CN112781271A - Heat storage type solar combined cooling and heating system - Google Patents
Heat storage type solar combined cooling and heating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112781271A CN112781271A CN202110152995.3A CN202110152995A CN112781271A CN 112781271 A CN112781271 A CN 112781271A CN 202110152995 A CN202110152995 A CN 202110152995A CN 112781271 A CN112781271 A CN 112781271A
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 186
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 114
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 116
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 17
- 108010063955 thrombin receptor peptide (42-47) Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B29/00—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
- F25B29/006—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously of the sorption type system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D15/00—Other domestic- or space-heating systems
- F24D15/02—Other domestic- or space-heating systems consisting of self-contained heating units, e.g. storage heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
- F24S20/40—Solar heat collectors combined with other heat sources, e.g. using electrical heating or heat from ambient air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
- F24S60/30—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors storing heat in liquids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
- F25B15/02—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas
- F25B15/06—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas the refrigerant being water vapour evaporated from a salt solution, e.g. lithium bromide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
- F25B27/002—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy
- F25B27/007—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy in sorption type systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/14—Solar energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
Abstract
The invention provides a heat storage type solar combined cooling and heating system, which comprises a molten salt storage tank, a solar heat collector, a steam generator and a steam-water heat exchanger, wherein the molten salt storage tank is internally stored with molten salt, the solar heat collector is communicated with the molten salt storage tank through a pipeline, the molten salt can circulate between the solar thermal collector and the molten salt storage tank, the molten salt is conveyed to the molten salt storage tank after the temperature of the molten salt is raised after the solar thermal collector absorbs solar heat, the cooled molten salt can return to the solar thermal collector from the molten salt storage tank, the steam generator is arranged in the molten salt storage tank, steam generated by the steam generator can supply heat to a user after heat exchange through the steam-water heat exchanger, and the steam after heat exchange is converted into condensed water to return to the steam generator. Solar heating is used as a main part, electric heating is carried out in the valley electricity period, and solar energy and electric heating are combined to provide stable heat, so that efficient utilization of solar energy is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solar heat utilization, in particular to a heat storage type solar combined cooling and heating system.
Background
Solar energy is a clean renewable energy source and has great utilization potential. The solar heating can effectively reduce the consumption of non-renewable energy sources such as coal, gas and the like, reduce the emission of pollutants such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide and the like, and reduce the environmental pollution. Because solar energy has volatility and can not provide continuous and stable energy, on the other hand, the power system in China has the problems of poor power peak-valley difference, insufficient power grid peak regulation capacity and the like, and the heat storage technology can convert electric energy into heat energy for storage and release and utilize the stored heat energy when needed. Therefore, there is a need for a heat storage type solar combined cooling and heating system which improves the utilization rate of solar energy, realizes efficient utilization of solar energy, simultaneously realizes valley power consumption, achieves reduction of peak-valley difference of a power grid, and enhances the transmission capacity of the power grid.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a heat storage type solar combined cooling and heating system which is used for heating in winter and cooling in summer, improves the solar utilization rate, and simultaneously realizes that valley electricity is used for heating molten salt to store heat in a molten salt tank and release heat in a heat consumption peak period, thereby achieving the purposes of reducing the peak-valley difference of a power grid and enhancing the power transmission capacity of the power grid.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a heat accumulation type solar energy is cold heat supply system jointly, includes fused salt storage tank, solar collector, steam generator and steam-water heat exchanger, wherein, fused salt is stored to fused salt storage tank internal storage, solar collector pass through the pipeline with fused salt storage tank intercommunication, the fused salt can solar collector with circulate between the fused salt storage tank, the fused salt is in solar collector internal absorption solar heat volume temperature risees the back and carry to the fused salt storage tank, after the cooling the fused salt can be followed the fused salt storage tank gets back to in the solar collector, steam generator arranges in the fused salt storage tank, steam that steam generator produced can supply heat to the user after the steam-water heat exchanger heat transfer, after the heat transfer steam turns into the comdenstion water and returns steam generator.
Further, in the above-mentioned heat accumulation type solar energy combined cooling and heating system, the cooling and heating system further includes a lithium bromide refrigerating unit, and the steam generated by the steam generator can be used as a driving heat source of the lithium bromide refrigerating unit, and the lithium bromide refrigerating unit can supply cold to the user.
