CN112780259A - Method and device for determining well cementation quality and storage medium - Google Patents
Method and device for determining well cementation quality and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application discloses a method, a device and a storage medium for determining well cementation quality, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the following operations are respectively carried out on each depth measuring point: preprocessing the acquired through-casing long-source-distance sound wave full-wave-train logging data at the depth measuring point, and calculating the arrival time from the transmitter to each receiver at the depth measuring point by using the preprocessed through-casing long-source-distance sound wave full-wave-train logging data; calculating the casing wave amplitude corresponding to each receiver when the depth measuring point is reached according to the arrival time from the transmitter to each receiver; correcting the casing wave amplitude corresponding to each receiver, and calculating the array attenuation coefficient corresponding to the depth measurement point by using the m corrected casing wave amplitudes; and determining the well cementation quality according to the array attenuation coefficients corresponding to all the depth measuring points. By the scheme, the well cementation quality can be determined by utilizing the acquired through-casing long-source-distance sound wave full-wave-train logging data.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to the field of well logging, in particular to a method, a device and a storage medium for determining well cementation quality.
Background
In the well logging, the well cementation quality and the interlayer cement packing property are evaluated mainly by using a sound wave method. The well cementation quality measurement technology by the acoustic wave method mainly comprises the technologies of acoustic amplitude, sector cement cementation well logging, ultrasonic imaging and bending lamb wave ultrasonic imaging well logging, and well cementation quality evaluation is carried out by measuring well logging information such as casing wave amplitude, attenuation rate, acoustic impedance of an outer annular medium, bending lamb wave attenuation rate and the like. In some technologies, cable well cementation quality instruments are all measured in a short source distance mode, the most widely used sound amplitude (CBL/VDL) logging instrument measures the amplitude of a casing wave by adopting a 3ft (91.44cm) source distance, and a 5ft (152.4cm) source distance is adopted to measure a stratum waveform to qualitatively evaluate a second interface; the cement bond logging of the sector adopts a wall-attached mode to measure the casing wave attenuation rate of 6 sectors around the well, the attenuation rate measurement interval is increased along with the increase of the inner diameter of the casing, for the casing with the outer diameter smaller than 9.625in (244mm), the short source distance interval is generally 0.65 ft-0.73 ft (namely 19.8 cm-22.3 cm), and the long source distance interval is 1.3 ft-1.46 ft (namely 39.6 cm-44.6 cm). Ultrasonic imaging is measured by using an ultrasonic transducer to transmit high-frequency pulses and receive transmitted echoes; the bending lamb wave ultrasonic imaging logging technology mainly combines a pulse echo technology and an oblique incidence bending lamb wave technology, and measures the attenuation rate of the bending lamb wave with the short source distance of 0.82ft (25cm) and the long source distance of 1.15ft (35 cm). The short-source-distance measuring mode is beneficial to measuring the casing wave amplitude and attenuation and evaluating the casing well cementation quality, but the short-source-distance measuring mode cannot obtain the formation sound wave time difference information.
Disclosure of Invention
The following is a summary of the subject matter described in detail herein. This summary is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.
The invention provides a method and a device for determining well cementation quality, which are used for determining the well cementation quality by using over-casing long-source-distance sound wave full-wave-train well logging data acquired by a cable array sound wave logging instrument.
On one hand, the disclosure provides a method for determining well cementation quality, which is based on the determination of the well cementation quality by using the through-casing long-source-distance sound wave full-wave-train logging data collected by a cable array sound wave logging instrument; wherein the cable array acoustic tool comprises 1 transmitter and a receiver array comprising m receivers; the method comprises the following steps:
and respectively carrying out the following operations on each depth measuring point to obtain an array attenuation coefficient corresponding to the depth measuring point:
preprocessing the acquired through-casing long-source-range acoustic full-wave-train logging data at the depth measurement point, and calculating the arrival time from the transmitter to each receiver at the depth measurement point by using the preprocessed through-casing long-source-range acoustic full-wave-train logging data;
calculating the amplitude of the casing wave corresponding to each receiver when the depth measuring point is located according to the arrival time from the transmitter to each receiver;
correcting the casing wave amplitude corresponding to each receiver, and calculating the array attenuation coefficient corresponding to the depth measurement point by using the m corrected casing wave amplitudes;
and determining the well cementation quality according to the array attenuation coefficients corresponding to all the depth measuring points.
