CN112774392A - Oil gas treatment system and method for crude oil unloading - Google Patents
Oil gas treatment system and method for crude oil unloading Download PDFInfo
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- CN112774392A CN112774392A CN201911078530.7A CN201911078530A CN112774392A CN 112774392 A CN112774392 A CN 112774392A CN 201911078530 A CN201911078530 A CN 201911078530A CN 112774392 A CN112774392 A CN 112774392A
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1431—Pretreatment by other processes
- B01D53/1437—Pretreatment by adsorption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1487—Removing organic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1493—Selection of liquid materials for use as absorbents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/18—Absorbing units; Liquid distributors therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D7/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
- B67D7/04—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes for transferring fuels, lubricants or mixed fuels and lubricants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D7/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
- B67D7/06—Details or accessories
- B67D7/42—Filling nozzles
- B67D7/54—Filling nozzles with means for preventing escape of liquid or vapour or for recovering escaped liquid or vapour
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D7/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
- B67D7/06—Details or accessories
- B67D7/80—Arrangements of heating or cooling devices for liquids to be transferred
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2252/00—Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption
- B01D2252/20—Organic absorbents
- B01D2252/205—Other organic compounds not covered by B01D2252/00 - B01D2252/20494
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
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Abstract
The invention discloses an oil gas treatment system for crude oil unloading, which comprises: the unloading pipeline is used for hermetically connecting the crude oil tank wagon and the oil unloading pool; the gas phase collecting line is arranged at the top of the oil unloading pool; the gas inlet of the absorption tower is connected with the gas phase collecting line, and the absorbent inlet and the liquid outlet of the absorption tower are respectively connected with the oil unloading pool; the adsorption state and the desorption state of the two groups of adsorption devices are alternately carried out, the air inlets of the two groups of adsorption devices are connected with the gas outlet of the absorption tower, and the desorption gas respectively enters the gas inlet of the absorption tower and the oil discharge tank; and a crude oil transfer pump which connects the oil unloading pool with the oil storage tank. The invention also discloses an oil gas treatment method for crude oil unloading. The invention combines crude oil unloading, oil gas recovery and oil gas delivery, realizes the optimized control of the whole system, reduces the scale of the device, has simple operation and reduces the energy consumption; the oil gas pollution is reduced through gas phase pressure balance in the system, and micro-discharge and even zero discharge are basically achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil and gas treatment, in particular to an oil and gas treatment system and method for crude oil unloading.
Background
China is a large country for crude oil import and keeps crude oil import quantity in the world for many years. Coastal ports and inland river ports, and crude oil terminals are mostly ship unloading processes. After the crude oil is stored in the crude oil storage tank by the ship unloading process, it is generally transported to a refinery or refining unit. The crude oil is transported by two methods, one is pipeline transportation, and the other is road transportation. In some areas, road transport of crude oil is a significant proportion. After being transported to a refinery by a road, crude oil is unloaded by a gravity flow mode, enters an underground tank and is conveyed to a raw material department by a crude oil pump. During unloading of crude oil, the vehicle top end cover is opened to balance the pressure in the tank car. Underground tanks also typically use an open top to balance pressure to avoid pressure fluctuations due to imbalances in crude oil inflow or outflow. This results in a large amount of crude oil waste gas being discharged to the atmosphere without being treated, causing environmental pollution.
Crude oil gas mainly comprises VOCs, hydrogen sulfide and moisture, and small amount of mercaptan and thioether substances, and usually has pungent odor. Sulfide gas has a strong toxic effect on the central nervous system of a human, and can cause headache and nausea when low-concentration steam is inhaled, and can cause respiratory paralysis and death when high-concentration steam is inhaled. Therefore, there is an urgent practical need to remediate and eliminate VOCs gases produced during crude oil unloading.
At present, a part of waste gas treatment systems adopted by crude oil unloading processes are basically and independently complete, and the waste gas treatment devices have the disadvantages of complex process, huge treatment capacity, lack of system control and optimization, high investment and expense and serious energy waste.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide an oil gas treatment system and method for crude oil unloading, so that the crude oil tank car, an oil unloading pool, oil gas recovery and crude oil transportation are combined, and the control and optimization of the whole system are realized.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a system and a method for oil and gas treatment during crude oil unloading, so as to reduce the oil and gas emission pollution during the crude oil unloading process in the prior art.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a system and a method for processing oil gas for crude oil unloading, so as to avoid potential safety hazard caused by sudden pressure rise or over-pressure in the oil unloading pool while ensuring the unloading efficiency of crude oil.
