CN112755584A - High-efficient extraction centrifugal device - Google Patents
High-efficient extraction centrifugal device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-efficiency extraction centrifugal device, which can be used for extraction, centrifugation and separation of extracts of traditional Chinese medicines or natural medicines and belongs to the field of medical instruments and equipment. Mainly constitute by extractor (1), sleeve (2), sealed lid (3) and heterotypic buffering packing ring (4), extractor (1) and sleeve (2) keep dismantling to be connected, and sleeve (2) and sealed lid (3) keep dismantling to be connected, and sleeve (2) inside is provided with heterotypic buffering packing ring (4), and extractor (1) accessible is sealed lid (3) and heterotypic buffering packing ring (4) is fixed in inside sleeve (2) cavity. The invention has novel structure, low cost, convenient operation, high accuracy, good reproducibility, time saving and high efficiency, can greatly reduce the demulsification time of the extract liquor, accelerate the extraction and layering, avoid the transfer loss of the feed liquid, and obviously improve the extraction, centrifugation and liquid separation efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-efficiency extraction centrifugal device, in particular to a traditional Chinese medicine extract extraction, centrifugation and separation device, and belongs to the field of medical instruments and equipment.
Background
In recent years, the pharmaceutical industry in China is undergoing metamorphosis of transformation and upgrading, and meanwhile, the historical opportunity of rapid development is met, the drug supervision system is gradually perfected, and the drug quality is further improved. In order to better detect and control the quality of the medicine and ensure the safety, effectiveness and controllable quality of the medicine, the quality standard of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials and the preparations thereof is improved year by year, and the analysis and detection amount is gradually increased. The traditional Chinese medicine is a multi-component complex system, the Chinese patent medicine and the natural medicine extract are extracted and purified from single or compound traditional Chinese medicines, the components are extremely complex, and extraction, centrifugation and separation operations are often required before analysis and detection are carried out, so that the interference of complex components on a target detection object is reduced, and the accuracy and the reliability of detection are improved.
Extraction, also known as solvent extraction or liquid-liquid extraction, is a process for transferring solute substances from one solvent to another by using the difference in solubility or partition coefficient of the substances in two immiscible solvents, and is a unit operation for separating mixtures by using the different solubilities of the components in the solvent in the system. The operation of separating the two immiscible liquids after extraction is called liquid separation. In the traditional extraction method, a separating funnel is adopted for separating liquid, extraction is carried out through manual or instrument oscillation, then standing and layering are carried out, and upper and lower layer solutions are collected as required. Due to the complexity of the components of the traditional Chinese medicine extract, a serious emulsification phenomenon often occurs in the actual extraction operation, and the problems of long layering time, poor separation effect and the like are also accompanied. In the prior art, methods such as heating by a blower, adding salt and the like are often adopted to accelerate demulsification, but the methods have the problems of complex operation, poor demulsification effect, introduction of new impurities and the like, and the demulsification effect is not ideal, so that the efficiency of analysis and detection is influenced.
The centrifugal demulsification and stratification by using a centrifugal machine has a good effect, but the problem is also solved, the traditional Chinese medicine products generally need to be extracted and separated for 3-6 times, the conventional centrifugal tube is used for centrifugal operation, the solution in the extractor needs to be transferred to the centrifugal tube for centrifugal operation after each extraction operation, the solution after centrifugal demulsification and stratification is separated and transferred in a siphon mode, then the next extraction and centrifugal operation is carried out, and the operation is repeated for 3-6 times until the extraction is complete. However, most of conventional centrifugal tubes are closed at the bottom, and solutions after centrifugation, demulsification and layering at each time need to be separated and transferred in a siphon mode, so that the operation is complex, time and labor are wasted, the analysis period is long, and pollutants are easily introduced; moreover, traditional Chinese medicine products are often high in viscosity and obvious in wall adhesion, so that the viscous solution cannot be completely transferred, the analysis result is low, the experimental reproducibility is poor, and the efficiency of the analysis work and the accuracy of the detection result are seriously affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the common technical problems of poor demulsification effect, long layering time and low detection efficiency in the extraction and separation processes of traditional Chinese medicine or natural medicine extracts, complex operation, long analysis period, poor experimental reproducibility, easy introduction of new pollutants and the like in the centrifugal demulsification operation process.