Further, in the above heat-storage type solar combined cooling and heating system, the cooling and heating system further includes a steam trap, and the steam after heat exchange is converted into condensed water and returns to the steam generator through the steam trap.
Further, in the above-mentioned heat accumulation type solar energy combined cooling and heating system, the cooling and heating system further includes an electric heater, the electric heater is located in the heat exchange area inside the molten salt storage tank, and the electric heater is connected with an external power supply.
Further, in the above-mentioned heat storage type solar energy combined cooling and heating system, the cooling and heating system further includes a molten salt pump, and the molten salt circulates between the molten salt storage tank and the solar thermal collector through the molten salt pump.
Further, in the above heat storage type solar combined cooling and heating system, the hot water after heat exchange in the steam-water heat exchanger is delivered to the user through a first water supply pipe, and the hot water after heat exchange at the user is returned to the steam-water heat exchanger through a first water return pipe; preferably, a fourth valve is arranged on the first water supply pipe; and a first circulating pump is arranged on the first water return pipe.
Further, in the above heat storage type solar combined cooling and heating system, a first water replenishing pipe is communicated with the first water return pipe, the first water return pipe is communicated with a water replenishing tank through the first water replenishing pipe, preferably, a constant pressure device is arranged on the first water replenishing pipe, and preferably, a differential pressure filter is arranged on the first water return pipe between the constant pressure device and the first circulating pump; preferably, a third valve is arranged on the first water return pipe between the first circulating pump and the steam-water heat exchanger.
Further, in the above heat storage type solar combined cooling and heating system, steam generated by the steam generator enters the steam-water heat exchanger through the first steam supply pipe for heat exchange, the first steam supply pipe is provided with a first valve, the steam after heat exchange is converted into condensed water and returns to the steam generator through the first steam return pipe, and the first steam return pipe is provided with a second valve.
Further, in the heat storage type solar combined cooling and heating system, steam generated by the steam generator enters a lithium bromide water solution in a heating generator of the lithium bromide refrigeration unit through a second steam supply pipe, a fifth valve is arranged on the second steam supply pipe, the steam subjected to heat exchange in the lithium bromide refrigeration unit is converted into condensed water and returns to the steam generator through a second steam return pipe, a sixth valve is arranged on the second steam return pipe, chilled water subjected to refrigeration by the lithium bromide refrigeration unit is conveyed to a user through a second water supply pipe, and the chilled water is subjected to heat exchange at the user and then returns to the lithium bromide refrigeration unit through a second water return pipe; preferably, a seventh valve is arranged on the second water supply pipe; the second water return pipe is communicated with the water replenishing tank sequentially through the first water return pipe and the first water replenishing pipe.
Further, in the above heat storage type solar combined cooling and heating system, the cooling and heating system further includes a cooling tower, the cooling tower is communicated with the lithium bromide refrigeration unit, cooling water can circulate between the cooling tower and the lithium bromide refrigeration unit, the cooling tower is communicated with the lithium bromide refrigeration unit through a cooling water supply pipe, and the cooling water after heat exchange in the lithium bromide refrigeration unit returns to the cooling tower through the cooling water return pipe; the cooling water supply pipe is provided with a second circulating pump, preferably, a second water supplementing pipe is communicated with the cooling water supply pipe, and the second water supplementing pipe is provided with an eighth valve.
