CN112781816B - Device and method for analyzing forced vibration coupling characteristic of stator winding system - Google Patents
Device and method for analyzing forced vibration coupling characteristic of stator winding system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112781816B CN112781816B CN202110090182.6A CN202110090182A CN112781816B CN 112781816 B CN112781816 B CN 112781816B CN 202110090182 A CN202110090182 A CN 202110090182A CN 112781816 B CN112781816 B CN 112781816B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
- G01M7/04—Monodirectional test stands
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
- G01M7/022—Vibration control arrangements, e.g. for generating random vibrations
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
- G01M7/025—Measuring arrangements
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for analyzing forced vibration coupling characteristics of a stator winding system, which comprises a stator, a rotor, a winding, a transmission mechanism, a supporting mechanism and a measuring mechanism, wherein the transmission mechanism comprises a dragging motor, a coupler, a rotating shaft and a rolling bearing; the output end of the dragging motor is connected with a rotating shaft through a coupler, the rotating shaft penetrates through the rotor and is fixed with the rotor, rolling bearings are arranged on the rotating shaft at the two ends of the rotor, the supporting mechanism is used for fixing the dragging motor, the rolling bearings and the stator, and the measuring mechanism is used for measuring the vibration of the winding; the invention provides a device and a method for analyzing the forced vibration coupling characteristic of a stator-winding system, which realize the separation of primary and secondary forced vibration, analyze vibration data under three conditions and obtain the coupling characteristic of the stator-winding system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of experimental equipment, and particularly relates to a device and a method for analyzing forced vibration coupling characteristics of a stator winding system.
Background
The fundamental reason for the vibration of the generator is that the interaction of the internal components of the generator causes the unbalanced force, and at the same time, the unbalanced force tends to have periodicity, and the unbalanced force is called excitation force, and the periodic displacement generated under the excitation is forced vibration.
The forced vibration can be classified into a primary forced vibration and a secondary forced vibration. In brief, the one-time forced vibration refers to the vibration of the object to be researched caused by the direct action of the exciting force on the object to be researched; the second forced vibration is the vibration of the object to be researched caused by the action of the excitation force on the object elastically connected with the object to be researched.
The vibration of the generator can cause the insulation abrasion of the winding and shorten the service life of the bearing, and the normal lubrication of the rolling bearing is influenced. The exciting force promotes the expansion of the insulation gap, so that external dust and moisture invade the insulation gap, the insulation resistance is reduced, the leakage current is increased, and even insulation breakdown and other accidents are caused. Insulation damage of windings in electric machines is a major factor in winding failure, the root cause of which is mechanical vibration of the windings. The vibration of the generator is caused by a plurality of factors, and the common reasons include rotor eccentricity, short circuit of stator and rotor windings, mechanical abrasion, uneven mass distribution and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a device and a method for analyzing the forced vibration coupling characteristic of a stator winding system, which achieve the separation of the first and second forced vibrations, and analyze the vibration data under three conditions to obtain the coupling characteristic of the stator winding system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a device for analyzing forced vibration coupling characteristics of a stator winding system comprises a stator, a rotor, a winding, a transmission mechanism, a supporting mechanism and a measuring mechanism, wherein the transmission mechanism comprises a dragging motor, a coupler, a rotating shaft and a rolling bearing; the output end of the dragging motor is connected with the rotating shaft through the coupler, the rotating shaft penetrates through the rotor and is fixed with the rotor, rolling bearings are arranged on the rotating shafts at the two ends of the rotor, the supporting mechanism is used for fixing the dragging motor, the rolling bearings and the stator, and the measuring mechanism is used for measuring the vibration of the winding.
Preferably, the measuring mechanism comprises a sensor and a vibration exciter, the sensor is arranged in the radial direction and the tangential direction of the winding, and the vibration exciter is arranged at the bottom end of the stator; the sensor is used for acquiring the vibration quantity of the winding in different directions.
Preferably, the vibration exciter is turned off when the driving motor is in operation, so that primary forced vibration can be measured, and the secondary forced vibration can be measured by adjusting the frequency and the vibration amplitude of the vibration exciter to simulate the magnetic pulling force applied to the stator when the driving motor is not in operation, and the primary and secondary coupling forced vibration can be measured when the vibration exciter is turned on when the driving motor is in operation.