In an exemplary embodiment, the preprocessing the acquired through-casing long-source-range sonic full-wave-train logging data at the depth measurement point, and calculating the arrival time from the transmitter to each receiver at the depth measurement point by using the preprocessed through-casing long-source-range sonic full-wave-train logging data comprises:
the following operations are performed separately for each receiver:
filtering the through-casing long-source-distance sound wave full-wave-train logging data acquired by the receiver at the depth measuring point;
calculating the acoustic slowness of the filtered logging data by adopting a time-slowness correlation method;
the arrival time from the transmitter to the receiver at the depth measurement point is calculated from the calculated acoustic slowness.
In an exemplary embodiment, the calculating the casing wave amplitude corresponding to each receiver at the depth measurement point according to the arrival time of the transmitter to each receiver respectively comprises:
the following operations are performed separately for each receiver:
according to the calculated arrival time from the transmitter to the receiver at the depth measuring point, the sleeve wave amplitude of the corresponding receiver is obtained by adopting a root mean square calculation formula;
wherein the root mean square calculation formula is:
in the above RMS calculation formula, A is the amplitude of the ringing wave at the receiver and AMPiIn order to calculate the amplitude of the casing wave at the ith sample point of the waveform in the time window, N is the total sample point number of the waveform in the time window.
In an exemplary embodiment, the correcting the casing wave amplitude corresponding to each receiver and calculating the array attenuation coefficient corresponding to the depth measurement point by using the m corrected casing wave amplitudes includes:
correcting the casing wave amplitude corresponding to each receiver by using the distance between the transmitter and the receiver to obtain the corrected casing wave amplitude;
and calculating to obtain the array attenuation coefficient by using the m corrected casing wave amplitudes.
In an exemplary embodiment, the modifying the casing wave amplitude corresponding to each receiver by using the distance between the transmitter and the receiver to obtain a modified casing wave amplitude includes:
the amplitude of the casing wave received by the receiver is multiplied by the distance between the transmitter and the receiver to obtain a corrected casing wave amplitude.
In an exemplary embodiment, the calculating the array attenuation coefficient corresponding to the depth measurement point by using the m corrected casing wave amplitudes includes:
aiming at the current measured depth point, calculating to obtain an array attenuation coefficient by using the amplitude of the casing wave corrected by the adjacent receiver and adopting an array attenuation coefficient calculation formula;
wherein, the array attenuation coefficient calculation formula is as follows:
in the above formula, A0(x2) Representing a receiver x2Treating the corrected casing wave amplitude, A0(x1) Representing a receiver x1The corrected casing wave amplitude, alpha represents the attenuation value of the absorption medium between the receiver arrays, namely the array attenuation coefficient, x2-x1Representing a receiver x2And receiver x1C is a parameter related to the amplitude of the sound source.
In an exemplary embodiment, before determining the well cementation quality according to the array attenuation coefficients corresponding to all the depth measurement points, the method comprises:
and obtaining the conventional well cementation quality evaluation standard of the acoustic amplitude logging CBL or the acoustic variable density logging VDL.
In an exemplary embodiment, the determining the quality of the well cementation according to the array attenuation coefficients corresponding to all the depth measurement points comprises:
performing intersection analysis by using an array attenuation coefficient corresponding to each depth measurement point in a target depth range and a conventional well cementation quality curve;
determining an attenuation coefficient evaluation standard of the array attenuation coefficient for evaluating the well cementation quality according to the conventional well cementation quality evaluation standard;
and determining the cementing quality of the depth measurement points according to the determined attenuation coefficient evaluation standard for evaluating the cementing quality and the array attenuation coefficient corresponding to each depth measurement point.
On the other hand, the present disclosure also provides a device for determining cementing quality, comprising: comprises a memory and a processor; the memory is used for storing a program for determining cementing quality, and the processor is used for reading and executing the program for determining cementing quality and executing the method in any one of the above embodiments.
