CN112773328B - Embolic plaque detection optical fiber Raman probe based on inclined grating - Google Patents
Embolic plaque detection optical fiber Raman probe based on inclined grating Download PDFInfo
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- CN112773328B CN112773328B CN202011459728.2A CN202011459728A CN112773328B CN 112773328 B CN112773328 B CN 112773328B CN 202011459728 A CN202011459728 A CN 202011459728A CN 112773328 B CN112773328 B CN 112773328B
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Abstract
In order to solve the problem that the plaque type can still be diagnosed in vivo by not being applicable to contrast agent in the pulmonary embolism removal operation, the patent designs an optical fiber Raman detection probe based on an inclined grating. The optical fiber Raman probe is adopted to replace the original probe, the diameter of the probe is 1.5mm, and the probe can conveniently reach the affected part through the blood vessel. And an inclined grating with a certain angle is inscribed at the front end of the optical fiber, so that the detection area is increased. Realizes the function of diagnosing plaque type in vivo in the pulmonary embolism removal operation without using any contrast agent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of medical detection, and particularly relates to an embolic plaque detection optical fiber Raman probe based on an inclined grating.
Background
Pulmonary embolism is the accumulation of cholesterol particles, extracellular matrix precipitation, inflammatory cell infiltration into the vessel wall, and thus the formation of pulmonary vascular occlusion. Currently, the clinical examination method is mainly angiography. The radiography can accurately and definitely diagnose the pathological change position, range, severity and condition of the blood vessel wall, is regarded as a 'gold key' for diagnosing coronary heart disease, but has limitation in clinical detection because of needing contrast medium.
Raman spectroscopy is capable of providing specific information on a variety of chemical and morphological components that are not available by other methods, and therefore the medical potential of raman spectroscopy in vitro studies has been determined. The design of fiber optic raman probes has advanced over the last decade, indicating that fiber optic raman probe detection is a potential, useful clinical technique. Currently, there are some probes commercially available for in vivo studies, but most of these probes are limited to skin and other easily accessible organs because the excitation wavelength and optical structure used are not optimized for application to tissues.
The inclined grating is also called blazed grating, and is different from the traditional fiber grating in that the wave vector direction of the grating has a certain included angle with the fiber axis direction, and has the characteristics of small anti-electromagnetic interference, selectable wavelength, compatibility with a fiber system, higher photosensitivity and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an optical fiber Raman probe for detecting embolic plaque based on an inclined grating, which adopts the optical fiber Raman probe to replace an original probe, has the diameter of 1.5mm and is convenient to reach an affected part through a blood vessel. And an inclined grating with a certain angle is inscribed at the front end of the optical fiber, so that the detection area is increased. On the premise of not using any contrast agent, the plaque type effect is diagnosed in vivo in the pulmonary embolism removal operation process, and the applicability of the device is improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: an embolic plaque detection fiber Raman probe based on an inclined grating comprises an inclined grating fiber, a fiber optic cable, a Raman excitation fiber and a Raman collection fiber; six inclined grating optical fibers are uniformly and annularly arranged around the aluminum column, the optical fiber cable is connected with the inclined grating optical fibers, the Raman excitation optical fibers are connected with the optical fiber cable through a beam splitter, one end of the Raman collection optical fibers is connected with the optical fiber cable through a coupler, and the other end of the Raman collection optical fibers is connected with a spectrometer; a protective shell is arranged around the inclined grating optical fiber and at a non-inclined grating, and a curled protective tube is arranged on one side of the inclined grating optical fiber away from the optical fiber cable.
Preferably, the protective shell is a polytetrafluoroethylene cladding, and the crimp protection tube is epoxy resin.
Preferably, the inclined grating fiber is a multimode fiber, the fiber core diameter is 50um, the cladding diameter is 125um, and the NA is 0.22.
Preferably, the beam splitter is a one-to-five beam splitter.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts the optical fiber Raman probe to replace the original probe, the diameter of the probe is 1.5mm, and the probe can conveniently reach the affected part through the blood vessel. And an inclined grating with a certain angle is inscribed at the front end of the optical fiber, so that the detection area is increased. Realizes the function of diagnosing plaque type in vivo in the pulmonary embolism removal operation without using any contrast agent.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention as claimed.
Drawings
Further objects, functions and advantages of the present invention will be clarified by the following description of embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 schematically shows a longitudinal schematic view of the structure of a fiber Raman probe of the present invention;
FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a schematic diagram of a tilted grating structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a cross-sectional view of the fiber optic Raman probe structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 schematically shows a Raman spectrum of a fiber Raman probe of the present invention for detecting hemoglobin;
FIG. 5 schematically shows a Raman spectrum of the fiber Raman probe of the present invention for cholesterol detection.
