CN112759158B - Intelligent secondary water supply treatment device and secondary water supply treatment method - Google Patents
Intelligent secondary water supply treatment device and secondary water supply treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/12—Naturally occurring clays or bleaching earth
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/14—Diatomaceous earth
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28016—Particle form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/288—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using composite sorbents, e.g. coated, impregnated, multi-layered
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/78—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/02—Non-contaminated water, e.g. for industrial water supply
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
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- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
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Abstract
An intelligent secondary water supply treatment device and a secondary water supply treatment method aim to solve the problems that the cost of the existing secondary water supply treatment method and equipment is high, and the generation quantity of HKs, CH, THNMs and the like in treated effluent is increased. The device comprises a secondary water supply storage container, a regulating water tank, an aeration device, an ozone generating device, a quartz sand filter, a composite activated carbon filter, a tail gas destroying device, a membrane filtering device and a water production tank; the water outlet of the secondary water supply storage container is connected with the adjusting water tank, the water outlet of the adjusting water tank is connected with the quartz sand filter through the aeration device, the water outlet of the quartz sand filter is connected with the composite activated carbon filter, the water outlet of the composite activated carbon filter is connected with the tail gas destruction device, and the tail gas destruction device is sequentially connected with the membrane filter device and the water production tank. The invention can effectively solve the problem of secondary pollution of drinking water caused by water delivery of a water supply pipe network and water storage of a secondary water supply system. The invention is used in the field of secondary water supply treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water treatment, in particular to an intelligent secondary water supply treatment device and a method for performing secondary water supply treatment by adopting the same.
Background
With the improvement of the living standard of residents in China, the residents pay more and more attention to the problem of drinking safety. Along with the industrial development, a large amount of organic and inorganic pollutants are discharged into natural water, and the drinking water safety problem in China is not optimistic. In addition, due to the aging phenomenon of municipal pipe networks and the reasons of secondary water supply equipment or management and the like, the quality of tap water used by residents in China is seriously deteriorated, and the excessive contents of microorganisms, turbidity, Fe, Mn, Ca, Mg and other elements are caused, so that the development of the residents is restricted.
A catalytic membrane filtration secondary water supply device and a secondary water supply method adopting the same are disclosed in a patent (CN 111851651A), and are based on ozone and catalytic ceramic membrane coupling treatment equipment so as to achieve the purpose of improving the quality of outlet water. The turbidity, the microorganisms, the organic matters and the heavy metals of the effluent are all obviously improved. Wherein the ceramic film promotes O3More OH is generated, so that the molecular weight of the organic matter is reduced, and the content of the organic matter is reduced, but O is generated3And OH, the micromolecular organic matters generated after the macromolecular organic matters are degraded are difficult to be intercepted by the ceramic membrane, so that the micromolecular organic matters in the effluent are increased, the generation amounts of HKs, CH, THNMs and the like in the effluent are increased, and potential risks are brought to the safety of the drinking water.
In addition, the ceramic film is brittle, the preparation cost is high, and the ceramic film is difficult to popularize and spread in residential areas.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an intelligent secondary water supply treatment device and a secondary water supply treatment method, aiming at solving the problems that the cost of the conventional secondary water supply treatment method and equipment is high, and the generation amounts of HKs, CH, THNMs and the like in treated effluent are increased.
The intelligent secondary water supply treatment device comprises a secondary water supply storage container, a regulating water tank, an aeration device, an ozone generating device, a quartz sand filter, a composite activated carbon filter, a tail gas destruction device, a membrane filter device and a water production tank; the water outlet of the secondary water supply storage container is connected with a regulating water tank, the water outlet of the regulating water tank is connected with a quartz sand filter through an aeration device, an ozone generating device is arranged in the aeration device, the water outlet of the quartz sand filter is connected with a composite activated carbon filter, the water outlet of the composite activated carbon filter is connected with a tail gas destroying device, and the tail gas destroying device is sequentially connected with a membrane filter device and a water production tank; the water production tank is provided with an ultraviolet disinfection device;
the quartz sand filter is provided with three layers from top to bottom, wherein the filling height of the quartz sand in the first layer is 500-600mm, and the particle size of the used quartz sand is 0.5-1.2 mm; the filling height of the quartz sand in the second layer is 500-600mm, and the particle size of the used quartz sand is 2-4 mm; the filling height of the quartz sand in the third layer is 200-300mm, and the particle size of the used quartz sand is 1-2 mm;
the composite activated carbon filter comprises a composite adsorbent unit and a granular activated carbon unit;
the composite adsorbent unit comprises a plurality of composite adsorbent modules, composite adsorbents are filled in the composite adsorbent modules, the composite adsorbents are made of powdered activated carbon, bentonite and diatomite, the composite adsorbent modules are connected in series, two valves are arranged at the tail end of each composite adsorbent module, one valve is connected with the next composite adsorbent module, the other valve is directly output, and the two valves form open-close mutual exclusion relation, namely one valve is opened and the other valve is closed; the direct outputs of the multiple composite adsorbent modules are converged into a composite adsorbent unit water outlet together;
the granular activated carbon unit comprises a plurality of granular activated carbon modules, granular activated carbon is filled in the granular activated carbon modules, the granular activated carbon modules are connected in series, two valves are arranged at the tail end of each granular activated carbon module, one valve is connected with the next granular activated carbon module, the other valve is directly output, and the two valves form an open-close mutual exclusion relationship, namely, one valve is opened and the other valve is closed; the direct outputs of the plurality of granular activated carbon modules are converged into a water outlet of the granular activated carbon unit;
the water outlet of the composite adsorbent unit is connected with a first granular activated carbon module of the granular activated carbon unit; the water outlet of the granular activated carbon unit is connected with a tail gas destruction device.
