CN112762435A

CN112762435A - A kind of burner

Info

Publication number: CN112762435A
Application number: CN201910997454.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王春明
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-10-21
Filing date: 2019-10-21
Publication date: 2021-05-07

Abstract

The invention discloses a combustor, which comprises a central pipe, a rotational flow air pipe, a coal air pipe, an inner axial flow air pipe and an outer axial flow air pipe which are sleeved together from inside to outside, wherein the coal air pipe is formed by rotationally splicing a short pipe body at the front end and a long pipe body at the rear end, a plurality of V-shaped air deflectors are arranged on the outer wall of the short pipe body along the circumferential direction, the sharp ends of the V-shaped air deflectors face the long pipe body, the opening end of the V-shaped air deflectors faces the outlet of the combustor, two plate bodies forming the V-shaped air deflectors respectively expand outwards in a concave arc surface at two sides, a plurality of partition plates are arranged on the outer wall of the long pipe body along the axial direction, a plurality of axial isolation air channels are isolated through the partition plates, and the front end of each isolation air channel is opposite to. The burner can fully mix the sprayed air flow, and can fully change the flame shape by changing the spraying state of the high-speed air, so that the pulverized coal can be fully combusted under different process conditions and coal quality.

Description

A kind of burner

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of rotary kiln burners, in particular to a burner.

Background

The burner is used as an ejector in a rotary kiln for cement production, and high-speed air and coal powder are simultaneously ejected from the burner and then are combusted at the outlet of the burner to generate high-temperature flame. The initial burners are mostly simple single-air-channel or double-air-channel pulverized coal burners which are mostly large and have long black fire heads and low combustion efficiency; three-air-channel and four-air-channel combustors are developed in the 80 s and 90 s in succession, so that the combustion efficiency is greatly improved, but the problems that air supply is not stable enough and the shape and temperature of flame cannot be adjusted still exist, and when the production environment and the process conditions are changed or the coal quality is changed, the shape of the flame cannot be correspondingly adjusted, so that the pulverized coal cannot be completely combusted; some existing combustors are provided with axial moving devices on a pipeline, and the high-speed wind spraying angle can be changed through the axial movement of the pipeline, so that the change of the flame shape is realized.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a novel burner aiming at the problem that the flame shape of the existing burner is difficult to change, the burner guides the angle and the air quantity of high-speed air sprayed from the burner by arranging an isolation air duct and a V-shaped air deflector, vortex-type hedging can be carried out from the crossed direction when the high-speed air is sprayed out, so that the air flow is mixed more uniformly, and the air quantity of the high-speed air sprayed out from different angles can be changed when the angles of the isolation air duct and the V-shaped air deflector are changed, so that the state of the air flow after the cross hedging is changed, the flame shape is fully changed, the flame shape is adapted to the change of process conditions or coal quality, and the pulverized coal is combusted more fully.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a burner comprises a central tube, a rotational flow air tube, a coal air tube, an inner axial flow air tube and an outer axial flow air tube which are sleeved together from inside to outside, wherein the front end of the rotational flow air tube is provided with a cyclone, the cyclone is provided with a plurality of inclined rotational flow air branch channels, the inclination angle of the rotational flow air branch channels is 20-50 degrees, the rear end of the rotational flow air tube is provided with an expansion joint for driving the rotational flow air tube to expand and contract in the axial direction, the coal air tube is formed by rotationally splicing a front short tube body and a rear long tube body, the outer wall of the short tube body is uniformly provided with a plurality of V-shaped air deflectors along the circumferential direction, the tips of the V-shaped air deflectors face the long tube body, the opening end faces the outlet of the burner, two plate bodies forming the V-shaped air deflectors respectively expand outwards in a concave arc surface at two sides, and the short tube body, the V-, the long pipe body is provided with a plurality of isolation plates on the outer wall of one end, facing the short pipe body, of the short pipe body in the circumferential direction, the isolation plates are rectangular plates and are fixed in a state perpendicular to the wall of the long pipe body in the axial direction, the isolation plates isolate a plurality of isolation air channels between the long pipe body and the inner axial flow air pipe, and the front end outlet of each isolation air channel faces the tip end of one V-shaped air deflector.

