CN112772072A

CN112772072A - High-speed automatic seedling taking and throwing device

Info

Publication number: CN112772072A
Application number: CN202110283947.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘克福; 李晓虹; 王霜; 赵晓冬; 梁剑; 李青涛; 胡红; 蔡龙基
Original assignee: Xihua University
Current assignee: Xihua University
Priority date: 2021-03-17
Filing date: 2021-03-17
Publication date: 2021-05-11

Abstract

The invention provides a high-speed automatic seedling taking and throwing device, which comprises a seedling placing mechanism and a seedling taking and throwing mechanism; the seedlings are tightly placed in the seedling containing boxes through the seedling containing boxes and the conveying belts of the seedling placing mechanism, so that the seedlings are always placed at the seedling taking openings at the bottom, and the seedlings are prevented from being missed; drive rack and shift fork through driving motor and realize quick reciprocating motion, make the shift fork upset throw the seedling through the gyro wheel that pushes down, make the shift fork reset through the gyro wheel that resets to realize fast-speed getting and throw the seedling action, and accessible motor speed control realizes getting the speed control of throwing the seedling, with the requirement of adaptation different speeds of planting, simple structure is high-efficient, has improved the transplanting efficiency of transplanter.

Description

High-speed automatic seedling taking and throwing device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of transplanting machines, in particular to a high-speed automatic seedling taking and throwing device.

Background

The transplanter is widely applied to agricultural production, and the planting efficiency of crops needing seedling cultivation is greatly improved. In the known transplanter at present, the operation efficiency of the transplanter is high, the technology is mature, the row spacing and the planting spacing of the transplanter are large, the planting speed is high, and the transplanter is suitable for transplanting rice seedlings with large area; however, for the transplantation of vegetables and Chinese medicinal materials, the seedling taking and throwing speed is the key factor influencing the transplantation efficiency. When crops such as vegetables and the like are planted, automatic seedling taking and manual seedling throwing are carried out in a clamping mode, but the speed is low, the efficiency is low, and when the row spacing and the plant spacing are large, the planting area in unit time can meet the requirement of the planting efficiency. However, for planting traditional Chinese medicinal materials such as dwarf lilyturf, the planting density is high, the plant spacing and the row spacing are as small as 6-8cm according to the agricultural requirements, the number of planted plants per mu is more than one hundred thousand, and the artificial seedling throwing is not practical at the moment obviously. Therefore, the device for automatically taking and throwing the seedlings at a high speed is designed to meet the requirements of high speed and high efficiency of the radix ophiopogonis during transplanting, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, and the device has important practical significance.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to overcome the defects of the existing transplanter and provide a high-speed automatic seedling taking and throwing device, which meets the requirements of rapidness and high efficiency in the mechanized transplanting of radix ophiopogonis.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a high-speed automatic seedling taking and throwing device comprises a seedling placing mechanism and a seedling taking and throwing mechanism, wherein the seedling taking and throwing mechanism is arranged below the seedling placing mechanism.

Put seedling mechanism includes: the seedling containing box comprises a seedling containing box, a conveying belt, a carrier roller fixing seat, a conveying motor and a conveying motor support; the bottom of the seedling containing box is provided with a T-shaped sliding chute, and the inner bottom surface of the seedling containing box is designed to be an inclined surface; the carrier rollers are arranged on two sides of the seedling containing box through carrier roller fixing seats; the conveyer belt is installed on the bearing roller, and conveying motor is installed on flourishing seedling case by the conveying motor support, and conveying motor is connected with the bearing roller through the shaft coupling.

Get and throw seedling mechanism and include: the device comprises a rack push rod, a shifting fork shaft, a permanent magnet, a driving motor support, an intermittent gear, a gear support, a gear shaft, a pressure spring support, a reset roller shaft, a pressing roller shaft, a pressing roller support and a self-lubricating bearing.

The seedling box comprises a rack push rod, a permanent magnet, a shifting fork, a self-lubricating bearing and a shifting fork shaft, wherein the rack push rod is arranged in a T-shaped chute at the bottom of the seedling box, the permanent magnet is arranged in a magnet fixing groove of the shifting fork, the shifting fork is connected with the shifting fork shaft through the self-lubricating bearing arranged in a middle through hole, and the shifting fork shaft is arranged in a through hole at the front.

The seedling box is characterized in that the gear support is arranged at the bottom of the seedling box, the intermittent gear is arranged on the gear shaft, the intermittent gear is designed into a toothed part and a non-toothed part along the circumference, the toothed part can be meshed with the rack push rod, and the gear shaft is fixed on the gear support and is connected with the driving motor through a coupler.

The pressure spring support mounting is in flourishing seedling bottom of the case portion to be connected with the one end of pressure spring, the other end of pressure spring is fixed in the pressure spring fixed slot of rack push rod rear end, push down the gyro wheel and install on pushing down the gyro wheel support through pushing down the roller shaft, push down gyro wheel support mounting and get seedling department in flourishing seedling bottom of the case portion, the gyro wheel that resets is installed on gear support through the gyro wheel axle that resets.

