CN112759254A - Fluoride-free and lead-free jade-like glass and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Fluoride-free and lead-free jade-like glass and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112759254A CN112759254A CN202110254883.9A CN202110254883A CN112759254A CN 112759254 A CN112759254 A CN 112759254A CN 202110254883 A CN202110254883 A CN 202110254883A CN 112759254 A CN112759254 A CN 112759254A
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 253
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 21
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000010977 jade Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium carbonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.O.O.[Al] Chemical compound O.O.O.[Al] MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010437 gem Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001751 gemstone Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Chemical compound O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003605 opacifier Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XMFOQHDPRMAJNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(ii,iv) oxide Chemical compound O1[Pb]O[Pb]11O[Pb]O1 XMFOQHDPRMAJNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004031 devitrification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940035105 lead tetroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003340 mental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016776 visual perception Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/062—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight
- C03C3/064—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing boron
- C03C3/066—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing boron containing zinc
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B19/00—Other methods of shaping glass
- C03B19/02—Other methods of shaping glass by casting molten glass, e.g. injection moulding
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B25/00—Annealing glass products
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to fluoride-free and lead-free jade-like glass and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the jade-like glass comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 14-40% of silicon dioxide; 10-16% of aluminum oxide; 25-31% of diboron trioxide; 8-33% of magnesium oxide; 2-7% of calcium oxide; 4-10% of zinc oxide; 0-6% of barium oxide. The jade-like glass provided by the invention is milky and semitransparent as a whole, and not only has the luscious color and luster and fine texture of jade, but also has the hazy visual sense of the jade. The light beam has obvious Tyndall phenomenon when passing through the jade-like glass, and natural light is transmitted or internally reflected out to have golden red luster, which is very popular.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to fluoride-free and lead-free jade-like glass and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of preparation of jade-like glass.
Background
Jade has unique texture and visual perception such as lusterless color, exquisite texture, and condensed fat, is often used for carving into personal ornaments, precious vessels, display furnishings, and the like, and is always regarded as a symbol of wealth and social status from ancient to present. Along with the more and more abundant physical life and mental culture life of people, the demand of people for jade is also more and more. However, since the jades in nature belong to nonrenewable resources, the jades are rare in distribution, difficult to mine and limited in yield, and particularly, the jades are mined for thousands of years, so that the jade source resources are gradually exhausted, and especially the Hetian jades in China are close to the extinct. The increasing demand of people for jade products and the current situation of increasingly exhausted jade resources form a great supply-demand contradiction, and directly result in hundreds of times of rising of the prices of jade and jade products. With the progress of science and technology, the jade-like glass is almost fake and genuine with real jade due to the characteristics of appearance, texture and the like, can be widely applied to living goods such as high-grade ornaments, jewelry, tableware, furnishings and the like, belongs to artificial renewable resources, and can greatly meet the increasing requirements of people on jade products.
However, most of the reported base glasses of the imitation jade glass contain lead oxide (such as lead monoxide and lead tetroxide), the opacifier contains fluorine (sodium fluosilicate), ammonium (ammonium dihydrogen phosphate), antimony (antimony trioxide) and the like, and these raw materials volatilize at high temperature during the preparation process of the imitation jade glass to release toxic and harmful gases containing lead, fluorine, ammonia, antimony and the like, pollute the air, cause great harm to human bodies and the environment, and are not beneficial to the production and use of the imitation jade glass. For example, the basic raw material of the jade-like glass provided in the paper reports of 'development of colored jade glass' and 'trial production of jade glass' contains lead monoxide, and the opacifier used is sodium fluosilicate containing fluorine; the basic raw material of the imitation jade glass provided in the paper report of 'manufacturing of imitation jewelry glass' contains lead monoxide, and the opacifier used comprises sodium fluosilicate containing fluorine, antimony trioxide containing antimony and the like; the glass raw material provided in the patent of "an artificial sapphire jade glass and a preparation method thereof" (CN110143758A) contains antimony (antimony trioxide).
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the main objective of the present invention is to provide a fluoride-free and lead-free jade-like glass, and a preparation method and an application thereof, so as to solve the problem of environmental pollution caused by fluorine and lead in the preparation process of the jade-like glass in the prior art, thereby better satisfying the consumption requirements of people on jade-like products, and the safety and reliability of the products.