In another aspect, the present disclosure also provides a storage medium having stored therein a program for determining cementing quality, the program being arranged to perform the method of any of the above embodiments when executed.
The embodiment of the application discloses a method, a device and a storage medium for determining well cementation quality, wherein the well cementation quality is determined based on over-casing long-source-distance sound wave full-wave-train logging data acquired by an application cable array sound wave logging instrument; wherein the cable array acoustic tool comprises 1 transmitter and a receiver array comprising m receivers; the method comprises the following steps: and respectively carrying out the following operations on each depth measuring point to obtain the array attenuation coefficient corresponding to the depth measuring point: preprocessing the acquired through-casing long-source-distance acoustic full-wave-train logging data at the depth measurement point, and calculating the wave arrival time from the transmitter to each receiver at the depth measurement point by using the preprocessed through-casing long-source-distance acoustic full-wave-train logging data; calculating the amplitude of the casing wave corresponding to each receiver when the depth measuring point is located according to the arrival time from the transmitter to each receiver; correcting the casing wave amplitude corresponding to each receiver, and calculating the array attenuation coefficient corresponding to the depth measurement point by using the N corrected casing wave amplitudes; and determining the well cementation quality according to the array attenuation coefficients corresponding to all the depth measuring points. By the scheme, the well cementation quality can be determined by utilizing the acquired through-casing long-source-distance sound wave full-wave-train logging data.
Other aspects will be apparent upon reading and understanding the attached drawings and detailed description.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of determining a quality of a fixed well according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of receiver positions in some exemplary embodiments;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method of determining a quality of a consolidated well in some exemplary embodiments;
FIG. 4 is a before and after correction comparison schematic diagram in some exemplary embodiments;
FIG. 5 is a graphical illustration of an attenuation rate and regional CBL data intersection in some exemplary embodiments;
FIG. 6 is a graphical representation of the results of the evaluation of the quality of cementing in some exemplary embodiments;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for determining a quality of a consolidated well according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the features of the embodiments and examples of the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict.
The steps illustrated in the flow charts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Also, while a logical order is shown in the flow diagrams, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in an order different than here.
In some technologies, in cable array acoustic logging, formation acoustic time difference measurement (acoustic velocity measurement) is performed by adopting a mode of a plurality of transmitters and receivers, generally, a long-source-distance mode is adopted for measurement, the distance between the transmitter and the first receiver is about 8-12ft (243.84-365.76cm), the formation acoustic time difference can be obtained in a cased well by the long-source-distance measurement mode, but because the source distance is long, the amplitude attenuation of the casing wave is large, the casing wave amplitude measurement is not beneficial, and the well cementation quality evaluation is performed.
During the production and development of the oil field, a large amount of logging time is saved, a large amount of logging cost is saved for oil companies, meanwhile, the requirement of formation evaluation after casing can be met, the exploration and development cost is reduced, and the method for realizing the comprehensive application of combining casing well acoustic time difference measurement and conventional well cementation quality evaluation is considered.
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a method for determining well cementation quality, which is based on over-casing long-source-distance sound wave full-wave-train well logging data acquired by a cable array sound wave logging instrument to determine the well cementation quality; wherein the cable array acoustic tool comprises 1 transmitter and a receiver array comprising m receivers, as shown in fig. 1, the method comprising:
s100, respectively carrying out the following operations on each depth measuring point to obtain an array attenuation coefficient corresponding to the depth measuring point:
s110, preprocessing the acquired through-casing long-source-range acoustic full-wave-train logging data at the depth measurement point, and calculating the arrival time from the transmitter to each receiver when the preprocessed through-casing long-source-range acoustic full-wave-train logging data are used at the depth measurement point;
s120, calculating the amplitude of the casing wave corresponding to each receiver when the casing wave is at the depth measuring point according to the arrival time from the transmitter to each receiver;
s130, correcting the casing wave amplitude corresponding to each receiver, and calculating an array attenuation coefficient corresponding to the depth measurement point by using the m corrected casing wave amplitudes;
s200, determining the well cementation quality according to the array attenuation coefficients corresponding to all the depth measuring points.