The analysis shows that the invention discloses a heat storage type solar combined cooling and heating system which can utilize valley electricity heating fused salt at night as a heat source to supply heat for users in the heating season under the condition of insufficient solar energy at night; solar energy is collected by the solar heat collector as a heat source to supply heat to heat users under the condition of sufficient solar energy in the daytime, and meanwhile, abundant heat can be stored in the molten salt storage tank and released during peak heat consumption. In the cooling season, under the condition of insufficient solar energy at night, molten salt is heated at the night valley electricity time period to serve as a driving heat source of the lithium bromide refrigerating unit to supply cold for users; solar energy is collected by the solar heat collector to be used as a driving heat source to supply cold for users under the condition of sufficient solar energy in the daytime, and meanwhile, abundant heat can be stored in the molten salt tank and released during cold consumption peak. The solar energy and the electric heating molten salt heat storage are combined, so that the problem caused by instability of the solar energy can be effectively solved, the utilization rate of the solar energy is improved, and the high-efficiency utilization of the solar energy is realized; and simultaneously, valley power consumption can be realized, and the purposes of reducing the peak-valley difference of the power grid and enhancing the power transmission capacity of the power grid are achieved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. Wherein:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1, a molten salt storage tank; 2, a solar heat collector; 3, a steam generator; 4 a steam-water heat exchanger; 5 lithium bromide refrigerating unit; 6, a steam trap; 7 an electric heater; 8 molten salt pump; 9 a first water supply pipe; 10 a first water return pipe; 11 a first water replenishing pipe; 12 water replenishing tank; 13 a constant pressure device; 14 a differential pressure filter; 15 a first steam supply pipe; 16 a first steam return; 17 a second steam supply pipe; 18 a second steam return; 19 a second water supply pipe; 20 a second water return pipe; 21 a second water replenishing pipe; 22 a first valve; 23 a second valve; 24 a third valve; 25 a fourth valve; 26 a fifth valve; 27 a sixth valve; 28 a seventh valve; 29 an eighth valve; 30 a cooling tower; 31 a cooling water supply pipe; a 32 cooling water return pipe; 33 a first circulation pump; 34 a second circulation pump; 35 an external power source; 36 user.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. The various examples are provided by way of explanation of the invention, and not limitation of the invention. In fact, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit thereof. For instance, features illustrated or described as part of one embodiment, can be used with another embodiment to yield a still further embodiment. It is therefore intended that the present invention encompass such modifications and variations as fall within the scope of the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are for convenience of description of the present invention only and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The terms "connected," "connected," and "disposed" as used herein are intended to be broadly construed, and may include, for example, fixed and removable connections; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through intermediate components; the connection may be a wired electrical connection, a wireless electrical connection, or a wireless communication signal connection, and a person skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to specific situations.
One or more examples of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The detailed description uses numerical and letter designations to refer to features in the drawings. Like or similar designations in the drawings and description have been used to refer to like or similar parts of the invention. As used herein, the terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth," etc. may be used interchangeably to distinguish one component from another and are not intended to indicate the position or importance of an individual component.
As shown in fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a heat storage type solar energy combined cooling and heating system is provided, which includes a molten salt storage tank 1, a solar heat collector 2, a steam generator 3 and a steam-water heat exchanger 4, wherein molten salt is stored in the molten salt storage tank 1, the solar heat collector 2 is communicated with the molten salt storage tank 1 through a pipeline, the molten salt can circulate between the solar heat collector 2 and the molten salt storage tank 1, the molten salt is transported to the molten salt storage tank 1 after the temperature of the molten salt is raised by absorbing solar heat in the solar heat collector 2, solar energy is converted into heat energy through the molten salt and stored in the molten salt storage tank 1, the molten salt cooled by heat exchange of the steam generator 3 can return to the solar heat collector 2 from the molten salt storage tank 1, circulation of the molten salt between the molten salt storage tank 1, the fused salt in the fused salt storage tank 1 releases heat to enable the steam generator 3 to generate steam, the steam generated by the steam generator 3 can supply heat to a user 36 through the steam-water heat exchanger 4 after heat exchange through the steam-water heat exchanger 4, and the steam after heat exchange is converted into condensed water to return to the steam generator 3 to complete circulation.
The invention is a single-tank (molten salt storage tank 1) system, and the steam generator 3 is arranged in the molten salt storage tank 1, thus saving the occupied area; the system mainly uses solar energy for heating, can utilize electric heating in the valley electricity period, and solar energy and electric heating combine to provide continuous stable heat, realize that solar energy high efficiency utilizes.
The solar energy is mainly utilized to heat the low-temperature molten salt, the steam generator 3 is arranged in the molten salt storage tank 1, and high-temperature steam generated by the steam generator 3 in a heat supply season is used for heat supply in winter after heat exchange is carried out by the steam-water heat exchanger 4; the high-temperature steam generated by the steam generator 3 is used as a driving heat source of the lithium bromide refrigerating unit 5 for cooling in summer. The heat storage type solar combined cooling and heating system provided by the invention can supply heat in winter and cool in summer, and the utilization rate of solar energy is improved.
In addition, the solar energy is utilized to heat the low-temperature molten salt, and the heat is stored in the molten salt. Compared with a scheme that the water is heated by using the molten salt and the heat is converted into hot water to be stored in the water storage tank, the structure is simplified, and the efficiency is improved.