Furthermore, the particle size of the granular activated carbon is 1.2-5 mm.
Further, the preparation method of the composite adsorbent comprises the following steps:
firstly, sieving the powdered activated carbon by a sieve of 80 meshes, and sieving bentonite and diatomite by a sieve of 100 meshes;
secondly, mixing the sieved powdered activated carbon, bentonite and diatomite, adding deionized water, stirring uniformly, aging in a shade place for 12-16 hours, and then granulating and drying to obtain composite particles; wherein the mass ratio of the powdered activated carbon to the bentonite to the diatomite is 2:4: 4;
and thirdly, placing the composite particles into a muffle furnace, covering the muffle furnace with quartz sand, sintering at the sintering temperature of 600-800 ℃, preserving heat for 1-2 hours, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the composite adsorbent.
Further, the temperature rise speed of the sintering in the third step is 3 ℃ min-1。
The method for secondary water supply treatment by using the device comprises the following steps:
firstly, a water source to be treated enters a regulating water tank from a secondary water supply storage container;
the outlet water of the regulating water tank sequentially enters a quartz sand filter and a composite activated carbon filter through an aeration device;
and thirdly, enabling the water discharged from the composite activated carbon filter to enter a tail gas destruction device for tail gas destruction treatment, and enabling the water to enter a water production tank through a membrane filter device to obtain purified water.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the composite adsorbent is prepared from the powdered activated carbon, the bentonite and the diatomite, and the method is simple and convenient to operate; and the particle activated carbon is coupled to form a composite activated carbon filter, the composite activated carbon filter is divided into two units, a neural network is combined, the number of layers of each unit of the composite activated carbon filter is adjusted according to different water qualities by detecting a water sample of inlet water at regular intervals, and the treatment effect of secondary water supply is obviously improved.
The invention combines the composite activated carbon filter with the quartz sand filter, improves the secondary water supply treatment effect, can also obviously reduce the using amount of ozone, and more importantly can avoid the increase of small molecular organic matters in effluent. Experiments show that the contents of HKs, CH and THNMs in the effluent are only 1.88 mu g/L, 1.25 mu g/L and 0.86 mu g/L after the secondary water supply treatment.
The quartz sand filter is provided with the quartz sand with different particle sizes in three layers, so that the water conservancy shearing effect is weakened, the stability of a biological film on the surface of the quartz sand can be improved, and the formation of the biological film on the surface of the quartz sand is promoted. Meanwhile, the interception and adsorption effects on suspended solids in water are improved.
The invention can effectively solve the problem of secondary pollution of drinking water caused by water delivery of a water supply pipe network and water storage of a secondary water supply system, the removal rate of microorganisms reaches more than 99.99 percent, the removal rate of turbidity reaches more than 99 percent, and the contents of heavy metals Fe and Mn reach the drinking water standard. The DOC removal rate reaches more than 95%, and the COD removal rate reaches more than 95%.
The invention utilizes the neural network model to be combined with the composite activated carbon filter, so that the composite activated carbon filter can flexibly adjust the treatment unit of the composite activated carbon filter according to the inflow water with different water qualities, and compared with the traditional filtering device, the service life of the composite activated carbon filter can be prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an intelligent secondary feed water treatment apparatus according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the composite activated carbon filter.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments, but includes any combination of the specific embodiments.