In the figure:
1. cladding 2, core
3. Incident light 4, oblique grating
5. Tissue reflected light 6, reflected light
7. Transmitted light 8, tissue
9. Protective tube 10, polytetrafluoroethylene sheath
11. Aluminum column 12, inclined grating fiber
13. Optical fiber cable 14, optical splitter
15. Raman excitation fiber 16, coupler
17. Raman collection optical fiber
Detailed Description
The objects and functions of the present invention and methods for achieving these objects and functions will be elucidated by referring to exemplary embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments disclosed below; this may be implemented in different forms. The essence of the description is merely to aid one skilled in the relevant art in comprehensively understanding the specific details of the invention.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals represent the same or similar components, or the same or similar steps.
The invention aims to solve the problem that the plaque type can still be diagnosed in vivo by not applying contrast medium in pulmonary embolism removal, and designs an optical fiber Raman detection probe based on an inclined grating.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the optical fiber Raman probe is adopted to replace the original probe, and an inclined grating is inscribed at the front end of the probe to increase the light action area, so that the purpose of detecting plaque types in an operation area is realized.
The tilted fiber grating (fig. 2) is a short period fiber grating. In the grating forming process, the phase mask plate is not perpendicular to the axial direction of the optical fiber, so that a certain inclination angle exists between the inclined grating 4 and the axial direction of the optical fiber. Due to the angle of inclination, a portion of the light is transmitted into the cladding 1 when the incident light is transmitted therein.
The structure of the optical fiber Raman detection probe based on the long chirped grating is shown in fig. 1, and fig. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of an optical fiber. Comprises a protection tube 9, a polytetrafluoroethylene shell 10, an aluminum column 11, a Raman excitation optical fiber 15, a Raman collection optical fiber 17, an optical fiber cable 13, an optical splitter 14, a coupler 16 and an inclined grating optical fiber 12. To prevent cross-talk between the fibers, the present invention employs a central aluminum post 11 for optical isolation. To improve the raman signal collection efficiency, the tilted grating fiber 12 (core diameter 50um, cladding diameter 125um, na 0.22, multimode fiber) will be arranged annularly around the aluminum post 11. In order to increase the active area, the inclined grating 4 is written at the front end of the inclined grating fiber 12. To prevent tissue fluid from penetrating into the probe site, an epoxy (M-31 CL) crimp protection tube is placed at the probe site. A fifth-divided beam splitter 14 is arranged between the raman excitation fiber 15 and the optical fiber cable 13, and excitation light sources are respectively input into the six inclined grating fibers 12. And a coupler 16 is arranged at the tail end of the optical fiber cable 13, and a Raman signal with tissue information is transmitted into the spectrometer through a Raman collection optical fiber 17. The outer part of the Raman collection optical fiber 17 is wrapped by the black polytetrafluoroethylene wrapping 10 for fixation and protection. All components of the probe are made of medical grade materials and can withstand standard cold gas ethylene oxide sterilized surgery.
The detection process comprises the following steps: the excitation light source sequentially passes through a Raman excitation optical fiber 15 and a five-in-five beam splitter 14, the light source is respectively input into five inclined grating optical fibers 12, when incident light enters the inclined grating 4, a part of light is transmitted into the tissue 8, the light reflected by the tissue 8 passes through the inclined grating optical fibers 12, meanwhile, a coupler 16 is arranged at the tail end of an optical fiber cable 13, and a Raman signal with tissue information is transmitted into a spectrometer through a Raman collection optical fiber 17 for analysis. A part of incident light does not return through the inclined grating 4, a part of incident light passes through the inclined grating 4 to become transmitted light 7, a part of incident light enters the cladding 1 and is reflected into the tissue 8, the incident light reaching the tissue 8 is reflected to form a Raman light original path to return to the inclined grating 4, and the transmitted light 7 and the returned incident light can be controlled to be extremely small.
The feasibility of the patent is preliminarily verified by using the probe designed by the patent to detect the hemoglobin and cholesterol powder. An FC-D-785-300mW laser manufactured by the Highai company is adopted, the emitted laser wavelength is 785.062nm, and the output power is 100mW. An IO785MM0350MF spectrometer manufactured by Ocean corporation was used. The raman spectrum of the hemoglobin obtained in the experiment is shown in fig. 4, and the raman spectrum of cholesterol is shown in fig. 5.