Further, the cooling and heating system further comprises a lithium bromide refrigerating unit 5, the lithium bromide refrigerating unit 5 is a steam type lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit, steam generated by the steam generator 3 can be used as a driving heat source of the lithium bromide refrigerating unit 5, and the lithium bromide refrigerating unit 5 can prepare chilled water and convey the chilled water to the user 36 through a pipeline, so that cooling of the user 36 is achieved. The steam type lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit comprises an absorber, a condenser and an evaporator, wherein the steam type lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit takes the heat energy of steam as a driving heat source, a lithium bromide water solution as an absorbent and water as a refrigerant. When the lithium bromide water solution is heated by steam in the steam generator 3, the water in the lithium bromide water solution is continuously vaporized; along with the continuous vaporization of the water, the concentration of the lithium bromide aqueous solution in the generator is continuously increased and enters the absorber; the water vapor enters a condenser, is cooled by cooling water in the condenser and then is condensed to form high-pressure low-temperature liquid water; when the water in the condenser enters the evaporator through the throttle valve, it expands rapidly and vaporizes, and absorbs a large amount of heat of refrigerant water in the evaporator to produce chilled water in the vaporization process, thus achieving the purpose of cooling and refrigeration.
According to the invention, solar heat is stored in the molten salt, and steam generated by the built-in steam generator 3 in the molten salt storage tank 1 acts on the lithium bromide refrigerating unit 5 for cooling, so that heat supply and cooling can be realized, and the solar energy utilization rate is improved.
Furthermore, the cooling and heating system also comprises a steam trap 6, and steam after heat exchange is converted into condensed water to return to the steam generator 3 through the steam trap 6.
Further, the cooling and heating system further comprises an electric heater 7, the electric heater 7 is located in the heat exchange area inside the molten salt storage tank 1, the electric heater 7 is located inside the molten salt storage tank 1, and the ring is uniformly arranged at the bottom inside the storage tank, so that the heating efficiency is improved. The electric heater 7 is connected to an external power source 35, and the external power source 35 may be a power grid. The electric heater 7 has two purposes: 1. the electric heater 7 can replace a heat tracing system, when the temperature of the molten salt is low, the electric heater 7 is started to heat the molten salt by using the external power supply 35, and the problem of pipeline blockage caused by low temperature of the molten salt at night or in cloudy days under the condition of insufficient solar energy is effectively prevented. 2. The electric heater 7 can play a part of the peak regulation function of the power grid, and the electric heater 7 is started to heat the molten salt and store the molten salt in the molten salt storage tank 1 in the valley power period, so that the purposes of reducing the peak-valley difference of the power grid and enhancing the power transmission capacity of the power grid are achieved.
The cooling and heating system has two modes of solar heating and electric heating, the electric heater 7 arranged in the molten salt storage tank 1 can heat molten salt by using valley electricity in the valley electricity period, and electric energy is converted into heat energy to be stored, so that a certain power grid peak regulation effect can be achieved; the electric heater 7 has the electric heat tracing function, so that the problem of molten salt pipeline blockage caused by low molten salt temperature under the condition of insufficient solar energy is effectively solved; the electric heating has the functions of electric tracing and power grid peak regulation at the same time, and can improve the operation stability of the system and reduce the operation cost. The combination of solar energy and electric heating can provide continuous and stable heat, and the efficient utilization of solar energy is realized.
Further, the cooling and heating system further comprises a molten salt pump 8, and molten salt circulates between the molten salt storage tank 1 and the solar heat collector 2 through the molten salt pump 8.
Further, the cooling and heating system further comprises a first steam supply pipe 15 and a first steam return pipe 16, the steam generator 3, the first steam supply pipe 15, the steam-water heat exchanger 4, the first steam return pipe 16, the steam trap 6 and the steam generator 3 are sequentially communicated and form a passage for steam circulation, fused salt in the fused salt storage tank 1 releases heat to enable the steam generator 3 to generate steam, steam generated by the steam generator 3 enters the steam-water heat exchanger 4 for heat exchange through the first steam supply pipe 15, a first valve 22 is arranged on the first steam supply pipe 15, the steam after heat exchange is converted into condensate water and returns to the steam generator 3 through the first steam return pipe 16, and a second valve 23 is arranged on the first steam return pipe 16.