To achieve one or more of the above objects, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a crude oil unloading hydrocarbon processing system, comprising: the unloading pipeline is used for hermetically connecting the crude oil tank wagon and the oil unloading pool; the gas phase collecting line is arranged at the top of the oil unloading pool; the gas inlet of the absorption tower is connected with the gas phase collecting line, and the absorbent inlet and the liquid outlet of the absorption tower are respectively connected with the oil unloading pool; the adsorption state and the desorption state of the two groups of adsorption devices are alternately carried out, the air inlets of the two groups of adsorption devices are connected with the gas outlet of the absorption tower, and the desorption gas respectively enters the gas inlet of the absorption tower and the oil discharge tank; and a crude oil transfer pump which connects the oil unloading pool with the oil storage tank.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the flow rate of the crude oil delivery pump can be adjusted, so that the liquid level of the oil unloading pool is unchanged.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the oil discharge tank is provided with a liquid level meter.
Further, in the above technical scheme, when the liquid level of the oil discharge tank is higher than a preset upper limit of the liquid level, the liquid level meter sends an alarm signal; and when the liquid level of the oil unloading pool is lower than the preset liquid level lower limit, the liquid level instrument sends out an alarm signal and/or the crude oil delivery pump is closed.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the oil discharge tank is connected with the absorbent inlet of the absorption tower through a crude oil circulating pump and a refrigerating machine.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the absorption tower is a packed absorption tower.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the absorption tower adopts stainless steel packing.
Further, in the above technical solution, the unloading pipeline includes: the gravity flow oil discharge pipe is used for communicating the crude oil tank wagon with the oil discharge pool liquid; and the gas phase connecting prying block is used for communicating the crude oil tank car with the oil unloading pool.
Further, among the above-mentioned technical scheme, pass through the hose connection between gravity flow oil discharge pipe and the former oil groove car.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the gas phase connection pry block comprises a telescopic movable pipe.
Further, among the above-mentioned technical scheme, the oil discharge pond is equipped with pressure sensor, and this pressure sensor detects the gaseous phase space pressure value of oil discharge pond.
Further, among the above-mentioned technical scheme, the gaseous phase collection line is equipped with the emergency relief valve.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a crude oil unloading oil gas treatment method, which employs the crude oil unloading oil gas treatment system according to any one of the above technical solutions, the method at least includes the following steps: connecting the crude oil tank car with an oil unloading pool by adopting an unloading pipeline to carry out gravity-flow unloading; collecting the incremental gas in the gas phase space of the oil unloading pool; absorbing the incremental gas, wherein in the absorbing step, crude oil is used as an absorbent, and the generated liquid flows back to the oil unloading pool; performing an adsorption step and a desorption step on the gas generated in the adsorption step, discharging the residual gas in the adsorption step, repeating the adsorption step on one part of the desorbed gas generated in the desorption step, and returning the other part of the desorbed gas to the gas phase space of the oil unloading pool; and carrying out crude oil conveying according to the liquid level of the oil unloading pool.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the crude oil conveying step adopts automatic frequency conversion adjustment.
Further, in the above technical scheme, when the liquid level in the oil unloading pool reaches a preset upper limit of the liquid level, an alarm signal is sent out; and sending an alarm signal and/or stopping crude oil transportation when the liquid level in the oil unloading pool reaches a preset liquid level lower limit.
Further, in the above technical scheme, a crude oil refrigeration step is further included before the absorption step.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the integrated design of crude oil unloading, oil gas recovery and oil gas transmission is adopted, the overall optimization control of the system is realized, the device scale is reduced, the operation is simple, and the energy consumption is reduced.
2. Through a closed crude oil unloading system, the oil gas pollution is reduced by utilizing gas phase self-pressure balance, and micro-discharge and even zero discharge are achieved; the air inlet amount is reduced, and the load of the device is reduced.
3. The crude oil tank car is respectively communicated with the gas phase and the liquid phase of the oil unloading pool, so that the unloading efficiency of the crude oil is ensured, and meanwhile, the operation safety is ensured through emergency release measures and alarm measures.
4. The automatic variable frequency is adopted to adjust the crude oil transportation, so that the liquid level in the oil unloading pool is kept stable, and the crude oil volatilization caused by disturbance is reduced.