The purpose of the invention and the technical problem to be solved are realized by adopting the following technical scheme. The invention provides fluoride-free and lead-free jade-like glass which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
preferably, in the fluoride-free and lead-free jade-like glass, the density of the jade-like glass is 2.4-3.0 g/cm3(ii) a The Mohs hardness is 5.5-7, and the visible light transmittance is 20-50%.
Preferably, in the fluoride-free and lead-free jade-like glass, the surface of the jade-like glass is smooth, the texture is fine, the whole body is milky white, and the jade-like glass has a semitransparent visual sense, a light beam passes through the jade-like glass and has an obvious tyndall phenomenon, and natural light is transmitted or internally reflected by the jade-like glass to have a golden red luster.
Preferably, in the fluorine-free and lead-free imitation jade glass, the fluorine-free and lead-free imitation jade glass contains the following components in percentage by mass: 22% of silicon dioxide; 16% of aluminum oxide; 31% of diboron trioxide; 16% of magnesium oxide; 4% of calcium oxide; 6% of zinc oxide; 5 percent of barium oxide.
Preferably, in the fluoride-free and lead-free imitation jade glass, the imitation jade glass contains the following components in percentage by mass: 28% of silicon dioxide; 13% of aluminum oxide; 29% of boron trioxide; 21% of magnesium oxide; 4% of calcium oxide; 5 percent of zinc oxide.
Preferably, in the fluoride-free and lead-free imitation jade glass, the imitation jade glass contains the following components in percentage by mass: 40% of silicon dioxide; 10% of aluminum oxide; 26% of boron trioxide; 8% of magnesium oxide; 3% of calcium oxide; 10% of zinc oxide; 3 percent of barium oxide.
Preferably, in the fluoride-free and lead-free imitation jade glass, the imitation jade glass contains the following components in percentage by mass: 21% of silicon dioxide; 12% of aluminum oxide; 25% of boron trioxide; 25% of magnesium oxide; 7% of calcium oxide; 4% of zinc oxide; 6 percent of barium oxide.
Preferably, in the fluoride-free and lead-free imitation jade glass, the imitation jade glass contains the following components in percentage by mass: 14% of silicon dioxide; 16% of aluminum oxide; 26% of boron trioxide; 33% of magnesium oxide; 2% of calcium oxide; 7% of zinc oxide; 2 percent of barium oxide.
The object of the present invention and the technical problems solved thereby can be further achieved by the following technical measures. The invention provides a preparation method of fluoride-free and lead-free jade-like glass, which comprises the following steps:
1) weighing the raw materials according to the following mass fractions respectively, and uniformly mixing to obtain a batch;
2) melting, clarifying and homogenizing the batch materials in the step 1) at 1100-1350 ℃ for 1-3 hours;
3) taking out the uniformly melted glass liquid from the furnace, pouring the glass liquid into a mold at 450-600 ℃, casting and molding, pre-annealing at 500-600 ℃ for 1-2 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a colorless and transparent glass blank;
4) putting the glass blank into a muffle furnace at a low temperature for post-treatment, heating to 700-850 ℃ at a speed of 1-10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2-5 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a milky semitransparent jade-like glass blank;
5) and cutting, chamfering and polishing the blank of the jade-like glass to obtain the fluoride-free and lead-free jade-like glass.
Preferably, in the above method for producing a fluoride-free and lead-free imitation jade glass, in the batch, the silica is introduced in the form of quartz sand or crystal powder, the diboron trioxide is introduced in the form of boric acid, the alumina is introduced in the form of aluminum hydroxide powder, the zinc oxide is introduced in the form of zinc oxide powder, and the basic magnesium carbonate, the calcium carbonate, and the barium carbonate are introduced in the form of carbonate and/or nitrate thereof.
The object of the present invention and the technical problems solved thereby can be further achieved by the following technical measures. The invention provides an artificial gem, which is the fluoride-free and lead-free jade-like glass.
The glass formulation of the present invention requires 7 oxides: silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, boron oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, zinc oxide and barium oxide. The names of the raw materials used are only for the purpose of introducing the corresponding oxides to form the glass of the present invention, and the names of the raw materials used are not limited to the names of the listed components.
The invention relates to 7 oxides related to glass components, wherein silicon dioxide and boron oxide are glass network formers and provide a main body amorphous network structure of jade-like glass; the magnesium oxide, the calcium oxide and the barium oxide are external bodies of the glass network, do not participate in the network structure, play a role in breaking the network, have an accumulation effect on the structure, and promote phase separation and even crystallization of the glass. The aluminum oxide and the zinc oxide are glass intermediates, are arranged between a network former and a network outer body, participate in networking according to the capacity of abstracting free oxygen, or are positioned outside the network to accumulate.