The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1, and the intelligent secondary water supply treatment device of the embodiment comprises a secondary water supply storage container 1, a regulating water tank 2, an aeration device 3, an ozone generation device 4, a quartz sand filter 5, a composite activated carbon filter 6, a tail gas destruction device 7, a membrane filter device 8 and a water production tank 10; the water outlet of the secondary water supply storage container 1 is connected with the adjusting water tank 2, the water outlet of the adjusting water tank 2 is connected with the quartz sand filter 4 through the aeration device 3, the ozone generating device 4 is arranged in the aeration device 3, the water outlet of the quartz sand filter 5 is connected with the composite activated carbon filter 6, the water outlet of the composite activated carbon filter 6 is connected with the tail gas destroying device 7, and the tail gas destroying device 7 is sequentially connected with the membrane filtering device 8 and the water production tank 10; the water production tank 10 is provided with an ultraviolet disinfection device 9.
The aeration device 3 is preferably a microporous aerator. The aeration device is used for carrying out advanced treatment on secondary water supply from the secondary water supply storage container. The ozone generating device 4 is preferably a flat-plate type ozone generator and is used for providing micro-nano ozone bubbles so that ozone is in full contact with organic matters and the reaction is more thorough. And the tail gas destruction device is used for carrying out ozone tail gas destruction on the person.
The ultraviolet disinfection device 9 can remove TOC, kill various microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, viruses and the like), does not change any component in water, and does not produce secondary pollution to water and the surrounding environment.
The quartz sand filter 5 is provided with three layers from top to bottom, wherein the filling height of the quartz sand in the first layer is 500-600mm, and the particle size of the used quartz sand is 0.5-1.2 mm; the filling height of the quartz sand in the second layer is 500-600mm, and the particle size of the used quartz sand is 2-4 mm; the filling height of the quartz sand in the third layer is 200-300mm, and the particle size of the used quartz sand is 1-2 mm.
As shown in fig. 2, the composite activated carbon filter 6 includes a composite adsorbent unit 61 and a granular activated carbon unit 62;
the composite adsorbent unit 61 comprises a plurality of composite adsorbent modules 610, wherein composite adsorbents are filled in the composite adsorbent modules, the composite adsorbents are made of powdered activated carbon, bentonite and diatomite, the composite adsorbent modules are connected in series, two valves are arranged at the tail end of each composite adsorbent module, one valve 611 is connected with the next composite adsorbent module, the other valve 612 is directly output, and the two valves form an open-close mutual exclusion relationship, namely, one valve is opened and the other valve is closed; the direct outputs of the multiple composite adsorbent modules collectively converge into a composite adsorbent unit water outlet 613;
the granular activated carbon unit 62 comprises a plurality of granular activated carbon modules 620 filled with granular activated carbon, the granular activated carbon modules are connected in series, two valves are arranged at the tail end of each granular activated carbon module, one valve 621 is connected with the next granular activated carbon module, the other valve 622 directly outputs, and the two valves form an open-close mutual exclusion relationship, namely, one valve is opened and the other valve is closed; the direct outputs of the multiple granular activated carbon modules are converged into a water outlet 623 of the granular activated carbon unit;
the water outlet of the composite adsorbent unit is connected with a first granular activated carbon module of the granular activated carbon unit; the water outlet of the granular activated carbon unit is connected with a tail gas destruction device 7.
The device of the embodiment can effectively solve the problem of secondary pollution of drinking water caused by water delivery of a water supply pipe network and water storage of a secondary water supply system, the removal rate of microorganisms reaches more than 99.99%, the removal rate of turbidity reaches more than 99%, and the contents of heavy metals Fe and Mn reach the drinking water standard. The DOC removal rate reaches more than 95%, and the COD removal rate reaches more than 95%.