5. The cooled crude oil is used as an absorbent and then returns to the oil unloading pool to form circulation, so that the saturated rich oil in the oil unloading pool can be diluted.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood and to make the technical means implementable in accordance with the contents of the description, and to make the above and other objects, technical features, and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, one or more preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a crude oil offloading hydrocarbon processing system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Description of the main reference numerals:
10-crude oil tank car, 20-oil unloading pool, 21-gas phase collection line, 22-pressure sensor, 23-emergency relief valve, 24-liquid level meter, 30-unloading pipeline, 31-gravity flow oil unloading pipe, 32-gas phase connection pry block, 41-absorption tower, 42-first adsorption device, 43-second adsorption device, 44-vacuum pump, 45-refrigerator, 46-crude oil circulating pump and 50-crude oil delivery pump.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the word "comprise", or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element or component but not the exclusion of any other element or component.
Spatially relative terms, such as "below," "lower," "upper," "above," "upper," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the object in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the items in the figures are turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "below" can encompass both an orientation of below and above. The article may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative terms used herein should be interpreted accordingly.
In this document, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish two different elements or portions, and are not used to define a particular position or relative relationship. In other words, the terms "first," "second," and the like may also be interchanged with one another in some embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the oil and gas treatment system for crude oil unloading according to the embodiment of the present invention is used for unloading operation of a crude oil tanker 10 to an oil unloading pool 20. The oil and gas treatment system includes an unloading line 30 that sealingly connects the raw oil tank truck 10 and the oil dump 20. Typically, the dump basin 20 is located underground and is connected to a storage tank (not shown) in the tank farm by a crude oil transfer pump 50. The top of the oil unloading pool 20 is provided with a gas phase collecting line 21, and oil gas in the oil unloading pool 20 can enter the absorption tower 41 through the gas phase collecting line 21. The absorbent of the absorption tower 41 is crude oil in the oil unloading pool 20, the absorbent (crude oil) in the absorption tower 41 is in countercurrent contact with oil gas, a liquid phase part enters the oil unloading pool 20 from a liquid outlet at the bottom of the absorption tower 41, and a gas phase part enters an adsorption device for adsorption treatment from a gas outlet at the top of the absorption tower 41. The number of the adsorption devices may be two, the first adsorption device 42 and the second adsorption device 43 are arranged in parallel, and the adsorption state and the desorption state of the two adsorption devices are alternately performed, that is, when one adsorption device is in the adsorption state, the other adsorption device is in the desorption state. It should be understood that the two adsorption devices may be two groups of adsorption devices, each group of adsorption devices including more than one adsorption device. Illustratively, the first adsorption device 42 and the second adsorption device 43 may be adsorption tanks, such as activated carbon adsorption tanks, that is, the adsorbent is activated carbon, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can select suitable adsorbents according to actual needs. The first adsorption device 42 or the second adsorption device 43 is vacuumized and desorbed under the suction action of the vacuum pump 44, and the extracted high-concentration oil gas enters the gas inlet of the absorption tower 41 and the gas phase space of the oil unloading pool 20 respectively.
Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the flow rate of the crude oil transfer pump 50 may be adjusted according to the liquid level of the oil sumps 20, substantially maintaining the liquid level stable. The number of simultaneous tank dumps is uncertain, as well as the tank capacity, which can result in the liquid level in the dump tank 20 being in a fluctuating state. In order to ensure the stability of the system, a liquid level meter 24 may be provided to monitor the liquid level condition of the oil unloading pool 20 in real time and transmit a liquid level signal to the crude oil delivery pump 50, so as to realize automatic frequency conversion to adjust the flow rate to keep the liquid level stable. In the unloading process of crude oil, the volume of the generated gas phase is 1.1-1.2 times of the volume of the liquid phase. Meanwhile, in order to maintain the fluidity of the crude oil, the oil discharge tank 20 is generally provided with a steam heating device, resulting in an increase in the amount of light hydrocarbons volatilized from the crude oil. In addition, in the oil gas treatment process of the invention, the gas amount of the high-concentration oil gas desorbed by the vacuum pump 44 is also large, and is usually 3-4 times of the rated treatment amount, so that a small part of the desorbed gas returns to the absorption tower 41, and a large part of the desorbed gas returns to the gas phase space of the oil unloading pool 20. In the unloading process of crude oil, the gas phase volume can still ensure the gas phase space balance of the crude oil tank wagon 10 under the condition that the liquid level of the oil unloading pool 20 is kept unchanged.
