CN112780501A - 一种漂浮式综合发电平台 - Google Patents

一种漂浮式综合发电平台 Download PDF

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CN112780501A
CN112780501A CN202110113590.9A CN202110113590A CN112780501A CN 112780501 A CN112780501 A CN 112780501A CN 202110113590 A CN202110113590 A CN 202110113590A CN 112780501 A CN112780501 A CN 112780501A
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platform
barge
power generation
type foundation
hydraulic spring
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吴宇星
郑准备
张建伟
杨占君
许正斌
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Northwest Electric Power Research Institute of China Datang Corp Science and Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/25Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/008Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations the wind motor being combined with water energy converters, e.g. a water turbine
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02SGENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S10/00PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
    • H02S10/10PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power including a supplementary source of electric power, e.g. hybrid diesel-PV energy systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02SGENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S10/00PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
    • H02S10/10PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power including a supplementary source of electric power, e.g. hybrid diesel-PV energy systems
    • H02S10/12Hybrid wind-PV energy systems
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/4433Floating structures carrying electric power plants
    • B63B2035/4453Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting solar energy into electric energy
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/4433Floating structures carrying electric power plants
    • B63B2035/446Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting wind energy into electric energy
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/4433Floating structures carrying electric power plants
    • B63B2035/4466Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting water energy into electric energy, e.g. from tidal flows, waves or currents
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种漂浮式综合发电平台,包括驳船式基础平台,驳船式基础平台顶部通过液压弹簧阻尼器设置有光伏发电平台,底部通过液压弹簧阻尼器设置有水力发电装置,驳船式基础平台设置有至少4条系泊系统锚链,驳船式基础平台上表面垂直设置有安装风电机的塔筒。本发明一种漂浮式综合发电平台,具有提高海上漂浮式风电机的稳定性、实现风力、光伏、水力一体化综合发电的特点。