According to an embodiment of the invention, for the burner, an oil gun channel is formed in the central tube, a rotational flow air channel is formed between the central tube and the rotational flow air tube, a coal air channel is formed between the rotational flow air tube and the coal air tube, an inner axial flow air channel is formed between the coal air tube and the inner axial flow air tube, and an outer axial flow air channel is formed between the inner axial flow air tube and the outer axial flow air tube.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, for the burner, an inner air inlet, a coal air inlet and an outer air inlet are provided outside the burner, and the inner air inlet, the coal air inlet and the outer air inlet are respectively communicated with the swirling air duct, the coal air duct and the inner axial flow air duct, and the inner axial flow air duct is provided with a diversion port for diverting the inner axial flow air to the outer axial flow air duct.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, for the burner, the height of the partition plate is the same as the distance between the coal air duct and the inner axial flow air duct.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, for the burner, an included angle between two plate bodies forming the V-shaped air deflector and the rear end ring opening of the short pipe body is 60 to 75 °.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the burner is characterized in that a flame retardant portion formed by pouring a high temperature resistant material is provided on an outer periphery of a front end of the outer axial flow duct.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the burner provided by the invention guides the angle and the air volume of high-speed air sprayed from the burner through the isolation air channel and the V-shaped air guide plate, when the high-speed air reaches the tip end of the V-shaped air guide plate from the isolation air channel, the high-speed air is divided by the V-shaped air guide plate to be divided into two parts and respectively sprayed out from the outlet of the burner in a forward rotating state and a reverse rotating state from two sides of the V-shaped air guide plate, the high-speed air sprayed out from an opening formed between two adjacent V-shaped air guide plates carries out vortex type opposite flushing in a crossed mode, so that air flow is mixed more uniformly, after a long pipe body at the rear end of a coal air pipe is rotated, the orientation angles of the isolation air channel and the V-shaped air guide plate are changed, the air volume of the high-speed air sprayed out from the forward rotating direction and the reverse rotating direction can be changed, so that the air flow state after the cross opposite flushing is changed, and the flame, the coal powder combustion device is used for adapting to the change of process conditions or coal quality, so that the coal powder is more fully combusted.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of each of the ducts and ducts of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a front end view of the coal air duct and the inner axial flow duct of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the state of the change of the forward and backward rotation and the reverse rotation air volume before and after the rotation of the long pipe body according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a swirler at the front end of a swirling air duct before adjustment in the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the cyclone at the front end of the cyclone duct according to the present invention after adjustment;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the front end face of the present invention;

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-7, the present invention provides a technical solution: a burner comprises a central tube 1, a rotational flow air tube 2, a coal air tube 3, an inner axial flow air tube 4 and an outer axial flow air tube 5 which are sleeved together from inside to outside as shown in figure 1, wherein the front end of the rotational flow air tube 2 is provided with a swirler 21, the swirler 21 is provided with a plurality of inclined rotational flow air branch channels 22, the inclination angle of the rotational flow air branch channels 22 is 20-50 degrees, the rear end of the rotational flow air tube is provided with an expansion joint for driving the rotational flow air tube to expand and contract in the axial direction, the coal air tube 3 is formed by rotatably splicing a short tube body 19 at the front end and a long tube body 20 at the rear end, the outer wall of the short tube body 19 is uniformly provided with a plurality of V-shaped air deflectors 6 along the circumferential direction, the tip ends of the V-shaped air deflectors 6 face the long tube body 20, the opening ends face the burner outlet, and two plate bodies forming the V-shaped air deflectors 6 respectively, the short tube body 19, the V-shaped air deflector 6 and the inner axial flow air pipe 4 are fixed into a whole, the long tube body 20 is provided with a plurality of partition plates 7 on the outer wall of one end, facing the short tube body 19, of the long tube body 20 along the circumferential direction, the partition plates 7 are rectangular plates and are fixed in a state of being perpendicular to the tube wall of the long tube body 20 along the axial direction, the partition plates 7 partition a plurality of partition air channels 8 between the long tube body 20 and the inner axial flow air pipe 4, and the front end outlet of each partition air channel 8 faces the tip end of one V-shaped air deflector 6.