The second embodiment is as follows: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: the particle size of the granular activated carbon is 1.2-5 mm. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: the quartz sand is modified quartz sand, and the specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
mixing quartz sand with distilled water, stirring for 1-2 h, adding citric acid, stirring for 3-5 h, centrifugally washing, and drying to obtain activated quartz sand;
adding beta-cyclodextrin and dimethyl sulfoxide into activated quartz sand, stirring in a water bath at 60 ℃ for reaction for 3-12 hours, washing a product with absolute ethyl alcohol after the reaction is finished, drying in a vacuum drying oven for 24 hours, and crushing by a high-speed stirring crusher to obtain the modified quartz sand. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
According to the embodiment, the beta-cyclodextrin is used for modifying the quartz sand, so that the removal effect of the quartz sand on various heavy metals can be improved. The drinking water containing heavy metals was treated for 24 hours with the modified silica sand of the present embodiment, and the control was performed with the unmodified silica sand. The comparative results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
| Initial concentration | Concentration of modified quartz sand after adsorption | Concentration of unmodified quartz sand after adsorption | |
| Chromium (hexavalent) | 46.2μg/L | 2.30μg/L | 21.83μg/L |
| Lead (II) | 71.3μg/L | 5.25μg/L | 22.57μg/L |
| Mercury | 8.32μg/L | 0.88μg/L | 2.76μg/L |
| Iron | 280.2μg/L | 15.9μg/L | 16.31μg/L |
| Manganese oxide | 145.1μg/L | 7.62μg/L | 9.08μg/L |
The data in the table show that the modified quartz sand has better effect of treating heavy metals, especially has outstanding adsorption effect on high-price heavy metals, and the modified quartz sand of the embodiment has stronger capability of removing heavy metals.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: in the actual secondary water supply process, the water sample in the water supply storage container 1 is regularly detected, and the water sample index X in the water supply storage container 1 is detected1、X2i、X3j、X4kAs input value to a control network of a composite activated carbon filter, wherein X1Is a haze value, X2iIs the content value of microorganism i, X3jIs the content value, X, of the organic substance j4kIs the content value of the heavy metal k; the output value of the composite active carbon filter control network is the number of the composite adsorbent modules and the granular active carbon modules; determining the quantity of the composite adsorbent modules and the granular activated carbon modules involved in the treatment of the composite activated carbon filter 6 according to the output value of the composite activated carbon filter control network, and correspondingly controlling the corresponding valves to be closed and opened, namely realizing the control of the composite activated carbon filter, so as to regulate and control the secondary water supply treatment;
the composite active carbon filter control network is a pre-trained neural network model, and the neural network model comprises two parts: an RNN neural network element and a supplementary network element;
the RNN neural network unit comprises an output layer, a hidden layer and an output layer, the hidden layer is set to be 4 layers, although the more the number of the hidden layers is, the higher the prediction accuracy can be theoretically realized (the difficulty of training is increased at the same time), through research and realization discovery of the invention, because the invention is directed at the prediction of a secondary water supply system, the content of each index in a water body is higher than that of each index in the water bodyThe hidden layer is smaller, so that the prediction accuracy rate cannot be increased or even reduced when the hidden layer is set to exceed 4 layers in practice, and the hidden layer is set to be 4 layers. Index X of water sample in storage container 1 for supplying water1、X2i、X3j、X4kAs input values for RNN neural network unit input layer neurons;
the supplementary network unit comprises two full connection layers and an output layer; the output of the output layer of the RNN neural network unit and the running time of the secondary water supply processing device (or the quartz sand filter) are used as input values of the supplementary network unit and input into a first full connecting layer of the supplementary network unit, the first full connecting layer is connected with a second full connecting layer, the second full connecting layer is used for the output layer of the supplementary network unit, and the output layer outputs the number of the composite adsorbent modules and the number of the granular activated carbon modules;
the RNN neural network unit and the supplementary network unit of the composite active carbon filter control network are respectively trained and jointly used, so that the prediction accuracy of the model can be improved, and the processing effect of the device is improved;
the training process of the RNN neural network element comprises the steps of:
sampling and detecting water samples in the water supply storage container 1 and the water samples discharged from the quartz sand filter 5 at intervals of unit time; index X of water sample in storage container 1 for supplying water1、X2i、X3j、X4kRespectively as input values for input layer neurons, where X1Is a haze value, X2iIs the content value of microorganism i, X3jIs the content value, X, of the organic substance j4kIs the content value of the heavy metal k; index X of water sample discharged from quartz sand filter 51、X2i、X3j、X4kAnd respectively serving as output values of neurons in an output layer, taking the difference value of the actual value and the predicted value as a loss function, and training the RNN through a gradient descent method to further obtain a trained RNN model.
Researches show that the detection value variation of water samples before and after treatment of the aeration device 3, the ozone generation device 4 and the quartz sand filter 5 is not linear, the treatment capacity of parts including the quartz sand filter 5 is gradually reduced along with the increase of time, and in the actual use process, equipment of the quartz sand filter 5 is cleaned or replaced regularly, so that the situation that the filtering capacity of the quartz sand filter 5 is reduced inevitably occurs in the use process; because the device of the invention works for the whole set of device at the same time, the detection of the water outlet of the quartz sand filter 5 in the actual secondary water supply working process (non-early installation test process) is not only inconvenient, but also can influence the work of the whole set of equipment; the sampling and detection of the water sample in the water supply storage container are convenient and easy to detect, and the detection result is more accurate, so the invention detects the index of the water sample in the water supply storage container, and predicts the effluent index of the quartz sand filter 5 by using the RNN neural network unit to obtain the effluent index of the quartz sand filter 5.