Description

一种漂浮式综合发电平台
技术领域
本发明属于海上风电技术领域,具体涉及一种漂浮式综合发电平台。
背景技术
随着新能源的快速发展,漂浮式海上风电机因其拥有更丰富且优质的风资源、不占用土地、风切小、沿海城市输电距离短等优势而受到了越来越多的关注。虽然漂浮式海上风电机相比陆上风电机和固定式海上风电机有着不少的优势,但在深海区域,由于风浪大和其自身漂浮不固定等因素,容易导致振动响应较大,使得漂浮式海上风电机工作不稳定且易发生故障,所以如何有效地减小漂浮式风电机的振动是值得关注的。
鉴于以上漂浮式海上风电机的优势,人们不断探索它的基础结构形式。目前,国内外对其基础结构的研究尚处于初步阶段,基本形式主要包括spar型基础结构、半潜式基础结构、张力腿式基础和驳船式基础结构。其中,驳船式基础结构构造简单,驳船式基础结构较大的水线面的面积矩足以保证整个平台在各种海况条件下不致倾覆,但其缺点是在海浪的作用下垂荡响应较大(竖直方向的振动)。因为驳船式基础结构水线面较大,为了避免浪费空间,所以开发一种综合发电基础也至关重要。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种漂浮式综合发电平台,具有提高海上漂浮式风电机的稳定性、实现风力、光伏、水力一体化综合发电的特点。
本发明所采用的技术方案是一种漂浮式综合发电平台,包括驳船式基础平台,驳船式基础平台顶部通过液压弹簧阻尼器设置有光伏发电平台,底部通过液压弹簧阻尼器设置有水力发电装置,驳船式基础平台设置有至少4条系泊系统锚链,驳船式基础平台上表面垂直设置有安装风电机的塔筒。
本发明的特点还在于:
液压弹簧阻尼器设置有至少4个,每个液压弹簧阻尼器的一端均与光伏发电平台的底部通过螺栓刚性连接,每个液压弹簧阻尼器的另一端均与驳船式基础平台的顶部通过螺栓刚性连接;
液压弹簧阻尼器垂直设置在驳船式基础平台上表面的4个边角处,且均匀分布。
液压弹簧阻尼器设置有至少4个,每个液压弹簧阻尼器的一端均与水力发电装置的顶部通过螺栓刚性连接,每个液压弹簧阻尼器的另一端均与驳船式基础平台的底部通过螺栓刚性连接;
液压弹簧阻尼器垂直设置在驳船式基础平台下表面的4个边角处,且均匀分布。
塔筒底部通过法兰和螺栓固定在驳船式基础平台的上表面。
4条系泊系统锚链的上端分别与驳船式基础平台顶部的4个边角铰接,下端锚固在海床上,4条系泊系统锚链沿驳船式基础平台的周向对称均匀分布。
本发明的有益效果是:
本发明一种漂浮式综合发电平台,驳船式基础平台内部空心用来提供浮力,其较大的水线面的面积矩可以提供足够大的恢复力矩来保证整个结构在各种风浪载荷下不致倾覆;本发明一种漂浮式综合发电平台,驳船式基础平台占水面积大的特点导致其垂荡振动响应较大,而驳船式基础平台与光伏发电平台之间、驳船式基础平台与水力发电装置之间设置的8个液压弹簧阻尼器可以显著降低驳船式海上风电机装置受风荷载及波浪荷载影响时的振动响应,从而让海上风电机在深海域强风强浪的环境中更加稳定的运行,提高了海上风电机的稳定性;本发明一种漂浮式综合发电平台,该驳船式基础平台上方布置光伏发电平台,可以通过该平台占水面积大的特点而充分利用太阳能发电,该驳船式基础平台下方布置水力发电装置,可以通过该区域海浪流动的特点而进行水力发电,实现风力、光伏、水力一体化综合发电;本发明一种漂浮式综合发电平台,水力发电装置的上表面具有垂荡板的作用,可以减小驳船式基础平台和其上方风电机在竖直方向上的振动。
附图说明
图1是本发明一种漂浮式综合发电平台的结构示意图;
图2是本发明一种漂浮式综合发电平台中液压弹簧阻尼器的结构示意图。
图中,1.风电机及塔筒,2.驳船式基础平台,3.水力发电装置,4.光伏发电平台,5.液压弹簧阻尼器,6.系泊系统锚链,7.弹簧,8.阻尼器。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明进行详细说明。
如图1所示,本发明一种漂浮式综合发电平台包括驳船式基础平台2,驳船式基础平台2顶部通过液压弹簧阻尼器5设置有光伏发电平台4,底部通过液压弹簧阻尼器5设置有水力发电装置3,驳船式基础平台2设置有至少4条系泊系统锚链6,驳船式基础平台2上表面垂直设置有安装风电机的塔筒1。驳船式基础平台2内部空心用来提供浮力,其较大的水线面的面积矩提供足够大的恢复力矩来保证整个结构在各种风浪载荷下不至倾覆。
优选地,液压弹簧阻尼器5内设置有弹簧7和阻尼器8,液压弹簧阻尼器5设置有至少4个,每个液压弹簧阻尼器5的一端均与光伏发电平台4的底部通过螺栓刚性连接,每个液压弹簧阻尼器5的另一端均与驳船式基础平台2的顶部通过螺栓刚性连接;液压弹簧阻尼器5垂直设置在驳船式基础平台2上表面的4个边角处,且均匀分布。如图2所示。
优选地,液压弹簧阻尼器5内设置有弹簧7和阻尼器8,液压弹簧阻尼器5设置有至少4个,每个液压弹簧阻尼器5的一端均与水力发电装置3的顶部通过螺栓刚性连接,每个液压弹簧阻尼器5的另一端均与驳船式基础平台2的底部通过螺栓刚性连接;液压弹簧阻尼器5垂直设置在驳船式基础平台2下表面的4个边角处,且均匀分布。水力发电装置3的上表面具有垂荡板的作用,可以减小驳船式基础平台2和其上方风电机在竖直方向上的振动。
本发明的驳船式基础平台上方布置光伏发电平台,可以通过该平台占水面积大的特点而充分利用太阳能发电;驳船式基础平台下方布置水力发电装置,可以通过该区域海浪流动的特点而进行水力发电,实现风力、光伏、水力一体化综合发电。
优选地,塔筒1底部通过法兰和螺栓固定在驳船式基础平台2的上表面。
优选地,4条系泊系统锚链6的上端分别与驳船式基础平台2顶部的4个边角铰接,下端锚固在海床上,4条系泊系统锚链6沿驳船式基础平台2的周向对称均匀分布。
本发明的连接结构不局限于液压弹簧阻尼器,可以用其他形式的弹簧阻尼器或其他连接结构代替,连接结构的位置和连接方式也不局限于上述方式,均可改变。
本发明一种漂浮式综合发电平台,其工作原理在于:
驳船式基础平台占水面积大导致其垂荡振动响应较大,而水力发电装置的上表面具有类似垂荡板的作用,以及驳船式基础平台与光伏发电平台之间、驳船式基础平台与水力发电装置之间设置的液压弹簧阻尼器可以显著降低驳船式基础平台受风荷载及波浪荷载影响时的垂荡振动响应,从而让海上风电机在深海域强风浪的环境中更加稳定的运行,提高了海上风电机的稳定性。本发明的驳船式基础平台上方布置光伏发电平台,可以通过该平台占水面积大的特点而充分利用太阳能发电。其下方布置水力发电装置,可以通过该区域海浪流动的特点而进行水力发电,实现风力、光伏、水力一体化综合发电。
本发明系泊系统锚链的上端与驳船式基础平台顶部的4个边角铰接,下端锚固在海床上,4条系泊系统锚链对称分布在中心基础平台和海床之间,当这种漂浮式综合发电基础受风浪作用发生水平位移时,锚链顶点也随着一起移动从而改变锚链的形态,锚链根据悬链线理论产生抵抗漂浮式综合发电基础发生水平位移的水平恢复力。
本发明一种漂浮式综合发电平台,其优点在于:
(1)本发明的液压弹簧阻尼器可以显著降低驳船式海上风电机装置受风荷载及波浪荷载影响时的振动响应,从而让海上风电机在深海域强风强浪的环境中更加稳定的运行,提高了海上风电机的稳定性。
(2)本发明的驳船式基础平台上方布置光伏发电平台,可以通过该平台占水面积大的特点而充分利用太阳能发电;驳船式基础平台下方布置水力发电装置,可以通过该区域海浪流动的特点而进行水力发电,实现风力、光伏、水力一体化综合发电。
(3)水力发电装置的上表面具有垂荡板的作用,可以减小驳船式基础平台和其上方风电机在竖直方向上的振动。