In this embodiment, the over-casing long-source-distance sound collected by the cable array acoustic logging tool is appliedDetermining the well cementation quality according to the wave full wave train logging data; wherein the cable array acoustic tool comprises 1 transmitter and a receiver array comprising m receivers. As shown in the schematic receiver position diagram of FIG. 2, the cable array acoustic tool includes 1 transmitter and contains (X)1、X2......Xm) The receiver arrays of m receivers, depending on the type of instrument, contain different numbers, distances and configurations of receiver arrays.
In this embodiment, an array attenuation coefficient corresponding to each depth measurement point is obtained by calculation, and the well cementation quality is determined according to the array attenuation coefficients corresponding to all the depth measurement points.
In this embodiment, the through-casing long-range sonic full-wave-train logging data collected at the depth measurement point is preprocessed, and the arrival time from the transmitter to each receiver at the depth measurement point is calculated using the preprocessed through-casing long-range sonic full-wave-train logging data.
In an exemplary embodiment, the preprocessing the over casing long source range sonic full-wavetrain logging data collected at the depth measurement point, and calculating the arrival time from the transmitter to each receiver at the depth measurement point using the preprocessed over casing long source range sonic full-wavetrain logging data comprises: the following operations are performed separately for each receiver: filtering the through-casing long-source-distance sound wave full-wave-train logging data acquired by the receiver at the depth measuring point; calculating the acoustic slowness of the filtered logging data by adopting a time-slowness correlation method; the arrival time from the transmitter to the receiver at the depth measurement point is calculated from the calculated acoustic slowness.
In an exemplary embodiment, calculating the casing wave amplitude for each receiver at the depth measurement point based on the arrival time of the transmitter to each receiver respectively comprises: performing the following operations for each receiver respectively: according to the calculated arrival time from the transmitter to the receiver at the depth measuring point, the sleeve wave amplitude of the corresponding receiver is obtained by adopting a root mean square calculation formula;
wherein the root mean square calculation formula is:
in the above RMS calculation formula, A is the amplitude of the ringing wave at the receiver and AMPiIn order to calculate the amplitude of the casing wave at the ith sample point of the waveform in the time window, N is the total sample point number of the waveform in the time window.
In an exemplary embodiment, the correcting the casing wave amplitude corresponding to each receiver and calculating the array attenuation coefficient corresponding to the depth measurement point by using m corrected casing wave amplitudes includes:
correcting the casing wave amplitude corresponding to each receiver by using the distance between the transmitter and the receiver to obtain the corrected casing wave amplitude;
and calculating to obtain the array attenuation coefficient by using the m corrected casing wave amplitudes.
In an exemplary embodiment, the correcting the casing wave amplitude corresponding to each receiver by using the distance between the transmitter and the receiver to obtain the corrected casing wave amplitude includes: the corrected casing wave amplitude is obtained by multiplying the casing wave amplitude received by the receiver by the distance between the transmitter and the receiver.
In an exemplary embodiment, calculating the array attenuation coefficient corresponding to the depth measurement point by using the m corrected casing wave amplitudes includes: aiming at the current measured depth point, calculating to obtain an array attenuation coefficient by using the amplitude of the casing wave corrected by the adjacent receiver and adopting an array attenuation coefficient calculation formula;
wherein, the array attenuation coefficient calculation formula is as follows:
in the above formula，A0(x2) Representing a receiver x2Treating the corrected casing wave amplitude, A0(x1) Representing a receiver x1The corrected casing wave amplitude, alpha represents the attenuation value of the absorption medium between the receiver arrays, namely the array attenuation coefficient, x2-x1Representing a receiver x2And receiver x1C is a parameter related to the amplitude of the sound source.
In step S200, the well cementation quality is determined according to the array attenuation coefficients corresponding to all the depth measurement points.
In this embodiment, a conventional well cementation quality evaluation standard of a sonic amplitude logging CBL or a sonic variable density logging VDL is obtained.
In one exemplary embodiment, determining the solid well quality from the array attenuation coefficients corresponding to all depth measurement points comprises: performing intersection analysis by using an array attenuation coefficient corresponding to each depth measurement point in a target depth range and a conventional well cementation quality curve; determining an attenuation coefficient evaluation standard of the array attenuation coefficient for evaluating the well cementation quality according to a conventional well cementation quality evaluation standard; and determining the cementing quality of the depth measurement points according to the determined attenuation coefficient evaluation standard for evaluating the cementing quality and the array attenuation coefficient corresponding to each depth measurement point.
