CN112763139A - Balancing device and method for rotating body - Google Patents

Balancing device and method for rotating body Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112763139A
CN112763139A CN201910999315.4A CN201910999315A CN112763139A CN 112763139 A CN112763139 A CN 112763139A CN 201910999315 A CN201910999315 A CN 201910999315A CN 112763139 A CN112763139 A CN 112763139A
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balancing
collection
vibrational
rotating body
acquisition
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詹尼·特里恩菲蒂
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Balance Systems SRL
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Balance Systems SRL
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M1/00—Testing static or dynamic balance of machines or structures
    • G01M1/14—Determining imbalance
    • G01M1/16—Determining imbalance by oscillating or rotating the body to be tested
    • G01M1/22—Determining imbalance by oscillating or rotating the body to be tested and converting vibrations due to imbalance into electric variables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M1/00—Testing static or dynamic balance of machines or structures
    • G01M1/30—Compensating imbalance

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Testing Of Balance (AREA)

Abstract

本公开涉及旋转本体的平衡装置及方法。具体地，提供了一种平衡装置(1)，包括采集器具(2)，该采集器具适于检测由旋转本体(4)在旋转期间产生的振动应力，其中，采集器具(2)被构造为允许检测沿着至少两个相互不相交的采集方向的振动应力。

Figure 201910999315

The present disclosure relates to a balancing apparatus and method for a rotating body. In particular, a balancing device (1) is provided, comprising a collection device (2) adapted to detect vibrational stresses generated by a rotating body (4) during rotation, wherein the collection device (2) is configured such that Allows detection of vibrational stress along at least two mutually disjoint acquisition directions.

