CN112779486A - Method for improving fatigue performance of magnesium alloy under asymmetric stress working condition - Google Patents
Method for improving fatigue performance of magnesium alloy under asymmetric stress working condition Download PDFInfo
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving the fatigue performance of a magnesium alloy under an asymmetric stress working condition, which comprises the steps of preparing a sample which is easy to clamp by a fatigue testing machine, preloading the sample by adopting a pull-press cyclic stress load lower than a yield limit at the room temperature of 20-30 ℃ by using the fatigue testing machine, carrying out overload treatment on the sample subjected to the primary preloading by adopting the pull-press cyclic stress load higher than the yield limit, carrying out secondary preloading on the sample subjected to the overload treatment by adopting the pull-press cyclic stress load lower than the yield limit, then placing the sample in a pulse electric field, and treating the sample by using pulse current to finish the treatment of the magnesium alloy sample. Based on instantaneous overload, the invention forms residual compressive stress in the magnesium alloy material, counteracts the influence of ratchet effect under the working condition of asymmetric stress, and simultaneously utilizes pulse current to recover and improve the toughness of the material, further refines the crystal grains of the material and improves the fatigue performance of the material under the working condition of asymmetric stress.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of magnesium alloy material performance, and relates to a method for improving the fatigue performance of a magnesium alloy under an asymmetric stress working condition.
Technical Field
In recent years, due to the large number of applications of magnesium alloys in the fields of automobiles, aerospace and the like, researches on how to improve the fatigue properties of magnesium alloys have been receiving wide attention. At present, researches for improving fatigue performance of magnesium alloy focus on grain refinement, surface strengthening and the like in materials, methods such as rare earth element addition, heat treatment, pre-deformation, shot peening strengthening and the like are mainly used, and the researches on fatigue performance and the like under actual working conditions are less.
In actual working conditions, the magnesium alloy part bears the action of asymmetric cyclic stress load, besides fatigue load, the part also bears the influence of ratchet effect caused by average stress, and the fatigue life of the magnesium alloy is obviously reduced along with the accumulation of ratchet strain caused by the average stress. At present, few fatigue researches are carried out on the magnesium alloy under the working condition of asymmetric stress, a shot peening strengthening method is adopted to form a nano layer on the surface of a material, and the influence of ratchet effect on the fatigue performance under the asymmetric stress load is reduced by utilizing the residual compressive stress in the nano layer so as to improve the fatigue performance of the material.
In conclusion, for the improvement of the fatigue performance of the magnesium alloy under the asymmetric stress working condition, how to find an effective, simple and feasible process technical method to improve the fatigue performance of the magnesium alloy under the actual working condition has great significance for the popularization and the application of the magnesium alloy material.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the fatigue performance of the existing magnesium alloy under the actual working condition, in particular to the condition of bearing asymmetric cyclic stress load, the invention provides a method for improving the fatigue performance of the magnesium alloy under the asymmetric stress working condition. The method is based on instantaneous overload, and forms residual compressive stress in the magnesium alloy material to offset the influence of ratchet effect on fatigue performance under the working condition of asymmetric stress load, and on the basis, pulse current is utilized to recover and improve the toughness of the material reduced by the instantaneous overload, and simultaneously, material grains are further effectively refined, and the fatigue performance of the material under the working condition of asymmetric stress is effectively improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for improving the fatigue performance of magnesium alloy under asymmetric stress working condition includes preparing a sample easy to be clamped by a fatigue testing machine from magnesium alloy, pre-loading the sample by a tensile-compression cyclic stress load lower than a yield limit at room temperature of 20-30 ℃ by using the fatigue testing machine, carrying out overload treatment on the sample subjected to the pre-loading by the tensile-compression cyclic stress load higher than the yield limit, carrying out secondary pre-loading on the sample subjected to the overload treatment by the tensile-compression cyclic stress load lower than the yield limit, and then processing the sample by pulse current in a pulse electric field to finish the treatment of the magnesium alloy sample.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the pulse electric field is a square wave pulse electric field; the initial voltage of the pulse electric field is 0, and the peak voltage is 5 kV-15 kV; the pulse duty ratio of the pulse electric field is 0.1-0.25; the electric field frequency of the pulse electric field is 10 Hz-50 Hz.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sample is treated in a pulsed electric field with a pulsed current for 0.5-2 seconds.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the magnesium alloy sample is subjected to primary preloading by using a tensile-compression cyclic stress load lower than the yield limit by using a fatigue testing machine, the loading frequency of the tensile-compression cyclic stress load is 5 Hz-20 Hz, the maximum stress in the tensile-compression cyclic stress load is 5% -10% of the yield limit, the stress ratio is 0, and the cycle number of the primary preloading is 1000-2000 weeks.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the magnesium alloy sample after primary preloading is subjected to overload treatment by using a fatigue testing machine by adopting a tensile-compressive cyclic stress load higher than the yield limit, the loading frequency of the tensile-compressive cyclic stress load is 1 Hz-3 Hz, the maximum stress in the tensile-compressive cyclic stress load is 105% -115% of the yield limit, the stress ratio is 0, and the cycle number of the overload treatment is 1-3 weeks.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the magnesium alloy sample after overload treatment is subjected to secondary preloading by using a fatigue testing machine by adopting a tensile-compressive cyclic stress load lower than the yield limit, the loading frequency of the tensile-compressive cyclic stress load is 5 Hz-20 Hz, the maximum stress in the tensile-compressive cyclic stress load is 10% -20% of the yield limit, the stress ratio is 0, and the cycle frequency of the secondary preloading is 2000-5000 cycles.