The embodiment belongs to the field of geophysical acoustic logging, and the method adopts cable long-source-distance array acoustic logging data to measure in a casing well, calculates to obtain a casing wave attenuation curve by utilizing the characteristic of large attenuation of long-source-distance array acoustic waves, and obtains a well cementation quality evaluation standard by combining conventional well cementation quality CBL/VDL logging, thereby realizing quantitative evaluation of well cementation quality.
The above embodiment is described below by way of an example.
The present example provides a method for determining the cementing quality by using the over-casing long-source-range acoustic full-wavetrain logging data collected by the cable array acoustic logging instrument, as shown in fig. 3:
step 1, performing through-casing cable array acoustic logging in a target depth range to obtain through-casing long-source-distance acoustic full-wave-train logging data in the target depth range.
Step 2, preprocessing the acquired through-casing long-source-distance sound wave full-wave-train logging data in the target depth range, restoring a waveform curve, acquiring full-wave-train data of long-source-distance sound waves and filtering; the filtering process can be selected according to requirements, for example, a Gaussian filtering mode can be adopted for filtering process, and logging noises of low frequency and high frequency in a wave train are removed.
And 3, calculating the filtered logging data by adopting a time-slowness correlation (STC) method for each depth measuring point to obtain the acoustic slowness, and then determining the wave arrival time from the transmitter to the receiver of each depth measuring point according to the related parameters of the borehole size, the borehole fluid speed, the instrument size and the like of the measured well and the calculated acoustic slowness.
And 4, calculating the amplitude of the casing wave by adopting a root mean square method according to the arrival time of the transmitter to the receiver at each depth measuring point:
in the above RMS calculation formula, A is the amplitude of the ringing wave at the receiver and AMPiIn order to calculate the amplitude of the casing wave at the ith sample point of the waveform in the time window, N is the total sample point number of the waveform in the time window.
Step 5, correcting the sleeve wave amplitude corresponding to each receiver by using the distance between the transmitter and the receiver to obtain the corrected sleeve wave amplitude;
in this example, the receiving array of the logging tool is composed of m receivers (as shown in fig. 2), and considering the influence of geometric dispersion, the attenuation of the casing wave between the transmitter and the receivers is much higher than that between the receiver arrays, which seriously affects the calculation of the attenuation of the casing wave between the receiver arrays, and equation 2 can be used to perform geometric dispersion correction on the amplitude of the casing wave to eliminate the influence of the attenuation of the casing wave between the transmitter and the receiver; the distance between the transmitter and the receiver is used for multiplying the amplitude of the casing wave received by the receiver to obtain the corrected amplitude of the casing wave:
A0(xi)＝A(xi) X R formula 2
In the above formula for correcting the amplitude, A (x)i) Representing a receiver xiAmplitude of the casing wave before correction, A0(xi) Representing a receiver xiAnd (3) processing the corrected casing wave amplitude, wherein R is the distance between the transmitter and the receiver x.
Step 6, calculating array attenuation coefficients corresponding to the depth measurement points by using the m corrected casing wave amplitudes;
in this example, assuming that all receiver responses in the logging instrument are consistent, at the current depth measurement point location, the acoustic wave is transmitted from receiver x in the absorbing medium1Propagates to receiver x2In the process (as shown in fig. 2), the amplitude of the casing wave corrected by the adjacent receivers is used for calculating by adopting an array attenuation coefficient calculation formula to obtain an array attenuation coefficient;
the method comprises the following steps: receiver x2The calculation formula of the casing wave amplitude is as follows:
calculating the logarithm of the ratio of the amplitudes of the casing waves at the positions of the two receivers under different source distances, and finally obtaining the array attenuation coefficient alpha of the absorption medium between the receiver arrays at the current depth position in a linear fitting mode, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
in the above formula, A0(x2) Representing a receiver x2Treating the corrected casing wave amplitude, A0(x1) Representing a receiver x1The corrected casing wave amplitude, alpha, represents the attenuation value of the absorbing medium between the receiver arrays, i.e. the array attenuation coefficient, x2-x1Representing a receiver x2And receiver x1C is a parameter related to the amplitude of the sound source.