Preferably, but not limitatively, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, an upper liquid level limit and a lower liquid level limit may be preset, and when the liquid level of the oil drain tank 20 is higher than the preset upper liquid level limit, the liquid level meter sends out an alarm signal; when the liquid level of the oil unloading pool 20 is lower than the preset liquid level lower limit, the liquid level meter sends out an alarm signal and/or turns off the crude oil transfer pump 50.
Preferably, but not by way of limitation, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the invention, the crude oil in the oil-unloading tank 20 may be pumped into the refrigerator 45 by the crude oil circulating pump 46 to be cooled, and then enter the absorption tower 41 as an absorbent. Illustratively, the absorption tower 41 may be a packed absorption tower, and the absorption tower 41 may employ stainless steel packing. Illustratively, the temperature of the crude oil passing through the refrigerator 45 is reduced from 30 ℃ to 10-15 ℃.
Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the unloading line 30 includes a gravity-fed oil drain pipe 31 that connects the crude tank car 10 and the oil unloading pool 20 in liquid phase, and a gas phase connection skid 32 that connects the crude tank car 10 and the oil unloading pool 20 in gas phase. Preferably, but not by way of limitation, the gravity flow oil drain pipe 31 may be connected to the crude tank truck 10 by a hose (not shown). The gas phase connection pry block 32 may include a telescoping loose tube and a top closure head (not shown), which may be adjusted according to the tank car position and ensure a sealed connection.
Preferably, but not by way of limitation, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the invention, the oil sumps 20 are provided with pressure sensors 22, and the pressure sensors 22 monitor the pressure values of the gas phase space of the oil sumps 20 in real time. To improve the safety of the system, the gas phase collection line 21 is provided with an emergency relief valve 23. When the pressure value of the gas phase space of the oil unloading pool 20 is suddenly increased or an emergency occurs, the emergency relief valve 23 is opened to relieve the accident gas, and when the pressure value is reduced to a safe value, the emergency relief valve 23 is closed, and the device is recovered to normal operation. For example, when the absorption tower 41, the adsorption device, the vacuum pump 44 or other parts of the system are in failure, oil gas generated in the unloading process is discharged through the emergency relief valve 23, and the safety of system facilities is ensured. Preferably, the oil and gas are discharged into a blow-down pipe (not shown in the figures) through an emergency relief valve 23.
Referring to FIG. 1, in one or more embodiments of the invention, a method for oil and gas treatment of crude oil offloading includes at least the steps of: connecting the crude oil tank wagon 10 with an oil unloading pool 20 by adopting an unloading pipeline 30 to carry out gravity-flow unloading; collecting the incremental gas in the gas phase space of the oil sumps 20; the absorption step of the incremental gas is carried out, crude oil is adopted as an absorbent in the absorption step, and the generated liquid flows back to the oil unloading pool 20; performing an adsorption step and a desorption step on the gas generated in the adsorption step, discharging the residual gas in the adsorption step, repeating the adsorption step on one part of the desorbed gas generated in the desorption step, and returning the other part of the desorbed gas to the gas phase space of the oil unloading pool 20; and a crude oil transfer step according to the liquid level of the oil-discharging pool 20.
Preferably, but not by way of limitation, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the invention, the crude oil transfer step employs automatic variable frequency regulation. Preferably, but not limitatively, when the liquid level in the oil unloading pool 20 reaches a preset upper liquid level limit, an alarm signal is sent out; and sending an alarm signal and/or stopping the crude oil transportation step when the liquid level in the oil unloading pool 20 reaches a preset liquid level lower limit.
Preferably, but not by way of limitation, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the invention, the absorption step is preceded by a crude oil refrigeration step.