By the technical scheme, the fluoride-free and lead-free jade-like glass and the preparation method and application thereof provided by the invention at least have the following advantages:
the jade-like glass provided by the invention is milky and semitransparent as a whole, and not only has the luscious color and luster and fine texture of jade, but also has the hazy visual sense of the jade. The light beam has obvious Tyndall phenomenon when passing through the jade-like glass, and natural light is transmitted or internally reflected out to have golden red luster, which is very popular. Because the jade-like glass has no fluorine and lead, and simultaneously does not contain harmful elements such as cadmium, antimony, arsenic and the like, the production process is environment-friendly and pollution-free, and the product is also friendly to human body and has no harm;
the jade-like glass provided by the invention has smooth surface, fine texture, milky white whole and semitransparent visual sense, and light beams have obvious Tyndall phenomenon when passing through the glass product, and natural light is transmitted or internally reflected out to have golden red luster. The density of the jade-like glass is 2.4-3.0 g/cm3The Mohs hardness is 5.5-7, and the visible light transmittance is 20% -50%;
the preparation method of the jade-like glass provided by the invention has the advantages of lower melting temperature, simple preparation process and simple operation. Meanwhile, on the premise of keeping the glass formula fixed, the appearance, texture and optical characteristics of the glass can be adjusted only by changing the temperature and time of the heat treatment of the glass blank.
According to the preparation method of the jade-like glass provided by the invention, toxic and harmful substances containing fluorine, lead, cadmium, antimony and arsenic are not used in the processes of raw materials related to the glass, glass melting, glass post-annealing treatment, cold processing of the glass and the like, so that zero emission of toxic and harmful gaseous substances containing fluorine, lead, cadmium, antimony and arsenic can be realized, the pollution to the ecological environment can be reduced, and the harm to the health of operators can be reduced.
The foregoing is a summary of the present invention, and in order to provide a clear understanding of the technical means of the present invention and to be implemented in accordance with the present specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an actual view of a yellow light beam irradiating the jade-like glass of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an actual view of a white light beam irradiating the jade-like glass of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an effective view of the jade-like glass of the present invention irradiated with a sunlight beam.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description will be given to a fluoride-free and lead-free jade-like glass, a preparation method thereof, and specific embodiments, structures, characteristics and effects thereof according to the present invention. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" refers to not necessarily the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
The invention provides fluoride-free and lead-free jade-like glass which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the density of the jade-like glass is 2.4-3.0 g/cm through testing3(ii) a The Mohs hardness is 5.5-7, and the visible light transmittance is 20-50%. The surface of the jade-like glass is smooth, the texture is fine and smooth, the whole body is milky white, the jade-like glass has semitransparent visual sense, a light beam passes through the jade-like glass and has an obvious Tyndall phenomenon, and natural light is transmitted or internally reflected out to have golden red luster (see figures 1-3).
The invention also provides a preparation method of the fluoride-free and lead-free jade-like glass, which comprises the following steps:
1) weighing the raw materials according to the following mass fractions respectively, and uniformly mixing to obtain a batch;
2) melting, clarifying and homogenizing the batch materials in the step 1) at 1100-1350 ℃ for 1-3 hours. Specifically, the raw materials can be put into a crucible at 1100-1350 ℃, and the crucible is subjected to heat preservation at 1200-1350 ℃ for 1-3 hours for melting, clarification and homogenization, so that the cost can be saved, and the raw materials can be melted more quickly to be vitrified. Or the raw materials are put into the crucible at room temperature, the temperature is required to be raised to the glass melting temperature of 1200-1350 ℃, and then the heat preservation is carried out, wherein the heat preservation time is the same as the heat preservation time.
3) And taking the uniformly melted glass liquid out of the furnace, pouring the glass liquid into a mold at 450-600 ℃, casting and molding, pre-annealing at 500-600 ℃ for 1-2 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a colorless and transparent glass blank. In addition, the mold temperature lower than 450-600 ℃ is easy to cause glass burst and cannot form a complete glass blank, and the mold temperature higher than 450-600 ℃ is easy to cause glass liquid to stick to the mold and cannot be smoothly demolded. The more preferable range is 550-600 ℃, the glass is well formed, and the demoulding is smooth and convenient to operate. The pre-annealing temperature lower than 500-600 ℃ cannot effectively eliminate the internal stress of the glass, so that the glass is easy to crack, and the pre-annealing temperature higher than 500-600 ℃ is easy to cause the softening deformation of a glass blank. The more preferable range is 550-590 ℃, the glass is well formed, and the glass does not crack in later processing.
