the expansion sleeve 18 and the radial joint bearing 19 form a set of device for self-adaptive contact between a bearing bush sample and a ring sample; the bearing bush self-adaptation is to overcome the eccentric wear phenomenon of the bearing bush sample in the test process caused by errors such as processing and assembling of a testing machine.

As shown in fig. 3, the bearing bush fixture 22 is composed of a stop pin 22-6, an oil inlet 22-2, an oil outlet 22-3, a locking fixture 22-4, an axial positioning groove 22-1, a circumferential positioning groove 22-5, a left sealing plate 30 and a right sealing plate 31, the bearing bush fixture 22 is cylindrical, the circumferential positioning groove 22-1 is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the bearing bush fixture 22, the oil inlet 22-2 is arranged on the upper portion of the axial positioning groove 22-1, the three oil outlets 22-3 with different heights are arranged on the lower portion of the cylinder and used for adjusting the amount of lubricating oil in the bearing bush fixture 22, the circumferential positioning groove 22-5 is arranged on the outer surface of the lower portion of the cylinder, the locking fixture 22-4 and the stop pin 22-6 are arranged on the inner wall surface opposite to the circumferential positioning groove 22-5, the bearing bush sample 20 is fixed between the locking fixture 22-4 and the stop pin 22-6, the left sealing plate 30 and the right sealing plate 31 are respectively fixed on the two ends of the bearing bush fixture 22, and the oil is also an important function of the fixture.

As shown in fig. 4, the bearing bush clamp further comprises a positioning block 21, a triangular block 23, a spring 24 and a force transmission plate 25, wherein the positioning block 21 is arranged in the middle of the force transmission plate 25 and is used for being matched with a circumferential positioning groove 22-5 to limit circumferential movement of the bearing bush clamp 22; two grooves are respectively formed in the two sides of the positioning block 21 on the force transmission plate 25, two triangular blocks 23 are respectively arranged in the two grooves in a sliding mode, a spring 24 is arranged between each triangular block 23 and the force transmission plate 25 to provide acting force for the movement of the triangular block 23 in the groove, and the triangular blocks 23 are matched with the axial positioning grooves 22-1 to limit the axial movement of the bearing bush clamp 22. The lower end of the force transmission plate 24 is connected with two guide posts 28, and the guide posts 28 penetrate through guide sleeves 29 connected to the supporting plate 27; one end of the cylinder 26 is connected with the force transmission plate 24, the other end of the cylinder 26 is fixed on the bottom plate 1, and when the cylinder 26 does not work, the force transmission plate 25 falls on the supporting plate 27.

Before a test, the oil outlet pipe of the oil pump is connected to the oil inlet 22-2, and the proper amount of lubricating oil is selected according to the test scheme, so that the oil outlets 22-2 with different heights are selected. Then the ring sample 17 is installed by adjusting the expansion sleeve 18, and the bearing bush sample 20 is installed by utilizing the positioning action of the stop pin 22-6 and the locking action of the locking clamp 22-4. And the left sealing plate 30 and the right sealing plate 31 are connected to the left end and the right end of the bearing clamp 22 for oil blocking and sealing. Before the test is started, the shoe clamp 22 is stably supported by the triangular block 23. After the air cylinder is ventilated, the force transmission plate 25 is loaded upwards, the two triangular blocks 23 automatically expand outwards, and the positioning blocks 21 are in contact with the circumferential positioning grooves 22-5 of the bearing bush clamp 22, so that the bearing bush sample 20 is loaded. The motor 4 sequentially transmits torque to the main shaft through the left coupler 5, the torque sensor 6 and the right coupler 7, the main shaft 12 transmits the torque to the rotary table 13 through keys, and the rotary table 13 sequentially transmits the torque to the ring sample 17 through the linear bearing 14, the slide rod 15, the ball rod joint bearing 16 and the expansion sleeve 18. The bearing bush sample can take place the slope of certain degree among the test process, and ring sample can the automatically regulated position state make it keep stable contact with the bearing bush sample this moment to this overcomes the eccentric wear phenomenon.