The training process of the supplementary network element comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of testing by using a trained RNN neural network unit, recording the running time of a secondary water supply processing device (or a quartz sand filter) corresponding to an output value of each test, taking the output of the RNN neural network unit and the running time of the secondary water supply processing device (or the quartz sand filter) as input values of a supplement network unit, taking the number of composite adsorbent modules and granular activated carbon modules as output values, taking the difference value between an actual value and a predicted value as a loss function, and training the RNN neural network by a gradient descent method to further obtain a trained RNN neural network model. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
The invention can realize the intelligent control of secondary water supply, namely, the quantity of the composite adsorbent modules and the granular activated carbon modules can be automatically controlled by utilizing the output of the neural network; the invention can replace a plurality of composite adsorbent units and granular activated carbon units of the composite activated carbon filter 6 only by one maintenance or replacement process, thus reducing the manpower input to the maximum extent in a longer time and improving the efficiency; meanwhile, the influence of the maintenance or replacement process on the water supply time can be reduced, so that the water supply requirement is ensured to the maximum extent, and the treatment effect can be ensured by using the invention more critically.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: the preparation method of the composite adsorbent comprises the following steps:
firstly, sieving the powdered activated carbon by a sieve of 80 meshes, and sieving bentonite and diatomite by a sieve of 100 meshes;
secondly, mixing the sieved powdered activated carbon, bentonite and diatomite, adding deionized water, stirring uniformly, aging in a shade place for 12-16 hours, and then granulating and drying to obtain composite particles; wherein the mass ratio of the powdered activated carbon to the bentonite to the diatomite is 2:4: 4;
and thirdly, placing the composite particles into a muffle furnace, covering the muffle furnace with quartz sand, sintering at the sintering temperature of 600-800 ℃, preserving heat for 1-2 hours, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the composite adsorbent. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: the temperature rise speed of the sintering in the third step is 3 ℃ and min-1. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
The seventh embodiment: the method for performing secondary water supply treatment by using the secondary water supply treatment device comprises the following steps:
firstly, a water source to be treated enters a regulating water tank from a secondary water supply storage container;
the outlet water of the regulating water tank sequentially enters a quartz sand filter and a composite activated carbon filter through an aeration device;
and thirdly, enabling the water discharged from the composite activated carbon filter to enter a tail gas destruction device for tail gas destruction treatment, and enabling the water to enter a water production tank through a membrane filter device to obtain purified water.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the seventh embodiment is different from the seventh embodiment in that: the membrane filtering device is a hollow fiber type filter membrane. The rest is the same as the seventh embodiment.
The following examples are given to illustrate the present invention, and the following examples are carried out on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and give detailed embodiments and specific procedures, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1:
the embodiment adopts an intelligent secondary water supply treatment device, which comprises a secondary water supply storage container, a regulating water tank, a microporous aerator, an ozone generating device, a quartz sand filter, a composite activated carbon filter, a tail gas destruction device, a membrane filtration device and a water production tank; the water outlet of the secondary water supply storage container is connected with a regulating water tank, the water outlet of the regulating water tank is connected with a quartz sand filter through an aeration device, an ozone generating device is arranged in the aeration device, the water outlet of the quartz sand filter is connected with a composite activated carbon filter, the water outlet of the composite activated carbon filter is connected with a tail gas destroying device, and the tail gas destroying device is sequentially connected with a membrane filter device and a water production tank; the water production tank is provided with an ultraviolet disinfection device.
The quartz sand filter is provided with three layers from top to bottom, wherein the filling height of the quartz sand in the first layer is 500mm, and the particle size of the used quartz sand is 1 mm; the filling height of the quartz sand in the second layer is 500mm, and the particle size of the used quartz sand is 6 mm; the filling height of the quartz sand in the third layer is 200mm, and the particle size of the used quartz sand is 3 mm;
the composite activated carbon filter comprises a composite adsorbent unit and a granular activated carbon unit;
the composite adsorbent unit comprises a plurality of composite adsorbent modules, composite adsorbents are filled in the composite adsorbent modules, the composite adsorbents are made of powdered activated carbon, bentonite and diatomite, the composite adsorbent modules are connected in series, two valves are arranged at the tail end of each composite adsorbent module, one valve is connected with the next composite adsorbent module, the other valve is directly output, and the two valves form open-close mutual exclusion relation, namely one valve is opened and the other valve is closed; the direct outputs of the multiple composite adsorbent modules are converged into a composite adsorbent unit water outlet together;
the granular activated carbon unit comprises a plurality of granular activated carbon modules, granular activated carbon is filled in the granular activated carbon modules, the granular activated carbon modules are connected in series, two valves are arranged at the tail end of each granular activated carbon module, one valve is connected with the next granular activated carbon module, the other valve is directly output, and the two valves form an open-close mutual exclusion relationship, namely, one valve is opened and the other valve is closed; the direct outputs of the plurality of granular activated carbon modules are converged into a water outlet of the granular activated carbon unit;
the water outlet of the composite adsorbent unit is connected with a first granular activated carbon module of the granular activated carbon unit; the water outlet of the granular activated carbon unit is connected with a tail gas destruction device.