Further, the cooling and heating system further comprises a first water supply pipe 9 and a first water return pipe 10, the steam-water heat exchanger 4, the first water supply pipe 9, the user 36, the first water return pipe 10 and the steam-water heat exchanger 4 are sequentially communicated to form a passage for hot water circulation, when heat supply is needed for the user 36, hot water subjected to heat exchange in the steam-water heat exchanger 4 is conveyed to the user 36 through the first water supply pipe 9, and the hot water is returned to the steam-water heat exchanger 4 through the first water return pipe 10 after heat exchange at the user 36; preferably, the first water supply pipe 9 is provided with a fourth valve 25; the first water return pipe 10 is provided with a first circulation pump 33. Preferably, a differential pressure filter 14 is provided on the first return pipe 10 between the user 36 and the first circulation pump 33; preferably, a third valve 24 is provided on the first return line 10 between the first circulation pump 33 and the steam-water heat exchanger 4.
Further, the cooling and heating system further comprises a second steam supply pipe 17 and a second steam return pipe 18, the steam generator 3, the second steam supply pipe 17, the lithium bromide refrigeration unit 5, the second steam return pipe 18, the steam trap 6 and the steam generator 3 are sequentially communicated and form another passage for steam circulation, when a user 36 needs to be cooled, the molten salt in the molten salt storage tank 1 releases heat to enable the steam generator 3 to generate steam, the steam generated by the steam generator 3 enters the lithium bromide refrigeration unit 5 through the second steam supply pipe 17 to heat the lithium bromide aqueous solution in the generator, the steam is used as a driving heat source of the lithium bromide refrigeration unit 5 to enable water in the lithium bromide aqueous solution in the steam generator 3 to be vaporized into a high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, the gaseous refrigerant absorbs heat in water flowing through the condenser in the condenser to prepare chilled water, a fifth valve 26 is arranged on the second steam supply pipe 17, steam after heat exchange in the lithium bromide refrigerating unit 5 is converted into condensed water and returns to the steam generator 3 through the second steam return pipe 18, and the second steam return pipe 18 is provided with a sixth valve 27.
Further, the cooling and heating system further comprises a cooling tower 30, a cooling water supply pipe 31 and a cooling water return pipe 32, the cooling tower 30 is communicated with the lithium bromide refrigerating unit 5 through the cooling water supply pipe 31 and the cooling water return pipe 32, cooling water can circulate between the cooling tower 30 and the lithium bromide refrigerating unit 5, the cooling water after heat exchange in the lithium bromide refrigerating unit 5 returns to the cooling tower 30 through the cooling water return pipe 32, a refrigerant evaporated and separated in the lithium bromide refrigerating unit 5 evaporates and absorbs heat in the freezing water, and the generated freezing water can supply cold for a user 36; the cooling water supply pipe 31 is provided with a second circulation pump 34. Preferably, the second water supply pipe 21 is connected to the cooling water supply pipe 31, and the second water supply pipe 21 can supply the cooling water into the cooling water supply pipe 31. Preferably, an eighth valve 29 is provided on the second return pipe 20.
Further, the cooling and heating system further comprises a second water supply pipe 19 and a second water return pipe 20, the second water return pipe 20 is communicated with the first water return pipe 10, the lithium bromide refrigeration unit 5, the second water supply pipe 19, the user 36, the first water return pipe 10, the second water return pipe 20 and the lithium bromide refrigeration unit 5 are sequentially communicated to form a passage for chilled water circulation, when the user 36 needs to be cooled, chilled water refrigerated by the lithium bromide refrigeration unit 5 is conveyed to the user 36 through the second water supply pipe 19, and the chilled water is returned to the lithium bromide refrigeration unit 5 through the first water return pipe 10 and the second water return pipe 20 after heat exchange at the user 36; preferably, a seventh valve 28 is provided on the second water supply pipe 19.
Further, the cooling and heating system further includes a first water replenishing pipe 11, the first water replenishing pipe 11 is communicated with the first water returning pipe 10, the first water returning pipe 10 is communicated with a water replenishing tank 12 through the first water replenishing pipe 11, the water replenishing tank 12 can replenish water into the first water returning pipe 10, and preferably, a constant pressure device 13 is arranged on the first water replenishing pipe 11.