Preferably, the supporting mechanism comprises a bearing seat, a cushion block, a fixed seat, a supporting table and a base, wherein the stator, the cushion block and the supporting table are all fixed on the base, the bearing seat is used for fixing the rolling bearing and is fixedly connected with the cushion block, and the fixed seat is used for supporting the dragging motor and is fixedly connected with the supporting table.
Preferably, the cushion block has a height adjusting function, and the rotor, the rotating shaft and the dragging motor are concentric by adjusting the height of the cushion block.
Preferably, the base is provided with a support screw for supporting the base; the height of the supporting screw is adjustable, and the height of the base from the ground can be adjusted.
Preferably, two arcs are connected to the stator bottom, the arcwall face and the outer disc coincidence of stator of arc, the plane of two arcs and the terminal surface coincidence of stator to it is fixed with the stator through set screw, the bottom and the base of arc are fixed.
Preferably, the sensor is connected with the computer through an acquisition instrument, and the acquisition instrument converts an analog quantity signal of the sensor into a digital quantity signal and transmits the digital quantity signal to the computer.
Preferably, the windings are divided into three phases and connected in a Y shape, and straight line segments are fixed in stator wire slots; the winding is of a double-layer structure, one straight line section bar of the same turn is arranged on the upper layer of one groove, and the other straight line section bar is arranged on the lower layer of the winding; the winding pitch is 4, namely two linear line bars of the same turn of winding are spaced by four grooves.
A method for analyzing forced vibration coupling characteristic of stator winding system,
the vibration exciter is fixed under the stator, the vibration exciter is started, the frequency and the amplitude are adjusted, and a winding vibration signal acquired by the sensor is read and output to obtain secondary forced vibration quantity;
closing the vibration exciter, introducing three-phase alternating current into the dragging motor, adjusting the motor to a rated rotating speed, reading and outputting a winding vibration signal acquired by the sensor to obtain a primary forced vibration quantity;
and starting the vibration exciter, measuring the vibration of the winding while dragging the motor to work, reading and outputting signals acquired by the sensor to obtain the primary and secondary coupling forced vibration quantity.
Analyzing the primary forced vibration quantity, the secondary forced vibration quantity and the primary and secondary coupling forced vibration quantities through a computer, and if the result of the primary and secondary coupling forced vibration is greater than that of the other two cases, indicating that the two forces are in a strengthened relationship; otherwise, the two are in a cut-down relationship.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a device for analyzing the forced vibration coupling characteristic of a stator winding system, which simulates secondary forced vibration through a vibration exciter, measures vibration parameters through sensors arranged in the radial direction and the tangential direction of a winding, measures the forced vibration parameters under different conditions by changing the working states of the vibration exciter and a dragging motor, realizes the separation of primary and secondary forced vibration, and analyzes the coupling characteristic of the primary and secondary forced vibration through a computer.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a stator winding rotor structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a stator structure;
FIG. 4 a) is a schematic diagram of a single winding structure, and FIG. 4 b) is a schematic diagram of a winding structure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a sensor structure;
FIG. 6 is a front view of an arcuate plate structure;
FIG. 7 is a side view of the structure of the curved plate
FIG. 8 is a bottom view of the structure of the traction motor and its support mechanism;
FIG. 9 is a side view of the structure of the traction motor and its supporting mechanism;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the vibration exciter.
Wherein, 1-a rotating shaft; 2-rolling bearings; 3, bearing seats; 4-a rotor; 5, coupling; 6-a dragging motor; 7-a fixed seat; 8-a computer; 9-a support screw; 10-a sensor; 11-a stator; 12-a vibration exciter; 123-ejector pin; 122-excitation kernel; 123-bottom block; 13-a winding; 14-an arc-shaped plate; 15-cushion blocks; 16-a set screw; 17-a base; and 18, supporting the table.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, 8 and 9, a device for analyzing forced vibration coupling characteristics of a stator winding system comprises a stator 11, a rotor 4, a winding 13, a transmission mechanism, a supporting mechanism and a measuring mechanism, wherein the transmission mechanism comprises a dragging motor 6, a coupler 5, a rotating shaft 1 and a rolling bearing 2; the output end of the dragging motor 6 is connected with the rotating shaft 1 through the rigid coupler 5, the rotating shaft 1 penetrates through the rotor 4 and is fixed with the rotor 4, the rotor 4 and the dragging motor 6 are synchronous in rotating speed, the rolling bearings 2 are arranged on the rotating shafts 1 at two ends of the rotor 4, the supporting mechanism is used for supporting and fixing the dragging motor 6, the rolling bearings 2 and the stator 11, and the measuring mechanism is used for measuring the vibration quantity of the winding 13. The stator 11 is a non-magnetic conductive stator, the rotor 4 is a permanent magnetic rotor, the length of the stator 11 is the same as that of the rotor 4, and the vibration amount includes at least one of vibration speed, vibration acceleration and vibration displacement.