The preparation method of the composite adsorbent comprises the following steps:
firstly, sieving the powdered activated carbon by a sieve of 80 meshes, and sieving bentonite and diatomite by a sieve of 100 meshes;
secondly, mixing the sieved powdered activated carbon, bentonite and diatomite, adding deionized water, stirring uniformly, aging for 12 hours in a shade place, and then granulating and drying to obtain composite particles; wherein the mass ratio of the powdered activated carbon to the bentonite to the diatomite is 2:4: 4;
thirdly, placing the composite particles into a muffle furnace, covering the muffle furnace with quartz sand, and sintering the composite particles at the sintering temperature of 800 ℃ and the heating speed of 3 ℃ per minute-1Keeping the temperature for 1h, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the composite adsorbent.
The method for performing secondary water supply treatment by adopting the device comprises the following steps:
firstly, a water source to be treated enters a regulating water tank from a secondary water supply storage container;
adjusting the water outlet of the water tank to enter a microporous aerator, conveying ozone into the microporous aerator by using an ozone generator, wherein the concentration of the ozone reaches 0.7mg/L, and then sequentially feeding the water in the aeration device into a quartz sand filter and a composite activated carbon filter;
and thirdly, enabling the water discharged from the composite activated carbon filter to enter a tail gas destruction device for tail gas destruction treatment, removing redundant ozone, and enabling the water to enter a water production tank through a membrane filter device for further disinfection and sterilization to obtain purified water.
Comparative example:
adopt catalytic membrane to strain secondary water supply equipment, including secondary water supply storage container, adjusting water tank, secondary water supply processing unit and product water tank. The secondary water supply treatment unit comprises an aeration device, a plate-type ozone generation device, a catalytic ceramic membrane filtering device and a tail gas destruction device, and the water production tank is provided with an ultraviolet disinfection device.
Firstly, secondary water supply enters the regulating water tank from the secondary water supply storage. Adjusting water in a water tank to overflow into an aeration device, conveying ozone to the aeration device at the output of 1kg/h by using an ozone generating device, wherein the conveying speed ensures that the concentration of the ozone in the aeration device reaches 2.0mg/L, then discharging the water in the aeration device through a catalytic ceramic membrane into a tail gas destruction device, removing redundant ozone, and discharging the water into a water production water tank provided with an ultraviolet disinfection device.
The same secondary water supply is adopted in the embodiment 1 and the comparative example, the secondary water supply inlet water sample and the composite activated carbon filter outlet water sample in the embodiment 1 are respectively collected, the secondary water supply inlet water sample and the ceramic membrane outlet water sample in the comparative example are collected, the DBPs generation amount is measured, and the detection methods of trihalomethanes (including CF, BDCM, CDBM and BF), chloral, haloketones (including 1,1-DCP and 1,1,1-TCP) and trihalonitromethane in the water samples are as follows:
trihalomethanes (THMs) were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry under the following chromatographic conditions: TG-5MS chromatographic column (30m × 0.25mm × 0.25 μm), injection port temperature 250 deg.C; split-flow sample introduction, split-flow ratio: 10: 1; column temperature program: maintaining the initial temperature at 40 deg.C for 1 min; heating to 44 deg.C, and maintaining for 1 min; the temperature is raised to 120 ℃ and kept for 2 min. Mass spectrum conditions: electron impact ion source (EI), electron energy 70 eV; the ion source temperature and the quadrupole rod temperature are 250,150 ℃ respectively; the transmission line temperature is 250 ℃; the voltage of the electron multiplier tube is 1400V; solvent delay 1.2 min; an ion detection (SIM) mode is selected.