4) And (3) putting the glass blank into a muffle furnace at a low temperature for post-treatment, heating to 700-850 ℃ at a speed of 1-10 ℃/min, then preserving heat for 2-5 hours), and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the milky semitransparent jade-like glass blank. The more preferable range of the temperature rise is 750-800 ℃ for 2-3 hours, and the glass jade imitation effect is good. When the temperature is low and the holding time is short, for example, the glass blank is slightly changed when the glass blank is held at 700 ℃ for 2 hours, and the jade imitation effect cannot be formed. When the temperature is higher and the holding time is longer, for example, the holding time is 5 hours at 850 ℃, the milky opaque ceramic phenomenon can occur.
5) And cutting, chamfering and polishing the blank of the jade-like glass to obtain the fluoride-free and lead-free jade-like glass. Cutting, chamfering and polishing belong to common glass processing technologies, and the processing technologies can only change the appearance of glass and do not relate to the essence of the glass.
In specific implementation, in the batch, the silica is introduced in the form of quartz sand or crystal powder, the boron trioxide is introduced in the form of boric acid, the alumina is introduced in the form of aluminum hydroxide powder, the zinc oxide is introduced in the form of zinc oxide powder, the basic magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate and barium carbonate are introduced in the form of carbonate and/or nitrate, the alumina is introduced in the form of aluminum hydroxide powder, and the zinc oxide is introduced in the form of zinc oxide powder.
The invention also provides an artificial gem which is the fluoride-free and lead-free jade-like glass.
The following materials or reagents, unless otherwise specified, are all commercially available.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of fluoride-free and lead-free jade-like glass, which comprises the following steps:
1) the raw materials are SiO with the mass fraction of 15 percent2、22％Al(OH)3、42％H3BO311% basic MgCO3、2.5％CaCO3、4％ZnO、3.5％BaCO3Proportioning, and uniformly mixing all the raw materials by using a roller.
2) Heating the ceramic crucible to 1000 ℃ at 3-6 ℃/min in a high temperature furnace, loading the mixed raw materials into the crucible, continuously heating to 1300 ℃, and preserving the temperature for 2 hours to melt, clarify and homogenize.
3) And taking the uniformly melted glass liquid out of the furnace, pouring the glass liquid into a cast iron mold at 550 ℃, casting and molding, pre-annealing at 600 ℃ for 1 hour, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a colorless and transparent glass blank.
4) And (3) putting the glass blank into a muffle furnace at a low temperature (lower than 100 ℃), heating to 760 ℃ at a speed of 4-5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 4 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the milky semitransparent jade-like glass blank. The jade-like glass blank is not cracked when being put into water at room temperature for 3 times from 330 ℃, and generates small cracks when being put into water at room temperature for 3 times from 340 ℃.
5) Then according toAnd (5) according to the requirement of overall dimension, cutting, chamfering and polishing the blank of the jade-like glass to obtain the fluoride-free and lead-free jade-like glass. The fluoride-free and lead-free jade-like glass comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 22% of silicon dioxide; 16% of aluminum oxide; 31% of diboron trioxide; 16% of magnesium oxide; 4% of calcium oxide; 6% of zinc oxide; 5 percent of barium oxide. The density of the jade-like glass is 2.5g/cm3The Mohs hardness grade is 5.5-6, and the visible light transmittance is 20% -35%. The surface of the jade-like glass is smooth, the texture is fine and smooth, the whole body is milky white, the jade-like glass has semitransparent visual sense, a light beam passes through the jade-like glass and has an obvious Tyndall phenomenon, and natural light is transmitted or internally reflected out to have golden red luster (see figures 1-3).
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of fluoride-free and lead-free jade-like glass, which comprises the following steps:
1) the raw materials are SiO with the mass fraction of 20 percent2、18％Al(OH)3、41％H3BO314.5% basic MgCO3、3％CaCO3、3.5％ZnO、0％BaCO3Proportioning, and uniformly mixing all the raw materials by using a roller.
2) Raising the corundum crucible to 1000 ℃ at the speed of 3-6 ℃/min in a high-temperature furnace, putting the mixed raw materials into the crucible, continuously raising the temperature to 1300 ℃, and preserving the temperature for 2 hours to melt, clarify and homogenize the corundum crucible.