The oil gas treatment system and the method for unloading the crude oil are suitable for crude oil unloading operation of a refinery or a refining unit. The invention combines the characteristics of crude oil unloading process, oil gas recovery process and crude oil conveying, organically combines the system and the method, and greatly reduces the gas amount of crude oil and gas by a parameter monitoring and controlling method, thereby reducing the scale of the device and reducing the energy consumption; on the other hand, the whole unloading process and the oil gas recovery process are combined into a complete process system, so that the management and the operation are convenient. The invention has great environmental benefit and certain economic benefit. The present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples with reference to the crude oil offloading hydrocarbon processing system shown in fig. 1, it being understood that the invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
In this embodiment, the oil-discharging tank 20 has a volume of 600m3The unloading sump is provided with a steam heating line (not shown) to prevent condensation of the crude oil. 10 crude oil tank cars 10 are unloaded simultaneously, and the carrying capacity of each crude oil tank car 10 is 30 tons. The crude oil tank wagon 10 is hermetically connected with the oil unloading pool 20 through an unloading pipeline 30 (a gravity flow oil unloading pipe 31 and a gas phase connecting pry block 32) to carry out gravity flow unloading operation. The treating capacity of the absorption column 41 and the two adsorption apparatuses was 300m3The liquid level stability in the oil sump 20 is preset to 1.5 m. The unloading efficiency of crude oil is 60 tons/hour, and the oil gas treatment efficiency reaches 97 percent.
The crude oil tank wagon is parked on the unloading position of the oil unloading pool 20, and is respectively connected with the oil unloading pool 20 in a sealing way through the unloading pipeline 30, so that the pressure balance is realized, and the gravity-flow unloading operation is carried out. Crude oil loaded in the crude oil tank wagon 10 continuously enters the oil unloading pool 20, and meanwhile, the gas phase volume in the oil unloading pool 20 continuously enters the crude oil tank wagon 10, so that space volume exchange is realized, the volume needing air supplement in the prior art is changed into oil gas supplement in the oil unloading pool 20, the processing amount of subsequent oil gas recovery steps is greatly reduced, the energy consumption is reduced, and the scale of the device is reduced. The liquid level in the oil unloading pool 20 is kept at a preset liquid level stable value through the automatic variable frequency flow regulation of the crude oil transfer pump 50. The incremental gas in the gas phase space in the oil unloading pool 20 enters the absorption tower 41 from the gas phase collecting line 21 to be in countercurrent contact with the circulating crude oil cooled by the refrigerating machine 45, the liquid generated in the absorption process returns to the oil unloading pool 20 from the bottom flow of the tower, and the absorbed and purified oil gas is discharged to the first adsorption device 42 in an adsorption state from the top of the tower. The oil gas passes through the first adsorption device 42 from bottom to top, the oil gas is adsorbed in the adsorbent, and the residual gas up to the standard is discharged into the atmosphere. The vacuum pump 44 pumps out the high-concentration oil gas in the second adsorption device 43 in the desorption state and respectively delivers the oil gas to the absorption tower 41 and the oil discharge tank 20. When the first adsorption device 42 is saturated by adsorption, the first adsorption device 42 is switched to the desorption state, and the second adsorption device 43 is switched to the adsorption state. The system of the embodiment has the advantages of full-automatic control of the crude oil unloading, oil gas recovery and crude oil conveying processes and simple operation. The unloading efficiency is kept to a certain degree, the higher environmental protection requirement can be met, and micro-discharge is realized.
Example 2
The crude oil tank truck 10 of example 1 was hermetically connected to the oil discharge sump 20 only by the gravity flow oil discharge pipe 31, and other conditions were not changed. Crude oil loaded in the crude oil tank wagon 10 continuously enters the oil unloading pool 20, the air resistance is increased by generated oil gas, the unloading flow rate of the crude oil is reduced, and therefore the unloading efficiency of the crude oil in the embodiment is only 10 tons/hour on average.
Example 3
The crude oil tank truck 10 in example 1 was increased to 20 cars, and the liquid level stability value in the oil drain tank 20 was preset to 1.5m, and the other conditions were not changed. The unloading efficiency of crude oil is 63 tons/hour, and the oil gas treatment efficiency reaches 97 percent.
Example 4
The steady value of the liquid level in the oil sump 20 in example 1 was set to 0.5m, and the other conditions were not changed. The unloading efficiency of crude oil is 65 tons/hour, and the oil gas treatment efficiency reaches 96 percent. Compared with the embodiment 1, the liquid level stability value preset height is reduced, so that the crude oil unloading efficiency is improved, but the oil gas treatment efficiency is reduced, and the increasingly strict environmental protection standard is not satisfied.