In another embodiment, the supporting mechanism includes, bearing frame 3, cushion 15, fixing base 7, supporting bench 18 and base 17, and stator 11, cushion 15 and supporting bench 18 all fix on base 17, and bearing frame 3 is used for fixed antifriction bearing 2 and with cushion 15 fixed connection, and the fixing base is used for supporting and drags motor 6 and with supporting bench 18 fixed connection.
In another embodiment, the height of the cushion block 15 is adjustable, and the rotor 4, the rotating shaft 1 and the dragging motor 6 are concentric by adjusting the height of the cushion block 15, so that stable operation is ensured, and vibration caused by installation factors is avoided. Wherein, the cushion block 15 comprises cushion plates with various specifications and heights, and the height of the cushion block 15 is adjusted by replacing the specifications and the number of the cushion plates.
In another embodiment, the base is provided with a support screw 9 for supporting the base 17; the height of the supporting screw 9 can be adjusted, and the height of the base 17 from the ground can be adjusted.
Referring to fig. 2, 6 and 7, in another embodiment, the stator 11 is directly below the rotor 4, the bottom end of the stator 11 is connected with two arc-shaped plates 14, each arc-shaped plate 14 comprises an arc-shaped surface and an end surface, the arc-shaped surfaces of the arc-shaped plates 14 are exactly overlapped with the outer circular surface of the stator 11, the planes of the two arc-shaped plates 14 are overlapped with the end surfaces of the stator 11, the arc-shaped plates 14 are fixed with the stator 11 through fixing screws 16, and the bottoms of the arc-shaped plates 14 are fixed with a base 17.
As shown in fig. 3, the stator 11 is an arc-shaped structure, the arc-shaped wall of the stator 11 is provided with grooves for embedding the windings 13, and a pitch is formed between two adjacent grooves.
In another embodiment, the sensor 10 is connected with the computer 8 through an acquisition instrument, the acquisition instrument converts an analog quantity signal of the sensor 10 into a digital quantity signal and transmits the digital quantity signal to the computer 8, and the variation relation of the vibration quantity along with time can be obtained through continuous sampling of the sensor.
In another embodiment, shown in fig. 4a and 4b, the winding 13 is divided into three phases, connected according to a Y-shape, one, the straight section of the winding 13 is fixed in the groove of the stator 10; the winding 13 is of a double-layer structure, one straight-line-section wire rod of the same turn is arranged on the upper layer of one groove, and the other straight-line-section wire rod is arranged on the lower layer of the groove; the winding 13 has a pitch of 4, i.e. two straight line bars of the same turn of winding 13 are separated by three grooves.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the measuring means comprise a sensor 10 and an exciter 12, the sensor 10 being arranged in the radial and tangential directions of the winding 13, the exciter 12 being arranged at the bottom end of the stator 11; the sensor 10 is used for acquiring vibration quantities of the winding 13 in different directions, and simulating magnetic pulling force applied to the stator 11 by adjusting the frequency and the excitation amplitude of the vibration exciter 12 in a non-operation state of the dragging motor 6.
In another embodiment, the exciter 12 is turned off to measure the primary forced vibration when the driving motor 6 is in operation, the magnetic pulling force applied to the stator 11 is simulated by adjusting the frequency and the exciting amplitude of the exciter 12 to measure the secondary forced vibration when the driving motor 6 is not in operation, and the exciter 12 is turned on to measure the primary and secondary coupled forced vibrations when the driving motor 6 is in operation.