3) And taking the uniformly melted glass liquid out of the furnace, pouring the glass liquid into a stainless steel mold at 500 ℃, casting and molding, pre-annealing at 500 ℃ for 1 hour, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a colorless and transparent glass blank.
4) And (3) putting the glass blank into a muffle furnace at a low temperature (lower than 100 ℃), heating to 800 ℃ at a speed of 4-5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the milky semitransparent jade-like glass blank. The jade-like glass blank is not cracked when placed in room temperature water for 3 times from 310 ℃ and generates small cracks when placed in room temperature water for 3 times from 320 ℃.
5) Then according to the requirement of the external dimensionAnd cutting, chamfering and polishing the blank of the jade-like glass to obtain the fluoride-free and lead-free jade-like glass. The jade-like glass comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 28% of silicon dioxide; 13% of aluminum oxide; 29% of boron trioxide; 21% of magnesium oxide; 4% of calcium oxide; 5 percent of zinc oxide. The jade-like glass has a density of 2.6g/cm3The Mohs hardness grade is 5.5-6, and the visible light transmittance is 30% -50%. The surface of the jade-like glass is smooth, the texture is fine and smooth, the whole body is milky white, the jade-like glass has semitransparent visual sense, a light beam passes through the jade-like glass and has an obvious Tyndall phenomenon, and natural light is transmitted or internally reflected out to have golden red luster (see figures 1-3).
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of fluoride-free and lead-free jade-like glass, which comprises the following steps:
1) raw materials are SiO with the mass fraction of 29 percent2、15％Al(OH)3、39％H3BO36% basic MgCO3、2％CaCO3、7％ZnO、2％BaCO3Proportioning, and uniformly mixing all the raw materials by using a roller.
2) Raising the corundum crucible to 1000 ℃ at the speed of 3-6 ℃/min in a high-temperature furnace, loading the mixed raw materials into the crucible, continuously raising the temperature to 1350 ℃, and preserving the temperature for 2 hours to melt, clarify and homogenize the corundum crucible.
3) And taking the uniformly melted glass liquid out of the furnace, pouring the glass liquid into a cast iron mold at 500 ℃, casting and molding, pre-annealing at 600 ℃ for 1 hour, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a colorless and transparent glass blank.
4) And (3) putting the glass blank into a muffle furnace at a low temperature (lower than 100 ℃), heating to 780 ℃ at a speed of 4-5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 3 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the milky semitransparent jade-like glass blank. The jade-like glass blank is not cracked when placed in room temperature water for 3 times from 310 ℃ and generates small cracks when placed in room temperature water for 3 times from 320 ℃.
5) Then according to the requirement of overall dimension, the jade-like glass blank is cut, chamfered and polished, namelyThe fluoride-free and lead-free jade-like glass can be obtained. The jade-like glass comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 40% of silicon dioxide; 10% of aluminum oxide; 26% of boron trioxide; 8% of magnesium oxide; 3% of calcium oxide; 10% of zinc oxide; 3 percent of barium oxide. The density of the jade-like glass is 3g/cm3The Mohs hardness grade is 6-7, and the visible light transmittance is 30% -45%. The surface of the jade-like glass is smooth, the texture is fine and smooth, the whole body is milky white, the jade-like glass has semitransparent visual sense, a light beam passes through the jade-like glass and has an obvious Tyndall phenomenon, and natural light is transmitted or internally reflected out to have golden red luster (see figures 1-3).
Example 4
The embodiment provides a preparation method of fluoride-free and lead-free jade-like glass, which comprises the following steps:
1) the raw materials are SiO with the mass fraction of 15 percent2、18％Al(OH)3、36.5％H3BO318% basic MgCO3、5％CaCO3、3％ZnO、4.5％BaCO3Proportioning, and uniformly mixing all the raw materials by using a roller.
2) Heating the ceramic crucible to 1000 ℃ at 3-6 ℃/min in a high temperature furnace, loading the mixed raw materials into the crucible, continuously heating to 1350 ℃, and preserving the heat for 1 hour to melt, clarify and homogenize the raw materials.
3) And taking the uniformly melted glass liquid out of the furnace, pouring the glass liquid into a stainless steel mold at 500 ℃, casting and molding, pre-annealing at 550 ℃ for 1 hour, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a colorless and transparent glass blank.