Claims (5)

1.一种漂浮式综合发电平台,其特征在于,包括驳船式基础平台(2),所述驳船式基础平台(2)顶部通过液压弹簧阻尼器(5)设置有光伏发电平台(4),底部通过液压弹簧阻尼器(5)设置有水力发电装置(3),所述驳船式基础平台(2)设置有至少4条系泊系统锚链(6),所述驳船式基础平台(2)上表面垂直设置有安装风电机的塔筒(1)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种漂浮式综合发电平台,其特征在于,所述液压弹簧阻尼器(5)设置有至少4个,每个所述液压弹簧阻尼器(5)的一端均与光伏发电平台(4)的底部通过螺栓刚性连接,每个所述液压弹簧阻尼器(5)的另一端均与驳船式基础平台(2)的顶部通过螺栓刚性连接;
所述液压弹簧阻尼器(5)垂直设置在驳船式基础平台(2)上表面的4个边角处,且均匀分布。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种漂浮式综合发电平台,其特征在于,所述液压弹簧阻尼器(5)设置有至少4个,每个所述液压弹簧阻尼器(5)的一端均与水力发电装置(3)的顶部通过螺栓刚性连接,每个所述液压弹簧阻尼器(5)的另一端均与驳船式基础平台(2)的底部通过螺栓刚性连接;
所述液压弹簧阻尼器(5)垂直设置在驳船式基础平台(2)下表面的4个边角处,且均匀分布。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种漂浮式综合发电平台,其特征在于,所述塔筒(1)底部通过法兰和螺栓固定在驳船式基础平台(2)的上表面。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种漂浮式综合发电平台,其特征在于,4条所述系泊系统锚链(6)的上端分别与驳船式基础平台(2)顶部的4个边角铰接,下端锚固在海床上,4条所述系泊系统锚链(6)沿驳船式基础平台(2)的周向对称均匀分布。
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