In the invention, the temperatures of hot water, cooling water and chilled water are respectively as follows:
when in heat supply, the temperature of hot water is 60/50 ℃, the hot water after heat exchange in the steam-water heat exchanger 4 is conveyed to a user 36 through a first water supply pipe 9, the temperature of the hot water is 60 ℃ when the hot water enters an air conditioning system of the user 36, namely the water supply temperature of the hot water is 50 ℃ for the return water of the air conditioning system of the user 36; the temperature of the chilled water is 7/12 ℃, the water supply temperature of the chilled water is 7 ℃, and the return water temperature is 12 ℃; the inlet temperature of the cooling water is not higher than 33 ℃.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
the molten salt in the molten salt storage tank 1 is conveyed to the solar heat collector 2 under the action of the molten salt pump 8, the molten salt absorbs solar energy and then returns to the molten salt storage tank 1, and the electric heater 7 is started to heat the molten salt in the molten salt storage tank 1 under the condition that the solar energy is insufficient in night and cloudy days or when the power grid is in a valley electricity period.
During the cooling cycle, the first valve 22, the second valve 23, the third valve 24, and the fourth valve 25 are closed, and the fifth valve 26, the sixth valve 27, the seventh valve 28, and the eighth valve 29 are opened. The fused salt absorbing heat enables the steam generator 3 to generate steam, the steam generated in the steam generator 3 enters the lithium bromide refrigerating unit 5 through the second steam supply pipe 17 and serves as a driving heat source of the lithium bromide refrigerating unit 5, and the steam after heat exchange is changed into condensed water and returns to the steam generator 3 through the steam trap 6 through the second steam return pipe 18; the lithium bromide refrigerating unit 5 produces chilled water under the action of the steam-driven heat source, the chilled water is conveyed to a user 36 through a second water supply pipe 19, and the chilled water after heat exchange of the air conditioning system returns to the lithium bromide refrigerating unit 5 through a first water return pipe 10, a differential pressure filter 14, a first circulating pump 33 and a second water return pipe 20 in sequence to complete cooling circulation.
During the heating cycle, the first valve 22, the second valve 23, the third valve 24 and the fourth valve 25 are opened, and the fifth valve 26, the sixth valve 27, the seventh valve 28 and the eighth valve 29 are closed. The fused salt absorbing heat enables the steam generator 3 to generate steam, the steam generated in the steam generator 3 enters the steam-water heat exchanger 4 through the first steam supply pipe 15, is converted into condensed water after heat exchange in the steam-water heat exchanger 4, and returns to the steam generator 3 through the steam trap 6 through the first steam return pipe 16; the hot water after heat exchange is conveyed to a user 36 through a first water supply pipe 9, and after heat exchange of the air conditioning system, the hot water returns to the steam-water heat exchanger 4 through a first water return pipe 10, a pressure difference filter 14 and a first circulating pump 33 in sequence to complete heat supply circulation.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:
the heat storage type solar combined cooling and heating system can utilize valley electricity heating fused salt at night as a heat source to supply heat for a user 36 in a heating season under the condition that solar energy is insufficient at night; under the condition of sufficient solar energy in the daytime, the solar heat collector 2 is used for collecting solar energy as a heat source to supply heat for the heat user 36, and meanwhile, abundant heat can be stored in the molten salt storage tank 1 and released in the heat consumption peak. In the cooling season, under the condition of insufficient solar energy at night, molten salt is heated at the night valley electricity time period to serve as a driving heat source of the lithium bromide refrigerating unit 5 for cooling the user 36; under the condition of sufficient solar energy in the daytime, the solar heat collector 2 is used for collecting solar energy as a driving heat source to supply cold for the user 36, and meanwhile, abundant heat can be stored in the molten salt tank and released in cold peak. The solar energy heat supply system is used for heat supply in winter and cold supply in summer, the solar energy utilization rate is improved, and the solar energy and the electric heating molten salt heat storage are combined, so that the problem caused by instability of the solar energy can be effectively solved, the solar energy utilization rate is improved, and the efficient utilization of the solar energy is realized; and simultaneously, valley power consumption can be realized, and the purposes of reducing the peak-valley difference of the power grid and enhancing the power transmission capacity of the power grid are achieved.