Figure 201910999315

Description

Balancing device and method for rotating body
Technical Field
The invention relates to a balancing device and a method.
In particular, the invention relates to a device comprising a special vibration detection system to allow an optimal balancing of the rotating body.
Background
As is well known, balancing devices for rotating bodies generally use sensors to measure the imbalance of the rotating body in order to correct the imbalance. These sensors are typically accelerometers adapted to measure vibrations.
The sensor(s) for detecting any vibrations to which the rotating body is subjected are generally arranged on the outer surface of the rotating body and are adapted to evaluate the vibrations in the radial direction with respect to the rotating body. Thus, the vibration sensor operates substantially perpendicular to the rotational axis of the body in a preferred direction.
Once the vibrations are detected during rotation, the degree of unbalance experienced by the rotating body can be evaluated radially. Once the unbalance is determined, the balancing masses housed in the rotating body can be controlled so as to exert an action opposite to the unbalance, so as to eliminate or in any case reduce the vibrations associated with the body within pre-established tolerance limits.
Said prior art has several major drawbacks.
In some applications for machine tools, in particular grinding machines, in particular for gears, the above-mentioned prior art may not be optimal due to the variable position of the rotating body.
A major drawback of the prior art is therefore that it does not allow in any case to achieve a very high and almost optimal balancing efficiency of the rotating body, except in some very specific cases.
Furthermore, in machines employing a rotating body with variable position, the cutting direction may depend on the workpiece to be machined, e.g. the shape of the gear tooth profile, and therefore, optimization of the use of a single-axis sensor may only be made for specific positions.
In order to adapt the machine to different positions, the optimization should be repeated for each type of body or position and the sensors will need to be physically repositioned. However, this is not feasible on this type of automatic machine.
Disclosure of Invention
Against this background, the technical task underlying the present invention is to devise a balancing device for rotating bodies that is able to substantially eliminate at least some of the above-mentioned drawbacks.
Within the scope of said technical aim, an important object of the present invention is to provide a balancing device that enables a high precision balancing of the rotating body.
Another important object of the present invention is to provide a balancing device which allows to effectively balance the unbalance due to the vibrations undergone by the rotating body in a very short time.
In summary, an important object of the present invention is to provide a device that is able to adapt itself to different types of positions according to the body being processed, without requiring physical repositioning.
The technical purpose and the specific objects are achieved by the following solution of the balancing device and method to be protected.
In one aspect of the present application, there is provided a balancing apparatus comprising: acquisition means adapted to detect the vibratory stresses generated by the rotating body during rotation and configured to allow the detection of said vibratory stresses along at least two mutually non-intersecting acquisition directions, processing means comprising a plurality of communication channels adapted to connect said acquisition means and said processing means and each of said communication channels being associated with a vibratory stress in each of said acquisition directions, and the position of said processing means with respect to said device, when applicable, weighting an input signal relating to said vibratory stresses, thereby selecting said vibratory stresses.
Preferably, the collecting means are configured to allow detection of the vibrational stress along three mutually perpendicular collecting directions defining an ordered triad.
Preferably, the device comprises balancing means defining a balancing axis and adapted to allow said rotating body to be balanced about said balancing axis, wherein said two acquisition directions define an acquisition plane perpendicular to said balancing axis.
Preferably, the acquisition instrument comprises a sensor configured to detect a component along all the acquisition directions of the vibratory stress.
Preferably, the acquisition instrument comprises a single sensor for each of the acquisition directions.
Preferably, the sensor is a three-axis accelerometer.
Preferably, each of the communication channels comprises a switch and a potentiometer.