The invention has the following beneficial effects: the speed of taking and throwing the seedlings can be controlled by setting the rotating speed of the driving motor so as to adapt to the requirements of different planting speeds; the arranged conveying belt drives the seedlings to move towards the seedling taking opening, so that the seedlings are always arranged at the seedling taking opening, and the seedlings are prevented from being missed; the seedlings are obliquely placed through the inclined plane arranged at the bottom of the seedling containing box, so that when the rack push rod is pushed outwards, the seedling grab of the shifting fork is just forked at the roots of the seedlings, and the seedlings are not easy to be damaged; through setting up the gyro wheel that pushes down and the gyro wheel that resets to combine the reciprocating motion of rack push rod, make the shift fork accomplish fast and get the seedling, throw the action of seedling and reset, simple structure is high-efficient.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a general structure schematic diagram of an automatic seedling taking and throwing device.

Fig. 2 is a left side view of the automatic seedling taking and throwing device.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a front view of the automatic seedling taking and throwing device.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the portion B-B of the structure shown in fig. 4.

FIG. 6 is a view showing the construction of a fork member.

Fig. 7 is a structural view of a rack push rod part.

The reference signs are: 1. a seedling placing mechanism; 2. taking and throwing the seedling mechanism; 11. a seedling containing box; a T-shaped chute; 112. a bevel; 113. taking a seedling opening; 12. a conveyor belt; 13. a carrier roller; 14. a carrier roller fixing seat; 15. a conveying motor; 16. a conveying motor support; 201. a rack push rod; 2011. a front end through hole; 2012. a pressure spring fixing groove; 2013. a limiting groove; 202. a shifting fork; 2021. a magnet fixing groove; 2022. seedling grabbing; 2023. a middle through hole; 2024. a front curved surface; 2025. a back curved surface; 203. a fork shaft; 204. a permanent magnet; 205. a drive motor; 206. a drive motor support; 207. an intermittent gear; 208. a gear support; 209. a gear shaft; 212. a pressure spring; 213. a pressure spring support; 214. resetting the roller; 215. resetting the roller shaft; 216. pressing down the roller; 217. pressing the roller shaft downwards; 218. pressing down the roller support; 219. a self-lubricating bearing; 221. and (4) inoculating a seedling cup.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, a high-speed automatic seedling taking and throwing device includes: put seedling mechanism 1 and get and throw seedling mechanism 2, wherein get and throw seedling mechanism 2 and install in putting seedling mechanism 1 below.

Put seedling mechanism 1 includes: the seedling containing box 11, the conveying belt 12, the carrier roller 13, the carrier roller fixing seat 14, the conveying motor 15 and the conveying motor support 16; the seedling containing box bottom 11 portion has T shape spout 111 to inside bottom surface is the design of inclined plane 112, bearing roller 13 is installed in seedling containing box 11 both sides through bearing roller fixing base 14, conveyer belt 12 is installed on bearing roller 13, and conveying motor 15 is installed on seedling containing box 11 by conveying motor support 16, and conveying motor 15 is connected with bearing roller 13 through the shaft coupling, the inboard seedling that contacts with the seedling of conveyer belt 12 guarantees that the seedling can reliably be carried following seedling mouth 113 department of getting.

Get and throw seedling mechanism 2 and include: the device comprises a rack push rod 201, a shifting fork 202, a shifting fork shaft 203, a permanent magnet 204, a driving motor 205, a driving motor support 206, an intermittent gear 207, a gear support 208, a gear shaft 209, a pressure spring 212, a pressure spring support 213, a reset roller 214, a reset roller shaft 215, a press roller 216, a press roller shaft 217, a press roller support 218 and a self-lubricating bearing 219.

The rack push rod 201 is arranged in a T-shaped sliding groove 111 at the bottom of the seedling containing box 11, the permanent magnet 204 is arranged in a magnet fixing groove 2021 of the shifting fork 202, the shifting fork 202 is arranged on the shifting fork shaft 203 through a self-lubricating bearing 219 in a middle through hole 2023, and the shifting fork shaft 203 is arranged in a front end through hole 2011 of the rack push rod 201.

The gear support 208 is arranged at the bottom of the seedling containing box 11, the intermittent gear 207 is arranged on a gear shaft 209 and is meshed with the rack push rod 201, and the gear shaft 209 is fixed on the gear support 208 by a bearing and is connected with an output shaft of the driving motor 205 through a coupler.

The pressure spring support 213 is installed at the bottom of the seedling containing box and connected with one end of the pressure spring 212, the other end of the pressure spring 212 is fixed in a pressure spring fixing groove 2012 at the rear end of the rack push rod 201, the downward pressing roller 216 is installed on the downward pressing roller support 218 through the downward pressing roller shaft 217, the downward pressing roller support 218 is installed at the seedling taking port 113 at the bottom of the seedling containing box 11, and the reset roller 214 is installed on the gear support 208 through the reset roller shaft 215.