In this example, as shown in fig. 4: (a) the figure is a theoretical waveform diagram of the cement part cementation (in the schematic diagram, the vertical axis represents the receiver source distance, and the horizontal axis represents the waveform sampling time); (b) the graph is (a) a graph of the amplitude (in logarithmic coordinates) of the casing wave on different receivers and the source distance (in the schematic diagram, the vertical axis represents the amplitude, and the horizontal axis represents the source distance of the receivers), wherein the circle point is a fitting curve of the amplitude (in logarithmic coordinates) of the casing wave before geometric diffusion correction and the source distance, and the triangle is a fitting curve of the amplitude (in logarithmic coordinates) of the casing wave after geometric diffusion correction and the source distance; where the source distance is the distance from the transmitter to the receiver. Corresponding attenuation coefficients are obtained according to the fitted curves before and after the geometric correction, as shown in (b) of fig. 4, the array attenuation coefficient before the geometric correction is 0.432, and the array attenuation coefficient after the geometric correction is 0.147, which shows that the array attenuation coefficient after the correction is reduced. As shown in fig. 4: (c) the diagram is an array waveform diagram at a certain depth measurement point of field logging (in the diagram, the vertical axis represents the source distance of a receiver, and the horizontal axis represents the waveform sampling time); (d) the graph is (c) a graph of the amplitude (in logarithmic coordinates) of the casing wave and the source distance of different receivers (in the diagram, the vertical axis represents the amplitude, and the horizontal axis represents the source distance of the receivers), wherein the circle point is a fitted curve of the amplitude (in logarithmic coordinates) of the casing wave and the source distance before geometric diffusion correction, and the triangle is a fitted curve of the amplitude (in logarithmic coordinates) of the casing wave and the source distance after geometric diffusion correction. Corresponding attenuation coefficients are obtained according to the fitted curves before and after the geometric correction, as shown in (d) of fig. 4, the array attenuation coefficient before the geometric correction is 0.632, and the array attenuation coefficient after the geometric correction is 0.392, which shows that the array attenuation coefficient after the correction is reduced.
And 7, respectively executing the steps 2-6 aiming at each depth measuring point, and obtaining an array attenuation curve in a processing depth interval after all measuring points in the target depth range are processed.
And 8, establishing a well cementation quality evaluation standard based on attenuation.
In this example, 8 wells are included in the study block of interest;
firstly, performing acoustic logging through a casing cable array on the 8 wells within a target depth range, and simultaneously performing acoustic amplitude logging CBL/VDL logging;
and secondly, acquiring a conventional well cementation quality evaluation standard of the acoustic amplitude logging CBL or the acoustic variable density logging VDL, wherein the standard well cementation quality evaluation standard comprises the following steps:
when CBL < 15%, cement cementation was good;
cement bond was moderate when 15% < CBL < 30%;
when CBL > 30%, cement cementation was poor.
Thirdly, performing intersection analysis on the array attenuation curve obtained by calculation and a corresponding CBL curve, as shown in FIG. 5, wherein the abscissa in FIG. 5 is a CBL amplitude value (%), and the ordinate is an ATTN attenuation coefficient curve, and performing intersection analysis on 8 well data in a research area to obtain the following intersection analysis results:
when the cement cementation is good (CBL < 15%), the attenuation values are larger and are all larger than 1;
when cement bond conditions are moderate (15% < CBL < 30%), the attenuation value is between 0.3 and 1;
the attenuation values were all less than 0.3 when the cement was poorly cemented (CBL > 30%).
According to the analysis result, the attenuation-based well cementation quality evaluation standard in the research block is determined, and the method comprises the following steps:
when the array attenuation value is more than 1, the cementing quality is good;
when array attenuation is between 0.3 and 1, defined as cementation medium;
when the array attenuation is less than 0.3, the bond quality is poor.
And 9, evaluating the well cementation quality based on the attenuated well cementation quality evaluation standard.