In the invention, the magnesium alloy material which is subjected to primary preloading by adopting the pull-press cyclic stress load lower than the yield limit is subjected to instantaneous overload treatment, then the pull-press cyclic stress load lower than the yield limit is subjected to secondary preloading, and then the magnesium alloy material is treated by utilizing pulse current. The invention has the following beneficial effects.
1) The invention utilizes the instantaneous overload method to form residual compressive stress with corresponding degree in the material, can effectively offset the influence of the ratchet effect on the fatigue performance under the working condition of asymmetric stress load, and improves the fatigue performance under the working condition of asymmetric stress of the material.
2) According to the invention, the tension-compression cyclic stress load lower than the yield limit is adopted for preloading before and after instantaneous loading, so that the uniformity of the internal structure of the material can be effectively improved, the residual compressive stress generated by the instantaneous loading is uniformly distributed in the material, the effectiveness of the residual compressive stress on the ratchet effect offset is improved, and the fatigue performance of the material under the working condition of asymmetric stress is effectively enhanced. In addition, the tensile-compression cyclic stress load lower than the yield limit is adopted for preloading, so that the material grains can be effectively refined, and the material fatigue strength can be improved.
3) The magnesium alloy material after instantaneous overload is treated by using the pulse current, so that the toughness of the material reduced by the instantaneous overload can be effectively recovered and improved, the crystal grains of the material can be further refined, and the fatigue performance of the material under the working condition of asymmetric stress can be effectively improved.
4) Compared with the traditional shot peening strengthening process, the method has simple and easy process, can fully and effectively counteract the weakening of the ratchet effect on the fatigue performance, simultaneously can effectively avoid the reduction of the toughness of the material, can fully and effectively refine the grains of the material, effectively improves the fatigue performance of the material under the working condition of asymmetric stress, and has very obvious overall technical and economic advantages.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description.
As shown in FIG. 1, a method for improving the fatigue performance of magnesium alloy under asymmetric stress working conditions comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a magnesium alloy into a sample which is easy to clamp by a fatigue testing machine, performing primary preloading on the sample by using a pull-press cyclic stress load lower than the yield limit at the room temperature of 20-30 ℃ by using the fatigue testing machine, performing overload treatment on the sample subjected to the primary preloading by using the pull-press cyclic stress load higher than the yield limit, performing secondary preloading on the sample subjected to the overload treatment by using the pull-press cyclic stress load lower than the yield limit, and then placing the sample in a pulse electric field to treat the sample by using pulse current to complete the treatment on the magnesium alloy sample. The pulse electric field for processing the magnesium alloy sample is a square wave pulse electric field; the initial pulse voltage of the pulse electric field is 0, and the peak voltage is 5 kV-15 kV; the pulse duty ratio of the pulse electric field is 0.1-0.25; the electric field frequency of the pulse electric field is 10 Hz-50 Hz; and (3) placing the magnesium alloy sample in a pulse electric field, and treating the sample by using pulse current, wherein the treatment time is 0.5-2 seconds.
2) In the step 1), the loading frequency of the primary preloaded tensile-compression cyclic stress load is 5Hz to 20Hz, the maximum stress of the primary preloaded tensile-compression cyclic stress load is 5 percent to 10 percent of the yield limit, the stress ratio is 0, and the cycle frequency of the primary preloading is 1000 to 2000 cycles.