Detecting Chloral (CH) by adopting a gas chromatography, wherein the gas chromatography conditions are as follows: a chromatographic column: DB-1701(30m multiplied by 0.25mm multiplied by 0.25 μm) column temperature is 60 ℃, and constant temperature is kept; sample inlet temperature: 180 ℃; detector temperature: 280 ℃; the column flow rate is 1.5 mL/min; split-flow sample introduction, split-flow ratio: 20: 1; the carrier gas is high purity nitrogen.
The Halogenated Ketone (HKs) was detected by gas chromatography under the following conditions: a chromatographic column: DB-1701(30m 0.25mm 0.25 μm) quartz capillary column. Column temperature program: maintaining the initial temperature at 50 deg.C for 10 min; heating to 125 deg.C, and maintaining for 10 min; the temperature is raised to 230 ℃ and kept for 5 min. The column flow rate is 1.2 mL/min; no split-flow sample introduction.
Trihalonitromethane (THNMs) gas chromatography-mass spectrometry determination, and the chromatographic conditions are as follows: TG-5MS column (30 m.times.0.25 mm.times.0.25 μm), injection port temperature: 200 ℃; detector temperature: 280 ℃; column head pressure is 83.5 kPa; split-flow-free sample introduction, column temperature rise program: maintaining the initial temperature at 30 deg.C for 15 min; the temperature is raised to 160 ℃ and kept for 5 min. The carrier gas is high purity nitrogen. Mass spectrum conditions: the electrons bombard the ion source (EI), with an electron energy of 70 eV.
The amounts of DBPs produced in example 1 and comparative example are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
According to the detection result, the content of organic matters in secondary water supply is obviously higher than that of municipal water supply, the total number of microorganisms exceeds the standard after passing through a water supply network and a secondary water supply link, and organic matters and soluble organic products released by the microorganisms are important DBPs precursors. In addition, the increase of the ozone amount not only increases the cost, but also promotes the increase of small molecular organic matters. By contrast, the method of the present embodiment can significantly reduce the amount of ozone used.
According to detection, the trichloroacetaldehyde, the haloketone and the trihalonitromethane in the water discharged from the ceramic membrane in the comparative example are all higher than those in the water inlet sample and are higher than those in the water outlet sample of the composite activated carbon filter. The method can avoid the increase of small molecular organic matters in the effluent.
The average results of the tests of this example and the comparative example over 1 year are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3
As can be seen from comparison, the turbidity removal rate, DOC removal rate and COD removal rate of the invention are all superior to those of the comparative example. The energy consumption is saved while the ozone consumption is reduced.
Claims (7)
1. An intelligent secondary water supply treatment device is characterized by comprising a secondary water supply storage container, a regulating water tank, an aeration device, an ozone generation device, a quartz sand filter, a composite activated carbon filter, a tail gas destruction device, a membrane filter device and a water production tank; the water outlet of the secondary water supply storage container is connected with a regulating water tank, the water outlet of the regulating water tank is connected with a quartz sand filter through an aeration device, an ozone generating device is arranged in the aeration device, the water outlet of the quartz sand filter is connected with a composite activated carbon filter, the water outlet of the composite activated carbon filter is connected with a tail gas destroying device, and the tail gas destroying device is sequentially connected with a membrane filter device and a water production tank; the water production tank is provided with an ultraviolet disinfection device;
the quartz sand filter is provided with three layers from top to bottom, wherein the filling height of the quartz sand in the first layer is 500-600mm, and the particle size of the used quartz sand is 0.5-1.2 mm; the filling height of the quartz sand in the second layer is 500-600mm, and the particle size of the used quartz sand is 2-4 mm; the filling height of the quartz sand in the third layer is 200-300mm, and the particle size of the used quartz sand is 1-2 mm; the quartz sand is beta-cyclodextrin modified quartz sand;
the preparation method of the beta-cyclodextrin modified quartz sand comprises the following steps:
mixing quartz sand with distilled water, stirring for 1-2 h, adding citric acid, stirring for 3-5 h, centrifugally washing, and drying to obtain activated quartz sand;
adding beta-cyclodextrin and dimethyl sulfoxide into activated quartz sand, stirring in a water bath at 60 ℃ for reaction for 3-12 hours, washing a product with absolute ethyl alcohol after the reaction is finished, drying in a vacuum drying oven for 24 hours, and crushing by a high-speed stirring crusher to obtain modified quartz sand;
the composite activated carbon filter comprises a composite adsorbent unit and a granular activated carbon unit;
the composite adsorbent unit comprises a plurality of composite adsorbent modules, composite adsorbents are filled in the composite adsorbent modules, the composite adsorbents are made of powdered activated carbon, bentonite and diatomite, the composite adsorbent modules are connected in series, two valves are arranged at the tail end of each composite adsorbent module, one valve is connected with the next composite adsorbent module, the other valve is directly output, and the two valves form open-close mutual exclusion relation, namely one valve is opened and the other valve is closed; the direct outputs of the multiple composite adsorbent modules are converged into a composite adsorbent unit water outlet together;
