CN112768885A - Indoor distributed antenna - Google Patents
Indoor distributed antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN112768885A CN112768885A CN202011500958.9A CN202011500958A CN112768885A CN 112768885 A CN112768885 A CN 112768885A CN 202011500958 A CN202011500958 A CN 202011500958A CN 112768885 A CN112768885 A CN 112768885A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
Abstract
The invention relates to an indoor distributed antenna, which is characterized by comprising: the horizontal polarization radiating unit is composed of two parts located on the top surface and the bottom surface of the dielectric plate, the bottom surface part comprises a circular patch, four pairs of T-shaped patches, four T-shaped patches and four parasitic patches, the top surface part is provided with a power divider dividing four by four, and the vertical polarization radiating unit comprises eight E-shaped patches, a circular hollow patch and four metal sheets connecting the circular hollow patch and the horizontal polarization radiating unit. The indoor distributed antenna has the characteristics of low cross polarization level, high port isolation, low out-of-roundness, high gain and low profile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas suitable for a wireless broadband communication system, in particular to an indoor distributed antenna.
Background
With the advent of 5G meta-year, which marks the upcoming commercialization of 5G, the frequency of communication systems has evolved towards higher frequencies. Frequency bands of 1.71GHz-2.69GHz and 3.3GHz-3.6GHz have been allocated to communication systems as 2G/3G/LTE/5G. Because 5G is not completely popularized and signals in a 3G/LTE frequency band still need to be reserved, it is necessary to research an indoor distributed antenna which can be applied to 3G/LTE/5G at the same time. The indoor distributed antenna needs a radiation mechanism with better non-circularity on the XOY plane so that each signal sink can receive a good signal, so that it is necessary to research the antenna with better non-circularity.
An indoor distributed antenna generally consists of two omnidirectional radiating elements, a vertically polarized radiating element and a horizontally polarized radiating element. The structure that the vertical polarization radiating unit uses a cone body is easy to realize, the horizontal polarization radiating unit still needs to comprise a bandwidth of 71.7% (1.7GHz-3.6GHz) of a wide frequency band such as a 2G/3G/LTE/5G frequency band, and meanwhile, the out-of-roundness of all frequency points is kept to be less than or equal to-3 dB in the whole frequency band on the basis of realizing the wide bandwidth of the antenna, the out-of-roundness is used for measuring whether the radiation of an omnidirectional antenna on an XOY plane is close to a circle, the lower out-of-roundness proves that the antenna has good radiation in all directions, and therefore the lower out-of-roundness of the wide frequency band is more difficult to design.
When the antenna is designed, the channel capacity of the antenna can be improved by adopting a dual-polarization mode, the frequency spectrum resources can be used to a greater extent, and a new difficulty, namely isolation, is simultaneously caused when dual-polarization is used. Isolation is an index for measuring mutual coupling between two antennas, and the lower the isolation is, the lower the coupling between two polarizations of the antennas is proved, and in design, the lower the mutual coupling is, the better the coupling is, so that the isolation is less than or equal to-28 dB is a requirement of industrial design, and therefore, reducing the isolation between two ports of the antennas is also a difficult point of design.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to realize an indoor distributed antenna which can simultaneously cover frequency bands of 1.71-2.69GHz and 3.3-3.6GHz and is applied to 2G/3G/LTE/5G. The antenna has the characteristics of low cross polarization level, high port isolation, low out-of-roundness, high gain and low section.
To achieve the object, an indoor distributed antenna of the present invention includes: the horizontal polarization radiating unit is composed of two parts positioned on the top surface and the bottom surface of the dielectric plate, the bottom surface part comprises a circular patch, four pairs of T-shaped patches, four T-shaped patches and four parasitic patches, and the top surface part is provided with a power divider dividing four by four; and the vertical polarization radiating unit comprises eight E-shaped patches, a circular hollow patch and four metal sheets connected with the circular hollow patch and the horizontal polarization radiating unit.