3) In the step 1), the loading frequency of the overload treatment pull-press cyclic stress load is 1Hz to 3Hz, the maximum stress of the overload treatment pull-press cyclic stress load is 105 percent to 115 percent of the yield limit, the stress ratio is 0, and the number of overload treatment cycles is 1 to 3 weeks.
4) In the step 1), the loading frequency of the secondary pre-loaded tensile-compression cyclic stress load is 5Hz to 20Hz, the maximum stress of the secondary pre-loaded tensile-compression cyclic stress load is 10 percent to 20 percent of the yield limit, the stress ratio is 0, and the cycle frequency of the primary pre-loading is 2000 to 5000 cycles.
Based on instantaneous overload, the invention forms residual compressive stress in the magnesium alloy material to offset the influence of ratchet effect on fatigue performance under the working condition of asymmetric stress load, and in addition, the invention adopts a low-stress preloading method to refine material crystal grains and improve the uniformity of internal structure of the material before and after the instantaneous loading, so that the residual compressive stress generated by the instantaneous loading is uniformly distributed in the material, the effectiveness of the material on the offset of the ratchet effect is improved, on the basis, pulse current is utilized to recover and improve the toughness of the material reduced by the instantaneous overload, meanwhile, the material crystal grains are further effectively refined, and the fatigue performance of the material under the working condition of asymmetric stress is effectively improved. The method has simple and easy process and obvious overall technical and economic advantages.
Example 1
A method for improving the fatigue performance of magnesium alloy under the asymmetric stress working condition comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a magnesium alloy into a sample which is easy to clamp by a fatigue testing machine, performing primary preloading on the sample by using a pull-press cyclic stress load lower than the yield limit at the room temperature of 20 ℃, performing overload treatment on the sample subjected to primary preloading by using a pull-press cyclic stress load higher than the yield limit, performing secondary preloading on the sample subjected to overload treatment by using the pull-press cyclic stress load lower than the yield limit, and then placing the sample in a pulse electric field to treat the sample by using pulse current to finish the treatment on the magnesium alloy sample. The pulse electric field for processing the magnesium alloy sample is a square wave pulse electric field; the initial voltage of the pulse electric field is 0, and the peak voltage is 5 kV; the pulse duty ratio of the pulse electric field is 0.1; the electric field frequency of the pulse electric field is 10 Hz; and (3) placing the magnesium alloy sample in a pulse electric field, and treating the sample by using pulse current, wherein the treatment time is 0.5 second.
2) In the step 1), the loading frequency of the once preloaded tension-compression cyclic stress load is 5Hz, the maximum stress of the once preloaded tension-compression cyclic stress load is 5 percent of the yield limit, the stress ratio is 0, and the cycle number of the once preloading is 1000 cycles.
3) In the step 1), the loading frequency of the tensile-compressive cyclic stress load of the overload treatment is 1Hz, the maximum stress of the tensile-compressive cyclic stress load of the overload treatment is 105 percent of the yield limit, the stress ratio is 0, and the cycle number of the overload treatment is 1 week.
4) In the step 1), the loading frequency of the secondary pre-loading tensile-compression cyclic stress load is 5Hz, the maximum stress of the secondary pre-loading tensile-compression cyclic stress load is 10 percent of the yield limit, the stress ratio is 0, and the cycle number of the primary pre-loading is 2000 weeks.
The embodiment is based on instantaneous overload, residual compressive stress is formed in the magnesium alloy material to offset the influence of the ratchet effect on the fatigue performance under the working condition of asymmetric stress load, and simultaneously, a low-stress preloading method is adopted to refine material grains and improve the uniformity of internal tissues of the material before and after the instantaneous overload, so that on the basis, pulse current is utilized to recover and improve the toughness of the material reduced due to the instantaneous overload, the material grains are further effectively refined, and the fatigue performance of the material under the working condition of asymmetric stress is effectively improved. The method is simple and easy to implement, and has obvious advantages of the whole technology and the economy.