When the seedling taking device is used, the toothless arc section part on the gap gear 207 is in contact with the tooth top of the rack push rod 201, the gap gear 207 and the rack push rod 201 are in a non-meshing state at the moment, the rack push rod 201 retracts to the leftmost end under the action of the pressure spring 212, the pressure spring 212 is in the maximum extension length, the permanent magnet 204 arranged on the shifting fork 202 is adsorbed in the limiting groove 2013, and the seedling claw 2022 of the shifting fork 202 is ensured to be in the highest seedling taking position. When the seedling box is started, the driving motor 205 drives the intermittent gear 207 to rotate clockwise, the toothed part of the intermittent gear 207 is meshed with the rack push rod 201, the rack push rod 201 is pushed forward, the pressure spring 212 is compressed, the shifting fork 202 moves forward under the driving of the rack push rod 201, the seedling claw 2022 is gradually inserted into the root of the seedling and pushes the seedling forward, and the seedling holding box is provided with the inclined surface 112 at the bottom, so that the root of the seedling is inserted into the seedling claw 2022, and the seedling cannot be damaged. When the shifting fork 202 moves to the right side and contacts the front curved surface 2024 with the pressing roller 216, the shifting fork 202 is clockwise turned by 90 degrees around the shifting fork shaft 203 under the action of the pressing roller 216, seedlings are completely pushed out from the seedling taking port 113 and thrown into the seedling receiving cup 221 below, at this time, the rack push rod 201 reaches the maximum pushing distance, the pressure spring 212 is compressed to the tightest position, the intermittent gear 207 and the rack push rod 201 start to withdraw and mesh, the toothless arc section part on the gap gear 207 contacts with the rack push rod 201, the rack push rod 201 rapidly retracts under the action of the pressure spring 212, when the back curved surface 2025 of the shifting fork 202 contacts with the resetting roller 214, the shifting fork 202 is again turned by 90 degrees, the seedling claw 2022 reaches the highest seedling taking position, and the permanent magnet 204 is adsorbed in the limiting groove 2013 and enters the next working cycle. In the working process, the left conveying belt 12 rotates clockwise in the attached figure 2, the right conveying belt 12 rotates anticlockwise, and the seedlings move downwards under the action of the conveying belts 12 on the two sides, so that the seedling taking port 113 is guaranteed to be seeded at any time, and the seedlings are prevented from being missed.

The invention can control the speed of taking and throwing the seedlings by setting the rotating speed of the driving motor so as to adapt to the requirements of different planting speeds.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-speed automatic seedling taking and throwing device is characterized by comprising a seedling placing mechanism and a seedling taking and throwing mechanism, wherein the seedling taking and throwing mechanism is arranged below the seedling placing mechanism; put seedling mechanism includes: the seedling container comprises a seedling container, a conveying belt, carrier rollers, carrier roller fixing seats, a conveying motor and a conveying motor support, wherein a T-shaped chute is arranged at the bottom of the seedling container, the inner bottom surface of the seedling container is designed to be an inclined plane, the carrier rollers are installed on two sides of the seedling container through the carrier roller fixing seats, the conveying belt is installed on the carrier rollers, the conveying motor is installed on two sides of the seedling container through the conveying motor support, and the conveying motor is connected with the carrier rollers through a coupling; get and throw seedling mechanism and include: the rack push rod is meshed with the intermittent gear, the shifting fork is installed at the front end of the rack push rod, and the pressure spring is installed at the rear end of the rack push rod.

2. The high-speed automatic seedling taking and throwing device according to claim 1, wherein the rack push rod is installed in a T-shaped chute at the bottom of the seedling containing box, a permanent magnet is installed in a magnet fixing groove of the shifting fork, the shifting fork is installed on a shifting fork shaft through a self-lubricating bearing installed in a middle through hole, and the shifting fork shaft is installed in a front end through hole of the rack push rod; the seedling box is characterized in that the gear support is arranged at the bottom of the seedling box, the gear shaft is fixed on the gear support and is connected with the driving motor through the coupler, the intermittent gear is arranged on the gear shaft, the intermittent gear is designed into a toothed part and a non-toothed part along the circumference, and the toothed part can be meshed with the rack push rod.

3. The device for automatically taking and throwing the seedlings at high speed according to claim 1, wherein the pressing rollers are mounted on a pressing roller support through pressing roller shafts, the pressing roller support is mounted at the front end of the bottom of the seedling containing box, and the reset rollers are mounted on a gear support through reset roller shafts.

4. The device of claim 1, wherein the pressure spring support is mounted at the bottom of the seedling box and connected to one end of a pressure spring, and the other end of the pressure spring is fixed in a pressure spring fixing groove at the rear end of the rack push rod.