The inventor carries out the matching transformation and optimizes the upgrading to the fixing device that the extractor is adapted to centrifuge on the basis of current conventional extractor, and novel sleeve, sealed lid and heterotypic buffer washer of unique structure are designed out in the innovation, can reduce extraction emulsion breaking time by a wide margin, extract the layering with higher speed to can avoid feed liquid transfer loss, show promotion detection extraction, centrifugal work efficiency, the reproducibility is good, and the accuracy is high, and is high-efficient to save time.
The technical problem solved by the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a high-efficient extraction centrifugal device, mainly by extractor 1, sleeve 2, sealed lid 3 and heterotypic cushion 4 constitute, its characterized in that: the extractor 1 and the sleeve 2 are detachably connected, the sleeve 2 and the sealing cover 3 are detachably connected, the special-shaped buffer washer 4 is arranged inside the sleeve 2, and the extractor 1 can be fixed inside a cavity of the sleeve 2 through the sealing cover 3 and the special-shaped buffer washer 4.
In the invention, the detachable connection between the sleeve 2 and the sealing cover 3 is one of threaded connection, butterfly type buckle connection and clamp connection.
The whole structure of the extractor 1 is a round-top and sharp-bottom streamline structure, wherein the upper part is a segment structure, the middle part is a cylinder structure, and the lower part is a cone structure.
The sleeve 2 is of a cylindrical structure, and the diameter-height ratio is 1: 2-3; preferably, the cylindrical sleeve 2 has a diameter-to-height ratio of 1: 2.5.
in the invention, the cone structure part at the middle lower part of the extractor 1 can be detachably and tightly attached with the special-shaped buffer gasket 4. The special-shaped gasket 4 is made of one of polyethylene, polyurethane or rubber.
Preferably, the material of the profiled washer 4 is polyurethane.
The whole structure of the extractor 1 of the invention is a streamline structure with a round upper part and a sharp lower part, wherein, the upper part is a segment structure, the middle part is a cylinder structure, and the lower part is a cone structure. The structure can ensure high-efficiency extraction and separation, and simultaneously can increase the volume of the extractor 1 to the maximum extent and improve the liquid carrying capacity in single operation.
Specifically, during the liquid separation operation, the traditional Chinese medicine extract and the extraction solvent are added into the extractor 1 according to a specific proportion, and are extracted by manual or instrument oscillation, and after sufficient shaking, mild, moderate or severe emulsification phenomenon can occur between the traditional Chinese medicine extract and the extraction solvent. And then, tightly covering and sealing the extractor 1 filled with the mixed liquid, and putting the extractor 1 into the sleeve 2, wherein the special-shaped buffer gasket 4 is arranged in the sleeve 2, and the cone structure part at the middle lower part of the extractor 1 can be kept in a detachable and tight fit state with the special-shaped buffer gasket 4, so that the stability of the extractor 1 is ensured.
In the invention, the sleeve 2 can be detachably connected with the sealing cover 3 through threaded connection, butterfly type buckle connection or hoop connection, and the extractor 1 arranged in the sleeve 2 is fixed in the cavity of the sleeve 2 through the sealing cover 3 and the special-shaped buffer washer 4. At the moment, the combined system of the extractor 1, the sleeve 2 and the sealing cover 3 which are tightly combined into a whole is integrally placed into a centrifuge drum for centrifugal demulsification and layering acceleration.
Taking out the layered combined system consisting of the extractor 1, the sleeve 2 and the sealing cover 3 from the rotary drum of the centrifuge, opening the sealing cover 3, taking out the extractor 1, separating and transferring the layered target solution through a liquid discharging nozzle at the lower part of the extractor 1, thereby avoiding the phenomena that the viscous solution can not be completely transferred and is stained on the wall, then adding a new extraction solvent, carrying out the next extraction and centrifugation operation, and repeating the operation for 3-6 times until the traditional Chinese medicine or natural medicine extract is completely extracted.