In another aspect of the present application, there is provided a method for balancing a rotating body comprising a balancing device, the balancing device comprising: acquisition means adapted to detect vibratory stresses generated by the rotating body during rotation along at least two mutually non-intersecting acquisition directions, balancing means defining a balancing axis and adapted to allow the rotating body to be balanced about the balancing axis, treatment means operatively connected to the acquisition means and to the balancing means, the treatment means being configured to operate the balancing means so as to compensate for the vibratory stresses, and the method comprising: an acquisition step in which the acquisition instrument detects the vibratory stress along the acquisition direction; and a selection step, wherein, when applicable, the position of the treatment appliance relative to the device weights the input signal with respect to the vibratory stress, thereby selecting the vibratory stress.
Preferably, said treatment means comprise a plurality of communication channels, each associated with a vibratory stress in each of said acquisition directions, suitable for connecting said acquisition means to said treatment means and comprising a switch and a potentiometer, and in said selection step, said treatment means allow to exclude, include or adjust said vibratory stress.
Preferably, the method comprises a calculation step wherein each of said vibratory stresses is vectorially increased to define a resulting vibratory stress.
Drawings
The features and benefits of the present invention will be clarified in the following detailed description of some preferred embodiments of the invention, with reference to the attached drawings, wherein:
fig. 1 shows a functional diagram of a balancing device according to the invention; and
fig. 2 shows a diagram of a treatment appliance (means) of the balancing device according to the invention.
Detailed Description
Herein, measurements, values, shapes and geometric references (such as perpendicularity and parallelism) will be understood to mean in addition to measurement errors or inaccuracies due to manufacturing and/or fabrication errors, and most importantly, in addition to slight deviations in the values, measurements, shapes or geometric references associated therewith, when used with words such as "about" or other similar terms such as "approximately" or "substantially". For example, if associated with a value, these terms preferably indicate a deviation of no more than 10% from the stated value.
Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," "higher," "lower," "primary," and "secondary," when used, do not necessarily identify an order, priority relationship, or relative position, but may simply be used to more clearly distinguish one component from another.
Unless otherwise indicated, the measurements and data contained herein are to be considered as being made in the ICAO International Standard atmosphere (ISO2533: 1975).
With reference to the figures, a balancing device according to the invention is indicated as a whole by the reference numeral 1.
The device 1 is preferably adapted to be associated with a processor acting on the rotating body 4.
The rotating body 4 may be of any type, such as a spindle carrying a working tool (e.g. a grinding wheel) and may be adapted to interact with a rotating shaft comprising one or more gears or other workpieces that are typically being worked on. The processing machine may thus be a grinding machine or another type of machine suitable for performing, for example, a removal process using the rotating body 4.
The device 1 preferably also comprises acquisition means (acquisition means) 2.
The collecting appliance 2 is adapted to detect the vibrational stresses generated by the rotating body 4 during rotation. Thus, these vibratory stresses may extend in any direction. For example, these vibratory stresses may extend radially with respect to the rotating body 4, or these vibratory stresses may generate a component substantially parallel to the rotating body 4 itself.
Preferably, the acquisition means 2 are configured so as to allow the detection of the vibratory stresses along at least two acquisition directions that do not intersect one another.
In more detail, the acquisition instrument 2 is configured so as to allow the detection of the vibratory stresses along three mutually perpendicular acquisition directions defining an ordered triad.
To detect stress in different directions, the collecting device 2 may comprise one or more sensors 20.
The sensor 20 is a sensor adapted to detect vibrational stress in at least one acquisition direction. It is preferably an accelerometer.
The device 1 may therefore comprise a plurality of sensors 20 for each acquisition direction, essentially sensors 20 having a single component specifically dedicated to the vibratory stress.
Otherwise, the device 1 may comprise a sensor 20 configured to detect components along all acquisition directions of the stress.
In detail, the sensor 20 is preferably a multi-axis accelerometer, more preferably a two-axis accelerometer, most preferably a three-axis accelerometer. An example of such a sensor is given by a PCB-IMI accelerometer model 354C 03.
Suitably, the sensor 20 is arranged on the rotating body 4 and moves integrally with it, so as to record all the vibrations of the rotating body 4 itself.
The device 1 further comprises balancing means 3.
The balancing appliance 3 is a balancing head known in the art and may comprise various types of technology.
For example, the balancing head may be of the type described in the applicant's patent application EP-A-12187044.
