CN112775171A - Method for washing and desorbing heavy metal in viscous soil - Google Patents
Method for washing and desorbing heavy metal in viscous soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN112775171A CN112775171A CN202011375217.2A CN202011375217A CN112775171A CN 112775171 A CN112775171 A CN 112775171A CN 202011375217 A CN202011375217 A CN 202011375217A CN 112775171 A CN112775171 A CN 112775171A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/02—Extraction using liquids, e.g. washing, leaching, flotation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for washing and desorbing heavy metal in viscous soil, which comprises the following steps: preparing polluted soil needing leaching and screening, screening the soil by using an ALLU hopper, scrubbing the polluted soil screened by the ALLU hopper, primarily screening the scrubbed polluted soil, screening the soil into three particle sizes of more than 10mm, 2-10mm and less than 2mm, detecting the soil with the particle sizes of more than 10mm and 2-10mm, conveying the soil with the particle size of less than 2mm to a stirring tank, soaking and stirring, screening the soaked and uniformly stirred soil again, and screening the soil into four particle sizes of 2mm-250um, 75-250um, 35-75um and less than 35 um; detecting the soil with the grain diameter screened again, enabling qualified products to enter a clean soil temporary storage warehouse, and enabling unqualified products to be repeatedly stirred and soaked; the pressure filtration treatment is carried out on the soil with the grain diameter of less than 35um, and the tail soil is entrusted to a qualification unit for disposal. The method can effectively treat heavy metal contaminated soil with partial viscosity, effectively purify the heavy metal in the soil, and is an ideal 'reduction' treatment mode for treating the contaminated soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil remediation, in particular to a method for washing and desorbing heavy metals in cohesive soil.
Background
Under the production environment of the seventies to the ninety in the last century, the enterprise scale is small, the process is relatively laggard, the environment treatment facility is not in place, the serious pollution of the soil, especially heavy metal pollution, is caused by the improper treatment of a large amount of waste residues and waste liquid, the heavy metal polluted soil attracts more and more attention at present and is one of key attention objects in the soil remediation process, the soil leaching technology is an efficient and rapid method for treating the heavy metal polluted soil, the leaching process of the heavy metal polluted soil is to gradually screen and clean soil particles with large particle size, and finally, heavy metals are enriched in the small particle soil so as to achieve the remediation goal of reducing the polluted soil.
For the soil of construction land in south Jiangsu area, most soil is the miscellaneous fill polluted by the surface layer, the source is complex, and has certain clay possibility, for the polluted soil with deeper soil layer depth, the polluted soil has higher possibility of powder adhesion or clay, because the soil is slightly viscous, the clay content is high, and the heavy metal ion has stronger adsorbability, the clay is difficult to be completely removed, in the existing leaching technology, when the clay content is more than 25% -30%, the purpose of effectively reducing the polluted soil is difficult to be achieved, firstly, the clay content is high, the leached tail soil clay content is increased, the polluted soil is not favorable for reducing the polluted soil, secondly, the clay soil is easy to agglomerate and adhere, and is easy to adhere to a leaching sieve in the disposal process or adhere to the leaching sieve in the pretreatment process, so that the equipment cannot normally operate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and designs a method for washing and desorbing heavy metals in the viscous soil.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the method for washing and desorbing the heavy metal in the viscous soil comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing polluted soil needing leaching and screening;
step two: screening the soil by using an ALLU bucket to remove large-particle-size stones;
step three: scrubbing the polluted soil screened by the ALLU bucket;
step four: screening the cleaned polluted soil for the first time, screening the soil into three particle sizes of more than 10mm, 2-10mm and less than 2mm, detecting the soil with the particle sizes of more than 10mm and 2-10mm, enabling qualified products to enter a clean soil temporary storage warehouse, and repeatedly cleaning unqualified products;
step five: conveying the soil and the slurry with the thickness of 2mm to a stirring tank through a conveying belt, soaking and stirring, and designing three-stage to six-stage stirring according to the concrete condition of the soil;
step six: sieving the soil after soaking and stirring uniformly again, and sieving the soil into four particle sizes of 2mm-250um, 75-250um, 35-75um and <35 um;
step seven: detecting the soil with the particle sizes of 2mm-250um, 75-250um and 35-75um formed after secondary screening, enabling qualified products to enter a clean soil temporary storage warehouse, and enabling unqualified products to be repeatedly stirred and soaked;
step eight: the pressure filtration treatment is carried out on the soil with the grain diameter of less than 35um, and the tail soil is entrusted to a qualification unit for disposal.