The efficient extraction and centrifugation device can reduce the emulsion breaking time of the extraction liquid, accelerate the sealing of the extraction liquid, solve the common technical problems of poor emulsion breaking effect, long layering time, complex operation, low detection efficiency, obvious wall sticking and the like in the extraction and separation processes, remarkably improve the extraction and centrifugation working efficiency, have good reproducibility and high accuracy, greatly improve the analysis and detection efficiency and achieve the purposes of quality improvement and efficiency improvement.
The invention has unique structure, low cost, convenient operation, good reproducibility, high accuracy, time saving and high efficiency, and remarkable generated technical effect, and compared with the existing extraction and separation device, the invention has the following substantive characteristics and progresses:
1. the sleeve, the special-shaped buffer washer and the sealing cover combined system have the advantages of novel structure, ingenious design, low cost, capability of combining the advantages of a separating funnel and a centrifugal tube, capability of finishing extraction, centrifugation and liquid separation at one time, convenience, rapidness, time saving and high efficiency.
2. The high-efficient extraction separator after the improvement, upper portion are the segment structure, and the middle part is the cylinder structure, and the lower part is the cone structure, when guaranteeing high-efficient extraction, separation, can increase the volume of extractor 1 to the at utmost, improves the liquid-carrying capacity of single operation.
3. The efficient extraction centrifugal device can efficiently demulsify, remarkably shorten the layering time and avoid the transfer loss of feed liquid. Compared with the existing extraction, centrifugation and layering operation technologies, the device can improve the extraction rate of the target product by more than 6 percent, and has the advantages of high accuracy, good reproducibility, convenient operation, time saving and high efficiency.
Drawings
In order to facilitate understanding and mastering of the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings are not to be considered limiting of the described scope of the technical solution, and that other relevant drawings can be derived from the following drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a high-efficiency extraction centrifugal device
The scores in the figures are as follows: 1-extractor, 2-sleeve, 3-sealing cover, 4-special buffer washer.
FIG. 2 is a (partially enlarged) schematic view of a threaded connection
The scores in the figures are as follows: 2-sleeve, 3-sealing cover, 5-external thread and 6-internal thread.
FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of a butterfly snap-fit connection
The scores in the figures are as follows: 2-sleeve, 3-sealing cover, 7-buckle cover, 8-buckle bottom and 9-hinge.
FIG. 4 is a (partially enlarged) schematic view of a clamp type connecting device
The scores in the figures are as follows: 2-sleeve, 3-sealing cover, 10-hoop ring and 11-hoop buckle.
Detailed Description
The following describes in further detail embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer and clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be described in detail and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be apparent that the following examples are part, but not all, of the examples of the present application. In general, the components and connections shown and described in the drawings and this embodiment may be arranged and configured in other ways, not to mention here, due to space limitations.
Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments does not limit the scope of the claims of the present application, and equivalents and modifications made by those skilled in the art without inventive faculty are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Example 1 high efficiency extraction centrifugation device Structure and Process of extracting, centrifuging and separating ginsenoside
As shown in the attached figure 1, the high-efficiency extraction centrifugal device mainly comprises an extractor 1, a sleeve 2, a sealing cover 3 and a special-shaped buffer gasket 4, wherein the extractor 1 is detachably connected with the sleeve 2, the sleeve 2 is detachably connected with the sealing cover 3, the special-shaped buffer gasket 4 is arranged in the sleeve 2, and the extractor 1 can be fixed in the cavity of the sleeve 2 through the sealing cover 3 and the special-shaped buffer gasket 4.
During liquid separation, 50% ethanol reflux extraction concentrated solution of ginseng and water saturated n-butanol are added into an extractor 1 according to the proportion of 1:5, and the ginseng extract and an extraction solvent are subjected to moderate emulsification after being fully shaken by manual or instrument oscillation extraction. And then, tightly covering and sealing the extractor 1 filled with the mixed liquid, and putting the extractor 1 into the sleeve 2, wherein the special-shaped buffer gasket 4 is arranged in the sleeve 2, and the cone structure part at the middle lower part of the extractor 1 can be kept in a detachable and tight fit state with the special-shaped buffer gasket 4, so that the stability of the extractor 1 is ensured.