As shown in fig. 10, the vibration exciter 12 includes a top rod 121, a vibration exciting core 122 and a bottom block 123, wherein the top rod 121, the vibration exciting core 122 and the bottom block 123 are concentrically disposed between the two arc plates 14 and located right below the stator 11, the top rod 121 is connected to the bottom of the stator 11, and the bottom block 123 is connected to the base.
A method for analyzing forced vibration coupling characteristic of stator winding system,
the vibration exciter 12 is fixed under the stator 11, the vibration exciter 12 is started, the frequency and the amplitude are adjusted, and the vibration signals of the winding 13 collected by the sensor 10 are read and output to obtain secondary forced vibration quantity;
wherein, to under the normal condition (magnetic conductivity stator), the stator receives the magnetic pull force of directional centre of a circle and is:
F c synthesizing the fundamental magnetic potential, Λ, for the air gap 0 The magnetic conductance per unit area under normal working condition 0 Is the vacuum permeability, omega is the electrical angular frequency, p is the polar logarithm, alpha m Is the air gap circumferential mechanical angle, beta is the internal power angle. According to the formula, vibration exciter 12 can be used to simulate magnetic pull with amplitude of
The frequency is the electrical angular frequency omega.
The vibration exciter 12 is closed, three-phase alternating current is introduced into the dragging motor 6, the rated rotating speed is adjusted, and a vibration signal of the winding 13 acquired by the sensor 10 is read and output to obtain a primary forced vibration quantity;
starting a vibration exciter 12, measuring the vibration of a winding 13 while the dragging motor 6 works, reading and outputting the acquired signals, and obtaining a primary coupling forced vibration quantity and a secondary coupling forced vibration quantity;
analyzing the primary forced vibration quantity, the secondary forced vibration quantity and the primary and secondary coupling forced vibration quantities through the computer 8, and if the result of the primary and secondary coupling forced vibration is greater than that of the other two cases, indicating that the two vibrations are in a strengthened relationship; otherwise, the two are in a cut-down relationship.
In another embodiment, the sensor 10 may adopt an acceleration sensor, a displacement sensor or a force sensor, the acceleration sensor may be used to obtain an acceleration parameter, and the displacement sensor may be used to obtain a displacement parameter; the force parameter may be obtained using a force sensor. The variation trend of displacement, force and acceleration can reflect the variation trend of vibration force.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
under the non-operation state of the dragging motor 6, the magnetic pull force applied on the stator 11 is simulated by adjusting the frequency and the excitation amplitude of the vibration exciter 12 fixed at the bottom end of the stator 11; in a non-operation state, no induction current is generated in the winding 13, no electromagnetic force excitation and corresponding vibration response exist, and the sensor 10 can measure the secondary forced vibration of the winding 13 under the electromagnetic force single excitation of the stator 11; the dragging motor 6 is connected with three-phase alternating current, the dragging motor 6 is adjusted to the rated rotating speed, and the vibration exciter 12 is closed; only the electromagnetic force acting on the winding 13 at this time can measure the primary forced vibration on the winding 13 through the sensor 10; when the exciter 12 is turned on while the driving motor 6 is working, the analog magnetic pull on the stator 11 and the electromagnetic force on the winding 13 exist simultaneously, and the sensor 10 can measure the primary and secondary coupling forced vibration on the winding 13. And (3) importing the data into a computer, respectively comparing and analyzing the radial and tangential vibration quantity data of the winding 13 acquired under the three working conditions in the computer, and finally obtaining and analyzing the primary and secondary forced vibration coupling characteristics of the stator winding system.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. A device for analyzing forced vibration coupling characteristics of a stator winding system is characterized by comprising a stator (11), a rotor (4), a winding (13), a transmission mechanism, a supporting mechanism and a measuring mechanism, wherein the transmission mechanism comprises a dragging motor (6), a coupler (5), a rotating shaft (1) and a rolling bearing (2); the output end of the dragging motor (6) is connected with the rotating shaft (1) through the coupler (5), the rotating shaft (1) penetrates through the rotor (4) and is fixed with the rotor (4), the rolling bearings (2) are arranged on the rotating shaft (1) at the two ends of the rotor (4), the supporting mechanism is used for fixing the dragging motor (6), the rolling bearings (2) and the stator (11), and the measuring mechanism is used for measuring the vibration quantity of the winding (13);
the measuring mechanism comprises a sensor (10) and a vibration exciter (12), the sensor (10) is arranged in the radial direction and the tangential direction of a winding (13), and the vibration exciter (12) is arranged at the bottom end of the stator (11);
under the running state of the dragging motor (6), the vibration exciter (12) is closed, the primary forced vibration quantity is measured, under the non-running state of the dragging motor (6), the magnetic pulling force applied to the stator (11) is simulated by adjusting the frequency and the vibration exciting amplitude of the vibration exciter (12), the secondary forced vibration quantity is measured, and under the running state of the dragging motor (6), the vibration exciter (12) is opened, and the primary coupling forced vibration quantity and the secondary coupling forced vibration quantity are measured.