As a further description of the present invention, in the first step, the prepared contaminated soil is from a construction site, and after being excavated from the site by an excavator, the contaminated soil is transported to a soil pretreatment site and stacked.
As a further description of the present invention, in the second step, the ALLU bucket is mounted on a matching excavator, and the large-sized stone is removed by screening using the ALLU bucket.
As a further description of the invention, in the third step, the contaminated soil screened by the ALLU hopper is conveyed to a soil scrubbing machine by a scraper conveyor belt, and leacheate is added into the soil scrubbing machine, wherein the soil-water ratio of the soil and the leacheate is adjusted according to the soil property, the clay soil-water ratio is generally 1:3-1:5, the soil scrubbing machine comprises an equipment main frame, mounting plates are arranged at two ends of the equipment main frame, a soil scattering device is arranged between the two mounting plates, the soil scattering device comprises a roller arranged between the two mounting plates, a supporting mechanism is arranged on the equipment main frame and positioned outside the roller, a feeding device is arranged on one mounting plate, a discharging hopper is arranged outside the other mounting plate, and a soil conveying device is arranged at the bottom of the discharging hopper.
As a further description of the invention, in the fourth step, the scrubbed soil is conveyed to a two-stage soil leaching sieve by using a spiral conveyer belt for primary screening, the soil is sieved into three particle sizes of >10mm, 2-10mm and 0.25-2mm in the process, after natural air drying, the soil is detected to be clean soil by the particle sizes of >10mm and 2-10mm, if the soil is unqualified, the soil enters a soil scrubbing machine again for scrubbing, and the soil with the particle size of <2mm needs to enter the soil scrubbing machine again for repeated disposal.
As a further description of the present invention, in the fifth step, the <2mm soil and slurry are transferred to three-stage to six-stage agitator tanks, and in the process, the eluent is automatically added to each stage of agitator tank according to the soil property and the heavy metal desorption degree, and the soil is soaked in the eluent and sufficiently stirred with the eluent.
As a further description of the invention, in the sixth step, after the soil is stirred and mixed uniformly with the washing machine, the soil is sieved again, in the process, the soil with the particle size of less than 2mm is sieved again into the soil with the particle sizes of 0.25-2mm, 75-250um, 35-75um and <35um by using the hydrocyclone, and the <35um is the tail soil rich in heavy metals.
As a further description of the invention, in the seventh step, soil with particle sizes of 0.25-2mm, 75-250um and 35-75um is detected, qualified soil is clean soil, the soil enters a temporary storage warehouse for storage, unqualified soil needs to be soaked and stirred again, the previous process is repeated, the soil which is still unqualified is treated as tailing soil together after being soaked and stirred for 3 times.
As a further description of the invention, in step eight, the mud containing <35um soil is filter-pressed, and the tail soil is entrusted with the disposal of qualification unit.
As a further description of the present invention, a power transmission rack is disposed on the drum, a power motor is disposed on the main frame, a driving gear is disposed at an output end of the power motor, the driving gear is engaged with the power transmission rack, a plurality of groups of stirring blades arranged regularly are disposed inside the drum, mounting directions of the stirring blades between two adjacent groups are opposite, an auxiliary shaft is disposed at a central position inside the drum, and a plurality of auxiliary blades distributed at equal intervals are mounted on the auxiliary shaft.
The method has the advantages that the contaminated soil is primarily screened by an ALLU bucket to remove large-particle-size stones, the screened soil is conveyed to a soil scrubbing machine by a scraper conveyor belt, meanwhile, the eluent is added, the water-soil ratio of the eluent to the soil is adjusted, the soaking time of the soil in the eluent is prolonged, the soil is scattered, the soil with the particle size of more than 35 mu m and most of clay is cleaned to achieve a repairing target value through a multi-stage screening system to become clean soil, the method can effectively treat the heavy metal contaminated soil with partial viscosity, the heavy metal in the soil is effectively purified, and the method is an ideal 'reduction' treatment mode for treating the contaminated soil.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the soil elution system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an overall block diagram of the soil scrubbing machine of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the drum of the soil scrubbing machine of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, an equipment main frame; 2. mounting a plate; 3. a soil breaking device; 4. a support mechanism; 5. a feeding device; 6. a discharging hopper; 7. a soil delivery device; 8. a barrier strip; 9. a power transmission rack; 10. a power motor; 11. a driving gear; 12. a drum; 13. a stirring blade; 14. an auxiliary shaft; 15. an auxiliary blade.