In addition, in the horizontally polarized radiation unit, the circular patches are located at the center of the bottom surface, four pairs of r-shaped patches are uniformly distributed on the top surface of the dielectric slab in a radial shape, each pair of two r-shaped patches are placed in opposite phase, the four T-shaped patches are uniformly distributed on the top surface of the dielectric slab in a radial shape, each T-shaped patch is arranged between two adjacent pairs of r-shaped patches at equal intervals, the four parasitic patches are uniformly distributed on the top surface of the dielectric slab and are respectively arranged on the radial outer sides of the four pairs of r-shaped patches, and the power divider transmits energy to the horizontally polarized radiation unit in a coupling manner.
In addition, in the vertical polarization radiating unit, the eight E-shaped patches are uniformly distributed in a radial shape with the circle center of the top surface of the dielectric slab as a starting point, and form the same included angle with the top surface, and the circular hollow patch is formed by digging six fan-shaped structures with the same size on a circular structure.
In addition, the metal sheet of the vertical polarization radiating element penetrates through the dielectric plate and is connected to the circular patch of the horizontal polarization radiating element, so that the horizontal polarization radiating element and the vertical polarization radiating element share the circular patch as a ground plane.
The invention uses the traditional single-cone vertical polarization antenna to be longitudinally cut into 8 metal sheets, retains the omnidirectional radiation property, reduces the mutual coupling with the horizontal polarization antenna, can realize wider frequency band bandwidth, and realizes better out-of-roundness by using 8E-shaped sheet metal sheets.
The invention discloses a horizontal polarization radiating element, wherein a feed network of a power divider and a radiating patch are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of a dielectric plate to form a ring current to realize an omnidirectional radiation mechanism, the power divider with one to four parts is arranged on the top surface, and the radiating patch is arranged on the bottom surface, namely, a round patch with the radius of R, four pairs of T-shaped patches which are respectively arranged at the positions of 0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree and 270 degree and are arranged in opposite directions, four T-shaped patches which are respectively arranged at the positions of 45 degree, 135 degree, 225 degree and 315 degree and four parasitic patches which are arranged at the positions of 0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree and 270 degree on the edge of the dielectric plate are used, thereby realizing broadband bandwidth and realizing better non-roundness.
The vertical polarization radiating element used by the invention is composed of eight patches which have the same shape and the same included angle with the XOY surface and are in an E-shaped structure, six fan-shaped structures with the same size are dug on the disc-shaped structure above the patch, and meanwhile, the four metal sheets are connected to the radiating patches of the horizontal polarization radiating element on the bottom surface of the dielectric plate to ensure that the radiating patches are used as the ground plane of the vertical polarization radiating element, and meanwhile, when the horizontal polarization radiating element works, the circular patches are used as the ground plane of the horizontal polarization radiating element, so that each part of the antenna can be used to the maximum extent, and meanwhile, the ground plane is enlarged and the isolation degree of the antenna is also improved.
The I-shaped patch is used as a parasitic patch of the antenna in the horizontal polarization radiating unit, so that the out-of-roundness and the matching degree of the antenna can be improved, and the bandwidth of the antenna can be further expanded.
By introducing four metal sheets as two parts of connecting the vertical polarization radiation unit and the horizontal polarization radiation unit, the radiation characteristic of the antenna vertical polarization radiation unit is improved, and better out-of-roundness is realized.
The ground plane of the horizontal polarization radiating unit is prolonged through the metal sheet, the ground plane is used for grounding the circular hollow patch at the top of the vertical polarization radiating unit, and compared with the traditional vertical polarization circular ground plane, the ground plane has the advantages of small occupied space and no need of being separated from the horizontal polarization ground plane, so that the integral integration level of the antenna is higher, and the height is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing the overall structure of an indoor distribution antenna according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of two sides of a horizontally polarized radiating element of an indoor distributed antenna according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a vertical polarization radiating element of an indoor distributed antenna according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a graph of simulated S-parameters for an indoor distributed antenna according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a gain diagram of an indoor distributed antenna according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the out-of-roundness of an indoor distributed antenna according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a diagram of two polarization patterns of an indoor distributed antenna according to the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1: vertical polarization radiation unit 2: horizontal polarization radiating element
3: the dielectric plate 11: e-shaped paster
12: circular fretwork paster 13: metal sheet
21: circular patch 22: t-shaped paster
23: t-shaped patch 24: parasitic patch
25: power divider
Detailed Description
These embodiments are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can fully implement the present invention. It is to be understood that the various embodiments of the invention, although different from one another, are not mutually exclusive. For example, particular shapes, structures and characteristics described herein are associated with one embodiment and may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Moreover, the position or arrangement of the individual components in the embodiments may be changed without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily practice the invention.