After the test is finished, the force transmission plate 25 descends, and the two triangular blocks 23 automatically contract inwards to ensure the working stability of the bearing bush clamp 22.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention are equivalent to or changed within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A friction wear test device with self-adaptive contact of a bearing bush is characterized in that an output shaft of a motor (4) is connected with a left coupler (5), a torque sensor (6) is arranged between the left coupler (5) and a right coupler (7), the right coupler (7) is connected with the left end of a main shaft (12), the middle part of the main shaft (12) is jointly fixed on a support plate (2) through a bearing seat (11) and a motor base (3), a rotary table (13) is arranged on the right side of the bearing seat (11) and fixedly connected with the main shaft (12), the right end of the main shaft (12) is connected with a centripetal joint bearing (19), the outer side of the centripetal joint bearing (19) is connected with an expansion sleeve (18), and the outer side of the expansion sleeve (18) is connected with a ring sample (17); a linear bearing (14) is fixed on the rotary table (13), a sliding rod (15) is slidably arranged in the linear bearing (14), the right end of the sliding rod (15) is connected with a ball rod joint bearing (16), and the right end of the ball rod joint bearing (16) is connected to an expansion sleeve (18); the bearing bush test sample (20) is fixed through a bearing bush clamp (22), the bearing bush test sample (20) and the ring test sample (17) form a friction pair, and the cylinder (26) drives the bearing bush clamp (22) to move so as to adjust the radial pressure between the bearing bush test sample (20) and the ring test sample (17).

2. The friction wear test device for the self-adaptive contact of the bearing bush is characterized by further comprising a sliding ring (8) and a limiter (9), wherein the sliding ring (8) is arranged on a main shaft (12) between a right coupler (7) and a bearing seat (11), the lower end of the limiter (9) is connected to a bearing seat cushion plate (10), the upper end of the limiter (9) is connected with the sliding ring (8) and used for limiting the rotation of the sliding ring (8), and the bearing seat cushion plate (10) is fixed on the supporting plate (2).

3. The friction wear test device for the self-adaptive contact of the bearing bush is characterized in that the bearing bush clamp (22) comprises a stop pin (22-6), an oil inlet (22-2), an oil outlet (22-3), a locking clamp (22-4), an axial positioning groove (22-1), a circumferential positioning groove (22-5), a left sealing plate (30) and a right sealing plate (31), the bearing bush clamp (22) is cylindrical, the outer peripheral surface of the bearing bush clamp is provided with the annular axial positioning groove (22-1), the upper portion of the axial positioning groove (22-1) is provided with the oil inlet (22-2), the lower portion of the cylinder is provided with the oil outlet (22-3), the outer surface of the lower portion of the cylinder is provided with the circumferential positioning groove (22-5), the inner wall surface opposite to the circumferential positioning groove (22-5) is provided with the locking clamp (22-4) and the stop pin (22-6), the bearing bush sample (20) is fixed between the locking clamp (22-4) and the stop pin (22-6), and the left sealing plate (30) and the right sealing plate (31) are respectively fixed at two ends of the clamp (22).

4. A bearing shell adaptive contact friction wear test device according to claim 3, characterized in that three oil outlets (22-3) are provided at different heights of the circumference of the bearing shell clamp (22) for adjusting the amount of lubricating oil in the bearing shell clamp (22).

5. The friction and wear test device with self-adaptive contact of the bearing bushes according to claim 3, characterized by further comprising a triangular block (23), a force transfer plate (25), a spring (24) and a positioning block (21), wherein the positioning block (21) is arranged in the middle of the force transfer plate (25) and is used for being matched with a circumferential positioning groove (22-5) to limit the circumferential movement of the bearing bush clamp (22); two grooves are respectively formed in two sides of the positioning block (21) on the force transfer plate (25), two triangular blocks (23) are respectively arranged in the two grooves in a sliding mode, a spring (24) is arranged between each triangular block (23) and the force transfer plate (25), the spring (24) provides acting force for the triangular blocks (23) to move in the grooves, and the triangular blocks (23) are matched with the axial positioning grooves (22-1) to limit axial movement of the bearing bush clamp (22).

6. A friction wear test device for bearing shell self-adaptive contact according to claim 5, characterized in that the lower end of the force transmission plate (25) is connected with two guide posts (28), and the guide posts (28) penetrate through guide sleeves (29) connected to the supporting plate (27); one end of the cylinder (26) is connected with the force transmission plate (25), and the other end of the cylinder (26) is fixed on the bottom plate (1).

7. The friction wear test device for the self-adaptive contact of the bearing bush is characterized in that screw buttons are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the force transmission plate (25), the screw buttons are in threaded connection with the force transmission plate (25), and one end of each screw button is fixed with the spring (24) and used for adjusting the tightness of the spring (24).