The invention mainly aims to provide a solar energy combined cooling and heating system, which mainly uses solar energy for heating, can utilize electricity for heating in the valley period, and can provide continuous and stable heat by combining solar energy with electricity for heating, thereby realizing the high-efficiency utilization of solar energy.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A heat storage type solar combined cooling and heating system is characterized in that,
comprises a molten salt storage tank, a solar heat collector, a steam generator and a steam-water heat exchanger, wherein,
the molten salt is stored in the molten salt storage tank,
the solar thermal collector is communicated with the molten salt storage tank through a pipeline, the molten salt can circulate between the solar thermal collector and the molten salt storage tank, the molten salt is conveyed to the molten salt storage tank after the temperature of the molten salt is raised after the solar thermal collector absorbs solar heat, the cooled molten salt can return to the solar thermal collector from the molten salt storage tank,
the steam generator is arranged in the molten salt storage tank, steam generated by the steam generator can supply heat to a user after heat exchange through the steam-water heat exchanger, and the steam after heat exchange is converted into condensed water to return to the steam generator.
2. The heat storage type solar combined cooling and heating system according to claim 1,
the cooling and heating system further comprises a lithium bromide refrigerating unit, steam generated by the steam generator can serve as a driving heat source of the lithium bromide refrigerating unit, and the lithium bromide refrigerating unit can supply cooling for the user.
3. The heat storage type solar combined cooling and heating system according to claim 1,
the cooling and heating system further comprises a steam trap, and the steam after heat exchange is converted into condensed water to return to the steam generator through the steam trap.
4. The heat storage type solar combined cooling and heating system according to claim 1,
the cooling and heating system further comprises an electric heater, the electric heater is located in a heat exchange area inside the molten salt storage tank, and the electric heater is connected with an external power supply.
5. The heat storage type solar combined cooling and heating system according to claim 1,
the cooling and heating system further comprises a molten salt pump, and the molten salt circulates between the molten salt storage tank and the solar thermal collector through the molten salt pump.
6. The heat storage type solar combined cooling and heating system according to claim 2,
hot water subjected to heat exchange in the steam-water heat exchanger is conveyed to the user through a first water supply pipe, and the hot water is subjected to heat exchange at the user and then returns to the steam-water heat exchanger through a first water return pipe;
preferably, a fourth valve is arranged on the first water supply pipe;
and a first circulating pump is arranged on the first water return pipe.
7. The heat storage type solar combined cooling and heating system according to claim 6,
a first water replenishing pipe is communicated with the first water return pipe, the first water return pipe is communicated with a water replenishing tank through the first water replenishing pipe,
preferably, the first water replenishing pipe is provided with a constant pressure device,
preferably, a pressure difference filter is arranged on the first return water pipe between the constant pressure device and the first circulating pump;
preferably, a third valve is arranged on the first water return pipe between the first circulating pump and the steam-water heat exchanger.
8. The heat storage type solar combined cooling and heating system according to claim 1,
the steam generated by the steam generator enters the steam-water heat exchanger for heat exchange through a first steam supply pipe, a first valve is arranged on the first steam supply pipe,
and after heat exchange, the steam is converted into condensed water and returns to the steam generator through a first steam return pipe, and a second valve is arranged on the first steam return pipe.
9. The heat storage type solar combined cooling and heating system according to claim 7,
the steam generated by the steam generator enters the lithium bromide water solution in the heating generator of the lithium bromide refrigerating unit through a second steam supply pipe, a fifth valve is arranged on the second steam supply pipe,
the steam after heat exchange in the lithium bromide refrigerating unit is converted into condensed water and returns to the steam generator through a second steam return pipe, a sixth valve is arranged on the second steam return pipe,
the chilled water refrigerated by the lithium bromide refrigerating unit is conveyed to a user through a second water supply pipe, and the chilled water exchanges heat at the user and returns to the lithium bromide refrigerating unit through a second water return pipe;
preferably, a seventh valve is arranged on the second water supply pipe;
the second water return pipe is communicated with the water replenishing tank sequentially through the first water return pipe and the first water replenishing pipe.
10. The heat storage type solar combined cooling and heating system according to claim 2,
the cooling and heating system further comprises a cooling tower, the cooling tower is communicated with the lithium bromide refrigerating unit, cooling water can circulate between the cooling tower and the lithium bromide refrigerating unit, the cooling tower is communicated with the lithium bromide refrigerating unit through a cooling water supply pipe, and cooling water after heat exchange in the lithium bromide refrigerating unit returns to the cooling tower through the cooling water return pipe;
a second circulating pump is arranged on the cooling water supply pipe,
preferably, a second water replenishing pipe is communicated with the cooling water supply pipe, and an eighth valve is arranged on the second water replenishing pipe.
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