Fig. 1 shows an overall structure of an indoor distributed antenna according to the present invention. The indoor distributed antenna comprises a vertical polarization radiating element 1 and a horizontal polarization radiating element 2 which are coaxially arranged, wherein the horizontal polarization radiating element 2 is composed of a top surface part and a bottom surface part which are positioned on the front surface and the back surface of a PCB of an FR4 (epoxy glass cloth laminated board) dielectric plate 3, and the specific structure of the indoor distributed antenna is shown in figure 2.
Fig. 2 (a) is a bottom surface portion of the horizontally polarized cell 2, and (b) is a top surface portion of the horizontally polarized cell 2, and the radiation patch of the bottom surface portion includes: a circular patch 21 of radius R; four pairs of T-shaped patches 22 are uniformly distributed at the positions of 0 degrees, 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees along the clockwise direction by taking the X axis as the reference, and each pair of two T-shaped patches 22 are placed in opposite phase; the four T-shaped patches 23 are uniformly distributed at the positions of 45 degrees, 135 degrees, 225 degrees and 315 degrees along the clockwise direction by taking the X axis as a reference; and four parasitic patches 24 uniformly distributed at 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, and 270 ° on the edge of the dielectric plate 3 in the clockwise direction with the X axis as a reference, and having an i-shaped structure. These patches 21, 22, 23, 24 constitute the radiating arms of the horizontally polarized radiating element 2. In addition, a one-to-four power divider 25 is used on the top surface of the dielectric plate 3 to transmit energy to the radiation arms of the horizontal polarized radiation unit 2 in a coupling manner, so that the currents of the radiation arms form a loop, and an omnidirectional radiation pattern is realized.
Fig. 3 is a detailed structural view of the vertical polarization radiating element 1 according to the present invention, and fig. 3 (a) shows a first part and (b) shows a second part, the first part being formed of eight E-shaped patches 11 having the same shape and the same angle with the XOY plane, and impedance matching can be improved by using the E-shaped patches 11. The second part of the vertical polarization radiating element 1 uses the radiating patch of the horizontal polarization radiating element 2 as a ground plane and is connected to the circular hollow patch 12 through four metal sheets 13, the circular hollow patch 12 is formed by digging six fan-shaped structures with the same size on the circular structure, and the radiation pattern of the vertical polarization radiating element 1 is improved.
FIG. 4 is a simulated S parameter (scattering parameter) plot of an indoor distributed antenna of the present invention, wherein the impedance bandwidth (S)11≤-10dB、S22Less than or equal to-10 dB) is 76.4 percent (1.7GHz-3.8GHz), S11Represents horizontal polarization, S22Represents vertical polarization, S21Indicating the degree of isolation. As can be seen in the figure, the separation S21Less than-28.3 dB and high isolation.
Fig. 5 is a gain diagram of the indoor distributed antenna according to the present invention, and it can be seen that the variation range of the gain of the horizontal polarization radiating unit 2 in the effective frequency band is 2.5dBi-4.5dBi, the variation range of the gain of the vertical polarization radiating unit 1 in the effective frequency band is 2.2dBi-4.8dBi, and the variation amount of the gain of both polarizations in the effective frequency band is less than 3dB, which satisfies the requirement of industrial design.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the non-circularity of the indoor distributed antenna according to the present invention, where (a) of fig. 6 shows the non-circularity of the horizontal polarization and (b) shows the non-circularity of the vertical polarization. The out-of-roundness is the fluctuation of antenna gain on an XOY plane radiation pattern, and the out-of-roundness of two polarizations is larger than-3 dBi according to graphs, so that the requirement of industrial design is met.