Example 2
A method for improving the fatigue performance of magnesium alloy under the asymmetric stress working condition comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a magnesium alloy into a sample which is easy to clamp by a fatigue testing machine, performing primary preloading on the sample at room temperature and 25 ℃ by using a tensile-compression cyclic stress load lower than the yield limit by using the fatigue testing machine, performing overload treatment on the sample subjected to the primary preloading by using a tensile-compression cyclic stress load higher than the yield limit, performing secondary preloading on the sample subjected to the overload treatment by using the tensile-compression cyclic stress load lower than the yield limit, then placing the sample in a pulse electric field, and treating the sample by using pulse current to complete the treatment on the magnesium alloy sample. The pulse electric field for processing the magnesium alloy sample is a square wave pulse electric field; the initial voltage of the pulse electric field is 0, and the peak voltage is 10 kV; the pulse duty ratio of the pulse electric field is 0.2; the electric field frequency of the pulse electric field is 30 Hz; and (3) placing the magnesium alloy sample in a pulse electric field, and treating the sample by using pulse current, wherein the treatment time is 1 second.
2) In the step 1), the loading frequency of the primary preloaded tensile-compression cyclic stress load is 15Hz, the maximum stress of the primary preloaded tensile-compression cyclic stress load is 7.5 percent of the yield limit, the stress ratio is 0, and the cycle number of the primary preloading is 1500 weeks.
3) In the step 1), the loading frequency of the tensile-compressive cyclic stress load of the overload treatment is 2Hz, the maximum stress of the tensile-compressive cyclic stress load of the overload treatment is 110 percent of the yield limit, the stress ratio is 0, and the cycle number of the overload treatment is 2 weeks.
4) In the step 1), the loading frequency of the tensile-compressive cyclic stress load of the secondary preloading is 15Hz, the maximum stress of the tensile-compressive cyclic stress load of the secondary preloading is 15 percent of the yield limit, the stress ratio is 0, and the cycle number of the primary preloading is 3500 cycles.
The embodiment is based on instantaneous overload, residual compressive stress is formed in the magnesium alloy material to offset the influence of the ratchet effect on the fatigue performance under the working condition of asymmetric stress load, and simultaneously, a low-stress preloading method is adopted to refine material grains and improve the uniformity of internal tissues of the material before and after the instantaneous overload, so that on the basis, pulse current is utilized to recover and improve the toughness of the material reduced due to the instantaneous overload, the material grains are further effectively refined, and the fatigue performance of the material under the working condition of asymmetric stress is effectively improved. The method is simple and easy to implement, and has obvious advantages of the whole technology and the economy.
Example 3
A method for improving the fatigue performance of magnesium alloy under the asymmetric stress working condition comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a magnesium alloy into a sample which is easy to clamp by a fatigue testing machine, performing primary preloading on the sample by using a pull-press cyclic stress load lower than the yield limit at the room temperature of 30 ℃, performing overload treatment on the sample subjected to primary preloading by using a pull-press cyclic stress load higher than the yield limit, performing secondary preloading on the sample subjected to overload treatment by using the pull-press cyclic stress load lower than the yield limit, and then placing the sample in a pulse electric field to treat the sample by using pulse current to finish the treatment on the magnesium alloy sample. The pulse electric field for processing the magnesium alloy sample is a square wave pulse electric field; the initial voltage of the pulse electric field is 0, and the peak voltage is 15 kV; the pulse duty ratio of the pulse electric field is 0.25; the electric field frequency of the pulse electric field is 50 Hz; and (3) placing the magnesium alloy sample in a pulse electric field, and treating the sample by using pulse current, wherein the treatment time is 2 seconds.
2) In the step 1), the loading frequency of the once preloaded tensile-compression cyclic stress load is 20Hz, the maximum stress of the once preloaded tensile-compression cyclic stress load is 10 percent of the yield limit, the stress ratio is 0, and the cycle number of the once preloading is 2000 weeks.
3) In the step 1), the loading frequency of the overload treatment pull-press cyclic stress load is 3Hz, the maximum stress of the overload treatment pull-press cyclic stress load is 115% of the yield limit, the stress ratio is 0, and the number of overload treatment cycles is 3 weeks.
4) In the step 1), the loading frequency of the secondary pre-loading tensile-compression cyclic stress load is 20Hz, the maximum stress of the secondary pre-loading tensile-compression cyclic stress load is 20 percent of the yield limit, the stress ratio is 0, and the cycle number of the primary pre-loading is 5000 cycles.