4) And (3) putting the glass blank into a muffle furnace at a low temperature (lower than 100 ℃), heating to 750 ℃ at a speed of 4-5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 5 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the milky semitransparent jade-like glass blank. The jade-like glass blank is not cracked when placed in room temperature water for 3 times from 340 ℃, and generates small cracks when placed in room temperature water for 3 times from 350 ℃.
5) Then according to the requirement of overall dimension, cutting, chamfering and polishing the imitation jade glass blank to obtain the fluorine-free and lead-free imitationJade glass. The jade-like glass comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 21% of silicon dioxide; 12% of aluminum oxide; 25% of boron trioxide; 25% of magnesium oxide; 7% of calcium oxide; 4% of zinc oxide; 6 percent of barium oxide. The density of the jade-like glass is 2.5g/cm3The Mohs hardness grade is 5.5-6, and the visible light transmittance is 20% -35%. The surface of the jade-like glass is smooth, the texture is fine and smooth, the whole body is milky white, the jade-like glass has semitransparent visual sense, a light beam passes through the jade-like glass and has an obvious Tyndall phenomenon, and natural light is transmitted or internally reflected out to have golden red luster (see figures 1-3).
Example 5
The embodiment provides a preparation method of fluoride-free and lead-free jade-like glass, which comprises the following steps:
1) the raw materials are SiO with the mass fraction of 10 percent2、23％Al(OH)3、36％H3BO323% basic MgCO3、1.5％CaCO3、5％ZnO、1.5％BaCO3Proportioning, and uniformly mixing all the raw materials by using a roller.
2) Raising the corundum crucible to 1000 ℃ at the speed of 3-6 ℃/min in a high-temperature furnace, putting the mixed raw materials into the crucible, continuously raising the temperature to 1200 ℃, and preserving the temperature for 3 hours to melt, clarify and homogenize the corundum crucible.
3) And taking the uniformly melted glass liquid out of the furnace, pouring the glass liquid into a stainless steel mold at 450 ℃, casting and molding, pre-annealing at 550 ℃ for 1 hour, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a colorless and transparent glass blank.
4) And (3) putting the glass blank into a muffle furnace at a low temperature (lower than 100 ℃), heating to 790 ℃ at a speed of 4-5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the milky semitransparent jade-like glass blank. The jade-like glass blank is not cracked when being put into water at room temperature for 3 times from 350 ℃, and generates small cracks when being put into water at room temperature for 3 times from 360 ℃.
5) And then according to the requirement of the overall dimension, cutting, chamfering and polishing the blank of the jade-like glass to obtain the fluoride-free and lead-free jade-like glass. The jade-like glassThe glass comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 14% of silicon dioxide; 16% of aluminum oxide; 26% of boron trioxide; 33% of magnesium oxide; 2% of calcium oxide; 7% of zinc oxide; 2 percent of barium oxide. The density of the jade-like glass is 2.4g/cm3The Mohs hardness grade is 5.5-6, and the visible light transmittance is 25% -40%. The surface of the jade-like glass is smooth, the texture is fine and smooth, the whole body is milky white, the jade-like glass has semitransparent visual sense, a light beam passes through the jade-like glass and has an obvious Tyndall phenomenon, and natural light is transmitted or internally reflected out to have golden red luster (see figures 1-3).
Comparative example 1
This comparative example comprises the following steps, in comparison with example 1:
1) based on the glass formulation in example 1, the proportion of ZnO was increased independently so that the added amount of ZnO was 3 times the original amount, and the raw materials were mixed uniformly by a roller.
2) Raising the corundum crucible to 1000 ℃ at the speed of 3-6 ℃/min in a high-temperature furnace, putting the mixed raw materials into the crucible, continuously raising the temperature to 1300 ℃, and preserving the temperature for 2 hours to melt, clarify and homogenize the corundum crucible.
3) And taking the uniformly melted glass liquid out of the furnace, pouring the glass liquid into a stainless steel mold at 550 ℃, carrying out solidification and shaping on the glass liquid at a low speed in the casting and forming process, carrying out local crystallization on the glass, pre-annealing at 600 ℃ for 1 hour, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a milky opaque ceramic blank with a rough surface.
In this comparative example, a glass sample was cast at the process temperature of example 1, the glass was partially devitrified, and then pre-annealed at 600 ℃ to obtain a rough-surfaced ceramic blank. This is because an excessive amount of ZnO promotes phase separation and crystallization of the glass, and destroys the glass structure, resulting in rough and unsmooth surface, opaque interior, loss of the smooth and transparent state of the glass, and failure to obtain a glassy blank.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example comprises the following steps, in comparison with example 1:
1) based on the glass formulation in example 1, BaCO was increased alone3In such a ratio that newly added BaCO3The dosage is 3 times of the original dosage. Mixing the above materials with roller.