Fig. 7 is a diagram of two polarization patterns of the indoor distributed antenna according to the present invention, from which it can be seen that the XOY plane has a better omnidirectional characteristic, and the cross polarization is less than-19 dB.
As described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but various modifications and changes can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and changes fall within the scope of the present invention and the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. An indoor distributed antenna, comprising:
the horizontal polarization radiating unit is composed of two parts positioned on the top surface and the bottom surface of the dielectric plate, the bottom surface part comprises a circular patch, four pairs of T-shaped patches, four T-shaped patches and four parasitic patches, and the top surface part is provided with a power divider dividing four by four;
and the vertical polarization radiating unit comprises eight E-shaped patches, a circular hollow patch and four metal sheets connected with the circular hollow patch and the horizontal polarization radiating unit.
2. Indoor distributed antenna according to claim 1,
in the horizontally polarized radiation element in question,
the circular patch is positioned at the central part of the bottom surface,
the four pairs of the reverse L-shaped patches are uniformly distributed on the top surface of the dielectric slab in a radial shape, and each pair of two reverse L-shaped patches are placed in a reversed phase,
the four T-shaped patches are uniformly distributed on the top surface of the dielectric slab in a radial shape, and each T-shaped patch is arranged between two pairs of adjacent T-shaped patches at equal intervals,
the four parasitic patches are uniformly distributed on the top surface of the dielectric slab and are respectively arranged at the radial outer sides of the four pairs of T-shaped patches,
and the power divider transmits energy to the horizontal polarization radiation unit in a coupling mode.
3. Indoor distributed antenna according to claim 1,
in the case of the vertically polarized radiation element,
the eight E-shaped patches are uniformly distributed in a radial shape by taking the circle center of the top surface of the dielectric slab as a starting point and form the same included angle with the top surface,
the circular hollow patch is formed by digging six fan-shaped structures with the same size on a circular structure.
4. Indoor distributed antenna according to claim 2 or 3,
the metal sheet of the vertical polarization radiating element penetrates through the dielectric plate and is connected to the circular patch of the horizontal polarization radiating element, so that the circular patch is shared by the horizontal polarization radiating element and the vertical polarization radiating element to serve as a ground plane.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011500958.9A CN112768885B (en) | 2020-12-17 | 2020-12-17 | Indoor distributed antenna |
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| CN202011500958.9A CN112768885B (en) | 2020-12-17 | 2020-12-17 | Indoor distributed antenna |
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| CN112768885A true CN112768885A (en) | 2021-05-07 |
| CN112768885B CN112768885B (en) | 2023-10-03 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113300114A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-08-24 | 山西大学 | Omnidirectional vertical polarization antenna with increased horizontal plane gain |
| CN114336033A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-04-12 | 南通大学 | Ultra-wideband blade-shaped vertical polarization omnidirectional antenna |
| CN116914427A (en) * | 2023-08-07 | 2023-10-20 | 南通大学 | Ultra-wideband low-profile vertical polarization omnidirectional antenna applied to indoor subsystem |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113300114A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-08-24 | 山西大学 | Omnidirectional vertical polarization antenna with increased horizontal plane gain |
| CN114336033A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-04-12 | 南通大学 | Ultra-wideband blade-shaped vertical polarization omnidirectional antenna |
| CN116914427A (en) * | 2023-08-07 | 2023-10-20 | 南通大学 | Ultra-wideband low-profile vertical polarization omnidirectional antenna applied to indoor subsystem |
| CN116914427B (en) * | 2023-08-07 | 2024-03-15 | 中天通信技术有限公司 | Ultra-wideband low-profile vertical polarization omnidirectional antenna applied to indoor subsystem |
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| CN112768885B (en) | 2023-10-03 |
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