the granular activated carbon unit comprises a plurality of granular activated carbon modules, granular activated carbon is filled in the granular activated carbon modules, the granular activated carbon modules are connected in series, two valves are arranged at the tail end of each granular activated carbon module, one valve is connected with the next granular activated carbon module, the other valve is directly output, and the two valves form an open-close mutual exclusion relationship, namely, one valve is opened and the other valve is closed; the direct outputs of the plurality of granular activated carbon modules are converged into a water outlet of the granular activated carbon unit;
the water outlet of the composite adsorbent unit is connected with a first granular activated carbon module of the granular activated carbon unit; the water outlet of the granular activated carbon unit is connected with a tail gas destruction device;
the control method of the composite activated carbon filter comprises the following steps: in the actual secondary water supply process, the water sample in the water supply storage container is periodically detected, and the water sample index X in the water supply storage container1、X2i、X3j、X4kAs input value to a control network of a composite activated carbon filter, wherein X1Is a haze value, X2iIs the content value of microorganism i, X3jIs the content value, X, of the organic substance j4kIs the content value of the heavy metal k; the output value of the composite active carbon filter control network is the number of the composite adsorbent modules and the granular active carbon modules; determining in a composite activated carbon filter based on an output value of a composite activated carbon filter control networkThe number of the composite adsorbent modules and the number of the granular activated carbon modules which participate in the treatment are correspondingly controlled to be closed and opened, so that the control of the composite activated carbon filter is realized;
the neural network model of the composite activated carbon filter control network comprises two parts: an RNN neural network element and a supplementary network element;
the RNN neural network unit comprises an output layer, a hidden layer and an output layer, wherein the hidden layer is 4 layers and is used for providing water sample indexes X in the water supply storage container 11、X2i、X3j、X4kAs input values for RNN neural network unit input layer neurons;
the supplementary network unit comprises two full connection layers and an output layer; the output of the output layer of the RNN neural network unit and the running time of the secondary water supply treatment device or the quartz sand filter are used as input values of the supplementary network unit and input into the first full-connection layer of the supplementary network unit, the first full-connection layer is connected with the second full-connection layer, the second full-connection layer is used for the output layer of the supplementary network unit, and the output layer outputs the number of the composite adsorbent modules and the number of the granular activated carbon modules.
2. The intelligent secondary water supply treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the composite adsorbent comprises the following steps:
firstly, sieving the powdered activated carbon by a sieve of 80 meshes, and sieving bentonite and diatomite by a sieve of 100 meshes;
secondly, mixing the sieved powdered activated carbon, bentonite and diatomite, adding deionized water, stirring uniformly, aging in a shade place for 12-16 hours, and then granulating and drying to obtain composite particles; wherein the mass ratio of the powdered activated carbon to the bentonite to the diatomite is 2:4: 4;
and thirdly, placing the composite particles into a muffle furnace, covering the muffle furnace with quartz sand, sintering at the sintering temperature of 600-800 ℃, preserving heat for 1-2 hours, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the composite adsorbent.
3. The intelligent secondary water supply treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in thatThe temperature rise speed of sintering in the third step is 3 ℃ and min-1。
4. The intelligent secondary water supply treatment device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the particle diameter of the granular activated carbon is 1.2-5 mm.
5. The intelligent secondary water supply treatment device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the ozone generation device is a flat plate type ozone generator.
6. A method for treating secondary feed water using the apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of:
firstly, a water source to be treated enters a regulating water tank from a secondary water supply storage container;
secondly, the outlet water of the regulating water tank sequentially enters a quartz sand filter and a composite activated carbon filter through an aeration device,
and thirdly, enabling the water discharged from the composite activated carbon filter to enter a tail gas destruction device for tail gas destruction treatment, and enabling the water to enter a water production tank through a membrane filter device to obtain purified water.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the membrane filtration device is a hollow fiber type filtration membrane.
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| CN211445331U (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-09-08 | 无锡市美净水处理设备有限公司 | Bipolar reverse osmosis treatment system |
| CN111620473A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-04 | 闵桂青 | Water treatment method |
| CN111851651A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-10-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Catalytic membrane filtration secondary water supply equipment and catalytic membrane filtration secondary water supply method adopting same |
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