Detailed Description
Firstly, the invention is designed originally, for the soil of construction land, most of the soil is the mixed filling soil polluted by the surface layer, the source is complex, the soil has certain clay possibility, for the polluted soil with deeper soil layer, the soil has higher possibility of powder adhesion or clay, the soil is difficult to completely remove due to partial viscosity, high clay content and strong adsorbability to heavy metal ions, and in the traditional leaching technology, when the clay content of the soil is more than 25% -30%, the aim of effectively reducing the polluted soil is difficult to achieve, therefore, the invention designs the method suitable for heavy metal washing and desorption of the partial viscosity soil.
The invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and as shown in fig. 1, a method for heavy metal washing and desorption of sticky soil comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the prepared polluted soil comes from construction land, is excavated from the original site by an excavator, is transported to a soil pretreatment position and is stacked.
Step two: the ALLU bucket is used for screening the soil to remove large-particle-size stones, and the screened large-particle-size stones are clean and can be reused as building aggregate.
Step three: scrubbing the polluted soil screened by the ALLU bucket, in the step, conveying the polluted soil screened by the ALLU bucket to a soil scrubbing machine by using a scraper conveyer belt, and adding an leacheate into the soil scrubbing machine, wherein the soil-water ratio of the soil and the leacheate is adjusted according to the soil property, the soil-water ratio of clay is generally between 1:3 and 1:5, the soil scrubbing machine applied in the step is intelligent multi-process synchronous working equipment, the soil scrubbing machine is specifically described below, as shown in figures 2 and 3, the soil scrubbing machine comprises an equipment main frame 1, in order to scatter the soil, a soil scattering device 3 is installed on the equipment main frame 1 for the convenience of installing the soil scattering device 3, mounting plates 2 are arranged on the equipment main frame 1 and positioned at two ends of the soil scattering device 3, in order to ensure the stability of the soil scattering device 3 in the working process, the supporting mechanism 4 is arranged on the main frame 1 and located outside the soil scattering device 3, in the using process, in order to provide power for the soil scattering device 3, a power motor 10 is needed, a driving gear 11 is installed at the output end of the power motor 10, a power transmission rack 9 is installed on the outer side of the soil scattering device 3, and the driving gear 11 is meshed with the power transmission rack 9.
In order to realize breaking up soil more evenly, it improves current soil breaking up device 3, the concrete structure of soil breaking up device 3 will be specifically explained below, including cylinder 12, power transmission rack 9 is installed in the outside of cylinder 12, be provided with the stirring vane 13 that the multiunit is certain law and distributes in cylinder 12, every stirring vane 13 of group is provided with 8, and the installation opposite direction of the stirring vane 13 between adjacent two sets of, put at the inside central point of cylinder 12 in addition and install auxiliary shaft 14, install a plurality of on the auxiliary shaft 14 and be equidistant distribution's auxiliary blade 15, this mode sets up stirring vane 13, the effectual prior art of having solved can't break up soil evenly problem.
In order to facilitate carrying soil to cylinder 12, be provided with feed arrangement 5 on one of them mounting panel 2, in order to facilitate discharging the soil of breaing up, be provided with ejection of compact funnel 6 in 2 outsides of another mounting panel, be provided with soil conveyor 7 in ejection of compact funnel 6 lower parts, install on this soil conveyor 7's the conveyer belt that a plurality of is the strip 8 that blocks that equidistant setting, through blocking strip 8, the frictional force of soil with the conveyer belt has been increased, the conveying efficiency of the soil of breaing up has been improved.
Step four: and (2) carrying out primary screening on the cleaned polluted soil, wherein the cleaned soil is conveyed to a two-stage soil leaching sieve by using a spiral conveyer belt for primary screening, the soil is sieved into three particle sizes of more than 10mm, 2-10mm and less than 2mm in the process, the soil is detected to be qualified clean soil of more than 10mm and 2-10mm after natural air drying, if the soil is unqualified, the soil enters a soil scrubbing machine again for scrubbing, the previous step is repeated, and the soil with the particle size of less than 2mm is unqualified and needs to enter the soil scrubbing machine again for repeated disposal.
Step five: transferring the soil with the particle size of 2mm to a third-level to a sixth-level stirring tank, automatically adding an eluent according to the soil property and the heavy metal desorption degree in each level of stirring tank in the process, soaking the soil in the eluent and fully stirring the soil with the eluent, screening the soil again after the stirring and uniformly mixing are finished, screening the soil with the particle size of 0.25-2mm, 75-250um, 35-75um and 35um by using a hydrocyclone in the process, and screening the soil with the particle size of 2mm into the soil with the particle size of 0.25-2mm, 75-250um, 35-75um and 35um, wherein the soil with the particle size of 35.