The raman spectrum of hemoglobin is shown in fig. 4, and is due to the raman scattering of hemeThe cross section is relatively large, so the raman spectrum of hemoglobin reflects mainly the vibrational characteristics of heme, whose vibrational modes can be divided into six regions: I-VI. Region a in FIG. 4 corresponds to band I (1340-1390 cm) -1 ) The method is a sensitive spectral band of electron density in heme ring, is not influenced by spin state, and is a marker spectral band of heme oxidation-reduction state. The b-e region corresponds to the frequency range II-VI (1470-1600 cm) -1 ) The distance between the heme center and the N atom of the pyrrole ring is reflected for the heme center size sensitive spectral band. The II-VI frequency band is mainly influenced by the stretching vibration of the methine bond, and meanwhile, researches show that the Raman frequency of the frequency band is in linear relation with the size of the heme center. FIG. 5 shows a Raman spectrum of cholesterol, 1440cm -1 The stronger peak nearby is the shear vibration of H-CH in cholesterol, 1675cm -1 The left and right are the vibration of C=C double bond in cholesterol, and the stronger peak corresponding to the f region is the symmetrical vibration and the antisymmetric vibration of methyl and methylene in cholesterol. Thus, it can be demonstrated that the present patent has the feasibility of preliminarily realizing that an inapplicable contrast agent in pulmonary embolism removal can still diagnose plaque types in vivo.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention adopts the optical fiber Raman probe to replace the original probe, the diameter of the probe is 1.5mm, and the probe can conveniently reach the affected part through the blood vessel. And an inclined grating with a certain angle is inscribed at the front end of the optical fiber, so that the detection area is increased. Realizes the function of diagnosing plaque type in vivo in the pulmonary embolism removal operation without using any contrast agent.
Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to and understood by those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.
Claims (3)
1. The embolic plaque detection optical fiber Raman probe based on the inclined grating is characterized by comprising an inclined grating optical fiber, an optical fiber cable, a Raman excitation optical fiber and a Raman collection optical fiber;
six inclined grating optical fibers are uniformly and annularly arranged around the aluminum column, the optical fiber cable is connected with the inclined grating optical fibers, the Raman excitation optical fibers are connected with the optical fiber cable through a beam splitter, one end of the Raman collection optical fibers is connected with the optical fiber cable through a coupler, and the other end of the Raman collection optical fibers is connected with a spectrometer;
a protective shell is arranged around the inclined grating optical fiber and positioned at a non-inclined grating, and a curled protective tube is arranged at one side of the inclined grating optical fiber away from the optical fiber cable;
the beam splitter is a one-to-five beam splitter;
in order to prevent cross interference between optical fibers, an aluminum column is adopted for optical isolation; in order to improve the Raman signal collection efficiency, the inclined grating optical fibers are annularly arranged around the aluminum column; in order to increase the action area, an inclined grating is inscribed at the front end of the inclined grating optical fiber; in order to prevent tissue fluid from penetrating into the detection part, a curled protecting tube is arranged at the detection part; a fifth-to-fifth beam splitter is arranged between the Raman excitation optical fiber and the optical fiber cable, and excitation light sources are respectively input into the inclined grating optical fibers; a coupler is arranged at the tail end of the optical fiber cable, and Raman signals with tissue information are transmitted into a spectrometer through a Raman collection optical fiber;
the detection process comprises the following steps: the excitation light source sequentially passes through the Raman excitation optical fiber and a fifth-to-fifth optical splitter, the light source is respectively input into the inclined grating optical fiber, a part of light is transmitted into tissues when incident light enters the inclined grating, the light reflected by the tissues passes through the inclined grating optical fiber, and meanwhile, a coupler is arranged at the tail end of the optical fiber cable, and Raman signals with tissue information are transmitted into the spectrometer through the Raman collection optical fiber for analysis; part of incident light does not return through the inclined grating, part of the incident light passes through the inclined grating to become transmitted light, part of the incident light enters the cladding layer and is reflected into the tissue, and the incident light reaching the tissue forms a Raman light original path through reflection and returns to the inclined grating.
2. The fiber optic raman probe according to claim 1 wherein said protective housing is a polytetrafluoroethylene sheath and said crimp protection tube is an epoxy.
3. The fiber raman probe according to claim 1 wherein said tilted grating fiber is a multimode fiber having a core diameter of 50um, a cladding diameter of 125um and a na of 0.22.
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| CN202011459728.2A CN112773328B (en) | 2020-12-11 | 2020-12-11 | Embolic plaque detection optical fiber Raman probe based on inclined grating |
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| CN202011459728.2A CN112773328B (en) | 2020-12-11 | 2020-12-11 | Embolic plaque detection optical fiber Raman probe based on inclined grating |
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| US20070038123A1 (en) * | 2005-06-02 | 2007-02-15 | Newton Laboratories, Inc. | Optical probe for Raman scattering from arterial tissue |
| CN104316445A (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-01-28 | 山东大学 | Optical fiber DNA molecule sensor based on inclined raster and manufacturing method and application thereof |
| CN105044030B (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2017-08-08 | 暨南大学 | Evanscent field coupling coefficient meter and its detection method between optical fiber is fine |
| CN106526195A (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2017-03-22 | 暨南大学 | Water channel urine protein optical label-free specific detection device and method |
| CN107741409A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2018-02-27 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of cancer markers detection means and method based on slant Bragg grating |
| CN108956525A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-12-07 | 山东大学苏州研究院 | A kind of optical fibre bio molecule sensor based on oblique raster |
| CN109730694A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-05-10 | 北京信息科技大学 | The raman spectroscopy measurement probe of plaque type in a kind of diagnosis human vas |
| CN109730640A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-05-10 | 北京信息科技大学 | Raman spectroscopy measurement probe based on fiber bragg grating |
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