FIG. 6 is a graph of the results of the array sonic well cementation quality evaluation calculated by the present exemplary method, compared with the measurement results of the CBL/VDL sonic amplitude cement bond logging tool. The first trace in FIG. 6 is the GR curve, casing collar curve after casing; the second path is a VDL waveform diagram; the third channel is a depth channel; the fourth path is a full wavetrain waveform curve acquired by the array acoustic wave instrument and a time window used for calculating the amplitude of the casing wave; the fifth is the acoustic amplitude curve measured by the CBL and the acoustic amplitude curve calculated in this example, and the sixth is the array attenuation coefficient curve ATTN calculated by this example and the standard for judging the quality of well cementation. It can be seen from the comparison graph that the acoustic amplitude curve calculated by the example is well matched with the CBL curve, and the corresponding relationship between the calculated attenuation curve and the judgment standard and the CBL acoustic amplitude curve is good, and the detailed comparison is as follows:
2750m-2930m, the CBL sound amplitude is about 20-40%, the array attenuation curve is between 0.3-1, and the well cementation quality is medium;
2930m to 3130m, the CBL sound amplitude is less than 10%, the array attenuation curve is more than 1, and the well cementation quality is good;
3130-;
3150 and 3160m, the CBL sound amplitude is less than 10%, the array attenuation curve is more than 1, and the well cementation quality is good;
3160 and 3200m, the CBL sound amplitude is about 40 percent, the array attenuation curve value is less than 0.3, and the well cementation quality is poor;
3200-3215m, a CBL sound amplitude value less than 10%, an array attenuation curve more than 1, and good well cementation quality;
3215-.
In the embodiment, the cable long-source-distance array acoustic data is used for calculating the casing wave amplitude and the attenuation curve to obtain a quantitative evaluation curve equivalent to the traditional well cementation quality evaluation curve CBL, and during the production and development of an oil field, the long-source-distance array acoustic logging is used for obtaining a stratum time difference curve and simultaneously performing simple quantitative evaluation on the well cementation quality, so that the defects of the traditional short-source-distance well cementation quality logging technology are overcome, the logging cost is saved, and the exploration and development cost is reduced.
The embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a device for determining cementing quality, as shown in fig. 7, including: comprising a memory and a processor; the memory 710 is used for storing a program for determining cementing quality, and the processor 720 is used for reading and executing the program for determining cementing quality and executing the method of any one of the above embodiments.
The disclosed embodiments also provide a storage medium having stored therein a program for determining cementing quality, the program being arranged to perform the method of any of the above embodiments when executed.
It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that all or some of the steps of the methods, systems, functional modules/units in the devices disclosed above may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and suitable combinations thereof. In a hardware implementation, the division between functional modules/units mentioned in the above description does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical components; for example, one physical component may have multiple functions, or one function or step may be performed by several physical components in cooperation. Some or all of the components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a digital signal processor or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application specific integrated circuit. Such software may be distributed on computer readable media, which may include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transitory media). The term computer storage media includes volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data, as is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, Digital Versatile Disks (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store the desired information and which can accessed by a computer. In addition, communication media typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism and includes any information delivery media as known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A method for determining well cementation quality is characterized in that the well cementation quality is determined based on over-casing long-source-range acoustic full-wavetrain logging data acquired by a cable array acoustic logging instrument; wherein the cable array acoustic tool comprises 1 transmitter and a receiver array comprising m receivers; the method comprises the following steps:
and respectively carrying out the following operations on each depth measuring point to obtain the array attenuation coefficient corresponding to the depth measuring point:
preprocessing the acquired through-casing long-source-distance acoustic full-wave-train logging data at the depth measurement point, and calculating the arrival time from the transmitter to each receiver at the depth measurement point by using the preprocessed through-casing long-source-distance acoustic full-wave-train logging data;
calculating the casing wave amplitude corresponding to each receiver when the depth measuring point is reached according to the arrival time from the transmitter to each receiver;
correcting the casing wave amplitude corresponding to each receiver, and calculating the array attenuation coefficient corresponding to the depth measurement point by using the m corrected casing wave amplitudes;
and determining the well cementation quality according to the array attenuation coefficients corresponding to all the depth measuring points.