Step six: and (3) screening the soaked and stirred soil again, after the soil is uniformly stirred with the leaching machine, screening the soil again, and screening the soil with the particle size of less than 2mm into soil with the particle size of 0.25-2mm, 75-250um, 35-75um and less than 35um by using a hydrocyclone in the process, wherein the particle size of less than 35um is tail soil enriched with heavy metals.
Step seven: and detecting the soil with the grain diameters of 0.25-2mm, 75-250um and 35-75um, wherein the qualified soil is clean soil, the qualified soil is stored in a temporary storage warehouse, the unqualified soil needs to be soaked and stirred again, the previous process is repeated, the unqualified soil is still obtained after the soaking and stirring are repeated for 3 times, and the unqualified soil is treated together as tailings.
Step eight: and (3) carrying out filter pressing on the mud containing the soil with the particle size of less than 35um, and entrusting the tail soil to be treated by a qualification unit.
The soil with the grain diameter of more than 35um and most of the clay is cleaned to reach the target repairing value through the steps, and the clean soil is formed. The method can effectively treat heavy metal contaminated soil with partial viscosity, effectively purify the heavy metal in the soil, and is an ideal 'reduction' treatment mode for treating the contaminated soil.
The following are experimental data for soil remediation:
collecting certain polluted soil in Suzhou region, filling the collected soil into a freshness protection package, sealing, storing at a low temperature of 4 ℃, taking out the soil before testing, manually removing impurities such as stones, weighing 70g of the soil, adding into a conical flask, then adding 140g of an eluting agent, wherein the main component of the eluting agent is citric acid, manually and fully stirring for 5min by using a wave bar, uniformly stirring, then, carrying out 175 r/min on the soil at room temperature, shaking for 15min, then, respectively sieving the shaken soil with a 10-mesh sieve, a 200-mesh sieve and a 400-mesh sieve, and sampling to detect the heavy metal residue value of the soil, wherein the result is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 heavy Metal concentration (mg/kg) of soil after washing with EDTA eluting agent
| Heavy metals | Original soil | >10 mesh soil | >200 mesh soil | >400 mesh soil | Tail soil |
| Ni | 63.8 | 51.6 | 22.3 | 19.4 | 49.6 |
| Cr | 68.3 | 58.3 | 26.1 | 26.6 | 76.4 |
| Pb | 15.9 | 17.4 | 9.2 | 9.1 | 13.8 |
| Cu | 38.2 | 37.6 | 13.2 | 10.0 | 31.9 |
| As | 8.9 | 8.5 | 3.83 | 2.8 | 7.9 |
| Cd | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.02 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Through the processing steps provided by the invention, the heavy metal washing and desorption of the viscous soil are carried out, the contaminated soil containing the heavy metal is effectively treated, the heavy metal in the soil can be efficiently washed and screened out, and the pollution problem of the soil is effectively improved.
The technical solutions described above only represent the preferred technical solutions of the present invention, and some possible modifications to some parts of the technical solutions by those skilled in the art all represent the principles of the present invention, and fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for washing and desorbing the heavy metal in the viscous soil is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing polluted soil needing leaching and screening;
step two: screening the soil by using an ALLU bucket to remove large-particle-size stones;
step three: scrubbing the polluted soil screened by the ALLU bucket;
step four: screening the cleaned polluted soil for the first time, screening the soil into three particle sizes of more than 10mm, 2-10mm and less than 2mm, detecting the soil with the particle sizes of more than 10mm and 2-10mm, enabling qualified products to enter a clean soil temporary storage warehouse, and repeatedly cleaning unqualified products;
step five: conveying the soil and the slurry with the thickness of 2mm to a stirring tank through a conveying belt, soaking and stirring, and designing three-stage to six-stage stirring according to the concrete condition of the soil;
step six: sieving the soil after soaking and stirring uniformly again, and sieving the soil into four particle sizes of 2mm-250um, 75-250um, 35-75um and <35 um;
step seven: detecting the soil with the particle sizes of 2mm-250um, 75-250um and 35-75um formed after secondary screening, enabling qualified products to enter a clean soil temporary storage warehouse, and enabling unqualified products to be repeatedly stirred and soaked;
step eight: the pressure filtration treatment is carried out on the soil with the grain diameter of less than 35um, and the tail soil is entrusted to a qualification unit for disposal.
2. The method for heavy metal washing and desorption of the sticky soil according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the prepared polluted soil is from a construction land, and the polluted soil is excavated from the original site by an excavator, transported to a soil pretreatment position and stacked.