In general, a balancing head is a device adapted to compensate for any vibrational stresses to which the rotating body 4 is subjected by compensating for a movable mass that is force unbalanced.
The balancing appliance 3 is then arranged inside the rotational axis of the rotational body 4 or at the rotational axis of the rotational body 4, or even outside thereof.
Preferably, the balancing appliance 3 defines a balancing axis 3 a.
The balancing axis 3a substantially corresponds to the axis of rotation of the rotating body 4 and is the axis about which the balancing mass moves.
Preferably, therefore, the balancing appliance 3 is adapted to balance the rotating body 4 around the balancing axis 3 a.
Thus, the at least two acquisition directions of the acquisition instrument 2 preferably define an acquisition plane perpendicular to the balancing axis 3 a.
If the acquisition instrument 2 defines an ordered triad, an acquisition direction may suitably correspond to the equilibrium axis 3 a.
The device 1 further comprises a treatment instrument 5.
The processing means 5 are operatively connected to the collecting means 2 and the balancing means 3. In particular, the treatment appliance is configured to operate the balancing appliance 3 to compensate for the vibrational stress.
The treatment appliance 5 is also substantially known in the art and may include computer, CNC and other common technologies.
In detail, the processing means 5 preferably comprise a plurality of communication channels (communications channels).
The communication channel consists of an electronic connection connecting the acquisition appliance and the balancing appliance 3. In particular, they connect the sensor 20 to the treatment appliance 5.
Furthermore, each communication channel is preferably associated with a single acquisition direction. In this way, the signals relating to the vibratory stress arrive at the processing means 5 which are divided into separate channels. However, additional electronics may be provided to ensure that the components are mixed outside the processing means 5, thereby only allowing one or more resulting signals to be brought to the processing means 5.
Preferably, each communication channel comprises at least one switch and one potentiometer. These switches and potentiometers may be analog or digital.
The processing means 5 may substantially exclude signals relating to a particular channel or may attenuate the signals with a potentiometer.
The processing means 5 are thus able to weight the input signal with respect to the vibratory stress with respect to the position of the device 1.
In particular, the treatment appliance 5 can substantially select the important (relevant) vibrational stress.
Preferably, the treatment means 5 select the vibratory stress acting perpendicular to the balancing axis 3 a. They may simply select these stresses if desired.
In any case, the treatment means 5 allow to exclude, include or adjust each vibratory stress, or more precisely, to exclude, include or adjust the component associated with the total vibratory stress in the acquisition direction.
The invention comprises a new method for balancing a rotating body 4.
In particular, the method comprises the device 1 and at least an acquisition step and a selection step.
In the acquisition step, the acquisition instrument 3 detects the vibrational stress along the acquisition direction, regardless of whether the acquisition direction is one, two, three, or more.
In the selection step, the treatment tool 5 selects the vibrational stress acting in a preferred direction, for example, perpendicular to the balance axis 3 a. In this way, the important actual component can be defined relative to the rotating body 4 in such a way that the balancing appliance 3 can move proportionally.
In addition, during the selection step, the treatment appliance 5 may exclude, include or adjust each vibrational stress. Thus, depending on the position of the device 1, the individual components along the acquisition direction can be weighted manually by the operator or automatically by the processing means 5.
Alternatively or additionally, the method may further comprise a calculation step wherein the resulting vibrational stress is determined by a vector sum.
The balancing device 1 according to the invention achieves significant advantages.
In fact, the device 1 is able to follow practically every working position of the working machine without having to position the sensor 20 manually according to the position of the machine.
The resulting advantage is therefore that the device allows very effective balancing with very short balancing times during processing.
The device 1 allows to obtain a very high precision of the balancing due to the fact that: any vibration outside the cross-section can be correctly evaluated and balanced by taking into account only the components in the plane, i.e. those components that are important and on which the balancing mass inside the balancing head can act.
The invention is susceptible of variations falling within the scope of the inventive concept defined by the claims.
In this context, all the details may be replaced by equivalent elements, and the materials, shapes and sizes may be any.