As shown in fig. 3, the tip end of the V-shaped air deflector 6 faces the rear end of the burner, the opening end faces the outlet of the burner, the V-shaped air deflector 6, the short tube body 19 and the inner axial flow air duct 4 are fixed into a whole, a plurality of high-speed air outlets are partitioned at the front ends of the coal air duct 3 and the inner axial flow air duct 4 by the V-shaped air deflector 6, and each high-speed air outlet is located between two adjacent V-shaped air deflectors 6; the long pipe 20 at the rear end of the coal air pipe 3 is rotatably connected with the short pipe 19 at the front end, so that the long pipe 20 can rotate freely.

An annular high-speed air duct is arranged between the coal air duct 3 and the inner axial flow air duct 4, as shown in fig. 4, a plurality of axial isolation air ducts 8 are isolated by a plurality of isolation plates 7 axially arranged on the outer wall of the long tube body 20, the front end of each isolation air duct 8 faces the tip of one V-shaped air deflector 6, high-speed air advances in the high-speed air duct between the coal air duct 3 and the inner axial flow air duct 4, when reaching the isolation plates 7, the high-speed air enters each isolation air duct 8 and continues to advance in the isolation air ducts 8 until the high-speed air is ejected from the front end opening of the isolation air duct 8, the tips of the V-shaped air deflectors 6 face the front end opening of the isolation air ducts 8, so that the ejected high-speed air is divided into two streams by the V-shaped air deflectors 6, wherein one stream of the high-speed air is ejected from the combustor outlet in a forward rotating direction along the plate body on one side of the V-shaped air deflectors 6, the other high-speed wind is ejected from the outlet of the burner along the reverse-rotating direction of the plate body on the other side of the V-shaped air deflector 6, under the condition, the normal-rotating wind and the reverse-cyclone wind are ejected from the same high-speed wind outlet between two adjacent V-shaped air deflectors 6, and the two wind flows are in vortex-type hedging in a crossed mode, so that the air flows can be fully and uniformly mixed, in addition, when the long pipe body 20 at the rear end of the coal air pipe 3 is rotated, the angle of the isolation air duct 8 is changed, the orientation angle of the isolation air duct 8 towards the tip end of the V-shaped air deflector 6 can be changed, in the condition, the air quantities of the divided normal-rotating wind and reverse-cyclone wind are changed, so that the normal-cyclone wind and the reverse-cyclone wind are in different ejection states after being crossed and hedging, the shape of flame can be fully changed to adapt to the change of the process conditions or the coal quality, the pulverized coal is more fully combusted.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, a cyclone 21 is arranged at the front end of the cyclone air duct 10, a plurality of inclined cyclone air branch ducts 22 are arranged on the cyclone 21, the high-speed air in the cyclone air duct 10 is sent to the cyclone 21, enters each cyclone air branch duct 22, is finally sprayed out from the outlet of the burner in a cyclone state, the cyclone 21 is fixed on the front end part of the central tube 1, the rear end of the central tube 1 is provided with a telescopic joint, the central tube 1 can be driven to extend and retract in the axial direction by the telescopic joint, fig. 5 shows the central tube 1 before the telescopic adjustment, fig. 6 shows the central tube 1 after the telescopic adjustment, as can be seen from the comparison between fig. 5 and fig. 6, the angle of the high-speed wind ejected from the outlet of the burner in the front and rear high-speed wind spinning flow wind branch channels is changed, the shape of the flame at the outlet of the burner can be adjusted by changing the spraying angle of the swirling air.