3. The method for heavy metal washing and desorption of the viscous soil according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the ALLU bucket is installed on a matched excavator, and large-size stone blocks are removed by screening through the ALLU bucket.
4. The method for heavy metal washing and desorption of viscous soil according to claim 1, characterized in that in the third step, the polluted soil screened by the ALLU bucket is conveyed to a soil scrubbing machine by a scraper conveyer belt, and leacheate is added into the soil scrubbing machine, wherein the soil-water ratio of soil and leacheate is adjusted according to soil properties, the clay soil-water ratio is generally between 1:3 and 1:5, the soil scrubbing machine comprises an equipment main frame (1), mounting plates (2) are arranged at two ends of the equipment main frame (1), a soil scattering device (3) is arranged between the two mounting plates (2), the soil scattering device (3) comprises a roller (12) arranged between the two supporting plates, a supporting mechanism (4) is arranged on the equipment main frame (1) and positioned outside the roller (12), a feeding device (5) is arranged on one of the mounting plates (2), and a discharging hopper (6) is arranged on the outer side of the other mounting plate (2), and a soil conveying device (7) is further arranged at the bottom of the discharging hopper (6).
5. The method for washing and desorbing heavy metals in cohesive soil according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the washed soil is conveyed to a two-stage soil washing sieve by using a spiral conveyer belt for primary screening, the soil is sieved into three particle sizes of >10mm, 2-10mm and 0.25-2mm, the soil is detected to be clean soil after being naturally dried, if the soil is not qualified, the soil is re-entered into the soil washing machine for washing, and the soil with the particle size of <2mm is unqualified and needs to be re-entered into the soil washing machine for repeated disposal.
6. The method for heavy metal elution of sticky soil according to claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, the <2mm soil and slurry are transferred to three-stage to six-stage mixing tanks, and the process automatically adds the eluent according to the soil property and the heavy metal desorption degree in each stage of mixing tank, soaks the soil in the eluent and fully mixes the soil with the eluent.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the sixth step, after the soil is uniformly stirred with the washing machine, the soil is sieved again, in the process, the hydrocyclone is used for sieving the soil with the particle size of <2mm to obtain four kinds of soil with the particle size of 0.25-2mm, 75-250um, 35-75um and <35um, and the <35um is tail soil rich in heavy metals.
8. The method for heavy metal washing and desorption of the sticky soil according to claim 1, wherein in the seventh step, the soil with the particle sizes of 0.25-2mm, 75-250um and 35-75um is detected, the qualified soil is clean soil, the soil is stored in a temporary storage, the unqualified soil is required to be soaked and stirred again, the previous process is repeated, the soil which is still unqualified is treated together after being soaked and stirred for 3 times.
9. The method for heavy metal washing and desorption of the sticky soil according to claim 1, wherein in the eighth step, the slurry containing the soil with the thickness of less than 35um is subjected to pressure filtration, and the tail soil is entrusted with the qualification unit.
10. The method for washing and desorbing heavy metal in cohesive soil according to claim 4, wherein a power transmission rack (9) is arranged on the roller (12), a power motor (10) is arranged on the main equipment frame (1), a driving gear (11) is arranged at an output end of the power motor (10), the driving gear (11) is meshed with the power transmission rack (9), a plurality of groups of stirring blades (13) which are regularly arranged are arranged inside the roller (12), the mounting directions of the stirring blades (13) between the two adjacent groups are opposite, an auxiliary shaft (14) is arranged at the center inside of the roller (12), and a plurality of auxiliary blades (15) which are equidistantly distributed are arranged on the auxiliary shaft (14).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113617817A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-11-09 | 苏州市宏宇环境科技股份有限公司 | Equipment and method for treating tail soil sludge leached from heavy metal contaminated soil |
| CN113732043A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-12-03 | 湖南新九方科技有限公司 | Heavy metal polluted medium enhanced leaching device and method |
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| CN111495946A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-08-07 | 苏州市宏宇环境科技股份有限公司 | Restoration method for degrading resistance gene in polluted soil |
| CN111790740A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-10-20 | 福建安冠环境科技有限公司 | Method and device for restoring soil polluted by petroleum hydrocarbon organic matters |
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| CN113617817A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-11-09 | 苏州市宏宇环境科技股份有限公司 | Equipment and method for treating tail soil sludge leached from heavy metal contaminated soil |
| CN113617817B (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2022-07-12 | 苏州市宏宇环境科技股份有限公司 | Equipment and method for treating tail soil sludge leached from heavy metal contaminated soil |
| CN113732043A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-12-03 | 湖南新九方科技有限公司 | Heavy metal polluted medium enhanced leaching device and method |
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