Claims (10)

1.一种平衡装置(1)，包括：1. A balancing device (1), comprising: -采集器具(2)，其适于检测由旋转本体(4)在旋转期间产生的振动应力，并且被构造为允许检测沿着至少两个相互不相交的采集方向的所述振动应力，- a collection device (2) adapted to detect vibrational stresses generated by the rotating body (4) during rotation and configured to allow detection of said vibrational stresses along at least two mutually disjoint collection directions, -处理器具(5)，其包括多个通信信道，所述通信信道适于连接所述采集器具(2)和所述处理器具(5)，- a treatment instrument (5) comprising a plurality of communication channels adapted to connect the collection instrument (2) and the treatment instrument (5), 且其特征在于，and is characterized in that, -每个所述通信信道与每个所述采集方向上的振动应力相关联，以及- each of said communication channels is associated with vibrational stress in each of said acquisition directions, and -在适用时，所述处理器具(5)相对于所述装置(1)的位置对关于所述振动应力的输入信号进行加权，从而选择所述振动应力。- Where applicable, the position of the treatment tool (5) relative to the device (1) weights the input signal with respect to the vibrational stress so as to select the vibrational stress. 2.根据权利要求1所述的装置(1)，其中，所述采集器具(2)被构造成允许检测沿着限定有序三元组的三个相互垂直的采集方向的所述振动应力。2. Apparatus (1) according to claim 1, wherein the acquisition device (2) is configured to allow detection of the vibrational stress along three mutually perpendicular acquisition directions defining an ordered triplet. 3.根据至少一项前述权利要求所述的装置(1)，包括平衡器具(3)，该平衡器具限定平衡轴线(3a)并适于允许所述旋转本体(4)围绕所述平衡轴线(3a)平衡，其中，所述两个采集方向限定垂直于所述平衡轴线(3a)的采集平面。3. The device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, comprising a balance device (3) defining a balance axis (3a) and adapted to allow the rotating body (4) to surround the balance axis ( 3a) Balance, wherein the two collection directions define a collection plane perpendicular to the balance axis (3a). 4.根据至少一项前述权利要求所述的装置(1)，其中，所述采集器具(2)包括传感器(20)，所述传感器被构造为检测沿着所述振动应力的所有所述采集方向的分量。4. The device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the collection means (2) comprises a sensor (20) configured to detect all the collections along the vibrational stress component of the direction. 5.根据至少一项前述权利要求所述的装置(1)，其中，所述采集器具(2)包括用于所述采集方向中的每个的单个传感器(20)。5. The device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the collection means (2) comprise a single sensor (20) for each of the collection directions. 6.根据至少一项前述权利要求所述的装置(1)，其中，所述传感器(20)是三轴加速度计。6. The device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the sensor (20) is a triaxial accelerometer. 7.根据至少一项前述权利要求所述的装置(1)，其中，所述通信信道中的每个包括开关和电位计。7. The device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein each of the communication channels comprises a switch and a potentiometer. 8.一种用于平衡包括平衡装置(1)的旋转本体(4)的方法，所述平衡装置包括：8. A method for balancing a rotating body (4) comprising a balancing device (1) comprising: -采集器具(2)，其适于检测由所述旋转本体(4)在旋转期间沿着至少两个相互不相交的采集方向产生的振动应力，- a collection device (2) adapted to detect vibrational stresses generated by said rotating body (4) during rotation along at least two mutually disjoint collection directions, -平衡器具(3)，其限定平衡轴线(3a)并适于允许所述旋转本体(4)围绕所述平衡轴线(3a)平衡，- a balancing device (3) defining a balancing axis (3a) and adapted to allow the rotating body (4) to balance around said balancing axis (3a), -处理器具(5)，其操作性地连接到所述采集器具(2)和所述平衡器具(3)，所述处理器具被构造为操作所述平衡器具(3)，以补偿所述振动应力，- a treatment instrument (5) operatively connected to the collection instrument (2) and the balancing instrument (3), the treatment instrument being configured to operate the balancing instrument (3) to compensate for the vibrations stress, 并且所述方法的特征在于，所述方法包括：And the method is characterized in that, the method includes: -采集步骤，其中，所述采集器具(2)检测沿着所述采集方向的所述振动应力；以及- a collection step, wherein the collection device (2) detects the vibrational stress along the collection direction; and -选择步骤，其中，在适用时，所述处理器具(5)相对于所述装置(1)的位置对关于所述振动应力的输入信号进行加权，从而选择所述振动应力。- a selection step, wherein, where applicable, the position of the treatment tool (5) relative to the device (1) weights the input signal with respect to the vibrational stress so as to select the vibrational stress. 9.根据前述权利要求所述的方法，其中，所述处理器具(5)包括多个通信信道，每个通信信道与每个所述采集方向上的振动应力相关联，适于将所述采集器具(2)连接到所述处理器具(5)并包括开关和电位计，并且在所述选择步骤中，所述处理器具(5)允许排除、包括或调整所述振动应力。9. The method according to the preceding claim, wherein the treatment tool (5) comprises a plurality of communication channels, each communication channel being associated with vibrational stress in each of the acquisition directions, adapted to convert the acquisition An appliance (2) is connected to the treatment instrument (5) and includes a switch and a potentiometer, and in the selection step, the treatment instrument (5) allows to exclude, include or adjust the vibrational stress. 10.根据前述权利要求所述的方法，包括计算步骤，其中，所述振动应力中的每个被矢量地增加以限定所产生的振动应力。10. A method according to the preceding claim, comprising a calculation step, wherein each of the vibrational stresses is vectorially increased to define the resulting vibrational stress.
CN201910999315.4A 2019-10-21 2019-10-21 Balancing device and method for rotating body Pending CN112763139A (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160084727A1 (en) * 2014-09-23 2016-03-24 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Apparatus and method for dynamically balancing rotors
CN107206399A (en) * 2014-11-12 2017-09-26 安德烈亚斯海蒂诗两合公司 Centrifuge and for detecting the unbalanced method of centrifuge
US20180120191A1 (en) * 2016-11-01 2018-05-03 Dominion Technologies Group, Inc. Crankshaft balancer machine
CN110320038A (en) * 2018-03-30 2019-10-11 大隈株式会社 Abnormal diagnosis method and abnormal diagnosis device of rolling bearing

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160084727A1 (en) * 2014-09-23 2016-03-24 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Apparatus and method for dynamically balancing rotors
CN107206399A (en) * 2014-11-12 2017-09-26 安德烈亚斯海蒂诗两合公司 Centrifuge and for detecting the unbalanced method of centrifuge
US20180120191A1 (en) * 2016-11-01 2018-05-03 Dominion Technologies Group, Inc. Crankshaft balancer machine
CN110320038A (en) * 2018-03-30 2019-10-11 大隈株式会社 Abnormal diagnosis method and abnormal diagnosis device of rolling bearing

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