The embodiment is based on instantaneous overload, residual compressive stress is formed in the magnesium alloy material to offset the influence of the ratchet effect on the fatigue performance under the working condition of asymmetric stress load, and simultaneously, a low-stress preloading method is adopted to refine material grains and improve the uniformity of internal tissues of the material before and after the instantaneous overload, so that on the basis, pulse current is utilized to recover and improve the toughness of the material reduced due to the instantaneous overload, the material grains are further effectively refined, and the fatigue performance of the material under the working condition of asymmetric stress is effectively improved. The method is simple and easy to implement, and has obvious advantages of the whole technology and the economy.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The method is characterized in that a magnesium alloy is prepared into a sample which is easy to clamp by a fatigue testing machine, the sample is subjected to primary preloading by the fatigue testing machine at the room temperature of 20-30 ℃ by adopting a pull-press cyclic stress load lower than the yield limit, the sample subjected to primary preloading is subjected to overload processing by adopting a pull-press cyclic stress load higher than the yield limit, the sample subjected to overload processing is subjected to secondary preloading by adopting a pull-press cyclic stress load lower than the yield limit, and then the sample is placed in a pulse electric field and is processed by using pulse current, so that the processing of the magnesium alloy sample is completed.
2. The method for improving the fatigue performance of the magnesium alloy under the asymmetric stress working condition according to claim 1, wherein the pulse electric field is a square wave pulse electric field; the initial voltage of the pulse electric field is 0, and the peak voltage is 5 kV-15 kV; the pulse duty ratio of the pulse electric field is 0.1-0.25; the electric field frequency of the pulse electric field is 10 Hz-50 Hz.
3. The method for improving the fatigue performance of the magnesium alloy under the asymmetric stress working condition according to claim 1, wherein the sample is placed in a pulsed electric field and is treated by using a pulse current, and the treatment time is 0.5-2 seconds.
4. The method for improving the fatigue performance of the magnesium alloy under the asymmetric stress working condition according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the method is characterized in that a fatigue testing machine is used for carrying out primary preloading on a magnesium alloy sample by adopting a tensile-compression cyclic stress load lower than the yield limit, the loading frequency of the tensile-compression cyclic stress load is 5 Hz-20 Hz, the maximum stress in the tensile-compression cyclic stress load is 5% -10% of the yield limit, the stress ratio is 0, and the cycle frequency of the primary preloading is 1000-2000 weeks.
5. The method for improving the fatigue performance of the magnesium alloy under the asymmetric stress working condition according to claim 1, wherein the magnesium alloy sample subjected to primary preloading is subjected to overload treatment by using a fatigue testing machine by adopting a tensile-compressive cyclic stress load higher than a yield limit, the loading frequency of the tensile-compressive cyclic stress load is 1Hz to 3Hz, the maximum stress in the tensile-compressive cyclic stress load is 105 to 115 percent of the yield limit, the stress ratio is 0, and the number of cycles of the overload treatment is 1 to 3 weeks.
6. The method for improving the fatigue performance of the magnesium alloy under the asymmetric stress working condition according to claim 1, wherein the magnesium alloy sample subjected to overload treatment is subjected to secondary preloading by using a fatigue testing machine by adopting a tensile-compressive cyclic stress load lower than the yield limit, the loading frequency of the tensile-compressive cyclic stress load is 5Hz to 20Hz, the maximum stress in the tensile-compressive cyclic stress load is 10 to 20 percent of the yield limit, the stress ratio is 0, and the cycle number of the secondary preloading is 2000 to 5000 cycles.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113339689A (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2021-09-03 | 重庆工商大学 | Method for improving fatigue performance of dry-type thin oil sealed gas cabinet body |
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| CN105112827A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2015-12-02 | 重庆大学 | Method for refining crystalline grains of wrought magnesium alloy at room temperature |
| CN107130196A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-09-05 | 重庆工商大学 | A kind of new method for improving magnesium alloy lubricating oil operating mode fatigue behaviour |
| CN111411314A (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2020-07-14 | 重庆工商大学 | Method for improving fatigue property of magnesium alloy |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105112827A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2015-12-02 | 重庆大学 | Method for refining crystalline grains of wrought magnesium alloy at room temperature |
| CN107130196A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-09-05 | 重庆工商大学 | A kind of new method for improving magnesium alloy lubricating oil operating mode fatigue behaviour |
| CN111411314A (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2020-07-14 | 重庆工商大学 | Method for improving fatigue property of magnesium alloy |
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| CN113339689A (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2021-09-03 | 重庆工商大学 | Method for improving fatigue performance of dry-type thin oil sealed gas cabinet body |
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