The sleeve 2 is detachably connected with the sealing cover 3 through a clamping connection, and the extractor 1 which is arranged in the sleeve 2 is fixed in the cavity of the sleeve 2 through the sealing cover 3 and the special-shaped buffer gasket 4. At the moment, the combined system of the extractor 1, the sleeve 2 and the sealing cover 3 which are tightly combined into a whole is integrally placed into a rotary drum of a centrifuge, and is centrifuged for 5 minutes under the condition of 2200r/min for carrying out centrifugal demulsification and accelerating delamination.
And taking out the combined system of the extractor 1, the sleeve 2 and the sealing cover 3 which are layered, from the centrifuge drum, opening the sealing cover 3, taking out the extractor 1, separating and transferring the lower-layer water phase into a beaker through a liquid discharging nozzle at the lower part of the extractor 1, and transferring the upper-layer n-butyl alcohol layer into another beaker. Pouring the collected lower water phase back to the extractor 1, adding n-butanol, performing the next extraction and centrifugation, and repeating the operation for 3 times until the ginsenoside extraction is complete. And finally, collecting the n-butanol solution containing the ginsenoside, and recovering the solvent under reduced pressure to obtain the target product ginsenoside solution.
EXAMPLE 2 operating procedure for extracting, centrifuging and separating iodide ions from Laminaria japonica by high efficiency extraction and centrifugation apparatus
Burning thallus laminariae decoction pieces to ash, soaking and dissolving to obtain thallus laminariae ash suspension, filtering to remove insoluble residue, and adding hydrogen peroxide to oxidize iodide ions into iodine simple substance.
During the liquid separation operation, the iodide ion solution and carbon tetrachloride are added into the extractor 1, and are extracted by manual or instrument oscillation, and after sufficient oscillation, slight emulsification occurs between the iodide ion extract and the extraction solvent. And then, tightly covering and sealing the extractor 1 filled with the mixed liquid, and putting the extractor 1 into the sleeve 2, wherein the special-shaped buffer gasket 4 is arranged in the sleeve 2, and the cone structure part at the middle lower part of the extractor 1 can be kept in a detachable and tight fit state with the special-shaped buffer gasket 4, so that the stability of the extractor 1 is ensured.
The sleeve 2 is detachably connected with the sealing cover 3 through butterfly type buckle connection, and the extractor 1 installed in the sleeve 2 is fixed in the cavity of the sleeve 2 through the sealing cover 3 and the special-shaped buffer gasket 4. At the moment, the combined system of the extractor 1, the sleeve 2 and the sealing cover 3 which are tightly combined into a whole is integrally placed in a rotary drum of a centrifuge and centrifuged for 5 minutes at 2000r/min to carry out centrifugal demulsification and accelerate layering.
Taking out the centrifuge drum from the layered extractor 1, sleeve 2 and sealing cover 3 combined system, opening the sealing cover 3, taking out the extractor 1, separating and transferring the lower carbon tetrachloride layer into a beaker through a liquid discharge nozzle at the lower part of the extractor 1, adding carbon tetrachloride into the upper layer, carrying out the next extraction and centrifugation operation, and repeating the operation for 4 times until the iodine ion extraction is complete. And finally, collecting a carbon tetrachloride solution containing iodide ions, and recovering the solvent under reduced pressure to obtain the target product iodide ion solution.
Example 3 working procedure of extracting and centrifuging total flavonoids in wild chrysanthemum flower by high-efficiency extraction and centrifugation device
Taking 900g of wild chrysanthemum decoction pieces, refluxing for 2 times by using 8 times of 70% ethanol, and each time for 60min to obtain wild chrysanthemum ethanol extract, concentrating under reduced pressure to 900ml, and averagely dividing into 3 parts, wherein each part is 300ml for later use. The method comprises the steps of taking water saturated n-butanol as an extraction solvent, and extracting, centrifuging and separating by adopting three modes of a traditional separating funnel, a centrifugal tube and a high-efficiency extraction centrifugal device respectively.