In another embodiment, for the burner, an oil gun channel 9 is formed in the central tube 1, a cyclone air duct 10 is formed between the central tube 1 and the cyclone air tube 2, a coal air channel 11 is formed between the cyclone air tube 2 and the coal air tube 3, an inner axial air duct 12 is formed between the coal air tube 3 and the inner axial air tube 4, an outer axial air duct 13 is formed between the inner axial air tube 4 and the outer axial air tube 5, and the structures of the respective ducts and air ducts are shown in fig. 2.

In another embodiment, for the burner, an inner air inlet 14, a coal air inlet 15 and an outer air inlet 16, which are respectively communicated with the swirling air duct 10, the coal air duct 11 and the inner axial flow air duct 12, are arranged outside the burner, and a diversion port for diverting the inner axial flow air into the outer axial flow air duct 13 is arranged on the inner axial flow air duct 4.

In another embodiment, for the burner, the height of the isolation plate 7 is the same as the distance between the coal air duct 3 and the inner axial air duct 4, so as to achieve sufficient isolation of each isolation air duct 8.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, for the burner, an included angle between two plate bodies forming the V-shaped air deflector 6 and the rear end port of the short tube 19 is 60 to 75 °, the included angle cannot be too large or too small, if the included angle is too small, the ejection speed of high-speed wind is affected, and if the included angle is too small, the normal cyclone and the reverse cyclone ejected from the same high-speed wind outlet cannot realize sufficient cross-hedging.

In another embodiment, for the burner, the outer circumference of the front end of the outer axial flow duct 5 is provided with a flame retardant part 18 formed by pouring high temperature resistant material.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A burner is characterized by comprising a central tube, a rotational flow air tube, a coal air tube, an inner axial flow air tube and an outer axial flow air tube which are sleeved together from inside to outside, wherein the front end of the rotational flow air tube is provided with a cyclone, the cyclone is provided with a plurality of inclined rotational flow air branch channels, the inclination angle of each rotational flow air branch channel is 20-50 degrees, the rear end of the rotational flow air tube is provided with a telescopic joint for driving the rotational flow air tube to stretch in the axial direction, the coal air tube is formed by rotationally splicing a front short tube body and a rear long tube body, the outer wall of the short tube body is uniformly provided with a plurality of V-shaped air deflectors along the circumferential direction, the tips of the V-shaped air deflectors face towards the long tube body, the opening end of the coal air tube faces towards the outlet of the burner, two plate bodies forming the V-shaped air deflectors respectively expand outwards in a concave cambered surface at two sides, and the short tube body, the long pipe body is provided with a plurality of isolation plates on the outer wall of one end, facing the short pipe body, of the short pipe body in the circumferential direction, the isolation plates are rectangular plates and are fixed in a state perpendicular to the wall of the long pipe body in the axial direction, the isolation plates isolate a plurality of isolation air channels between the long pipe body and the inner axial flow air pipe, and the front end outlet of each isolation air channel faces the tip end of one V-shaped air deflector.

2. The burner of claim 1, wherein an oil gun channel is formed in the central tube, a cyclone air channel is formed between the central tube and the cyclone air tube, a coal air channel is formed between the cyclone air tube and the coal air tube, an inner axial air channel is formed between the coal air tube and the inner axial air tube, and an outer axial air channel is formed between the inner axial air tube and the outer axial air tube.

3. The burner of claim 2, wherein an inner air inlet, a coal air inlet and an outer air inlet which are respectively communicated with the rotational flow air duct, the coal air passage and the inner axial flow air duct are arranged outside the burner, and a shunting port which shunts and introduces the inner axial flow air into the outer axial flow air duct is arranged on the inner axial flow air pipe.

4. The burner of claim 1, wherein the height of the partition plate is the same as the distance between the coal air duct and the inner axial air duct.

5. The burner of claim 1, wherein the angle between the two plates forming the V-shaped air deflector and the rear end opening of the short tube body is 60-75 °.

6. The burner according to claim 1, wherein a flame retardant portion formed by pouring a high temperature resistant material is provided on the outer periphery of the front end of the outer axial flow duct.