2. A device for analyzing the forced vibration coupling characteristics of a stator winding system according to claim 1, wherein the sensor (10) is connected with the computer (8) through a collecting instrument, and the collecting instrument converts the analog quantity signal of the sensor (10) into a digital quantity signal and transmits the digital quantity signal to the computer (8).
3. The device for analyzing the forced vibration coupling characteristic of the stator winding system according to claim 1, wherein the supporting mechanism comprises a bearing seat (3), a cushion block (15), a fixed seat (7), a supporting table (18) and a base (17), the stator (11), the cushion block (15) and the supporting table (18) are all fixed on the base (17), the bearing seat (3) is fixedly connected with an outer ring of the rolling bearing (2), the bearing seat (3) is fixedly connected with the cushion block (15), and the fixed seat (7) is used for supporting the dragging motor (6) and is fixedly connected with the supporting table (18).
4. The device for resolving the forced vibration coupling characteristic of the stator winding system according to claim 3, wherein the spacer (15) has a height adjusting function, and the rotor (4), the rotating shaft (1) and the dragging motor (6) are concentric by adjusting the height of the spacer (15).
5. A device for resolving the forced vibration coupling behaviour of a stator winding system according to claim 3, characterised in that said base is provided with support screws (9) for supporting said base (17).
6. A device for analyzing forced vibration coupling characteristics of a stator winding system according to claim 3, wherein the bottom end of the stator (11) is connected with two arc-shaped plates (14), the arc-shaped surfaces of the arc-shaped plates (14) are coincided with the outer circular surface of the stator (11), the planes of the two arc-shaped plates (14) are coincided with the end surface of the stator (11), the arc-shaped plates (14) are fixed with the stator (11) through fixing screws (16), and the bottoms of the arc-shaped plates (14) are fixed with the base (17).
7. A device for resolving the forced vibration coupling characteristics of a stator winding system according to claim 1, wherein the windings (13) are divided into three phases, connected according to a Y-shape, and the straight line segments are fixed in the grooves of the stator (11); the winding (13) is of a double-layer structure, one straight-line-section wire rod of the same turn is arranged on the upper layer of one groove, and the other straight-line-section wire rod is arranged on the lower layer of the groove; two linear line bars of the same turn of winding are separated by three grooves.
8. A method for analyzing the forced vibration coupling characteristic of a stator winding system, which is suitable for the device for analyzing the forced vibration coupling characteristic of the stator winding system in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprises the steps of,
the vibration exciter 12 is fixed right below the stator (11), the vibration exciter (12) is started, the frequency and the amplitude are adjusted, and a vibration signal of the winding (13) acquired by the sensor (10) is read and output to obtain secondary forced vibration quantity;
the vibration exciter (12) is closed, three-phase alternating current is introduced into the dragging motor (6), the speed is adjusted to the rated speed, and a vibration signal of the winding (13) acquired by the sensor (10) is read and output to obtain a primary forced vibration quantity;
starting a vibration exciter (12), measuring the vibration of a winding while the dragging motor (6) works, reading and outputting a signal acquired by the sensor (10) to obtain a primary coupling forced vibration quantity and a secondary coupling forced vibration quantity;
analyzing the primary forced vibration quantity, the secondary forced vibration quantity and the primary and secondary coupling forced vibration quantities through a computer (8), and if the results of the primary and secondary coupling forced vibration quantities are larger than those of the other two cases, indicating that the two forces are in a strengthened relationship; otherwise, the two are in a cut-down relationship.
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| CN114578225B (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2023-03-24 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Device and method for simulating insulation wear of stator winding |
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