The volume ratio of the extracting solution to the extracting solvent is 1:6, and the extracting and the separating are carried out for 4 times. Wherein, the traditional liquid separation funnel method is placed for 30min after fully shaking and standing for layering, liquid separation is carried out after liquid layering, 4 times of extraction liquid is collected, the solvent is recovered under reduced pressure, and the extraction liquid is concentrated into 15ml to be measured; fully shaking by using a traditional separating funnel and a centrifugal tube method, transferring the mixed solution into a centrifugal tube, centrifuging for 5 minutes at 2100r/min for centrifugal demulsification and layering, separating by using a siphon method, collecting 4 times of extraction liquid, recovering the solvent under reduced pressure, and concentrating into 15ml to be detected; the high-efficiency extraction centrifugal device method is characterized in that after fully shaking, the extractor 1 is arranged in a sleeve 2 by threadsSealing with a sealing cover 3, centrifuging at 2100r/min for 5 min for demulsification, accelerating layering, separating via a tap at the lower part of the extractor 1, separating n-butanol layer, collecting 4 times of extractive solutions, recovering solvent under reduced pressure, and concentrating to 15 ml. Measuring flavone content by ultraviolet spectrophotometry, using rutin as reference substance, and NaN O2-AlCl3and-NaO H color development, and colorimetry at 510nm wavelength for determining the absorbance of the total flavonoids in the wild chrysanthemum flowers. The test results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 test results of extraction, centrifugation and separation of flavone component in wild chrysanthemum
The calculation mode of the extraction rate Y is as follows: y is M/M multiplied by 100%;
note: m represents the mass of total flavonoids in the organic phase, g; m represents the mass of total flavonoids in the raw material solution, g.
According to the test results, under the condition that the parameters of the extraction strips, the extraction solvent, the centrifugal speed, the centrifugal time and the like are kept consistent, the extraction rates of the flavone components of the three groups of test wild chrysanthemum are respectively 81.3%, 78.1% and 87.6%. Compared with the traditional separating funnel or the traditional separating funnel plus a centrifugal tube, the extraction rate of the high-efficiency extraction centrifugal device is improved by more than 6%, the demulsification time is greatly shortened, the rapid layering is realized, the feed liquid transfer loss can be avoided, the transfer is rapid and convenient, and the time and the efficiency are saved.
In conclusion, the detailed description of the high-efficiency extraction centrifuge of the present invention is helpful to understand the innovative essence and beneficial effects of the present invention. The device reduces the emulsion breaking time of the extraction liquid, accelerates the layering of the extraction liquid, solves the common technical problems of poor emulsion breaking effect, long layering time, complex operation, low detection efficiency, obvious wall sticking and the like in the extraction and separation processes, and obviously improves the extraction and centrifugation working efficiency.
It should be emphasized that the above description is not intended to limit the various embodiments of the present invention, and any simple modifications or equivalent substitutions based on the technical solutions described in the claims of the present application should be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a high-efficient extraction centrifugal device mainly comprises extractor (1), sleeve (2), sealed lid (3) and heterotypic buffering packing ring (4), its characterized in that: the extractor (1) is detachably connected with the sleeve (2), the sleeve (2) is detachably connected with the sealing cover (3), the special-shaped buffer washer (4) is arranged inside the sleeve (2), and the extractor (1) can be fixed inside a cavity of the sleeve (2) through the sealing cover (3) and the special-shaped buffer washer (4).
2. A high efficiency extraction centrifuge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the removable connection between the sleeve (2) and the sealing cover (3) is one of a threaded connection, a butterfly snap connection and a clamp connection.
3. The high-efficiency extraction centrifugal device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the whole structure of the extractor (1) is in a round-top and sharp-bottom streamline structure, wherein the upper part is in a segment structure, the middle part is in a cylinder structure, and the lower part is in a cone structure.
4. The high efficiency extraction centrifuge as defined in claim 1 wherein said sleeve (2) is cylindrical in configuration with a diameter to height ratio of 1: 2-3.
5. The high efficiency extraction centrifuge as defined in claim 4, wherein the diameter to height ratio of the cylindrical structured sleeve (2) is 1: 2.5.
6. the high-efficiency extraction centrifugal device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the cone structure part at the middle lower part of the extractor (1) can be kept in a detachable and close fit state with the special-shaped buffer gasket (4).
7. The high-efficiency extraction centrifugal device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the profiled washer (4) is made of one of polyethylene, polyurethane and rubber.
8. The high-efficiency extraction centrifuge device according to claim 7, wherein the profiled washer (4) is made of polyurethane.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN113865947A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-12-31 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Online sampling device and method for low-concentration molecular iodine in gas circulation loop |
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