Example 5
The liquid level stability value presetting of the oil unloading pool 20 in the embodiment 1 is cancelled, the crude oil transfer pump 50 is started after the crude oil unloading is finished, the crude oil in the oil unloading pool 20 is transferred to the oil storage tank, and other conditions are unchanged. The unloading efficiency of crude oil is 70 tons/hour, and the oil gas treatment efficiency reaches 95 percent.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above exemplary embodiments shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. An oil and gas treatment system for crude oil unloading, comprising:
the unloading pipeline is used for hermetically connecting the crude oil tank wagon and the oil unloading pool;
a gas phase collection line disposed at the top of the oil discharge sump;
the gas inlet of the absorption tower is connected with the gas phase collecting line, and the absorbent inlet and the liquid outlet of the absorption tower are respectively connected with the oil unloading pool;
the adsorption state and the desorption state of the two groups of adsorption devices are alternately carried out, the air inlets of the two groups of adsorption devices are connected with the gas outlet of the absorption tower, and desorption gas respectively enters the gas inlet of the absorption tower and the oil unloading pool; and
and the crude oil transfer pump is used for connecting the oil unloading pool with an oil storage tank.
2. The crude oil offloading oil and gas processing system of claim 1 wherein the flow rate of the crude oil transfer pump is adjustable such that the level of the dump pool is constant.
3. The crude oil dump oil and gas treatment system of claim 2 wherein the oil dump pool is provided with a level gauge.
4. The crude oil unloading hydrocarbon processing system as set forth in claim 3, wherein the level gauge sends an alarm signal when the level of the oil unloading pool is above a preset upper level limit; and when the liquid level of the oil unloading pool is lower than a preset liquid level lower limit, the liquid level instrument sends out an alarm signal and/or the crude oil delivery pump is closed.
5. The crude oil offloading oil and gas processing system of claim 1 wherein the unloading sump is connected to the absorber inlet of the absorber tower by a crude oil circulation pump and a refrigerator.
6. The crude oil offloading oil and gas processing system of claim 5 wherein the absorber is a packed absorber.
7. The crude oil offloading oil and gas processing system as recited in claim 6 wherein the absorber tower is stainless steel packing.
8. The crude oil offloading oil and gas processing system of claim 1, wherein the offloading line comprises:
the gravity flow oil discharge pipe is used for communicating the crude oil tank wagon with the oil discharge pool liquid; and
and the gas phase connecting prying block is used for communicating the crude oil tank car with the oil unloading pool.
9. The oil and gas treatment system for crude oil unloading according to claim 8, wherein the gravity oil gravity pipe is connected with the crude oil tank wagon through a hose.
10. The crude oil offloading oil and gas processing system of claim 8, wherein the gas phase connection skid comprises a telescoping live tube.
11. The oil and gas treatment system for crude oil unloading according to claim 1, wherein the oil unloading pool is provided with a pressure sensor which detects a gas phase space pressure value of the oil unloading pool.
12. The crude oil offloading oil and gas processing system as recited in claim 11 wherein the vapor collection line is provided with an emergency relief valve.
13. A method for oil and gas treatment of crude oil unloading, characterized in that the method employs the oil and gas treatment system of crude oil unloading as claimed in any one of claims 1-12, the method at least comprises the following steps:
connecting the crude oil tank wagon with an oil unloading pool by adopting the unloading pipeline to carry out gravity-flow unloading;
collecting the incremental gas in the gas phase space of the oil unloading pool;
performing an absorption step on the increment gas, wherein the absorption step adopts crude oil as an absorbent, and the generated liquid flows back to the oil unloading pool;
performing an adsorption step and a desorption step on the gas generated in the absorption step, discharging the residual gas in the adsorption step, repeating the absorption step on one part of the desorption gas generated in the desorption step, and returning the other part of the desorption gas to the gas phase space of the oil unloading pool; and
and carrying out crude oil conveying according to the liquid level of the oil unloading pool.
14. The method for crude oil offloading hydrocarbon processing as recited in claim 13 wherein the crude oil transporting step employs automatic variable frequency tuning.
15. The oil and gas treatment method for crude oil unloading according to claim 14, wherein when the liquid level in the oil unloading pool reaches a preset upper limit of liquid level, an alarm signal is sent; and sending an alarm signal and/or stopping the crude oil transportation step when the liquid level in the oil unloading pool reaches a preset liquid level lower limit.
16. The method for crude oil offloading hydrocarbon processing as recited in claim 13 further comprising a crude oil refrigeration step prior to the absorption step.
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