2) Raising the corundum crucible to 1000 ℃ at the speed of 3-6 ℃/min in a high-temperature furnace, putting the mixed raw materials into the crucible, continuously raising the temperature to 1300 ℃, and preserving the temperature for 2 hours to melt, clarify and homogenize the corundum crucible.
3) And taking the uniformly melted glass liquid out of the furnace, pouring the glass liquid into a stainless steel mold at 550 ℃, wherein the solidification and shaping speed of the glass liquid is low in the casting and forming process, the glass is slightly opacified, and the corundum crucible is seriously corroded. Pre-annealing at 600 deg.C for 1 hr, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain milky opaque ceramic blank with rough surface.
In this comparative example, a glass sample was cast at the process temperature of example 1, and the glass was slightly opacified and then pre-annealed at 600 ℃ to obtain a rough-surfaced ceramic blank. This is because excessive amount of BaCO3 promotes phase separation of the glass, further phase separation is promoted after 1 hour of pre-annealing at 600 ℃, the glass structure is destroyed, the surface is rough and not smooth, the inside is opaque, and the smooth transparent state of the glass is lost without obtaining a glassy blank.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example comprises the following steps, in comparison with example 1:
1) based on the glass formulation in example 1, CaCO alone was increased3In such a proportion that CaCO is newly added3The dosage is 3 times of the original dosage. Mixing the above materials with roller.
2) Raising the corundum crucible to 1000 ℃ at the speed of 3-6 ℃/min in a high-temperature furnace, putting the mixed raw materials into the crucible, continuously raising the temperature to 1300 ℃, and preserving the temperature for 2 hours to melt, clarify and homogenize the corundum crucible.
3) And taking the uniformly melted glass liquid out of the furnace, pouring the glass liquid into a stainless steel mold at 550 ℃, and casting and molding. Pre-annealing at 600 deg.C for 1 hr, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain milky opaque ceramic blank with rough surface.
This comparative example a glass sample was cast at the process temperature of example 1 and pre-annealed at 600 c to obtain a rough surfaced ceramic blank. This is because the excess amount of CaCO3 promotes phase separation of the glass after pre-annealing at 600 ℃ for 1 hour, which destroys the glass structure, causes it to have rough and unsmooth surface and opaque interior, and loses the smooth and transparent state of the glass without obtaining a glassy blank.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example comprises the following steps, in comparison with example 1:
1) based on the glass formulation of example 1, the basic MgCO was reduced separately3In such a ratio that the reduced basic MgCO is3The dosage is zero. Mixing the above materials with roller.
2) Raising the corundum crucible to 1000 ℃ at the speed of 3-6 ℃/min in a high-temperature furnace, putting the mixed raw materials into the crucible, continuously raising the temperature to 1300 ℃, and preserving the temperature for 2 hours to melt, clarify and homogenize the corundum crucible.
3) And taking the uniformly melted glass liquid out of the furnace, pouring the glass liquid into a stainless steel mold at 550 ℃, and slightly crystallizing the surface of the glass liquid in the casting molding process. Pre-annealing at 600 deg.C for 1 hr, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain milky opaque ceramic blank with rough surface.
This comparative example was a glass sample cast at the process temperature of example 1, with slight devitrification on the glass surface, and the glass blank obtained by pre-annealing at 600 ℃ was not a smooth transparent glass blank but a rough ceramic blank. This is because of the appropriate amount of basic MgCO3The existence of the component can improve the stability of the glass of the component, and simultaneously, the component types are increased, and the glass state forming probability is also improved.
Comparative example 5
This comparative example comprises the following steps, in comparison with example 1:
1) based on the glass formulation in example 1, ZnO and BaCO were simultaneously reduced3In such a ratio that ZnO and BaCO are reduced3The dosage is zero. Mixing the above materials with roller.
2) Raising the corundum crucible to 1000 ℃ at the speed of 3-6 ℃/min in a high-temperature furnace, putting the mixed raw materials into the crucible, continuously raising the temperature to 1300 ℃, and preserving the temperature for 2 hours to melt, clarify and homogenize the corundum crucible.
3) And taking the uniformly melted glass liquid out of the furnace, pouring the glass liquid into a stainless steel mold at 550 ℃, and casting and molding. Pre-annealing at 600 deg.c for 1 hr, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain colorless transparent glass blank.