2. The method of determining the quality of a well cementation as claimed in claim 1 wherein the pre-processing the acquired over-casing long source range sonic full wavetrain log data at the depth measurement point and using the pre-processed over-casing long source range sonic full wavetrain log data to calculate the arrival time from the transmitter to each receiver at the depth measurement point comprises:
the following operations are performed separately for each receiver:
filtering the through-casing long-source-distance sound wave full-wave-train logging data acquired by the receiver at the depth measuring point;
calculating the acoustic slowness of the filtered logging data by adopting a time-slowness correlation method;
the arrival time from the transmitter to the receiver at the depth measurement point is calculated from the calculated acoustic slowness.
3. The method of determining the quality of a cemented well as claimed in claim 2 wherein the calculating of the casing wave amplitude for each receiver at the depth measurement point from the arrival time of the transmitter to each receiver separately comprises:
the following operations are performed separately for each receiver:
according to the calculated arrival time from the transmitter to the receiver at the depth measuring point, the sleeve wave amplitude of the corresponding receiver is obtained by adopting a root mean square calculation formula;
wherein the root mean square calculation formula is:
in the above RMS calculation formula, A is the amplitude of the ringing wave at the receiver and AMPiIn order to calculate the amplitude of the casing wave at the ith sample point of the waveform in the time window, N is the total sample point number of the waveform in the time window.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the correcting the casing wave amplitude corresponding to each receiver and calculating the array attenuation coefficient corresponding to the depth measurement point using the m corrected casing wave amplitudes comprises:
correcting the casing wave amplitude corresponding to each receiver by using the distance between the transmitter and the receiver to obtain the corrected casing wave amplitude;
and calculating to obtain the array attenuation coefficient by using the m corrected casing wave amplitudes.
5. The method for determining the quality of well cementation according to claim 4, wherein the step of correcting the casing wave amplitude corresponding to each receiver by using the distance between the transmitter and the receiver to obtain the corrected casing wave amplitude comprises:
the amplitude of the casing wave received by the receiver is multiplied by the distance between the transmitter and the receiver to obtain a corrected casing wave amplitude.
6. The method for determining the quality of well cementation according to claim 5, wherein the calculating the array attenuation coefficient corresponding to the depth measurement point by using the m corrected casing wave amplitudes comprises:
aiming at the current measured depth point, calculating to obtain an array attenuation coefficient by using the amplitude of the casing wave corrected by the adjacent receiver and adopting an array attenuation coefficient calculation formula;
wherein, the array attenuation coefficient calculation formula is as follows:
in the above formula, A0(x2) Representing a receiver x2Treating the corrected casing wave amplitude, A0(x1) Representing a receiver x1The corrected casing wave amplitude, alpha, represents the attenuation value of the absorbing medium between the receiver arrays, i.e. the array attenuation coefficient, x2-x1Representing a receiver x2And receiver x1C is a parameter related to the amplitude of the sound source.
7. The method of determining the quality of well cementation according to claim 4, wherein prior to determining the quality of well cementation from the array attenuation coefficients corresponding to all depth measurement points, the method comprises:
and acquiring a conventional well cementation quality evaluation standard of the acoustic amplitude logging CBL or the acoustic variable density logging VDL.
8. The method of determining the quality of cementing according to claim 7, wherein said determining the quality of cementing according to said array attenuation coefficients corresponding to all depth measurement points comprises:
performing intersection analysis by using an array attenuation coefficient corresponding to each depth measurement point in a target depth range and a conventional well cementation quality curve;
determining an attenuation coefficient evaluation standard of the array attenuation coefficient for evaluating the well cementation quality according to the conventional well cementation quality evaluation standard;
and determining the cementing quality of the depth measurement points according to the determined attenuation coefficient evaluation standard for evaluating the cementing quality and the array attenuation coefficient corresponding to each depth measurement point.
9. An apparatus for determining the quality of a well cementation, comprising: a memory and a processor; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the memory is used for storing a program for determining cementing quality, and the processor is used for reading and executing the program for determining cementing quality and executing the method for determining cementing quality according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A storage medium, characterized in that the storage medium has stored therein a program for determining the quality of cementing, the program being arranged to perform the method of determining the quality of cementing according to any one of claims 1 to 8 when executed.
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