4) And (3) putting the glass blank into a muffle furnace at a low temperature, heating to 760 ℃ at a speed of 4-5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 4 hours), and naturally cooling to room temperature along with the furnace, wherein the opacifying effect is poor, and the jade-like glass blank is not obtained.
This comparative example a glass sample was cast at the process temperature of example 1 to obtain a glassy blank. However, after the annealing process of the embodiment 1, the opacifying effect of the glass is weak, the semitransparent effect of the glass is poor, and no jade-like glass blank is obtained. This is because ZnO and BaO have an effect of enhancing the opacification of glass, and ZnO and BaO are not present, resulting in poor opacification, and no imitation jade glass blank is obtained.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
The recitation of numerical ranges herein includes all numbers subsumed within that range and includes any two numbers subsumed within that range. Different values of the same index appearing in all embodiments of the invention can be combined arbitrarily to form a range value.
The features of the invention claimed and/or described in the specification may be combined, and are not limited to the combinations set forth in the claims by the recitations therein. The technical solutions obtained by combining the technical features in the claims and/or the specification also belong to the scope of the present invention.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The fluoride-free and lead-free jade-like glass is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
2. the jade-like glass according to claim 1, wherein said jade-like glass has a density of 2.4 to 3.0g/cm3(ii) a The Mohs hardness is 5.5-7, and the visible light transmittance is 20% -50%; the surface of the jade-like glass is smooth, the texture is fine and smooth, the whole body is milky white, the jade-like glass has semitransparent visual sense, light beams penetrate through the jade-like glass and have the Tyndall phenomenon, and natural light is transmitted or internally reflected out through the jade-like glass and has golden red luster.
3. The imitation jade glass of claim 1 wherein said fluorine-free and lead-free imitation jade glass comprises the following components in mass percent: 22% of silicon dioxide; 16% of aluminum oxide; 31% of diboron trioxide; 16% of magnesium oxide; 4% of calcium oxide; 6% of zinc oxide; 5 percent of barium oxide.
4. The jade-like glass according to claim 1, wherein said jade-like glass comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 28% of silicon dioxide; 13% of aluminum oxide; 29% of boron trioxide; 21% of magnesium oxide; 4% of calcium oxide; 5 percent of zinc oxide.
5. The jade-like glass according to claim 1, wherein said jade-like glass comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 40% of silicon dioxide; 10% of aluminum oxide; 26% of boron trioxide; 8% of magnesium oxide; 3% of calcium oxide; 10% of zinc oxide; 3 percent of barium oxide.
6. The jade-like glass according to claim 1, wherein said jade-like glass comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 21% of silicon dioxide; 12% of aluminum oxide; 25% of boron trioxide; 25% of magnesium oxide; 7% of calcium oxide; 4% of zinc oxide; 6 percent of barium oxide.
7. The jade-like glass according to claim 1, wherein said jade-like glass comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 14% of silicon dioxide; 16% of aluminum oxide; 26% of boron trioxide; 33% of magnesium oxide; 2% of calcium oxide; 7% of zinc oxide; 2 percent of barium oxide.
8. A method for producing a fluoride-free and lead-free imitation jade glass according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
1) weighing the raw materials according to the following mass fractions respectively, and uniformly mixing to obtain a batch;
2) melting, clarifying and homogenizing the batch materials in the step 1) at 1100-1350 ℃ for 1-3 hours;
3) taking out the uniformly melted glass liquid from the furnace, pouring the glass liquid into a mold at 450-600 ℃, casting and molding, pre-annealing at 500-600 ℃ for 1-2 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a colorless and transparent glass blank;
4) putting the glass blank into a muffle furnace at a low temperature for post-treatment, heating to 700-850 ℃ at a speed of 1-10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2-5 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a milky semitransparent jade-like glass blank;
5) and cutting, chamfering and polishing the blank of the jade-like glass to obtain the fluoride-free and lead-free jade-like glass.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the silica is introduced in the form of quartz sand or crystal powder, the boron trioxide is introduced in the form of boric acid, the alumina is introduced in the form of aluminum hydroxide powder, the zinc oxide is introduced in the form of zinc oxide powder, and the basic magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, barium carbonate are introduced in the form of carbonate and/or nitrate thereof.
10. An artificial gemstone, wherein the artificial gemstone is the fluorine-free and lead-free imitation jade glass of any of claims 1 to 7.
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Application publication date: 20210507 |